Important Risk Factor For Myocardial Infarction Research Articles

Antioxidant Flavonoid Diosmetin Is Cardioprotective in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction Induced by Beta 1-Adrenergic Receptors Activation.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and life-threatening manifestation of ischemic heart diseases (IHD). The most important risk factor for MI is hypertension. Natural products from medicinal plants have gained considerable attention globally due to their preventive and therapeutic effects. Flavonoids have been found to be efficacious in ischemic heart diseases (IHD) by alleviating oxidative stress and beta-1 adrenergic activation, but the mechanistic link is not clear. We hypothesized that antioxidant flavonoid diosmetin is cardioprotective in a rat model of MI induced by beta 1-adrenergic receptor activation. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the cardioprotective potential of diosmetin on isoproterenol-induced MI in rats by performing lead II electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac biomarkers including troponin I (cTnI) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), CK-myocardial band, (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotranferase (AST) by using biolyzer 100, as well as histopathological analysis. We found that diosmetin (1 and 3 mg/kg) attenuated isoproterenol-induced elevation in the T-wave and deep Q-wave on the ECG, as well as heart-to-body weight ratio and infarction size. In addition, pretreatment with diosmetin attenuated the isoproterenol-induced increase in serum troponin I. These results demonstrate that flavonoid diosmetin may provide therapeutic benefit in myocardial infarction.

A medical history of arterial thrombosis is a strong predictor of post-operative myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with hip fractures—a nationwide cohort study

Hip fractures lead to a substantial burden of disease and mortality among the elderly. Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke are serious and overlooked complications, and their impact on mortality and morbidity may be underestimated. We investigated; 90-day absolute risk of stroke and MI following hip fracture surgery, and ii) anamnestic risk factors associated with elevated risk of postoperative MI and stroke. All Danish patients aged ≥60 undergoing first time hip fracture surgery in 2000-2017 were identified. Outcomes were MI or stroke 90 days after surgery. We performed gender-stratified cumulative incidence functions and multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for age and comorbidities. 124,660 patients were included. Incidence of MI was 2.2% and 1.3%, and incidence of stroke was 3.5% and 2.5%, in men and women, respectively. The most important risk factor for MI and stroke was a previous event. Hazard ratio (HR) of MI associated with previous MI was 2.43 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.02-2.92) in men and 2.65 (95% CI 2.23-3.16) in women, while the HR of stroke associated with previous stroke was 4.17 (95% CI 3.73-4.67) and 3.73 (95% CI 3.43-4.08), respectively. Other risk factors of MI were; sex, age, and a history of heart failure, hypertension, peripheral artery disease or diabetes. For postoperative stroke; sex age, and atrial fibrillation were important risk factors. MI and stroke after hip fractures are overlooked and serious complications. Persons with elevated risk can be identified at admission, based on their medical history.

THE ROLE OF GENDER FEATURES IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Objective: investigation of gender features and their role in progression and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and methods. 244 patients aged 30–85 (mean age 61.2 ± 12.3) with MI were included in this study. They were divided into 2 groups depending on their gender: the 1st group was comprised of 80 (32.8 %) women, the 2nd group – of 164 (67.2 %) men. We evaluated patients’ demographic data, diagnosis and its complications, comorbidities, medical history and risk factors (RF) of coronary heart disease (CHD), in-patient therapeutic activities, in-hospital mortality rate, and 12-month mortality rate after MI. Results. In women MI was significantly more often associated with arterial hypertension (p 0,05), however severe (class III–IV) heart failure was more common in female population (31.2 % vs 23.7 %; RR 1.31; 95 % CI 0.85–2.01; p > 0.05).Mortality rate was higher in women than in men (27.5 % vs 15.2 %; RR 1.8; 95 % CI 1.08–2.99; р 0.05). During the first 6 months after MI we found a tendency of higher mortality rate in females than in males (6.2 % vs 1.8 %; RR 3.41; 95 % CI 0.83–13.9; p > 0.05), but after 6–12 months after discharge males tended to have higher mortality than females (4.3 % vs 2.5 %; RR 0.58; 95 % CI 0.12–2.75; p > 0.05). Conclusion. The most important risk factors for MI in females are diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and obesity. MI in women is associated with severe HF development; their immediate prognosis and disease outcome is usually less favorable, than in men.

Myocardial infarction in male and female dominated occupations.

The aim of the study was to investigate whether workers in jobs dominated by the opposite sex have an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). A case-referent study was carried...

Significance of the Deletion Polymorphism of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction in Japanese.

An association study of the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene with myocardial infarction (MI) was performed in middle-aged Japanese men. The DD genotype was significantly more frequent in 101 MI subjects (0.42) than in 102 matched control subjects (0.16) compared with the two other genotypes (IDandII) (p<0.00005). A significant association was observed not only in the low-risk group but also in the high-risk group who were defined according to plasma total cholesterol ≥ 220mg/dl and body mass index ≥ 26kg/m2. These results indicate that ACE/DD genotype is a potent and important risk factor for MI in Japanese. (Hypertens Res 1994; 17: 55-57)

Coffee consumption and coronary heart disease in middle-aged Swedish men.

The possible association between coffee and myocardial infarction (MI) has been studied both prospectively in a random population sample of Swedish men aged 50 years (n=834) and with case control methodology in non-selected male patients surviving a MI (age 40-57 years, n=230). Coffee consumption was significantly associated with two other important risk factors for MI, namely smoking and alcoholic intemperance, but weak (non-significant) relationships were found with serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, systolic or diastolic BP, and dyspnoea on exertion. In the prospective study there was no significant relationship between coffee and MI, either with univariate or multivariate analysis. The retrospectively reported coffee consumption of MI patients was higher than of those who later suffered a MI (the population sample). With the aid of non-parametric multivariate analysis of the combined population sample and the series of MI patients, a significant association was found between coffee consumption and MI. The experience of having had a MI may have affected the patients' rating of coffee consumption, or their consumption may have really increased during some months or a few years before the MI.