Importance-performance Analysis Framework Research Articles

Congruency of the Goals and Objectives of a Graduate Program in Physical Education: An Assessment of Stakeholders Thru Importance-Performance Analysis Framework

Purpose: This study assessed the congruency of a graduate physical education program's goals and objectives using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) framework. The research aimed to identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement, ultimately enhancing curriculum and bridging the gap between academia and the physical education and sports industry. Materials and Methods: a cross-sectional survey was conducted, utilizing a structured questionnaire distributed to 135 participants classified as internal and external stakeholders selected via purposive convenience sampling. The questionnaire was administered via Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of items related to stakeholders' demographic profile, awareness, acceptability, and perceived levels of importance and performance of the goals and objectives of the program. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, IPA, and Independent Samples T-test to determine varying perceptions among stakeholders. Results: The findings indicated a substantial degree of awareness and acceptability of the program's goals and objectives among stakeholders. The study also revealed a strong alignment between the program objectives, graduate school objectives, and the university's vision and mission. However, certain discrepancies emerged concerning stakeholders' acceptability levels for specific objectives. With regard to the importance-performance analysis, the results highlighted the need for the organization to enhance its performance in producing graduates possessing advanced disciplinary content knowledge. Graduates should be equipped to examine and appreciate both traditional and contemporary theories, concepts, and models within their respective disciplines. Conclusion: The study concludes that stakeholders have high awareness and acceptability of the preambular provisions of the university and the MPE program, but external stakeholders have lower awareness and acceptability. The congruency between program objectives and graduate school objectives, as well as the alignment between the university vision and graduate school vision and mission, suggests a well-designed and implemented program. Meanwhile, the importance-performance analysis highlights areas to improve, such as advanced disciplinary content, effective communication, and critical thinking and research skills. Enhancing communication and engagement strategies, monitoring alignment with stakeholder needs, and reassessing the importance of certain goals can improve the program's alignment with broader institutional goals and contribute to the university's overall success.

Importance-Performance Analysis: Evaluation E-Business Motivation Among SMEs in Indonesia

This study aims to fill a research gap, namely exploring the extent to which small companies in Indonesia, especially batik SMEs in the Bantul district. The aim of the research is to understand the adoption of e-business applications. Evaluation of the extent to which the motivation of companies to adopt an e-business strategy is carried out using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). A total of 122 SMEs were obtained and sampled using the criteria of SMEs as family businesses and have implemented electronic-based business applications such as marketing blogs or Instagram or Facebook. The analysis technique used is not only based on the IPA framework but also using a sample data sorting technique with a Cartesian diagram to obtain what items of expectation have motivated SMEs to adopt e-business and how the performance achievements of these expectations have been achieved. This study identifies the priority items for SMEs in maximizing the use of e-commerce to support online sales, selection of potential supplier sources, and efforts to save promotional budgets.

Performance evaluation for the outsourcing of military base management services in the Republic of Korea using SERVQUAL and IPA

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a contracting-out project for military base management in response to recent defense reforms in the Republic of Korea that require military forces to concentrate on operations and combat missions. In this study, the service quality perspective via SERVQUAL was applied to the ROK defense sector for the first time, with the soldiers viewed as customers receiving a service. In addition, to improve the effectiveness of the contracted services, the importance-performance analysis framework was employed to identify the tasks that required urgent attention. We conducted a large-scale survey of 2,112 uniformed members within pilot project units. To avoid problems such as insincere responses or low response rates, we held interviews with the officers managing the units on the subject of the importance and purpose of the questionnaire. As a result, it was found that the outsourcing of cleaning services was the most successful initiative, while mowing/landscaping had the most urgent tasks for improvement, with some respondents believing that reliability and assurance should be improved.

Opplæring og utvikling av ledere

Piloter i luftfart er i et profesjonsyrke med sterke kompetansekrav når det gjelder tekniske aspekter. I denne artikkelen studerer vi betydningen av utdanning innen ledelse for piloter i norsk luftfart. Kapteinen er fartøysjef og har ansvaret for at flymaskinen og besetningen er beredt til å utføre sine oppgaver både i en normalsituasjon og ved en kritisk hendelse. Styrmenn får først formelle ledelsesoppgaver når de rykker opp til stilling som kaptein, men er i svært liten grad forberedt på ledelsesaspektet gjennom formell opplæring hos flyskolene eller hos flyselskapene. I studien er det gjennomført en spørreundersøkelse som ble besvart av 162 respondenter (styrmenn og kapteiner) og resultatene er analysert i et såkalt Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) rammeverk. En av fem kapteiner mener de har mottatt tilstrekkelig opplæring i ledelse før de skal utøve en ledende rolle. Det er videre interessant å se at kapteiner oppfattes som dårligere ledere enn kapteinene oppfatter seg selv, av sine styrmenn/-kvinner. Vi fant også en konsekvent underprestasjon (ytelse) på tvers av alle faktorer innen ledelse. Det kan derfor se ut til at flybransjen i Norge legger for lite vekt på lederutdanning av kapteiner. Økt fokus på ledelsesutdanning vil etter vår oppfatning kunne gi konkurransefortrinn i en stadig mer global og konkurranseutsatt bransje. Vi reiser også spørsmål om manglende opplæring for å utføre lederrollen gjelder spesielt for ledere i flybransjen eller om det også er tilfelle i andre bransjer og organisasjoner særlig der sikkerhet og tekniske krav prioriteres høyt. Vi demonstrerer dermed at man kan bruke IPA rammeverket for å evaluere ledelsesprestasjoner og diskuterer implikasjoner for opplæring både for myndigheter og selskaper.

Blogs: are they headed downwards in social networking An empirical analysis

Many businesses today utilise blogs to expand opportunities to communicate, collaborate, and network. However, some believe it may be on a downward path as users today may prefer micro-blogging with Twitter and Facebook. Since the adoption of web services is typically bottom-up, it is important to understand perceptions toward workplace blogs, especially among the younger generation. A study of over four hundred users finds statistically significant evidence for reduced user perceptions of blogging over the years. The study also identifies four business areas that users find important for blogs, including employee networking and online sales. This research is one of the few recent works that show a relationship between importance and performance, previously assumed to be independent. For blogs, the relationship is found to be continuously increasing. The importance-performance analysis framework can now be used as a tool for decision-making by businesses as well providers of the blogging technology.

Blogs: are they headed downwards in social networking An empirical analysis

Many businesses today utilise blogs to expand opportunities to communicate, collaborate, and network. However, some believe it may be on a downward path as users today may prefer micro-blogging with Twitter and Facebook. Since the adoption of web services is typically bottom-up, it is important to understand perceptions toward workplace blogs, especially among the younger generation. A study of over four hundred users finds statistically significant evidence for reduced user perceptions of blogging over the years. The study also identifies four business areas that users find important for blogs, including employee networking and online sales. This research is one of the few recent works that show a relationship between importance and performance, previously assumed to be independent. For blogs, the relationship is found to be continuously increasing. The importance-performance analysis framework can now be used as a tool for decision-making by businesses as well providers of the blogging technology.

Identifying drivers of destination attractiveness in a competitive environment: A comparison of approaches

Abstract This study applies a demand-side analysis framework to assess drivers of destination attractiveness in consideration of competitor destinations. The framework, consisting of a relevance–determinance analysis (RDA) and a competitive-performance analysis (CPA), is further benchmarked against competing variants of importance–performance analysis (IPA). As this study reveals, the RDA+CPA framework significantly outperforms the IPA approaches with regard to the level of detail and validity of recommended managerial action. In particular, this study reveals that the original IPA framework of recommendations is not compatible for use with attributes that are characterized by large discrepancies between relevance (stated importance) and determinance (derived importance). If only one of these importance dimensions is available, then researchers/analysts must carefully consider the meaningfulness of implications for each attribute that is subject to analysis. In general, when applying IPA, researchers and analysts should be aware that what is generally considered important by customers/tourists might not necessarily also be important in driving their actual consumption experience. Finally, as this study also shows, IPA runs the risk of providing misleading implications regarding competitive advantages and disadvantages if the competitor dimension is actually not included in the analysis.

Importance–performance analysis in tourism: A framework for researchers

Importance–performance analysis (IPA) is extensively used in hospitality and tourism research because of its simplicity. However, due to the lack of critical statistical analysis, the traditional IPA framework is compromised by serious reliability and validity issues. Although many researchers have tried to address these problems, a comprehensive framework to guide researchers through the various stages of IPA is still needed. This study offers a research framework and a straightforward guide for the use of IPA. Experimental surveys are conducted to validate the proposed research framework.

Importance-performance analysis: A valid management tool?

Importance-performance analysis (IPA) is considered a useful tool in examining customer satisfaction and management strategies. This technique can help tourism stakeholders in diagnosing underlying deficiencies and setting priorities in tourism development. As a result, a more efficient allocation of limited resources could be achieved to improve tourist satisfaction and destination competitiveness. However, some conceptual and methodological issues undermine its performance. This paper discusses the applicability of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in dealing with these issues. This powerful diagnostic tool could provide the criteria for optimal categorization of elements in IPA framework, while testing its validity and reliability. The proposed method clearly outperformed the standard IPA approaches and set the path for more rigorous IPA studies that should more reliably assist management in the decision-making process.

Natural resource manager perceptions of agency performance on climate change

An important precursor to the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies is to understand the perceived capacity to implement and operationalize such strategies. Utilizing an importance–performance analysis (IPA) evaluation framework, this article presents a comparative case study of federal and state land and natural resource manager perceptions of agency performance on factors influencing adaptive capacity in two U.S. regions (northern Colorado and southwestern South Dakota). Results revealed several important findings with substantial management implications. First, none of the managers ranked the adaptive capacity factors as a low priority. Second, managers held the perception that their agencies were performing either neutrally or poorly on most factors influencing adaptive capacity. Third, gap analysis revealed that significant improvements are required to facilitate optimal agency functioning when dealing with climate change-related management issues. Overall, results suggest that a host of institutional and policy-oriented (e.g., lack of clear mandate to adapt to climate change), financial and human resource (e.g., inadequate staff and financial resources), informational (e.g., inadequate research and monitoring programs) and contextual barriers (e.g., sufficient regional networks to mitigate potential transboundary impacts) currently challenge the efficient and effective integration of climate change into decision-making and management within agencies working in these regions. The IPA framework proved to be an effective tool to help managers identify and understand agency strengths, areas of concern, redundancies, and areas that warrant the use of limited funds and/or resource re-allocation in order to enhance adaptive capacity and maximize management effectiveness with respect to climate change.

Service quality in postgraduate education

Purpose – Measuring service quality in higher education is increasingly important for attracting and retaining tuition-based revenues. Nonetheless, whilst undergraduates have received substantial academic exposure, postgraduate-based research has been scant. Consequently, the objectives of this paper are threefold: first, to identify the service factors used by postgraduates in their quality evaluations. Second, to analyse the appropriateness of importance-performance analysis (IPA) in the measurement of service quality and, final, to provide a working example of IPA’s application in a UK-based university. Design/methodology/approach – Convergent interviews were used to elicit attributes of service that were deemed important by taught postgraduate students. These findings were then tested using an online survey. Exploratory factor analysis was used to group the service attributes into latent “service factors”. Each service factor was then tested for service quality using Martilla and James’s IPA technique. Findings – About 20 service attributes were educed from the qualitative stage. From these, four service factors emerged; being, academic, leisure, industry links and cost. Using IPA in a UK university, the findings suggest that the “academic” and “industry links” aspects of service quality are the most critical to postgraduates. The paper’s conclusions suggest that IPA is an appropriate tool for measuring service quality in postgraduate education. Practical implications – Through the application of the IPA framework presented in this research, practitioners can successfully identify areas of service priority and thus allocate appropriate resources to encourage continuous service improvement. Originality/value – This research provides a valuable insight into the service quality needs of the UK postgraduate segment and also a potential conceptual framework for policy makers to use when evaluating their service delivery.

Non-Resident Wine Tourist Markets

Summary This paper describes key travel traits of non-resident visitors to British Columbia's wine tourism destinations. It identifies Genera-list and Immersionist as being important segments of this market that merit particular attention in future destination management planning and marketing initiatives. It uses an importance-performance analysis framework to determine the key areas for management activity that need to be addressed in order to meet the travel product needs of each of these segments. The paper concludes by recommending a range of strategic initiatives that should be used by the wine industry and its tourism partners to elevate the appeal of BC wine destinations in the international marketplace. While specific to the

Revisiting importance–performance analysis

As a tool to develop marketing strategies, importance–performance analysis has gained popularity among hospitality and tourism researchers for its simplicity and ease of application. This article revisited several conceptual and methodological issues inherent, but often overlooked, in using the importance–performance analysis framework. The author conducts a critical review of past studies, reanalyzes published data to raise questions, and develops suggestions for future hospitality and tourism research applying importance–performance analysis. The primary goal of this article was to stimulate further discussion and research on the validity and reliability of widely adopted importance–performance analysis.

An Extended Application of Importance-Performance Analysis

This study, an application of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to local Mexican restaurants, shows how the original IPA can be extended to identify the strengths and weaknesses of individual restaurants in a competitive target marketplace. A survey was conducted with customers at two restaurants during a seven-day period. Results indicated that an extended IPA framework, which yielded six different market positions, provided an advantage over the original IPA method in that it analyzed and presented various market positions of the target restaurant and its competitors on the same IPA grid. Suggestions and implications of the extended IPA are developed for restaurant managers.