Importance Of Interoperability Research Articles

Implementation of Python Interoperability in Java through TCP Socket Communication

Programming language interoperability is highly desirable for a variety of reasons, such as the fact that if a programmer implements specific functionality that has previously been implemented in another language, the software component can simply be reused. Because they are particularly well-suited and efficient at implementing features, certain languages regularly arise to handle issue areas. There are numerous third-party programs available for a variety of languages. When programmers have experience with and preferences for several programming languages, collaboration on complex projects is easier. A range of techniques and methods have been used to handle various cross-language communication challenges. The importance of interoperability and cross-language communication between Java and Python via socket programming is examined in this research article through an empirical model of different execution environment paradigms that can help guide the development of improved approaches for integrating Python libraries with Java without the need for extra libraries or third-party libraries. The interoperability strategy benefits from the quality and availability of Python libraries in Java by cutting down on development time, maintenance needs, general usability, upkeep, and system integration without incurring additional costs. It is versatile to use this interoperability strategy since identical scripts are run in Java client contexts in the same way that they were used in Python. There are different Python modules used in the research article to exemplify and evaluate the expressions, built-in functions, strings, collections, data exploration, statistical data analysis using NumPy, SciPy, and Pandas, and Scikit-Learn for machine learning with linear regression.

STYLCONNECT Study: An Assessment of Automatic Data Collection Devices by People Living with Diabetes and Using an Insulin Pen.

The use of devices to connect insulin pens could facilitate management and improve glycaemic control in people with type 1 (PwT1D) and type 2 diabetes (PwT2D). However, their acceptance seems little studied. We conducted an online survey with the main objective of assessing the level of interest among insulin-treated people with diabetes (PwD) in a device connected to a disposable pen and secondary objectives of assessing the perceived benefits and important features expected of a connected device and identifying factors associated with interest scores. An ad-hoc questionnaire, validated by PwD, was used. Responses from 1798 PwD (975 PwT1D and 823 PwT2D) were analysed. The mean interest rating was 7.4/10 (PwT1D: 7.2 vs PwT2D: 7.7; p < 0.001). PwD perceived that the device would make it easier to record their diabetes-related information (7.7/10) and keep all insulin and diabetes data in a single location (7.7/10). It was particularly important for PwD that this type of device could integrate data from glucose-measuring devices (7.8/10) and could set an alarm when all insulin in the body had been metabolised (7.7/10). Our study highlighted PwD's strong interest in automating the collection of their insulin therapy data, with significantly more interest among PwT2D than PwT1D, and the importance of interoperability between glucose measurement devices and interchangeability between the different brands of insulin. More generally, for the first time and on a large scale, our study provided a greater understanding of the expectations of PwD regarding these devices.

Towards the realization of dynamically adaptable manufacturing automation systems.

The transition from traditional to truly smart dynamically adaptable manufacturing demands the adoption of a high degree of autonomy within automation systems, with resultant changes in the role of the human, in both the manufacturing and logistics functions within the factory. In the context of smart manufacturing, this paper describes research towards the realization of adaptable autonomous automation systems from both the control and information perspectives. Key facets of the approach taken at WMG are described in relation to human–machine interaction, autonomous approaches to assembly and intra-logistics, integration and dynamic system-wide optimization. The progression from simple distributed behavioural components towards autonomous functional entities is described. Effective systems integration and the importance of interoperability in the realization of more distributed and autonomous automation systems are discussed, so that operational information can propagate seamlessly, eliminating the traditional boundary between operational technology and information technology systems, and as an enabler for global knowledge collection, analysis and optimization.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems'.

The Importance of Interoperability in Functional Safety Standards

The Importance of Interoperability in Functional Safety Standards

Interfaces and Interoperability After Google v. Oracle

We address an important issue the Supreme Court left unaddressed this spring in its blockbuster Google v. Oracle decision: are computer interfaces copyrightable at all? We argue that they aren’t, and that the Federal Circuit's decision to the contrary is an aberration that should not undermine a quarter century of consensus on the importance of interoperability and open APIs. In our view, denying copyright protection for APIs and encouraging interoperability is important not only for innovation in the software world but for restoring competition to a technology industry dominated by a few incumbent firms.

A Picture is Worth 1,000 Words. The Use of Clinical Images in Electronic Medical Records.

To understand how clinicians utilize image uploading tools in a home grown electronic health records (EHR) system. A content analysis of patient notes containing non-radiological images from the EHR was conducted. Images from 4,000 random notes from July 1, 2009 - June 30, 2010 were reviewed and manually coded. Codes were assigned to four properties of the image: (1) image type, (2) role of image uploader (e.g. MD, NP, PA, RN), (3) practice type (e.g. internal medicine, dermatology, ophthalmology), and (4) image subject. 3,815 images from image-containing notes stored in the EHR were reviewed and manually coded. Of those images, 32.8% were clinical and 66.2% were non-clinical. The most common types of the clinical images were photographs (38.0%), diagrams (19.1%), and scanned documents (14.4%). MDs uploaded 67.9% of clinical images, followed by RNs with 10.2%, and genetic counselors with 6.8%. Dermatology (34.9%), ophthalmology (16.1%), and general surgery (10.8%) uploaded the most clinical images. The content of clinical images referencing body parts varied, with 49.8% of those images focusing on the head and neck region, 15.3% focusing on the thorax, and 13.8% focusing on the lower extremities. The diversity of image types, content, and uploaders within a home grown EHR system reflected the versatility and importance of the image uploading tool. Understanding how users utilize image uploading tools in a clinical setting highlights important considerations for designing better EHR tools and the importance of interoperability between EHR systems and other health technology.

The Importance of Interoperability: Lessons from the Digital Public Library of America

ABSTRACTThe Digital Public Library of America enables the discovery of digitized content held by the U.S. cultural heritage institutions by aggregating metadata contributed from participating organizations. Significant interoperability issues exist when gathering metadata at a national scale, which the Digital Public Library of America mitigates through use of its metadata application profile. In its latest release, the metadata application profile permits the storage of uniform resource identifiers, helping the Digital Public Library of America make the move to linked open data. This article examines these Digital Public Library of America developments through a case study of the Missouri Hub, which facilitates the aggregation of metadata from Missouri-based institutions into the Digital Public Library of America.

PKIS: practical keyword index search on cloud datacenter

Abstract This paper highlights the importance of the interoperability of the encrypted DB in terms of the characteristics of DB and efficient schemes. Although most prior researches have developed efficient algorithms under the provable security, they do not focus on the interoperability of the encrypted DB. In order to address this lack of practical aspects, we conduct two practical approaches--efficiency and group search in cloud datacenter. The process of this paper is as follows: first, we create two schemes of efficiency and group search--practical keyword index search--I and II; second, we define and analyze group search secrecy and keyword index search privacy in our schemes; third, we experiment on efficient performances over our proposed encrypted DB. As the result, we summarize two major results: (1)our proposed schemes can support a secure group search without re-encrypting all documents under the group-key update and (2)our experiments represent that our scheme is approximately 935 times faster than Golle's scheme and about 16 times faster than Song's scheme for 10,000 documents. Based on our experiments and results, this paper has the following contributions: (1) in the current cloud computing environments, our schemes provide practical, realistic, and secure solutions over the encrypted DB and (2) this paper identifies the importance of interoperability with database management system for designing efficient schemes.

SkyMouse: A smart interface for astronomical on-line resources and services

With the development of network and the World Wide Web (WWW), the Internet has been growing and changing dramatically. More and more on-line database systems and different kinds of services are available for astronomy research. How to help users find their way through the jungle of information services becomes an important challenge. Although astronomers have been aware of the importance of interoperability and introduced the concept of Virtual Observatory as a uniform environment for future astronomical on-line resources and services, transparent access to heterogeneous on-line information is still difficult. SkyMouse is a lightweight interface for distributed astronomical on-line resources and services, which is designed and developed by us, i.e., Chinese Virtual Observatory project. Taking advantage of screen word-capturing technology, different kinds of information systems can be queried through simple mouse actions, and results are returned in a uniform web page. SkyMouse is an easy to use application, aiming to show basic information or to create a comprehensive overview of a specific astronomical object. In this paper current status of on-line resources and services access is reviewed; system architecture, features and functions of SkyMouse are described; challenges for intelligent interface for on-line astronomical resources and services are discussed.

IMS interoperability and conformance aspects [IP Multimedia Systems (IMS) Infrastructure and Services

In this article, we take a closer look at interoperability and conformance aspects when using 3GPP IMS, ETSI TISPAN NGN, and related OMA service enablers. Considering the increasingly important role of 3GPP IMS within mobile and NGN (next generation network) contexts, we highlight the importance of interoperability and conformance testing of IMS products

Standard data models for interoperability of municipal infrastructure asset management systems

Efficient management of infrastructure assets depends largely on the ability to efficiently share, exchange, and manage asset life-cycle information. Although software tools are used to support almost every asset management process in municipalities, data exchange is mainly performed using paper-based or neutral file formats based on ad hoc proprietary data models. Interoperability of various asset management systems is crucial to support better management of infrastructure data and to improve the information flow between various work processes. Standard data models can be used to significantly improve the availability and consistency of asset data across different software systems, to integrate data across various disciplines, and to exchange information between various stakeholders. This paper surveys a number of data standards that might be used in implementing interoperable and integrated infrastructure asset management systems. The main requirements for standard data models are outlined, and the importance of interoperability from an asset management perspective is highlighted. The role that spatial data and geographic information systems (GIS) can play in enhancing the efficiency of managing asset life-cycle data is also discussed. An ongoing effort to develop a standard data model for sewer systems is presented, and an example implementation of interoperable GIS and hydraulic modeling software is discussed.Key words: data standards, municipal infrastructure, asset management, data models, interoperability.

A viable solution to enterprise development and systems integration: a case study of web services implementation

Web services technology provides small/medium enterprises (SMEs) with a new solution for systems integration. Large enterprises have realised the importance of interoperability through cost effective integration applications with their SME partners. These standardised applications provide interoperable and universal products and services for inter and intra-organisation e-business transactions. The article discusses issues and problems pertaining to enterprise systems integration and how web services can provide a universal framework that supports all distributed e-commerce solutions in the near future. A case study of how web services offer interoperable solutions to an insurance company is discussed.

Die Innovationstätigkeit der deutschen Softwareindustrie

In this article we present the results of two empirical studies focusing on the structure and extent of the innovation activities of the German Software Industry and analyze distinctive features of Software Innovations. We distinguish the activities of the primary (core) Software Industry and secondary industries such as Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Motor Industry and Telecommunications. A special focus is put on the question if innovations in Software are sequential, on the role of Open Source Software and the importance of interoperability.

Self‐jamming behavior: Joint interoperability, root causes, and thoughts on solutions

Interoperability is defined as “the ability of systems . to provide services to and accept services from other systems . and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” As the complexity of our warfighting systems continues to grow, the importance of interoperability between and among the services, especially at the joint force level, has increased. In situations in which joint interoperability is poor, the synthesis of complex information must be accomplished in the minds of the decision makers themselves. This phenomenon can be described as “self‐jamming behavior.” Although residual obstacles to solutions always will remain, the effectiveness of our military forces for the remainder of this new century depends directly on the success of the joint team in overcoming obstacles to interoperability—and eliminating all self‐jamming behavior.

Partnership for peace: The sine qua non for Irish participation in regional peacekeeping

The Irish government entered Partnership for Peace (PfP) in December 1999, five years after the Partnership was founded. This article seeks to demonstrate the reasons for that decision, and in particular to illustrate the importance for Ireland of participation in PfP, as a forum for preparing countries to participate in regional peacekeeping under NATO or the EU/WEU. Evidence to support the importance of PfP is drawn from the changing nature of peacekeeping and NATO involvement in this field, the involvement of the continental neutrals in PfP, the importance of interoperability through the Planning and Review Process (PARP) of PfP and the link between PARP and planning for EU crisis management missions. It is also argued that the preponderance of evidence about the value of PfP helped to overcome the domestic inertia in the Irish debate on PfP and neutrality. Membership has helped both to marginalize the issue of neutrality internationally and to highlight domestic constraints of personnel and equipment in view of Ireland's wish to play a role in European security structures.