Importance Of Electric Vehicles Research Articles

Electric mobility toward sustainable cities and road-freight logistics: A systematic review and future research directions

The importance of electric vehicles (EVs) lies in the fact that they are seen as a key solution to the climate change problem. In the last decade, this topic has received significant interest from the scientific community, contributing to publications in different areas. However, the existing literature is fragmented, and efforts have not been made to categorize and analyze it from a freight logistics perspective. This work aims to fill this gap by presenting a systematic literature review (SLR) of the potential impacts of EVs on sustainable road-freight transport operations, including in urban areas. We reviewed 237 peer-reviewed articles for bibliometric and literature classification analysis, whereby 119 articles were subsequently studied for content analysis and research gaps related to sustainability approaches. The bibliometric analysis showed significant growth in the body of research in the past two years, reflected in the number of journal papers, authors, and references. In the literature and keywords analysis, we identified five main categories and research areas: economic and competitive aspects, city logistics, environmental sustainability, vehicle fleet operations, and infrastructure and technology. In addition, this paper revealed eight key research gaps for future research: multimodal integration, long-haul and heavy-duty truck approaches, emerging economies, business models, social factors, charging infrastructure inclusion, and fleet replacement policies. These findings can enlighten researchers and practitioners toward sustainable research and real-life applications of electromobility in freight logistics.

Assessing the Impacts of Electric Vehicle Penetration in Curaçao’s Power Network

Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained considerable attention in the last decade due to a paradigm shift in the transport sector driven by a higher awareness of environmental issues. While the importance of EVs cannot be overstated in the context of the global climate crisis, it does raise the question of whether certain countries or states are ready for their implementation. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze the impact of EVs in the power grids of these countries and states, considering factors such as line congestion and the eventual degradation of voltage profiles, to determine their hosting capacity and assess eventual expansion options. This paper proposes a representative prototype of Curaçao’s electrical system, which is used for assessing the impacts of EVs, allowing us to determine its hosting capacity. Curaçao is an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that uses fuel generators, wind energy, and solar energy to generate electricity. The idea behind this paper is to analyze the effects caused by an increase in EVs on Curaçao’s power grid and propose preventive measures to deal with such problems. Eight EV charging stations were considered, one DC super fast-charging station, three normal DC fast-charging stations, and four AC fast-charging stations. In 2022, there were an estimated 82,360 vehicles on the island. Using this information, this paper analyzes how many vehicles can be simultaneously connected to the grid before it no longer operates under acceptable values. The results showed that 3.5% of the total vehicles can be hosted by the grid. Nonetheless, this can be increased up to 4.5% with the reinforcement of a transmission line.

Importance of Electric Vehicles and Challenges

Importance of Electric Vehicles and Challenges

Comparative analysis of positive output super lift DC-DC luo converters

<p>Due to the advancement in the semiconductor technologies, DC-DC converters are gaining the importance in several industrial applications. They form the core of the switched mode power supplies which are used in real time applications. The performance of the conventional converter is affected by the parasitic elements and their voltage gain is also limited. To improve upon this, Super lift converters converter were developed by Luo. Voltage lift technique increases the voltage in geometric progression .These super lift converter are classified as positive output and negative output which are further classified into different series. In this paper series of Positive output Super lift converter topologies are analyzed. The proportional –integral controller is employed to theses converter in the paper. These converters boost the voltage up to three times the input voltage and gaining importance in Electric vehicles and Solar powered applications. The simulations are carried in PSIM.</p>

Influence of speed-related auditory feedback on braking in a 3D-driving simulator

Although discrete auditory stimuli have been found useful for emergency braking, the role of continuous speed-related auditory feedback has not been investigated yet. This point may though be of importance in electric vehicles in which acoustic cues are drastically changed. The present study addressed this question through two experiments. In experiment 1, 12 usual drivers were exposed to naturalistic auditory feedback mimicking those issued from electric cars, while facing dynamic visual scenes in a 3D driving simulator. After being passively travelled up to a sustained constant speed, subjects had to stop their car in front of a traffic light that unexpectedly turned to red. Modifications of the speed-related auditory feedback did not impact braking initiation and regulation. In experiment 2, synthesized auditory feedback based on the Shepard-Risset glissando was provided to a new sample of 15 usual drivers in the same task. Pitch variations of this acoustic stimulus, although not scaled to an absolute speed, were manipulated as a function of visual speed changes. Changing the mapping between pitch variations of the synthesized auditory feedback and visual speed changes induced adjustments on braking which depended on acceleration/deceleration feedback. These findings stressed the importance of the acoustic content and its dynamics for car speed control.

Analysis and prediction of the discharge characteristics of the lithium–ion battery based on the Grey system theory

The capacity/state-of-charge (SoC) and voltage of lithium-ion batteries are of prime importance in electric vehicles (EVs), so their condition-monitoring techniques are extensively studied. This study focuses on the application of the grey system theory to the parameters analysing and predicting behaviour during the discharge/charge cycles of the battery. First, Grey relation analysis is applied to study and analyse the relationship between capacity/SoC and various influencing factors. Second, the segment Grey prediction model is proposed in order to test and improve the accuracy of the capacity/SoC prediction. Finally, based on the ageing data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Prognostics Data Repository, the effects of different Grey theory models, such as the GM(1,1), the Verhulst model and the segment Grey prediction model, are investigated. The results show that: (i) the GRA is efficient in figuring out the relationship between the capacity/SoC and various influencing factors; (ii) the segment Grey prediction model is an effective mode of prediction for EV batteries, because its accuracy is more reliable than other two Grey models; and (iii) the segment Grey prediction model is suitable for predicting the capacity/SoC of batteries under various loading conditions.

Review of Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor Basic Drives Based on Analysis and Simulation Study

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors and their drives have been increasingly considered in a broad range of applications due to their significant features. The implementation of these motors is possible thanks to firstly, the progress of permanent-magnet (PM) technologies which provide high efficiency, power density, and torque for these motors. Secondly, the structure and special features of these motors have prepared a basis for simpler control and smaller size compared to those with the same power. In this paper, the basic drives of BLDC motors have been reviewed in order to provide a useful reference for primary research in conventional methods of these types of motors. To present a proper insight to various drive techniques in these motors a systematic classification to control strategies with principles of these techniques has been made. In addition, computer simulations have been utilized in order to achieve a more accurate evaluation, provide the possibility of comparative analysis between various strategies, and place emphasis on the constraints and features of each method. Apart from the comparison of different methods of each strategy, a general comparison among the different methods of various strategies has been made based on the torque ripple, analysis of frequency, and losses of the BLDC motor drive as well as various applications of the different controlling methods. Moreover, considering the importance of electric vehicles (EVs) in industry, selection of the best controlling method for this type of applications together with energy regeneration has been discussed.