Importance Of Background Knowledge Research Articles

Importance of Background Knowledge in Covid-related Internet Memes

2020 was the most challenging year of our lives so far: Covid-19 was our enemy; it was everywhere, on each and every continent, except Antarctica. We were living in a dystopian world and could not see any way out. Besides isolating ourselves and wearing masks everywhere, we had no means to protect ourselves and our loved ones. The only way to stay in touch with our peers and loved ones were our phones and the internet. The internet connected us to people all over the world, we were not alone, we shared feelings and we shared memes. Internet memes were the easiest genre of communication as they expressed so much in such a short time: with only two clicks (copy and paste) we were able to share it with all the people we wanted to.
 Our research focuses on the analysis of conceptual metaphors found in Internet memes during the Covid-19 pandemic in order to better understand what kept a lot of the people sane during those days.

ГЛЮТОНІМИ-СИМВОЛИ ТЕМПОРАТИВНОГО ЦИКЛУ «УКРАЇНСЬКА ВЕСНЯНА ОБРЯДОВІСТЬ»

In the article «Gluttonims-symbols of temporative cycle» Ukrainian spring folk-calendarian ceremonialism» S. Rudenko considers lingual and conceptual symbiosis of nutrition sphere nominations and sign-oriented time lines, which are the form of expressing deep world outlook ideas of Ukrainians. It is emphasized that nutritional symbols manifest common idea of the event, personifying the situation in general, and stressing he importance of background knowledge and cultural competence. The purpose of the proposed study is to examine the connection between glutonim-linguistic signs of the food picture of the world with a wide spectrum of expression plan (from word to text) and the content plan (the translation of cultural information, background, concepts, connotations, etc.) on the basis of the Ukrainian ethnolinguistic discourse, – meaningful cultural symbols, and temporatives nominating certain time intervals of spring folk-calendar rituals. The author analyzes semantics of the linguistic signs, conceptually related to the semantics of food consumption / refusal of food, which fi ll such terminals as the duration of food intake during one meal; multiplicity of food intakes during the day; intervals between individual meals; the order of food consumption within a single meal; duration of cooking; culturally preconditioned time parameters of food consumption: daily, weekly, family-ritual, calendar-ritual, church-ritual; special calendar periods, etc.

Two stage algorithm vs commonly used approaches for the suspect screening of complex environmental samples analyzed via liquid chromatography high resolution time of flight mass spectroscopy: A test study

LC–HR–QTOF–MS recently has become a commonly used approach for the analysis of complex samples. However, identification of small organic molecules in complex samples with the highest level of confidence is a challenging task. Here we report on the implementation of a two stage algorithm for LC–HR–QTOF–MS datasets. We compared the performances of the two stage algorithm, implemented via NIVA_MZ_Analyzer™, with two commonly used approaches (i.e. feature detection and XIC peak picking, implemented via UNIFI by Waters and TASQ by Bruker, respectively) for the suspect analysis of four influent wastewater samples. We first evaluated the cross platform compatibility of LC–HR–QTOF–MS datasets generated via instruments from two different manufacturers (i.e. Waters and Bruker). Our data showed that with an appropriate spectral weighting function the spectra recorded by the two tested instruments are comparable for our analytes. As a consequence, we were able to perform full spectral comparison between the data generated via the two studied instruments. Four extracts of wastewater influent were analyzed for 89 analytes, thus 356 detection cases. The analytes were divided into 158 detection cases of artificial suspect analytes (i.e. verified by target analysis) and 198 true suspects. The two stage algorithm resulted in a zero rate of false positive detection, based on the artificial suspect analytes while producing a rate of false negative detection of 0.12. For the conventional approaches, the rates of false positive detection varied between 0.06 for UNIFI and 0.15 for TASQ. The rates of false negative detection for these methods ranged between 0.07 for TASQ and 0.09 for UNIFI. The effect of background signal complexity on the two stage algorithm was evaluated through the generation of a synthetic signal. We further discuss the boundaries of applicability of the two stage algorithm. The importance of background knowledge and experience in evaluating the reliability of results during the suspect screening was evaluated.

Challenging Background Knowledge Within Children's Literature

Research on literacy emphasizes the importance of background knowledge in enhancing reading comprehension. Using several children's books that require well-developed background knowledge for optimal understanding and appreciation as examples, the author suggests ways teachers can support students in developing their background knowledge during independent reading. It is expected that such knowledge would enable students to become aware of the important details that contribute to or extend their understanding of a narrative, while appreciating the craft of authorship. As readers' comprehension improves, so should their enjoyment of the process and subject of reading.

A Range of Considerations and Perspectives on Interpreting: Metzger, M. & Fleetwood, E. (Eds.). (2007). Translation, Sociolinguistic, and Consumer Issues in Interpreting. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press. 226 pages. Hardcover.

This volume is the third in a series on sign language interpreting. The previous two volumes have dealt with emerging research on interpretation and the challenges faced by interpreters. In this book, the authors explore three sets of considerations for interpreters: (a) translation considerations, (b) sociolinguistic considerations, and (c) consumer considerations. Each of the three parts of the book is comprised of two chapters: the first chapter in Part 1 is an exploration of how to incorporate English idioms into a signed language interpretation. The unique challenge for signed language interpreters identified by Santiago and Barrick is that while there is a ‘‘rich assortment’’ of idioms in English, there are relatively few in signed languages (American Sign Language in this context), which creates difficulties in achieving equivalence in meaning and form when interpreting these ‘‘idiosyncratic’’ elements of language. The second chapter of Part 1 engages in an intriguing discussion of how interpreters can maintain impartiality in a higher education classroom in which semantics and pragmatics are introduced. The theoretical viewpoint of Leeson and Foley-Cave focuses on the linguistic decision-making processes interpreters engage in and the importance of background knowledge of the topic and the presenter. Part 2 begins with an examination of code switch

Reading Strategies for the Business Foreign Language Class

ABSTRECT Explicit instruction in reading comprehension has not been an important element of the Business Foreign Language course. This paper argues that teaching students how to read newspapers and magazines in the target language can prepare them to make an important contribution to their future employers.Current principles of reading pedagogy are examined, including pre‐reading activities, schema theory, the importance of background knowledge, and post‐reading activities. Concrete examples are provided of how those ideas can be applied in the Business Foreign Language classroom.

The Importance of Background Knowledge in Building for the Future

The Importance of Background Knowledge in Building for the Future