Background: Despite advances in stroke care, many patients do not receive recommended care processes. Quality indicator (QI) reporting programs, like GWTG-Stroke, have been shown to improve care. We sought to determine whether training plus QI feedback was more effective than QI feedback alone in improving two stroke QIs. Methods: We conducted a cluster randomized trial in 11 VA hospitals. Sites were randomized to a quality improvement training program plus QI feedback vs. QI feedback alone to improve DVT prophylaxis and dysphagia screening. Intervention sites received face-to-face training, developed individualized improvement plans, and had 6 months of post-training facilitation. Both groups received monthly QI feedback. Eligibility and passing for the two stroke QIs, plus nine other stroke QIs, was determined by centralized chart review. We compared pre-intervention (pre-I) to post-intervention (post-I) performance on the two stroke QIs and on defect-free care (DF, a binary patient-level variable including all QIs) in intervention vs. control sites. We constructed logistic models of the two QIs and DF care, adjusting for patient variables, time, intervention group, and time-group interaction. Results: The five intervention sites had 1147 admissions and the six control sites had 1017 admissions during the study period. DVT prophylaxis was similar pre-I (85% vs. 90%) and improved in both groups (post-I rates 90% intervention and 94% control, ratio of ORs 0.89, p = 0.75). Dysphagia screening was higher pre-I in intervention sites (51% vs. 37%), and improved more in the control sites (post-I 56% and 52%, ratio of ORs 0.67, p=0.04). In logistic models, DVT, Dysphagia, and DF performance were associated with baseline performance and post-I time. Dysphagia performance was also associated with NIHSS and time-group interaction, and DF care was also associated with the presence of a baseline data collection program. Conclusion: Quality improvement training did not add to the impact of data feedback in sites already motivated to participate in QI initiatives. Defect-free stroke care is associated with an ongoing stroke data collection program, emphasizing the importance of audit and feedback to achieve the highest quality stroke care.