Importance Of Appropriate Choice Research Articles

FORMATE DEHYDROGENASE: FROM NAD(P)H REGENERATION TO THE TARGET IN PATHOGENS BIOFILMS, A COMPONENT OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT HYBRID BIOCATALYSTS AND CO2 FIXATION FROM THE ATMOSPHERE

NAD(P)+ -dependent formate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.2, FDH) catalyzes the simple from chemical and biological point of view reaction of formate ion oxidation to carbon dioxide with corresponding reduction of NAD(P)+ to NAD(P) H. Advances in the life sciences have shown that this reaction plays an extremely important role in a wide variety of organisms. The areas and types of practical applications of FDH are also permanently expanding. In this review we considered the main stages in the development of understanding and knowledge about the role of formate dehydrogenase in living systems. Achievements in creation of highly effi cient catalysts based on FDH for classic biotechnology as well as for new areas are also considered. The importance of appropriate choice of the initial FDH for the creation of a biocatalyst with the required and prescribed properties with minimal costs is shown. The prospects for the use of FDH for the fixation of CO2 are discussed.

Effect of macromolecular crowding on protein oxidation: Consequences on the rate, extent and oxidation pathways

Biological systems are heterogeneous and crowded environments. Such packed milieus are expected to modulate reactions both inside and outside the cell, including protein oxidation. In this work, we explored the effect of macromolecular crowding on the rate and extent of oxidation of Trp and Tyr, in free amino acids, peptides and proteins. These species were chosen as they are readily oxidized and contribute to damage propagation. Dextran was employed as an inert crowding agent, as this polymer decreases the fraction of volume available to other (macro)molecules. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that dextran enhanced the rate of oxidation of free Trp, and peptide Trp, elicited by AAPH-derived peroxyl radicals. For free Trp, the rates of oxidation were 15.0 ± 2.1 and 30.5 ± 3.4 μM min−1 without and with dextran (60 mg mL−1) respectively. Significant increases were also detected for peptide-incorporated Trp. Dextran increased the extent of Trp consumption (up to 2-fold) and induced short chain reactions. In contrast, Tyr oxidation was not affected by the presence of dextran. Studies on proteins, using SDS-PAGE and LC-MS, indicated that oxidation was also affected by crowding, with enhanced amino acid loss (45% for casein), chain reactions and altered extents of oligomer formation. The overall effects of dextran-mediated crowding were however dependent on the protein structure. Overall, these data indicate that molecular crowding, as commonly encountered in biological systems affect the rates, and extents of oxidation, and particularly of Trp residues, illustrating the importance of appropriate choice of in vitro systems to study biological oxidations.

8. The immune response of two separate polymer spinal interbody device materials

8. The immune response of two separate polymer spinal interbody device materials

Evaluation of tree measurements after the reconstruction of tree-row system in five narrow streets of Debrecen

Viable urban environment is largely dependent on the size, condition and distribution of urban green spaces within and around cities. Treerows in streets are one of the most essential elements of urban green spaces. The aim of this study was to evaluate tree taxa compositions and lifespan values of trees in tree-row system with special reference to five narrow streets (Garai, Jókai, Tanító, Csokonai and Zsák) of Debrecen. Tree numbers, tree taxa and the origin of tree taxa were determined in two years (2009 and 2017). As a next step, six selected taxa (Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer', Acer tataricum, Sorbus intermedia 'Browseri', Magnolia kobus, Acer platanoides 'Olmsted', and Crataegus x lavalleei 'Carrierei') were further estimated for the following lifespan parameters: i) trunk diameter (cm), ii) tree crown size (m), iii) trunk status (in 0–5 grades), iv) tree crown status (in 0–5 grades), v) estimated tree viability (in 0–5 grades), and vi) tree value in Ft. Our results showed that the numbers of tree taxa were 9 and 11 in 2009 and 2017 as well as an overall 279 and 282 trees were evaluated in 2009 and in 2017, respectively. More than 60% of the trees were native or similar to native taxa. The largest and the lowest trunk diameters were achieved for Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' and for Acer tataricum, respectively. The largest and the lowest tree crown diameters were achieved for Acer platanoides ’Olmsted’ and for Magnolia kobus, respectively. The best and the worst trunk statuses by 2017 were achieved for Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' and for Crataegus x lavalleei, respectively. The best and the worst tree crown statuses by 2017 were achieved for Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' and for Acer tataricum, respectively. The best estimated tree viability status was achieved for Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' and for Acer platanoides. Overall tree values were 2.73 times higher in 2017 compared to 2009. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrated the importance of appropriate choice of tree taxa for an establishment of tree-row system in narrow street conditions.

Metrics for individual differences in EEG response to cognitive workload: Optimizing performance prediction

Robert Stelmack's distinguished contributions to differential psychology demonstrated the importance of appropriate choice of electroencephalographic (EEG) metrics, and of establishing the functional significance of EEG. This article reports a study of individual differences in EEG that developed these themes. 150 participants performed two signal detection tasks, requiring threat and change detection, in a complex, simulated operational environment. EEG was recorded together with subjective stress and additional psychophysiological workload measures. Results showed that five different absolute-level and reactivity EEG metrics differed in psychometric properties, including correlations with subjective stress and task performance. Prediction of performance was optimized with a multivariate model that included subjective stress, heart rate variability, and eye fixation duration, as well as baseline EEG measures. Findings point to the need for more sophisticated interpretation of EEG metrics in individual differences research.

SET kinetics of electrochemical metallization cells: influence of counter-electrodes in SiO2/Ag based systems

The counter-electrode material in resistively switching electrochemical metallization cells (ECMs) is a crucial factor influencing the nucleation of conductive filaments, the equilibrium electrode potentials, and kinetics in the devices, and hence the overall switching characteristics. Here, we demonstrate the influence of the counter-electrode (CE) material on the SET events and the importance of appropriate choice and combination of materials. The counter-electrode material influences the counter-electrode processes at the CE/insulator interface and consequently determines the metal ion concentration in the cells. We measured the switching kinetics for SiO2/Ag based ECM cells using different counter-electrode materials with different electrocatalytic activities towards water reduction, namely platinum, ruthenium, and iridium oxide, as well as titanium nitride and tantalum. The experimental results are fitted using a physical simulation model and are analysed for the limiting factors for fast SET kinetics.

THE TURNAROUND STRATEGY AND COURSES OFACTION OF COMPANIES IN THE CRISIS

As the title of this paper indicates, this research is focused on the issue of recovery of companies in the crisis and a decline of business activity, with the possibility of applying the turnаround strategy. The paper is aimed to present and describe the approach to corporate management and strategic courses of action in terms of crisis, in order to improve the organization in a particular situation.In a concise way, authors are striving to provide an explanation to the managers about the importance of appropriate choice of corporate strategic courses of action for the concept of making the most acceptable model of business strategy in the crisis. Having in mind several aspects, it is tried to observe the turnаround strategy as companies’ reaction to the decline in business performances caused by the negative effects of the recession.

Who's really hypertensive? – Quality control issues in the assessment of blood pressure for randomized trials

The characterization of blood pressure in treatment trials assessing the benefits of blood pressure lowering regimens is a critical factor for the appropriate interpretation of study results. With numerous operators involved in the measurement of blood pressure in many thousands of patients being screened for entry into clinical trials, it is essential that operators follow pre‐defined measurement protocols involving multiple measurements and standardized techniques. Blood pressure measurement protocols have been developed by international societies and emphasize the importance of appropriate choice of cuff size, identification of Korotkoff sounds, and digit preference. Training of operators and auditing of blood pressure measurement may assist in reducing the operator‐related errors in measurement. This paper describes the quality control activities adopted for the screening stage of the 2nd Australian National Blood Pressure Study (ANBP2). ANBP2 is cardiovascular outcome trial of the treatment of hypertension in the elderly that was conducted entirely in general practices in Australia. A total of 54 288 subjects were screened; 3688 previously untreated subjects were identified as having blood pressure >140/90 mmHg at the initial screening visit, 898 (24%) were not eligible for study entry after two further visits due to the elevated reading not being sustained. For both systolic and diastolic blood pressure recording, observed digit preference fell within 7 percentage points of the expected frequency. Protocol adherence, in terms of the required minimum blood pressure difference between the last two successive recordings, was 99.8%. These data suggest that adherence to blood pressure recording protocols and elimination of digit preferences can be achieved through appropriate training programs and quality control activities in large multi‐centre community‐based trials in general practice. Repeated blood pressure measurement prior to initial diagnosis and study entry is essential to appropriately characterize hypertension in these elderly patients.

Frontal Sinus Obliteration

Osteoplastic frontal sinusotomy with obliteration was popularized by Goodale and Montgomery in the 1950s and has been considered the gold standard procedure for the surgical management of frontal sinus disease for many years. However, with advancements in functional endoscopic sinus surgery since the mid 1980s, the role of this operation has been questioned. Goodale and Montgomery in 1958 and Hardy and Montgomery in their subsequent review article describe the results of osteoplastic frontal sinusotomy with fat obliteration in 250 patients. Abnormalities included chronic frontal rhinosinusitis, frontal sinus mucocele, frontal sinus fractures, and complicated acute frontal rhinosinusitis. Patients were evaluated clinically using plain radiography and early-generation computed tomography. In the last 20 years numerous articles have been written about the endoscopic management of frontal sinus disease. Technology and instrumentation have advanced to the point that the frontal sinus can be accessed successfully and with minimal morbidity via transnasal endoscopic approaches. The purpose of this article is to examine the role of osteoplastic frontal sinusotomy with obliteration as the treatment of frontal sinus abnormality in an age of minimally invasive functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The pros and cons of this procedure will be presented, and reasonable indications will be outlined. A comprehensive description of anatomy is beyond the scope of this article. However, a brief review of frontal sinus anatomy is useful to understand the anatomic effects of inflammatory disease processes and the importance of appropriate choice of surgical approach to the frontal sinus. Unfortunately, the term nasofrontal duct continues to appear in the literature when in fact no such duct exists anatomically. Early anatomists recognized this long before the endoscopic era. The drainage from the frontal sinus is variable and at times difficult to ascertain, even with mutliplanar imaging, but most simplistically can be thought of in terms of the “frontal sinus outflow tract” (FSOT). The FSOT resembles an hourglass on sagittal view and includes the frontal sinus infundibulum, frontal sinus ostium, and frontal recess. Each of these areas can be affected by the varied pneumatization patterns of the ethmoid sinus, and each, if compromised, can lead to obstruction of outflow from the frontal sinus and secondary inflammatory disease. For example, an osteoma in the frontal sinus infundibulum may eventually obstruct outflow from the frontal sinus. The patient may develop a mucocele, mucopyocele, acute frontal rhinosinusitis with osteomyelitis (Pott puffy tumor), or chronic frontal rhinosinusitis. A large obstructing agger nasi cell or type I/II frontal cell can lead to the same scenarios by obstructing the frontal recess. In each of these clinical situations, however, the problem is not with the frontal sinus primarily but with obstruction of drainage within the FSOT.