Importance Of Micro Research Articles

Spatial patterns and drivers of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) within and across Indonesian cities: Evidence from highly granular data

The importance of micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) for economies and livelihood is widely recognized, especially in emerging economies. However, there are scarcely any studies on their spatial determinants, particularly in Indonesia, where MSMEs account for more than 95 % of enterprises. This paper aims to assess the spatial drivers of MSMEs within and between Indonesian cities using multilevel modeling techniques that incorporate district (n=98) and nested village-level (n=4995) spatial units. The study's findings have implications for policy interventions, suggesting the need to enhance infrastructure and digital connectivity, promote employment accessibility, and consider planning mechanisms to influence MSMEs' spatial configuration.

Penerapan Sistem Pencatatan Keuangan Pada UMKM Donat Bunda Al Di Surabaya

This research discusses the importance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Indonesian economy, especially in creating jobs, increasing national income, and reducing unemployment and poverty. Despite their significant contribution, MSMEs often face obstacles in financial management, especially in effective financial recording and reporting. As a case study, this research focuses on Bunda Al's donut business in Surabaya which is experiencing challenges in financial recording due to the business owner's lack of understanding about accounting. This research aims to identify ways to improve the financial management of MSMEs through basic accounting training and the use of simple accounting systems such as Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets. The main focus includes practices to manage finances in a healthy and sustainable manner, including recording daily transactions, preparing necessary financial reports, and ensuring the accuracy of financial reports. The research method involved interviews with MSME owners and descriptive analysis to characterize the data. The results showed that effective financial management starts with the selection of quality raw materials and accurate recording of daily transactions. Businesses are advised to expand their financial statements to include balance sheets and cash flows for a more complete financial picture. This research is expected to provide practical guidance for MSMEs in improving their financial management, as well as encourage the effective application of accounting principles. Thus, improving the quality of accounting records is expected to contribute to innovation in accounting science and its application among MSMEs.

Household chaos and child problem behaviors: A cross-cultural examination of the mediating and moderating role of mindful parenting.

Household chaos has been shown to adversely associate with children's behavioral adjustment. However, the mechanism underlying the relationship between household chaos and children's behaviors is not yet fully understood. The current study proposes mindful parenting as an important mediating and moderating factor in the relationship between household chaos and child problem behaviors. This study also examines cultural influences in this process, comparing the UK and Türkiye, considering both mothers' and children's perspectives on mindful parenting. Cross-sectional questionnaires were administered to mothers and their children aged 11-16 years in the UK (n = 90; 53.3% girl) and Türkiye (n = 154; 54.5% girl) in 2021. Mother reports of the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, as well as mother and child reports of Mindful Parenting Inventories for Parents (MPIP) and Children (MPIC), were used to assess household chaos, child problem behaviors, and mindful parenting, respectively. Multiple-group path analysis revealed that household chaos was a significant indirect predictor of child problem behaviors via mindful parenting in both countries. Furthermore, simple slopes analysis showed that mindful parenting moderated the link between household chaos and child problem behaviors in the UK. Overall, our study sheds light on the importance of micro- and macro-environmental factors and their interactions in children's adjustment.

Analysis of the Importance and Performance of Cost Information in Pricing Decisions in Ready-to-Eat Food Retail MSE in Vitória-ES

Currently, decision-making is the major challenge for managers in the day-to-day operations of the company. It depends on various factors to be assertive and achieve positive results. We can say that pricing has become one of the fundamental decisions to be made. With that said, this work aimed to examine the relationship between the importance attributed and the effective knowledge of cost information for decision-making in setting prices in Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) of ready-to-eat foods in Vitória-ES, from the perspective of managers. To do this, the methodology adopted was through quantitative methods and bibliographic research, based on the daily reality of small and medium-sized enterprises. We can analyze through raw data, collected with the help of standardized tools and a specific target audience. Firstly, the work presents a brief account of the importance of micro and small retail companies of ready-to-eat foods for the economy, the importance of cost accounting in pricing, and the conceptualization of the Slack Matrix used in the analysis of the raw results obtained, followed by the methodology and interpretation of the data collected from the managers.

Coupled open innovation and dynamic capabilities: Their effect on low-tech micro and small firms’ innovation

This study examines the impact of coupled open innovation and dynamic capabilities processes on innovation performance. A Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis on data from surveying a quota sample of 213 Tanzanian Micro and Small Furniture Industries (MSFIs) reveals that dynamic capabilities form sequential processes mediating the significantly positive effect of coupled open innovation on innovation performance. These findings underscore the synergy between dynamic capabilities and open innovation perspectives, emphasizing the importance for micro and small business managers and policymakers to cultivate complementary sets of dynamic capabilities for the effective realization of innovation performance

The Importance of MSMEs for Poverty Alleviation: A Story from Indonesia

Objective: This study examines poverty in Indonesia from an economic approach and discusses the importance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). It focused on the impact of these enterprises on poverty in the country. Methodology: The analysis incorporated an autoregressive model wherein total workers in MSMEs and economic growth rate as explanatory variables. Annual time series data for the period of 2007-2019 has been used. The study also reviews the earlier empirical studies on the relationship between the growth of MSMEs and poverty alleviation in many other countries/regions. It represents the descriptive analysis of the explanatory variables and trends in poverty and MSMEs’ workforce. The poverty-reducing impact of the increase in MSMEs’ workers has been examined. Findings: The result is significant which implies that MSMEs can play a very important role in poverty alleviation in Indonesia. The results of the study imply that a strong MSME base is required for the development of the economy and poverty alleviation in the country. Noverlty: There are many studies regarding MSMEs in Indonesia. However, empirical research regarding the impact of the growth of employment opportunities in MSMEs on poverty levels in Indonesia is still very rare. Therefore, this research fills this gap and at the same time stimulates further research.

Non-trivial solutions and their stability in a two-degree-of-freedom Mathieu–Duffing system

The Mathieu–Duffing equation represents a basic form for a parametrically excited system with cubic nonlinearities. In multi-degree-of-freedom systems, parametric resonances and the associated limit cycles take place at both principal and combination resonance frequencies. Furthermore, using asynchronous parametric excitation of coupling terms leads to a broadband destabilization of the trivial solution and the appearance of limit cycles at non-resonant frequencies. Regarding applications, the utilization of this excitation method has its significant importance in micro- and nanosystems. On the one hand, cubic nonlinearities are found to be abundant in these systems. On the other hand, parametric excitation is preferably utilized in these systems for better amplification leading to an enhanced sensitivity and for squeezing thermal noise, and thus, proved to be significantly useful in mechanical, optical and microwave systems. Therefore, this theoretical investigation should be of relevant importance to those small-scaled systems. Accordingly, a general two-degree-of-freedom Mathieu–Duffing system is studied. The non-trivial solutions are obtained at different parametric resonance conditions. A bifurcation analysis is carried out using the multiple scales method, followed by investigating the effect of the asynchronous parametric excitation on the existence of limit cycles at resonant and non-resonant frequencies.

PROCESSING INDUSTRY AS A STRATEGIC DIRECTION OF UKRAINIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The article examines the processing industry as a strategic direction of the general economic development of the Ukrainian economy. The study analyzed the efficiency of not only the processing industry, but also the industrial sector as a whole. In particular, it was found that the total industrial GDP of Ukraine, determined by the production method, in 2021 amounted to UAH 1,111,762 million, of which 50.42%, or UAH 560,527 million, belonged to enterprises in the processing sector. At the same time, among all sectors of the economy, the specific weight of the processing industry in the GDP for 2021 is 10.28%. This makes processing production one of the key types of economic activity of the national economy of Ukraine, and, accordingly, defines it as strategically important for improving the socio-economic well-being of the population.
 The authors paid special attention to highlighting the importance of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) for the development of the processing industry of Ukraine. MSMEs account for more than 99% of the number of business entities in the studied production area, and therefore, strengthening the competitiveness of enterprises of these types will have a positive impact on the overall growth of the Ukrainian economy.
 The next stage of the research focused on the analysis of the productivity of the processing industry of the European Union. The dominance of the studied industry among other sectors of the EU industry was established. Germany and France can be called leaders in the processing sphere among European countries, while Poland lags significantly behind them in terms of added value.
 Ukraine is an active candidate for joining the European Union.Thus, in addition to the adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to European standards, it is also necessary to increase the level of efficiency of the enterprises of the processing industry. In this case, it is important to strengthen the competitiveness of Ukrainian industrial products on the European market with the aim of constantly increasing the volume of exports of Ukrainian industrial goods to European countries. The authors found out that the balance of foreign trade turnover of Ukraine in 2022 as a result of trade with the EU amounted to 1.8 billion dollars.

Constraints to Growth Transition of Micro Enterprises into Small Enterprises in Kisii County, Kenya

This study intends to explore the constraints facing entrepreneurs in the micro enterprises sector. Micro enterprises play a significant role in the country’s economy. Many countries in the world have realized the importance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and therefore are working to improve their performance and competitiveness. In Kenya, MSEs cut across all sectors of the country’s economy and provide one of the most prolific sources of employment not to mention the breeding ground for small, medium and larger industries, which are critical for industrialization today. These enterprises are found in every corner of Kenya and they have great potential for creating a variety of jobs, while generating widespread economic benefits. It is in the light of the above that the study is designed to establish the challenges facing growth of microenterprise. The study was a descriptive study and was limited to Kisii County, Kenya. Questionnaires were used for data collection and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data obtained. In view of the findings as well as the conclusion deduced from the study some recommendations were made.F irstly, the study suggests that institutional support should be extended to the MSE sector to help build capacity of the owners/Managers as far as strategic planning is concerned. The recently created MSE Authority in Kenya should urgently provide this support as stipulated in the MSE Act of 2012. Secondly, the MSE owners/managers through their associations should encourage networking amongst its members in order to learn best practices which include developing strategic plans.The development partners in their efforts to spur entrepreneurship in Kenya should support programs that will create awareness and attitude change among entrepreneurs as to the benefits of strategic planning in business

Linking Supply Chain Management Practices of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises to Customer Relationship Management Objectives: A Proposed Framework

Highlighting the importance of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) for economic development and growth, and the appearance of their supply chain vulnerability due to the pandemic attack. Thus, the aim of this research is to propose a framework linking the supply chain management practices (SCMPs) of MSMEs to CRM objectives for the purpose of improving MSMEs’ operational performance. This article conducted a systematic review of all available publications from two prominent databases (WoS and Scopus) through PRISMA guidelines to explore the relationship between variables upon which the theoretical framework will be identified. Followed by semi-structured interviews with MSMEs’ eco-system stakeholders to validate the proposed framework using content analysis based on NVivo software. The findings revealed the relationship between SCMPs and CRM objectives through MSMEs’ operational performance, and a set of indicators has been determined for each variable, upon which a theoretical framework has been developed. Moreover, content analysis for interviews validates the key determinants for SCMPs, operational performance, customer satisfaction, and loyalty for MSMEs, upon which a proposed framework has been developed. This research provides a framework that can be used by academics and practitioners to assess the impact of SCMPs on CRM objectives through improving MSMEs’ operational performance and corrective action for MSMEs’ procedures.

Kesadaran Hukum Pengusaha UMKM dalam Pendaftaran Merek Dagang di Kemenkumham Kota Jambi

Trademarks as part of the intellectual property rights protected by Indonesia, provided that the mark must be registered in advance with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia. Trademark rights serve as a differentiator and identity for a business, one of which is micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), but in reality the legal awareness of MSME entrepreneurs is still relatively low. The formulation of the problem in this study are: 1) What is a trademark and what is its importance for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)? What causes the low interest of MSME entrepreneurs in registering trademarks at the Jambi City Ministry of Law and Human Rights? 3) How are the efforts being made to increase the legal awareness of MSME entrepreneurs in registering? The research method used is empirical juridical with interview techniques. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the low legal awareness of MSME entrepreneurs to register trademarks caused by various factors/causes, the biggest one is the the lack legal awareness of MSME entrepreneurs.

Drivers of business model innovation in micro and small enterprises: evidence from Egypt as an emerging economy

Despite its recognition as a resilience strategy, there is a scarcity of research on business model innovation (BMI) in micro and small enterprises in emerging economies. Business model innovation drivers in micro and small enterprises may differ from those in large firms in developed economies. In micro and small businesses, BMI is determined by the dynamic capabilities of the business, as well as the ability of the business owner to reconfigure and exploit its resources in a way that creates market value. This is one of few studies that connects the concepts of social capital and market orientation to explain business model innovation and its consequences in a turbulent business environment. This study investigates the impact of managerial ties, business owner market orientation and perceived environmental uncertainty as drivers to BMI. Also, it investigates the effect of BMI on business performance. The results of analyzing the responses of 426 micro and small enterprises by Smart PLS 3.3 show that business model innovation mediates the relationship between business ties and business performance. Surprisingly, the results proved that micro and small business owners adopting reactive market orientation, contribute to BMI more than those adopting proactive market orientation. The findings emphasize the importance of micro and small business owner in driving BMI. This study ensures that BMI is a function of how resources can be deployed and configured dynamically to generate value.

Review Paper: Residual Stresses in Deposited Thin-Film Material Layers for Micro- and Nano-Systems Manufacturing.

This review paper covers a topic of significant importance in micro- and nano-systems development and manufacturing, specifically the residual stresses in deposited thin-film material layers and methods to control or mitigate their impact on device behavior. A residual stress is defined as the presence of a state of stress in a thin-film material layer without any externally applied forces wherein the residual stress can be compressive or tensile. While many material properties of deposited thin-film layers are dependent on the specific processing conditions, the residual stress often exhibits the most variability. It is not uncommon for residual stresses in deposited thin-film layers to vary over extremely large ranges of values (100% percent or more) and even exhibit changes in the sign of the stress state. Residual stresses in deposited layers are known to be highly dependent on a number of factors including: processing conditions used during the deposition; type of material system (thin-films and substrate materials); and other processing steps performed after the thin-film layer has been deposited, particularly those involving exposure to elevated temperatures. The origins of residual stress can involve a number of complex and interrelated factors. As a consequence, there is still no generally applicable theory to predict residual stresses in thin-films. Hence, device designers usually do not have sufficient information about the residual stresses values when they perform the device design. Obviously, this is a far less than ideal situation. The impact of this is micro- and nano-systems device development takes longer, is considerably more expensive, and presents higher risk levels. The outline of this paper is as follows: a discussion of the origins of residual stresses in deposited thin-film layers is given, followed by an example demonstrating the impact on device behavior. This is followed by a review of thin-film deposition methods outlining the process parameters known to affect the resultant residual stress in the deposited layers. Then, a review of the reported methods used to measure residual stresses in thin-films are described. A review of some of the literature to illustrate the level of variations in residual stresses depending on processing conditions is then provided. Methods which can be used to control the stresses and mitigate the impact of residual stresses in micro- and nano-systems device design and fabrication are then covered, followed by some recent development of interest.

Drug Deliery for Micro-/Nanorobots: Progress and Challenges

Abstract: Due to micro-/nanorobots having several propulsion mechanisms, drug delivery through micro/nanorobots is moving to the forefront of nanomedical research. However, low biocompatibility and low imaging efficiency have become major obstacles in the further development of micro- /nanorobots. This article firstly introduces the application of micro-/nanorobots in the field of nanomedicine in recent years, expresses the importance of micro-/nanorobots in terms of nanomedicine, and then summarizes and compares several propulsion mechanisms. The improvement and optimization of the preparation methodologies and structures in terms of micro-/nanorobots are also reviewed. The imaging effect and biocompatibility of micro-/nanorobots have been improved to the extent that it is suitable for clinical medicine while ensuring the efficiency of drug delivery. Then, the advantages of different propulsion mechanisms, imaging effects, and biocompatibility are compared. The aim of the review is to enable people of various knowledge backgrounds to learn directly and choose suitable modified methods based on realistic situations. Finally, future development trends and further prospects of micro-/nanorobots are discussed.

MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES ACCESS TO FINANCE CONSTRAINTS IN ETHIOPIA: DEMAND SIDE ANALYSIS

Despite the immense importance of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to job creation and the alleviation of abject poverty, significant numbers of MSMEs cannot realize their full potential because of limited access to finance and other factors, mostly in developing countries. The study investigates micro, small and medium enterprises' access to finance constraints in Ethiopia from a demand-side perspective. This study employed a descriptive analysis using survey data collected from 814 randomly selected sample enterprises. The results show that about 76% of the MSMEs were established by initial capital majorly generated from their own savings, family or friends, Equub, and saving and credit cooperatives among others. The remaining 24% accessed their initial capital from formal financial institutions. From the total, 39.4% of MSMEs did not apply for loans due to high collateral requirements, complex application procedures, unfavorable interest rates, insufficient loan size, maturity, and grace period, and lack of transparency. The study results also reveal that 22%, 46%, and 32% of the MSMEs are partially credit constrained, fully credit constrained, and non-credit constrained, respectively. The difference between the average demand and the loan supplied is estimated to be 3241, 11444, and 30949 USD for each micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise, respectively. The total estimated finance gap for all MSMEs is 31.7 billion USD. The findings of this study suggest the establishment of public credit guarantee schemes, cash flow-based lending, and psychometric testing for credit scoring and automating the MFIs' services to improve MSMEs' access to finance.

Influences of post-implementation factors on the sustainability, sustainment, and intra-organizational spread of complex interventions

BackgroundComplex interventions are increasingly applied to healthcare problems. Understanding of post-implementation sustainment, sustainability, and spread of interventions is limited. We examine these phenomena for a complex quality improvement initiative led by care aides in 7 care homes (long-term care homes) in Manitoba, Canada. We report on factors influencing these phenomena two years after implementation.MethodsData were collected in 2019 via small group interviews with unit- and care home-level managers (n = 11) from 6 of the 7 homes using the intervention. Interview participants discussed post-implementation factors that influenced continuing or abandoning core intervention elements (processes, behaviors) and key intervention benefits (outcomes, impact). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed with thematic analysis.ResultsSustainment of core elements and sustainability of key benefits were observed in 5 of the 6 participating care homes. Intra-unit intervention spread occurred in 3 of 6 homes. Factors influencing sustainment, sustainability, and spread related to intervention teams, unit and care home, and the long-term care system.ConclusionsOur findings contribute understanding on the importance of micro-, meso-, and macro-level factors to sustainability of key benefits and sustainment of some core processes. Inter-unit spread relates exclusively to meso-level factors of observability and practice change institutionalization. Interventions should be developed with post-implementation sustainability in mind and measures taken to protect against influences such as workforce instability and competing internal and external demands. Design should anticipate need to adapt interventions to strengthen post-implementation traction.

Indian MSMEs amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: Firm Characteristics and Access to Finance

The importance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in economic development and their access to finance post-COVID-19 has been highlighted in this study. The availability of finance is a critical factor for MSMEs to flourish, and they are mostly severely affected by the economic recession. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how the firm-specific factors such as Location, Industry, Size, Age, Ownership, Collaterals, and Business information affect their access to finance in India. This study used a survey to collect primary data from 200 MSMEs in India. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results show that firms with collateral, larger and older firms, and private limited firms are less likely to face problems in raising finance, while service firms are more likely to face problems in raising finance. The results from this study will add to the understanding of the financing problems faced by MSMEs in India. The study recommends that firm attributes are important for accessing finance and help policymakers and researchers develop new strategies and policies to support the financing of MSMEs in India.
 
 Received: 23 September 2021 / Accepted: 7 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

Systematic Study of Micro Air-Jet Engine

In this paper we are going to review about small scale Micro-Jet engine and this study is based on various research articles and available data in public domain (Open Access) on Internet. We have performed a detail study on some well-known research papers in this field and has depicted the importance of Micro and Mini turbine engines in detail. We have mentioned the engine specifications and some of the basic characteristics of Micro-Jet engines and had performed a comparison-based study with various Micro sized turbine/Jet engines available in market today. Also, a specification-based comparison is made between those Micro Jet engines with real sized Jet Engine. We have discussed about various advantages and uses of such small-scale Jet engines in various research institutes in today’s world. Such Micro sized Jet engines are used in Institutes and Universities for performing experiments to teach students in a more practical manner, rather than theoretical way. The use of these Jet engines in the defence industry is also discussed in this paper in detail. Keywords: Jet Engine, Micro-Turbine engine, Specific Fuel Consumption, Propulsion, Aircrafts.

A qualitative study on the effect of access to finance on the growth motivation of micro-and small enterprise owners in the Philippines

The importance of micro- and small enterprises in economic development has been acknowledged as a vital factor in the global economy. However, in spite of the dominance of micro and small enterprises in the industry, the stagnation of these small businesses has remained a source of contention in many countries. Access to finance is one important aspect in determining the growth motivation of micro-and small enterprise owners. Even though external finance may present a opportunity for expansion, it appears to have impeded the growth and upgrading of micro and small enterprises. The goal of this study is to determine whether the experiences in obtaining external financing had an impact on the growth motivation of the owners. A qualitative study was conducted to discover the factors that influence business owners' motivation to expand and upgrade the size of their business category. The study's findings has emerged the motivating drivers that influences the growth motivation of the owners. Based on the result of the study, access to finance rationalizes the stagnation and survival mentalities of micro and small business owners.

Directional manipulation of diffusio-osmosis flow by design of solute-wall and solvent-wall interactions

Understanding of diffusio-osmosis, the flow induced by a solute gradient acting in narrow interfacial layers at a nanoscale solid-liquid interface, is of great value in view of the increasing importance of micro- and nano-fluidic devices and self-propelling particles. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we employ an appropriate strategy for direct simulation of diffusio-osmosis flows, mimicking a realistic experiment without any assumed external forces. It allows us to obtain reliable flow details, which are hard to obtain in experiments. We found that the solvent-wall interaction, previously overlooked in the classical paradigm, plays a critical role in the diffusio-osmosis process. In particular, diffusio-osmosis is controlled by the interaction difference between the solute-wall and solvent-wall. When the solute-wall interaction is stronger (weaker) than the solvent-wall, a surface excess (depletion) of solute particles on the solid-liquid interface is formed, which induces diffusio-osmosis flow towards a low (high) concentration. We modified the classical Derjaguin expression to include the effect of nanoscale hydrodynamics boundary conditions for the accurate prediction of diffusio-osmosis characteristics. Overall, our results provide clear guidance for controlling fluid flow and manipulating the motion of colloids under tunable solute concentrations.