Implications For Mentoring Research Articles

MENTORING INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGNERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A NEEDS ASSESSMENT

This study benchmarked the mentoring needs of instructional design (ID) professionals working within a broad range of institution types across higher education. Data from 65 participants was collected using a needs assessment survey. ID respondents categorized 27 discrete mentoring needs into high, medium, and low priorities. Statistical analyses revealed communication skills as the highest mentoring need, while scholarly research and publication was the lowest. Years of career experience, team format, and team size were factors that distinguished the mentoring needs of IDs. The mentoring needs of IDs with between 3–7 years of experience significantly differed from their novice and senior colleagues as they strived to advance their careers. Implications for mentors, mentees, and institutions are discussed.

Being Essential and Feeling Expendable: Black Female Clinicians’ Narratives About Working in the U.S. During Dual Pandemics

<i>Historically and in the present day, Black women’s positionality in the U.S. has paradoxically situated them in a society where they are both intrinsically essential and treated as expendable. This positionality, known as gendered racism, manifests commonly in professional environments and results in myriad harms. In response, Black women have developed, honed, and practiced a range of coping styles to mitigate the insidious effects of gendered racism. While often effective in the short-term, these techniques frequently complicate Black women’s well-being. For Black female clinicians who experience gendered racism and work on the frontlines of community mental health, myriad bio-psycho-social-spiritual harms compound. This project provided an opportunity for Black female clinicians from across the U.S. to share their experiences during the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and anti-Black violence. I conducted in-depth interviews with clinicians (n=14) between the ages of 30 and 58. Using the Listening Guide voice-centered approach to data generation and analysis, I identified four voices to help answer this project’s central question: How do you experience being a Black female clinician in the U.S.? The voices of self, pride, vigilance, and mediating narrated the complex ways participants experienced their workplaces. This complexity seemed to be context-specific, depending on whether the clinicians worked in predominantly White workplaces (PWW), a mix of PWW and private practice, or private practice exclusively. Participants who worked only in PWW experienced the greatest stress, oppression, and burnout risk, while participants who worked exclusively in private practice reported more joy, more authenticity, and more job satisfaction. These findings have implications for mentoring, supporting, and retaining Black female clinicians.</i>

"In the back of my mind": A Longitudinal Multiple Case Study Analysis of Successful Black Women Biomedical Graduate Students Navigating Gendered Racism.

Black women in graduate school can experience stress due to blatant and subtle acts of gendered racism. However, we do not know how such stressors are navigated over time among those who successfully complete their PhDs. The current study used a Black feminist thought framework and narrative analysis to conduct a longitudinal exploration of how three successful Black women biomedical graduate students make sense of and respond to gendered racism they experienced and the coping strategies they employ as they persist. When interacting with others, the women experienced low expectations and doubts about being legitimate scientists. These experiences contributed to feelings of isolation, impacted their networking opportunities, and dampened their view of the desirability of an academic career postgraduation. Over time, their coping strategies for dealing with negative racial and gendered racial stereotypes and biases shifted from opting to "prove others wrong" or working harder, to leaning on their social networks for camaraderie and advice as well as choosing to not exert energy to form a response. Implications for mentoring and mentoring programs at the graduate level and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics programming are discussed.

Doctoral students’ publication and editorial feedback experiences: A phenomenological inquiry

AbstractWe explored 12 doctoral students’ experiences with research and publication, including the editorial feedback process. Findings highlight the university's research climate/culture, the training strategies employed, critical learning experiences, support and resources, and doctoral students’ meaning‐making of their experience. Implications for mentoring, training conditions, and professional writing orientation strategies are provided.

Ethical Implications for Mentoring and the Discipline of Nursing.

The discipline of nursing is at a crossroads following the pandemic as scores of both budding and seasoned scholars and practitioners have left the discipline of nursing. Lower numbers of experienced nurses are entering into doctoral programs of nursing, especially PhD programs. A mentoring model is needed to guide and retain budding scholars of the discipline. The author of this article presents the humanbecoming mentorship model. It will be used to illustrate ethical straight-thinking implications for the future of the discipline of nursing.

Effect of conflict‐outcomes: moderating role of psychosocial mentoring and emotional intelligence

Based on the perspective of emotions, this study examines the moderating role of psychosocial mentoring and emotional intelligence (EI) on the impact of task/relationship conflict on outcomes. We collect data of 206 employees from diverse industries in Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of China. Results show that psychosocial mentoring reduces the negative influence of task/relationship conflict to OCB, but this moderating effect is not significant for turnover intentions. EI has no moderating effect on the task/relationship conflict‐OCB relationships. However, EI can reduce the negative influence of relationship conflict on employees’ turnover intentions. This EI moderating effect is not significant for the influence of task conflict on turnover intentions. Implications for mentoring and EI are discussed.

Developing Professional Identity and Ethos through Research and Practice in Initial Teacher Education: The USW ITE Partnership Approach

Reform of the education sector in Wales has given university-school partnerships of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) in Wales much to grapple with conceptually and practically, in order to design new programmes of ITE that can attract national-level accreditation in line with the recommendations made by Professor John Furlong in 2015. These reforms have required a system-wide rethink of ITE, based on a philosophy for new provision. This article outlines an approach to ITE inspired by the work of Lee Shulman (2005) who argued that teacher education should prioritise the acquisition of three habits, corresponding to the 'what' the 'so what' and finally the 'who' of teaching, namely an understanding of one's professional identity, ethos and character. We describe a pedagogical model for embedding these principles in ITE, based on the work of Parker, Patton and O'Sullivan (2016). Finally, we consider the implications for mentors and lecturers, noting in particular the need to see all members of the ITE partnership as learners, both to ensure effective role models for beginning teachers, and also to remain faithful to the principle laid down in social development theory (Vygotsky, 1978) that learning is interactive and symbiotic.

Mentoring support and protégé creativity: examining the moderating roles of job dissatisfaction and Chinese traditionality

This study examines the relationship between mentoring support and protégé creativity in ongoing mentoring relationships. Protégés’ job dissatisfaction and Chinese traditionality are identified as conditions under which the positive mentoring‐creativity relationship can be intensified in Chinese cultural settings. Based on data collected from 301 mentoring pairs, we found that mentoring support positively related to protégé creativity. Consistent with our predictions, protégé job dissatisfaction and Chinese traditionality both strengthened the positive relationship between mentoring support and protégé creativity. Furthermore, the positive relationship was strongest for protégés reporting high levels of dissatisfaction and Chinese traditionality. Implications for mentoring and protégé creativity are discussed.

Supporting a pre-service English language teacher's self-determined development

In this qualitative case study, we follow the development of an initially struggling pre-service teacher (PST) on an under-resourced teacher education programme in order to understand the interplay between her cognitions, emotions and motivation on one hand, and the mentoring she received, on the other. We found that the PST made progress despite the not always suitable mentoring approaches employed, conceivably because her self-determined development was primarily guided by her own developmental needs, rather than the mentoring strategies put in place. Implications for mentors are to ‘meet’ their mentees where they are, using elicitation-based mentoring formats to avoid judgementoring.

Mentoring at-risk middle school students to reduce communication apprehension

Research has demonstrated the efficacy of mentoring at-risk students in a number of fields from physical education to math and science. While separate research has found that many at-risk students lack effective communication skills, little research has explored the potential of communication mentoring in improving at-risk students’ communication efficacy. In our study, we examined the effectiveness of communication majors in a senior capstone course mentoring at-risk middle school students. Mentors were assigned a protégé and were required to design a curriculum targeting specific communication apprehension concerns identified in each student and implement the curriculum over a 10-week period. Analysis of self-reported communication apprehension scores showed at-risk students prior to mentoring reported higher than average levels of communication apprehension. After mentoring, they reported statistically significantly lower levels of communication apprehension. The implications for mentoring, at-risk students, and improved middle school communication education are considered.

Faculty of Color in Higher Education: Exploring the Intersections of Identity, Impostorship, and Internalized Racism

Mentoring for faculty of color is critical given their underrepresentation in American colleges and universities. However, the ways in which faculty of color internalize racialized oppression and how it affects their success remains understudied. In this manuscript, the authors juxtapose a literature synthesis concerning faculty of color against a critical review of impostorship theory and impostor syndrome as these phenomena are found to contribute to disparate success trends among marginalized groups in higher education. More specifically, the authors discuss the ways impostor syndrome is shaped among faculty of color and how this disorder is potentially reproduced through their relationships with students in postsecondary education. The authors conclude with implications for mentoring and developing faculty of color, proffering new ways of thinking about relevant frameworks and approaches.

Lessons learned from a career in clinical research: Implications for mentoring and career development.

Lessons learned from a career in clinical research: Implications for mentoring and career development.

Interaction of gender, mentoring, and power distance on career attainment: A cross-cultural comparison

This article examines how demographics (gender) and cultural values (power distance) differentially moderate the relationship between mentoring (mentor presence) and career attainment (compensation and organizational position) among 390 managers and professionals in two contrasting cultures (Taiwan versus the USA). The four-way interaction of gender x mentor x power distance x country was significant for both dependent variables, supporting our hypotheses based on theories of power distance and gender egalitarianism. In hierarchical cultures such as Taiwan’s, mentored women with high power distance reported higher career returns than did mentored women with low power distance. In contrast, in egalitarian cultures such as the USA’s, mentored women with low power distance reported higher career returns than did mentored women with high power distance. Our findings demonstrate variation in mentoring outcomes, not just across, but also within, cultures for men and women. We discuss results along with implications for mentoring and cross-cultural theory, research, and practice.

The Induction and Mentoring of New Teachers in Portugal: Contradictions, Needs and Opportunities

In this article, policy and research on teacher induction in Portugal are examined. The lack of a formal induction system (despite recognition of its relevance in legal policy documents) and the mismatch between national regulations and practice are also discussed. The authors argue the need for a coherent and sustained induction and support system, drawing on empirical research carried out in Portugal according to two main themes: 1. images of the teaching profession: the balance between conservatism and innovation, and 2. the experience of teaching: implications for mentoring. A number of key issues and questions are identified taking into account the transition period currently underway in the Portuguese context especially as far as teachers' careers are concerned, with implications for induction and mentoring.

A Case for Mentor Challenge? The Problem of Learning to Teach Post-16

This article investigates a tension in mentoring in secondary Initial Teacher Training (ITT) in England and Wales. Neither the ITT Standards nor the literature clarify which mentor strategies can be effective in the particular domain of the post-16 classroom. A case study was conducted on a sample of distance learning Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) students and their mentors as the former learned to teach post-16. Five research instruments were developed and used iteratively to generate qualitative data. This revealed that ITT mentoring is inconsistent in relation to post-16 teaching. While some mentor support was given, opportunities presented for challenge were not taken up. The results illuminate the need for more effective models of post-16 mentoring in ITT, including the use of challenge alongside support. The conclusions have implications for mentors in secondary ITT, and will be a source of help for student teachers.

Producing the evidence: Science teachers' initiations into practical work

The quantity, quality and fitness for purpose of much school practical work has come in for some criticism. This paper reports on questionnaire and interview studies with trainee science teachers. The study examined the reasons and justifications that teachers give for the way in which they conduct practical work. The particular focus is on counter-normative behaviour and what the behaviour indicates about the status of empirical work and the purpose of evidence in science classrooms. The questionnaire was completed by 40 trainee teachers. The analysis of the questionnaire determined the number of teachers who had produced results fraudulently either on their own initiative or had been initiated into it by experienced teachers and/or laboratory technicians. From the questionnaire we were able to select a small sample who we interviewed in order to unpack further the questionnaire responses. In discussing our data, a case for the re-evaluation of practical work in science education will be made and it will be argued that science teacher behaviour is best understood anthropologically. Possible implications for mentoring and school based training are mentioned briefly.

The Role of School Mentors — some messages from training in other professions

Abstract In recent years, the University of Liverpool has undertaken extensive research and development on work‐based learning across a range of academic disciplines, notably with Departments heavily involved in training for the professions. This paper considers this work and finds strong parallels between the experience gained the findings of recent research at Liverpool on school‐ based teacher training. In particular, the paper considers one issue ‐‐ that of progression, focusing on the changing needs of learners when on extended work placement and identifying implications for mentors. The paper concludes that much can be learned by those responsible for teacher training from the experience gained in other professions.