Implementation Of Blockchain Technology Research Articles

Analysis of research on the implementation of Blockchain technologies in regional electoral processes

Implementation of Blockchain technologies in online voting system is becoming increasingly popular in modern society and has significantly efficiency in governance. This article explores how Blockchain technologies can boost government operations, making them more transparent and effective. It focuses on an in-depth analysis of current research and methods on Blockchain-based electronic voting systems. The aim of this study is investigated and analysis the potential contributions of Blockchain technology to e-voting by drawing insights from global best practices. According to literature review and case studies of Blockchain implementation in government are conducted to identify existing systems and methods of e-voting, identifying their strengths and weaknesses by analyzing European countries and preparing the ground for future alternatives. Additionally, it examined the role of public education in fostering trust and understanding of Blockchain technology and analyzed the legislative landscape in neighboring jurisdictions to solidify Blockchain’s role in decision-making processes. The results of the study provide a comprehensive perspective, and the findings emphasize the relevance of the study, its contribution to understanding the problems and prospects of introducing Blockchain into electoral processes at the regional level.

Exploring on Cloud Security Landscapes:A Comprehensive Review

Nowadays, the massive growth of data and the adoption of the cloud-based architecture indicate that the secure storage of data is a very essential issue. Cloud storage is the solution to convenient, scalable and cost-effective storage, yet security issues persist, especially regarding the protection of sensitive information. The encryption plays a vital role in which data is made unreadable and only accessible by those with the proper authorization. This helps in data management and minimizes data leaks. Shared responsibility in cloud security entails collaboration between the operators and users through the encryption strategy and a number of security measures to protect the data, apps, and infrastructure. This paper deals with the different cryptographic techniques and technologies used for improving cloud security. It discusses the notion of Non-Deterministic Cryptographic Scheme (NCS), which is a secure technique that effectively utilizes randomness in cryptographic algorithms. Regarding the Intel architecture compatibility, SGX and blockchain technology implementation not only ensures data immutability, but it also strengthens the data against cyber threats. SGX produces secure compartments inside cloud platforms, while blockchain makes data integrity possible through decentralized and immutable ledger technology. The research gives an impression of the seaside and multi sided cloud security. Involving encryption, access control, data loss prevention, and intrusion detection systems. Technologies of cryptography like Group Key Based Attribute Encryption (GKBAE) and Modified Random Fibonacci Cryptography (MRFC) offers both data protection and reduced resource requirement in clouds. GKBAE enables fine-grained access control and attribute-based encryption that ensures high data security without any additional computation. In addition, the paper also talks about the privacy-preserving technology, and policy-oriented access control framework. Techniques like Linear Elliptical Curve Digital Signature (LECDS) that combine digital signatures with blockchain technologies can also be used to implement the above features. To sum up, the changing scenario of cloud security requires ceaseless innovation and application of the latest cryptographic methods. Through encryption, hardware level security features and distributed ledger technology implementation, data environment is more strengthened and vulnerabilities to hacking, data leakage, and unauthorized access are decreased. Making use of the modern security tools not only does the data safety but also is responsible for the trustworthiness and stability of the cloud computing infrastructure. Keywords— Cloud Security, Encryption, Data Protection, Non-Deterministic Cryptographic Scheme (NCS), Intel SGX, Blockchain, Group Key Based Attribute Encryption (GKBAE), Modified Random Fibonacci Cryptography (MRFC), Data Confidentiality.

Security aspects in the implementation of blockchain in payment gateway transactions in Ecuador

This paper explores the security aspects involved in implementing blockchain technology in payment gateway transactions within the Ecuadorian context. Blockchain technology offers numerous security benefits such as data security, immutability, decentralization, authentication, and transparency. These features contribute to enhancing the overall security and trustworthiness of payment transactions. The decentralized nature of blockchain reduces the risk of cyber attacks targeting centralized servers, while its immutability ensures the integrity of transactions. Additionally, authentication mechanisms such as digital signatures and smart contracts help ensure that only authorized parties can participate in and validate transactions. Furthermore, blockchain’s transparency facilitates auditing and compliance with financial regulations. This paper discusses how leveraging blockchain technology can significantly improve security in payment gateway transactions in Ecuador and provides insights into the potential challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation.

Challenges in adopting blockchain technology in supply chain management: a too far fetched idea?

PurposeRecent technological advancements, often linked to Industry 4.0, require organizations to be more agile and innovative. Blockchain technology (BT) holds immense potential in driving organizations to achieve efficiency and transparency in supply chains. However, there exist some insurmountable challenges associated with the adoption of BT in organizational supply chains (SC). This paper attempts to categorically identify and systematize the most influential challenges in the implementation of BT in SC.Design/methodology/approachThis study resorts to an extensive literature review and consultations with experts in the field of supply chain management (SCM), information technology and academia to identify, categorize and prioritize the major challenges using VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) and Combined Compromise Solution method (CoCoSo).FindingsThe top three classes of challenges revealed in this study are privacy challenges (PC), infrastructure challenges (IC) and transparency challenges (TC). Maintaining a balance between data openness and secrecy and rectification of incorrect/erroneous input are the top two challenges in the PC category, integration of BT with sustainable practices and ensuring legitimacy are the top two challenges in the IC category, and proper and correct information sharing in organizations was the top most challenge in the TC category.Originality/valueFuture scholars and industry professionals will be guided by the importance of the challenges identified in this study to develop an economical and logical approach for integrating BT to increase the efficiency and outcome of supply chains across several industrial sectors.

Blockchain to blockchange? NFTs and DIY entrepreneurship in music production

Recently, developments in blockchain technology have shaken up the creative industries. Especially in the visual arts, NFT trade gained traction. Yet, musicians have also experimented with implementing blockchain technology. Most notably during the COVID-19 pandemic, the sales of NFTs were thought to compensate for some of the income loss caused by restrictions on live music. This paper explores why musicians engaged with blockchain technology, specifically by selling their music as NFTs, and how they perceive this affected their income, work practices and business models. Building upon 14 interviews with musicians who have sold their songs as NFTs, we highlight two main motivations for selling music NFTs: commercial autonomy from gatekeepers and platforms, and artistic autonomy. Financial gains were less prevalent and often remained obscured in respondents’ discourses. Above all, this research shows that pursuing autonomy and authenticity remains key for musicians, regardless of their appetite for new financial-technological innovations.

Distributed Ledger Approach BlockChain- Based Integrated EHR: A Ethereum Smart Contract Method

Blockchain, on the other hand, is a groundbreaking technology that provides a distributed and Decentralized environment in which nodes in a list of networks can connect to each other without the need for a central authority. It has the potential to overcome the limits of Electronic Health Record (EHR) management and create a more secure, Decentralized, and safer environment for exchanging EHR data. Further, blockchain is a distributed ledger on which data can be stored and shared in a cryptographically secure, validated, and mutually agreed-upon manner across all mining nodes. The blockchain stores data with a high level of integrity and robustness, and it cannot be altered. Electronic health records (EHRs) are digitally saved health records that provide information about a person’s health. EHRs are generally shared among healthcare stakeholders, and thus are susceptible to power failures, data misuse, a lack of privacy, security, and an audit trail, among other problems. The aim of our proposed framework is firstly to implement blockchain technology for EHR and secondly to provide secure storage of electronic records by defining granular access rules for the users of the proposed framework. Moreover, this framework also discusses the scalability problem faced by the blockchain technology in general via use of off-chain storage of the records. This framework provides the EHR system with the benefits of having a scalable, secure and integral blockchain-based solution.

SECUREMEDS: BLOCKCHAIN PROTECTION FOR DRUG CHANNELS

The World Health Organisation (WHO) highlights the global threat of medicine counterfeiting, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where 10% of drugs may be counterfeit or of inferior quality, hence creating serious health hazards to the general public. Because there are shortages of necessary medications during illness outbreaks, this problem gets worse. Fighting this issue requires increased public awareness campaigns, improved pharmaceutical accessibility, and international cooperation Our goal is to create a strong framework for monitoring pharmaceuticals at every stage of the supply chain—manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and government agencies such as the FDA. A tamper-proof and easily traceable supply chain can be ensured by implementing blockchain technology and using transparent contractual arrangements. Furthermore, cutting-edge techniques like smart contracts made possible by Ganache and Ethereum improve supply chain integrity. Verification codes are sent via email to strengthen authentication processes and provide an additional degree of protection. Moreover, batch number hashing is secured by SHA encryption, guaranteeing complete protection during the distribution process. Global pharmaceutical safety and efficacy are guaranteed by this all-encompassing strategy.. . Keywords— Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Counterfeit Medications Blockchain Technology FDA (Food and Drug Administration).

Implementation of Blockchain Technology on Accounting Information System For Transaction Security and Data Reliability

This research discusses the impact of blockchain technology on accounting information systems, with a focus on transaction security and data reliability. Blockchain, as an innovation in the digital world, promises significant improvements in security, transparency, and decentralization. Despite offering potential benefits, the implementation of blockchain in accounting information systems is still limited, with challenges involving high costs, lack of regulations, and data security concerns. In Indonesia, limited resources and digital literacy are key factors in overcoming these limitations. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach because it aims to gain a deeper understanding. The qualitative approach allows researchers to analyze data, understand contexts, and formulate meaning from the information found. Data sources in this study were obtained from primary sources such as interviews and secondary data obtained from document studies. Interviews were conducted with participants knowledgeable about implementing blockchain in accounting information systems. The data collection process identified that blockchain can improve transaction security and data reliability in accounting information systems. However, scalability and integration with existing infrastructure pose challenges. Digital literacy awareness and infrastructure preparedness are identified as key factors for the successful implementation of blockchain technology in the accounting context. This research is expected to provide insights and recommendations for the development of blockchain technology and accounting information systems in the future. The implications of this research are that by implementing blockchain technology in accounting information systems, it can improve the quality of accounting information in companies and increase the long-term value of the company.

Blockchain technology for supply chain traceability: A game-theoretic analysis between e-platforms.

In view of the rapid development and application of blockchain technology, this paper considers a secondary supply chain system consisting of a single upstream supplier and a downstream e-tailer that implements blockchain technology and a traditional e-tailer that does not implement blockchain technology. We establish the demand function of two channels based on consumers' sensitivity to the blockchain and use the Stackelberg game model to compare and analyse the e-tailers' profits from the two channels. For the basic properties, interestingly, we find that there exists a critical threshold on the cost sensitivity to effort that helps each e-tailer decide whether to implement effort. If the cost sensitivity to effort is high, the two-sided e-tailers will reduce their effort as much as possible to obtain greater profits. Conversely, if the cost sensitivity to effort is low, they will increase their effort to obtain more benefits. We also discuss the role of blockchain technology in competition between e-tailers and analyse the impact of the product brand effect brought by the traceability characteristic of blockchain on the competition between e-tailers. To check the robustness of the core results and to investigate different forms of supply chain configurations, this paper further develops the analysis of the supplier entering agency agreements with two-sided e-tailers. Under this scenario, the supplier sells their products directly to consumers through two-sided e-platforms and shares revenue with e-tailers as platform agency fees. These core ideas remain valid in the extended model.

Integrating smart Green Product Platforming for carbon footprint reduction: The role of blockchain technology and stakeholders influence within the agri-food supply chain

This study explores the integration of Blockchain Technology (BCT) with Green Product Platforming (GPP) in the agri-food industry, addressing the gap in empirical evidence about BCT's effective contribution to enhancing carbon and the economic performance of supply chains. It aims to analyze the impact of BCT-enabled GPP on reducing the carbon footprint and enhancing economic performance in the agri-food sector. In the agri-food sector, BCT-enabled platforms are emerging as critical methods. These platforms are characterized by their assortment of consistent modules and interfaces, adept at efficiently producing and digitally delivering diverse green products. The research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to examine the interplay of BCT as a digital technology and GPP and the significant role of stakeholders' stress in driving the effectiveness of BCT-enabled GPP, exploring the conditions of its positive impact on carbon and economic performance. The findings indicate the importance of aligning GPP initiatives with stakeholder expectations and leveraging BCT to navigate and capitalize on stakeholder pressures for improved carbon and economic performance. Highlighting actionable insights, this research offers a roadmap for agri-food managers to harness technological advancements to meet the dual objectives of sustainability and competitive advantage. Therefore, the paper presents a nuanced analysis of how BCT-enabled GPP can revolutionize the agri-food industry toward a more sustainable and efficient future. The study acknowledges limitations, notably, the variability in BCT implementation across the agri-food sector and the need for ongoing evaluation due to blockchain's evolving nature. Future research should explore BCT's diverse applications in agri-food contexts and its scalability within complex supply chains.

Information Sharing in Land Registration Using Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain

Blockchain technology is increasingly being recognized for its pivotal role in enhancing security, immutability, and transparency across government sectors, notably in land registration (LR) processes. This research emphasizes the need for contextually adapted blockchain technology solutions, particularly in resource-constrained and culturally diverse settings. Utilizing the elaborated action design research method, this study presents a Hyperledger-based blockchain technology system tailored for Sudan’s LR, addressing technical challenges, evaluation frameworks, privacy measures, and deployment strategies. This system not only facilitates secure and transparent land transactions from planning to certificate issuance, but also integrates the management of land sales, significantly reducing the need for intermediaries. By providing a detailed exploration of the system’s goals, technical hurdles, and practical deployment insights, this research contributes valuable knowledge to the implementation of blockchain technology in LR, with findings that are applicable to similar contexts globally. This study underscores the importance of customizing blockchain solutions to meet the unique requirements of different environments, thereby advancing digital government in resource-constrained settings.

Role of IOT and Blockchain Technology in the growth of digital HRM transformation as a function of Management

This study explores integrated IoT and Blockchain (BCT) technologies in the digital Human Resource Management (HRM) process, identifying the managerial phenomena. Using advanced algorithms like K-Means clustering, Random Forest predictive modeling, and Support Vector Machine sentiment analysis, the study convincingly shows that these technologies contribute to the optimization of HR management by picking the best method to use. The outcomes of the study reflect the successful segmentation of employees into clusters having strategies developed with the individual's specific needs in mind. The existing predictive models of the HRM strategies show an overall high accuracy level ranging from 86% to 92% precision. Sentiment analysis shows that the majority of the input from the employees (70%) is positive, which indicates their high job satisfaction. Also, the implementation of Blockchain technology ensures the security and reliability of the data, with a transaction rate of 200 transactions per second and an average block size of 2 MB. This demonstrates the ability of IoT and Blockchain technology to transform HRM practices which will aid in making decisions based on the available data, enhancing employees’ engagement, and ensuring the set of regulations is obeyed.

FACILITATING AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON BLOCKCHAIN: A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE

Exchange of information is a mechanism that enables tax authorities to share tax information across borders. Exchange of information curtails harmful practices such as tax evasion and tax avoidance by promoting cooperation between tax authorities. Recent world events have seen unprecedented levels of globalisation and novel income-earning structures. Taxpayers earn income from streams that were previously unavailable. These developments have led tax authorities to implement policies that focus on improved financial transparency and better multilateral cooperation. This article argues for the implementation of blockchain technology to facilitate exchange of information in South Africa. Blockchain is a ledger that records and stores information on an online network. Blockchain’s features make it conducive for use in cross-border administration and exchange of tax information. Blockchain creates a platform for financial transparency because data stored on the blockchain is reliable and accurate. Tax information is exchanged in real time, thereby reducing tax authorities’ administrative burden and enhancing cooperation.

Implementation of blockchain for sustainable solar energy trading: a systematic review

PurposeBlockchain for energy trading is a trending research area in the current context. However, a noticeable gap exists in the review articles focussing on solar energy trading with blockchain technology. Thus, this study aims to systematically examine and synthesise the existing research on implementing blockchain technology in sustainable solar energy trading.Design/methodology/approachThe study pursued a systematic literature review to achieve its aim. The data extraction process focussed on the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases, yielding an initial set of 129 articles. Subsequent screening and removal of duplicates led to 87 articles for bibliometric analysis, utilising VOSviewer software to discern evolutionary progress in the field. Following the establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a manual content analysis was conducted on a subset of 19 articles.FindingsThe results indicated a rising interest in publications on solar energy trading with blockchain technology. Some studies are exploring the integration of new technologies like machine learning and artificial intelligence in this domain. However, challenges and limitations were identified, such as the absence of real-world solar energy trading projects.Originality/valueThis study offers a distinctive approach by integrating bibliometric and manual content analyses, a methodology seldom explored. It provides valuable recommendations for academia and industry, influencing future research and industry practices. Insights include integrating blockchain into solar energy trading and addressing knowledge gaps. These findings advance societal goals, such as transitioning to renewable energy sources (RES) and mitigating carbon emissions, fostering a sustainable future.

A Survey on Forensic Evidence Management under AWS-S3 Service

Evidence management is crucial in the field of forensic science. Evidence obtained from a crime scene is important in solving the case and delivering justice to the victim involved. Hence, protecting the integrity of the evidence throughout the process is of prime importance. Chain of Custody (CoC) is the process which maintains the integrity of the evidence using Blockchain Technology. Inability to maintain the chain of custody will make the evidence inadmissible in court, eventually leading to the case dismissal. Digitalization of forensic evidence management system is a need of time as it is an environment friendly model. Blockchain are digitally distributed ledgers of transactions signed cryptographically in chronological order that are sorted into blocks and is completely open to anyone in the blockchain network. Present study aims to create a framework and further propose an algorithm to implement blockchain technology to digitalize forensic evidence management system and maintain Chain of Custody

Analysis of corporate management risks in the work of logistics enterprises

Relevance of the problem. Complexity in the global supply chain increase the risks that enterprises are exposed to, including logistics. Purpose of the article. The article analyzes the corporate management risks of logistics enterprises. Methods. The article used the method of statistical groupings and statistical tables, the game theory method, the matrix game method. Main results. The study substantiates an algorithm for the analysis of corporate management risks of using blockchain technologies in the activities of logistics companies when concluding smart contracts, certifying new types of transportation, and integrating cryptocurrency for delivery payments. Examples of choosing an economic strategy for managing the risks of a logistics company using the criteria of maximax, Laplace, Wald, Savage, Bayesian, Hurwicz were elaborated. Referring to the relevant calculations, it was determined that the most often recommended strategy was “the certification of new types of logistics services”. It was determined that this strategy will contribute to minimizing the logistics company's risks associated with the implementation of blockchain technology through ensuring the competitive position through innovation. Practical relevance. The findings can be useful for managers of logistics companies in practical implementation and use of blockchain technologies as well as in risk management. It is expedient to focus the further research prospects onto the integration of blockchain technology with modern logistics companies’ ERP systems in the further developing the Logistics 4.0 concept.

Blockchain Technology Implementation in Supply Chain Management: A Literature Review

This paper aims to comprehensively review the main benefits, limitations, and challenges associated with the uptake of Blockchain technology in supply chain management (SCM). The study utilizes the literature review method, examining articles published from 2016 to 2022 and exploring the factors influencing the adoption and implementation of Blockchain in SCM. Multiple scholarly insights have shown no more hacking or cherry picking of options given for presenting data with high confidence and, therefore, reliability, as well as an ability to see everything in a highly limited way. An SCM looking at these multi-party evolutionary models shows that for Blockchain, the key advantages center on significantly increased security, confidentiality, traceability, transparency, data accuracy, privacy, efficiency, accountability, and trust. In contrast, the review has also detailed several limitations and challenges that must be overcome by firms and industries looking to adopt Blockchain within their SCM processes, which include problems with scaling, lower performance as a result of interoperability issues, legal and regulatory matters, very high initial implementation and ongoing maintenance costs, a struggle with standardization of the technology and the needed surveillance of this space, avoidance of technology adoption because of trust, the substantial energy used, low awareness, complexity of integrating with existing systems, being in its last mile in partnerships, and privacy. Even with this potential to transform and be disrupted across industry and its sectors, there are still very significant challenges for Blockchain. For those looking to actually utilize SCM and other sectors, understanding this from a variety of perspectives is of great interest to understand if the technology is fit for that sector and what strategies or networks need to be established or linked into with existing firms. Regardless, if these challenges can be overcome and responded to, then the greater protection and efficiency of current and future SCM processes will not only occur, but it can be the first significant node for broader industry-wide innovation and gains in efficiency.

Role of blockchain technology in changing the structure of a country's monetary base and GDP

This article explores the role of blockchain technology in changing the structure of a country's monetary base. Specifically, it examines the potential benefits and risks of using blockchain in monetary policy, such as efficiency, transparency, and new opportunities for managing the financial system. The article highlights changes in approaches to monetary policy through the use of blockchain-based digital currencies, as well as discusses challenges that may arise in implementing this technology. The conclusions of this article may be valuable for government agencies, central banks, and researchers interested in the impact of blockchain technology on the financial sector. In recent years, the adoption of blockchain technology as an alternative to fiat currencies in various countries around the world has significantly expanded globally, as a significant number of business organizations have recognized the importance of all the advantages that blockchain technology provides. Previously, the focus was on cost control to remain competitive, but lately blockchain technologies have somewhat shifted the significance and monetary mass, influencing the structure of a certain country's monetary base. Based on recent research and publications, the article emphasizes the importance of understanding economic principles that govern the determination of the impacts of various economic and financial indicators on components of economic growth and predicting the consequences of such decisions. It references the seminal work of economists P. Romer, R. Lucas, R. Barro, I. Salla y Martin, and R. Levine, who laid the foundation for studying endogenous economic development. The purpose of this article is to investigate the practice of implementing blockchain technology in the financial support of various economic processes of economic entities and their impact on the structure of a country's monetary base. Thus, it has been identified that the influence of blockchain on the structure of the monetary base itself has received little attention. Despite blockchain being used as an alternative to components of the monetary base, thereby changing its structure within a certain country, most studies focus on literature reviews and provide information for practitioners and academic communities. Therefore, this article aims to bridge the gap by developing a model to identify distortions in the structure of the monetary base under the influence of blockchain. The effective use of blockchain is still being explored. As a result, the operations of many companies using blockchain technologies for payments are vulnerable to technical issues. Blockchain technology is utilized to address this problem and facilitate data exchange among relevant stakeholders. This document presents a benchmark for the impact of blockchain technology on the structure and mass of the monetary base for a specific country, integrating blockchain for sustainable money functioning with the integration of the Internet of Things and big data. Finally, potential benefits and limitations are analyzed during the implementation of this framework. Methods. Macroeconomic analysis, econometric analysis, trend analysis. Results. Determination of the level of influence of blockchain technologies on the change in the structure and volume of the monetary base of a certain country. The study casts doubt on classical economic doctrines by establishing a strong correlation between the distribution of components of the monetary base in its structure and the use of blockchain technology for payments for goods, labor, and services. It emphasizes that the economic growth of a country and the structure of its monetary base depend on the proportion of blockchain technology usage in that country. This research opens up possibilities for further studies in this interdisciplinary field.

Optimizing Online Business Security with Blockchain Technology

This research discusses the implementation of blockchain technology to improve online business security. The main problem facing online businesses today is their vulnerability to security attacks such as data theft and information leaks. The aim of this research is to optimize online business security by utilizing the advantages of blockchain technology in providing data security, integrity, and transparency. This research method includes a literature review to understand existing online business security frameworks and analysis of possible weaknesses. Next, we designed and implemented a blockchain-based solution to mitigate the identified security risks. Data collection is carried out through security attack simulations and reliability testing of the proposed system. The research results show that the application of blockchain technology significantly increases the security of online businesses, reduces the risk of data theft, and provides a high level of transparency. The conclusions of this research support the view that blockchain can be an effective solution to overcome security problems in the context of online business. This research makes a significant contribution to understanding and applying blockchain technology as an innovative security solution in the context of online business.

Editorial

"Blockchain has gained significant importance due to its ability to make digitals transactions flow secure, transparent, and cost-efficient. By using blockchain technology in digital payments, transactions can be executed without the need for intermediaries such as banks, clearinghouses, or financial services providers. Earlier, before blockchain technology, the financial industry faced several challenges. One of the major issues was the lack of transparency and trust in transactions. Traditional banking systems rely on intermediaries such as banks or clearinghouses to facilitate and validate transactions. This often led to delays, high costs, and the potential for fraud. Additionally, the centralized nature of these systems makes them vulnerable to cyberattacks and data breaches. The global blockchain in financial services market size is expected to reach $23.6 billion by 2024. 65% of financial institutions are planning to implement blockchain technology by 2023. 54% of financial institutions believe that blockchain will have a significant impact on their bottom line. Blockchain technology has steadily evolved to become a disruptive force in the financial services industry,"