Implementation Of Strategies Research Articles

Salmonella in Chicken and Pork Meat as a Likely Major Contributor to Foodborne Illness in Peru.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is one of the major causes of self-limiting diarrheal disease and the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide. It is an important contributor to the burden of foodborne illness in South America, including Peru, where chicken and pork are important vehicles for Salmonella infection. Salmonella infections are underreported, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where concerted action tackling Salmonella along the chicken and pork chains, from primary production to retail, is urgently needed. To support and inform the implementation of new strategies to reduce Salmonella contamination of chicken and pork, this study describes the frequency and distribution of foodborne outbreaks attributed to Salmonella in Peru and evaluates the level of Salmonella in chicken and pork meat sold in markets of three regions of Peru. To that end, we analyzed historical reports of foodborne outbreaks, levels of Salmonella in chicken and pork sold in markets, and the number of mesophiles in the collected meat samples. As a result, the microbiological analysis reveals a widespread contamination of chicken (77.1%) and pork (26.8%) with Salmonella. It also pinpoints Salmonella as the causative agent in nearly half of the outbreaks (47.0%) where the potential origin is identified over a 11-year period with chicken, mayonnaise, and pork being the most likely food vehicles. These results suggest that Salmonella is a major contributor to foodborne illness in Peru and that the monitoring of mesophiles could be a good strategy for surveillance, generating data to support source attribution studies and ultimately evidence-informed policies.

International container intermodal competitiveness: An empirical study from Chinese hub ports

The global energy crisis and environmental degradation have prompted ports to strive for green transformation. Intermodal transport, as a green and efficient form of organization in the transport sector, currently has a lot of room for development. How can the competitiveness of intermodal transport be enhanced while realizing the green sustainability of ports? This study objectively evaluates the competitiveness of international container intermodal competitiveness of hub ports and analyzes the characteristics of 16 Chinese ports from 2011 to 2020. The obstacle degree model (ODM) and the panel Tobit model considering random effects are utilized to explore the complex multidimensional elements affecting the competitiveness of intermodal transport in ports. In addressing the imbalanced characteristics of intermodal transport in ports, a variety of augmentation pathways are devised using the dynamic multi-time period fuzzy-sets qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method. The results found that: (1) The competitiveness of intermodal transport in ports shows a “three echelons” structure, requiring the implementation of appropriate augmentation strategies. (2) Elements affecting the competitiveness of intermodal transport in ports are multidimensional, underscoring the significance of holistically considering internal and external elements. (3) The key to enhancing the competitiveness of intermodal transport in ports lies in striking a balance between economic development and prudent attention to multiple dimensions to ensure sustainability. This study enriches the empirical research on intermodal transport in ports. It provides valuable references for ports seeking new avenues of growth and for governments with effective management practices.

Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Osteosarcopenia in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study.

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteosarcopenia in patients with acute stroke. Overall, 224 patients within 2 weeks of having a stroke were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), modified Barthel Index (MBI), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and handgrip strength were recorded. Body composition was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis and sarcopenia were defined as having osteosarcopenia. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia was 46.9% and 50.9%, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis without sarcopenia, sarcopenia without osteoporosis, and osteosarcopenia was 18.3%, 22.3%, and 28.6%, respectively. The proportion of female sex (71.9%), median age, and NIHSS score were significantly higher, and mRS, BBS, MBI, FAC, and grip strength were significantly lower in patients with osteosarcopenia. Older age (≥65-years) (OR, 15.4), female sex (OR, 6.23), and lower BMI (<25 kg/m 2 ) (OR, 43.13) were independently associated with the likelihood of osteosarcopenia. Osteosarcopenia may occur in acute stroke survivors. Patients with osteosarcopenia have a significantly higher stroke severity and disability. A comprehensive diagnostic approach is imperative for osteosarcopenia, thereby facilitating implementation of optimal rehabilitative strategies.

A home health management app designed in the post-epidemic era using empirical evidence based on the demand collection of elderly users

In the context of the epidemic, the daily routines of China’s elderly populace underwent substantial transformations. The implementation of home-based pandemic containment strategies led to heightened levels of social isolation and loneliness, exerting a discernible influence on the subjective well-being of this demographic. Consequently, residing in retirement apartments has emerged as a more advantageous alternative for elderly individuals capable of self-care. To meet their life and emotional needs and improve their sense of well-being, we used the KANO model to design a health management app for the self-care of older persons. We summarised the functional requirements for the self-care of elderly people, distributed questionnaires to generate a list of requirements, and conducted data analysis. We optimised the low-fidelity prototype based on the usability test results combined with relevant interface design elements to implement emotional interaction design practices for older persons’ self-care. Furthermore, we completed a design evaluation and program optimisation of the design practice to guide the final visual design. The research findings identify the core principles of interactive design for elderly users to enable visual design specifications for improving the lives of the elderly population. This research highlights the need to design more appropriate products that meet demographic characteristics. This work contributes to strengthening the connection between elderly people and society while bridging the ‘digital divide’ based on this population’s cautious approach to technologies and declining abilities to learn.

Innovative waste management approaches in LNG operations: A detailed review

As the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry continues to expand globally, the imperative to address environmental concerns and enhance sustainability within LNG operations becomes paramount. This paper conducts a comprehensive and detailed review of innovative waste management approaches within the LNG sector. Traditional waste management practices in LNG operations, including disposal and recycling, are examined, highlighting the associated challenges. The focus then shifts to innovative approaches, encompassing recycling and circular economy initiatives, advanced waste-to-energy technologies, and the adoption of sustainable packaging solutions. Case studies and examples illustrate successful implementations of innovative waste management strategies in various LNG facilities, providing insights into the environmental and operational benefits achieved. The paper explores the implications of these approaches, emphasizing reduced carbon footprints, enhanced resource efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, the review delves into the barriers and challenges hindering widespread adoption, including technological, economic, and regulatory considerations. This detailed examination aims to contribute valuable insights for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers, fostering the integration of sustainable and innovative waste management practices in the ever-evolving landscape of LNG operations. Keywords: Innovative, Waste, Management, LNG operations, Review.

Anesthesia strategies for elderly patients with craniocerebral injury due to foreign-body penetration in the plateau region: a case report

BackgroundThe administration of anesthesia for elderly individuals who are critically ill, suffering from severe craniocerebral injuries, and living in plateau regions presents a rare, intricate, and high-risk challenge. This case study outlines the specific anesthesia management protocols necessary for plateau-dwelling patients with significant craniocerebral damage undergoing prolonged invasive procedures.Case reportA 76-year-old male patient had a 26-year history of foreign-body penetration of the skull and had experienced local purulent discharge and pain for the previous 20 days. The diagnoses included right hypoplasia, a foreign body in the skull with an infection, hypokalemia, hypoproteinemia, pulmonary fibrous foci, and bilateral pleural effusion. For almost 6 months, the patient suffered from recurring headaches, blurred vision, and sluggish bodily movement. The patient had a poor diet, poor sleep quality, normal urination, and no noticeable weight loss since the onset of the illness. The right anterior ear had a 2 cm skin abscess with yellow pus and a black metal foreign body tip. The left eyelid was red and swollen, and the left conjunctiva was hyperemic; the right eyelid showed no abnormalities, and both pupils were wide and round, with light and adjustment reflexes and no cyanosis on the lips. Skull development was normal. No dry or moist rales were audible in either lung. The heart rhythm was regular, and the heart rate was 50 bpm. Chest CT revealed left lung calcification foci, bilateral pleural effusion, and fiber foci in the lower lobes of both lungs.ConclusionFurthermore, the patient in question was of advanced age and had a complex medical history, including prolonged exposure to high altitudes and previous instances of severe craniocerebral trauma, among other uncommon pathophysiological characteristics. In particular, the patient also underwent surgical interventions at both high and low altitudes, adding to the complexity of their case. To ensure patient safety, close multidisciplinary collaboration, the development of a precise surgical plan, and the implementation of a suitable perioperative anesthetic management strategy are imperative.

CSR in MSMEs: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). MSMEs stand as pivotal contributors to economies worldwide, fuelling innovation and economic growth. As the business landscape evolves, the relevance of CSR practices among these enterprises becomes increasingly apparent. This study aims to collect, analyze, and synthesize findings that already exist in the literature on CSR practices among MSMEs, as well as formulate possible research directions for the future. This study seeks to bridge the knowledge gap by delving into CSR practices within MSMEs, examining both manufacturing and service sectors. It aims to identify the unique internal and external factors influencing the effective implementation and success of these CSR strategies. We will identify the specific challenges faced by MSMEs in adopting CSR, as well as analyze the benefits they can achieve through the implementation of CSR practices. The systematic literature review research methods are systematic steps to collect, analyze, and synthesize relevant literature on CSR among MSMEs. Research results emphasize the importance of CSR practices for MSMEs, acknowledge the limitations of existing research due to limited data and context-specific considerations, and highlight the theoretical and practical implications of such research for developing CSR strategies and guidelines for MSMEs. Provides a comprehensive overview of the complexities, challenges, and benefits associated with implementing CSR practices in MSMEs across various sectors and contexts. This research addresses the pressing need to understand the role of CSR in MSMEs. As these enterprises navigate the dynamic business landscape, equipping them with insights into effective CSR practices can bolster their contributions to sustainable development.

Top predator status and trends: ecological implications, monitoring and mitigation strategies to promote ecosystem-based management

The conservation and management of marine ecosystems hinge on a comprehensive understanding of the status and trends of top predators. This review delves into the ecological significance of marine top predators, examining their roles in maintaining ecosystem stability and functioning through an integrated analysis of current scientific literature. We first assess the efficacy of various monitoring methods, ranging from traditional field observations to cutting-edge technologies like satellite tracking and environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis and evaluating their strengths and limitations in terms of accuracy, spatial coverage, and cost-effectiveness, providing resource managers with essential insights for informed decision-making. Then, by synthesizing data from diverse marine ecosystems, this study offers a comprehensive overview of the trends affecting top predator populations worldwide. We explore the multifaceted impacts of human activities, climate change, and habitat degradation on the abundance and distribution of these key species. In doing so, we shed light on the broader implications of declining top predator populations, such as trophic cascades and altered community structures. Following a thorough assessment of successful strategies for reversing the decline of top predators, a compilation of recommendations is presented, encompassing effective governance interventions. A crucial aspect of effective ecosystem-based management is the implementation of robust monitoring strategies. Mitigation measures are imperative to reverse the adverse impacts on marine top predators. We present a comprehensive array of mitigation options based on successful case studies. These include the establishment of marine protected areas, the enforcement of fisheries regulations, and the promotion of sustainable fishing practices. We deepen the synergies between these strategies and their potential to mitigate human-induced stressors on top predator populations to safeguard their pivotal role in maintaining marine ecosystem structure and function. By examining marine top predators’ ecological significance, analyzing population trends, discussing monitoring techniques, and outlining effective mitigation strategies, we provide a comprehensive resource for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders engaged in fostering ecosystem-based management approaches. We conclude that integrating these insights into current management frameworks will be essential to safeguard both top predators and the broader marine environment for future generations.

The Issues and Challenges of Diversification Strategy in Multiple Industries: The Case of Kental Bina Sdn. Bhd.

A diversification strategy is one of the means to expand business among corporations, including Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In Malaysia, many successful stories of SMEs’ diversification strategies permit others to follow in their footstep. The success of the strategy allows businesses to develop not only locally but also venture into the international market. However, various issues and challenges could be associated with diversification strategy implementation particularly among SMEs within multiple industries involved. Therefore, this study aims to discover the issues and challenges faced by Kental Bina Sdn. Bhd., one of the steadily growing diversified businesses in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. This study employed a few rounds of one-on-one interviews with the business owner as the key informant to meet the study objective. The recorded interview sessions are then transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis through the Nvivo12 software. From the policy viewpoint, this study sheds light on the development of entrepreneurial training programs. The training program conducted by the relevant ministries and government agencies, including the Ministry of Entrepreneur and Cooperatives Development (MECD), Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA), SME Corporation (SMECorp.), and Tekun Nasional (TEKUN), needs to be specifically designed to address the issues and challenges of business diversification particularly among SMEs. For practical implication, this study helps to offer important information and inputs among other businesses, particularly SMEs, on what to expect when starting their diversification planning and strategy.

The Village Head's Strategy to Enhance Social Inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village Pujananting District Barru Regency

This research aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the Village Head to enhance social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village, Pujananting District, Barru Regency. The research methodology utilized is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with the Village Head, community leaders, and other stakeholders in the village. The results of the study indicate that the Village Head has implemented various effective strategies to improve social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village. These strategies include enhancing accessibility to public services, developing inclusive infrastructure, empowering the community through training programs and skill development, and utilizing information technology to expand communication and information dissemination. The implementation of these strategies has had a significantly positive impact on the level of social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village. There has been an increase in community participation in social and economic activities, improved access to healthcare and education services, and heightened awareness of the importance of social inclusion in village development. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the strategies employed by the Village Head to enhance social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village can serve as a relevant model for application in other areas. Cooperation among local governments, communities, and the private sector is necessary to support the broader and sustainable implementation of social inclusion strategies across various regions in Indonesia.

Framing the digitally capable university

The proliferation of “literacies” in educational discourse reflect a diverse array of interests, encompassing computer, information, technical, media literacies, and also forms like academic, financial, and health literacies. As digital literacies have become a concern for the higher education curriculum, there has been a tendency to define it as a practical type of operational know-how. This paper sets out a university-wide, holistic and critical approach that breaks from the legacy of institutional framings that narrow digital literacies to a set of skills or competencies. In developing a Digital Literacies Framework, La Trobe University articulated a shared understanding of digital literacies as the capabilities and attitudes that are needed by staff and students ‘in a digitally connected world’. This marks a shift from strategies that primarily deploy institutional curriculum mapping and measurement approaches; rather it argues for an institutional approach that requires collaboration and strategic engagement of students and academic and professional staff in order to meet goals related to building digital capability. The La Trobe Digital Literacies Framework takes a whole of university perspective that integrates policy and practice, providing a rationale for the critical importance of digital literacies in domains of life, work and learning, addressing an implicit ‘Why?’ question from staff and students. The University Library coordinated the Framework development. It was a scholarly undertaking that gathered evidence and reviewed international best practice. In this endeavour, the La Trobe University Library is a leader in the implementation of a university-wide strategy for digital literacies in Australia.

Analysis Seismic Behavior of Structures with Planar Imperfections: A Comprehensive Numerical Analysis

This paper presents a comprehensive approach to the seismic analysis and design of a tall hospital building, accounting for horizontal irregularities and employing equivalent static analysis (ESA) methodology. The study initiates with the collection of relevant site data and building specifications, including the identification and characterization of horizontal irregularities such as setbacks, mass distribution variations, and irregular floor plans. Equivalent static lateral loads are calculated based on applicable building codes and standards, taking into account the effects of horizontal irregularities on seismic response. Structural modeling and analysis are then conducted using sophisticated software to evaluate the building's behavior under seismic forces, considering the influence of irregularities on structural performance. Design criteria, encompassing drift limits, strength requirements, and detailing considerations for mitigating irregularity effects, are rigorously adhered to ensure compliance with safety regulations and performance objectives. The iterative process of evaluation and adjustment ensures optimal seismic performance and adherence to design criteria despite the presence of horizontal irregularities. Documentation of the analysis and design process, coupled with meticulous construction oversight, guarantees the implementation of a robust seismic design strategy tailored to the unique characteristics of the tall hospital building. Post-construction evaluations are carried out to validate predicted seismic performance, accounting for the influence of horizontal irregularities. Through collaborative efforts and adherence to best practices, the seismic design of the tall hospital building prioritizes safety and resilience, even in the face of horizontal irregularities, aiming to safeguard occupants and critical healthcare infrastructure during seismic events.

Effect of Mineral Composition and Particle Size on the Failure Characteristics and Mechanisms of Marble in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory

In deep underground engineering, the deformation, failure characteristics, and mechanism of surrounding rock under the influence of grain sizes and mineral compositions are not clear. Based on CJPL-II variously colored marbles, the differences in grain size and mineral composition of the marble were analyzed by thin-section analysis and XRD tests, and the effect of intermediate principal stress on the mechanical properties of marble was investigated. Both SEM and microfracture analysis were coupled to reveal the failure mechanisms. The results highlight that the crack initiation strength, damage strength, peak strength, and elasticity modulus of Jinping marble exhibit an increasing trend with an increase in intermediate principal stress, while the peak strain initially increases and subsequently decreases. Moreover, this study established negative correlations between marble strength, brittleness characteristics, and fracture angle with grain size, whereas positive correlations were identified with the content of quartz, sodium feldspar, and the magnitude of the intermediate principal stress. The microcrack density in marble was found to increase with larger grain sizes and decrease with elevated quartz and sodium feldspar content, as well as with increasing intermediate principal stress. Notably, as the intermediate principal stress intensifies and grain size diminishes, the transgranular tensile failure of marble becomes more conspicuous. These research findings contribute to the effective implementation of disaster prevention and control strategies.

RBS and ABS Coordinated Control Strategy Based on Explicit Model Predictive Control

During the braking process of electric vehicles, both the regenerative braking system (RBS) and anti-lock braking system (ABS) modulate the hydraulic braking force, leading to control conflict that impacts the effectiveness and real-time capability of coordinated control. Aiming to enhance the coordinated control effectiveness of RBS and ABS within the electro-hydraulic composite braking system, this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy based on explicit model predictive control (eMPC-CCS). Initially, a comprehensive braking control framework is established, combining offline adaptive control law generation, online optimized control law application, and state compensation to effectively coordinate braking force through the electro-hydraulic system. During offline processing, eMPC generates a real-time-oriented state feedback control law based on real-world micro trip segments, improving the adaptiveness of the braking strategy across different driving conditions. In the online implementation, the developed three-dimensional eMPC control laws, corresponding to current driving conditions, are invoked, thereby enhancing the potential for real-time braking strategy implementation. Moreover, the state error compensator is integrated into eMPC-CCS, yielding a state gain matrix that optimizes the vehicle braking status and ensures robustness across diverse braking conditions. Lastly, simulation evaluation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing manifest that the proposed eMPC-CCS effectively coordinates the regenerative and hydraulic braking systems, outperforming other CCSs in terms of braking energy recovery and real-time capability.

Coordinated management of oxygen excess ratio and cathode pressure for PEMFC based on synthesis variable-gain robust predictive control

In this research endeavor, a novel synthesis variable-gain robust model predictive control (SVGRPC) method using the min-max technique with parameter dependent Lyapunov functions is introduced to achieve the desired trajectory tracking of oxygen excess ratio (OER) and cathode pressure in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) system. Initially, a simplified control-oriented model of the air supply system is developed and then transformed into a polytopic form to accommodate the inherent uncertainties in the PEMFC. Subsequently, the polytopic model is integrated with the reference trajectory to construct an augmented state-space model for deriving an error state representation. In the framework of robust model predictive control (RPC) utilizing a parameter-dependent Lyapunov function, a series of variable feedback gains are employed to mitigate conservatism. Additionally, the online solution process imposes a significant computational burden, presenting challenges for the real-time implementation of RPC-based control strategy. Therefore, the offline computing is introduced to significantly reduce the computational burden, resulting in the development of the SVGRPC strategy proposed in this paper. Subsequently, the SVGRPC strategy computes explicit linear state-feedback control laws by solving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) using an offline control algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is then validated through assessments conducted under three distinct operating conditions of the PEMFC system. The outcomes of this study affirm that the proposed controller improves the requirements of control performance when compared to the online RPC with a quadratic Lyapunov function while significantly alleviating the computational workload.

Adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures among residents in selected townships, Yangon Region, Myanmar: a community-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundTo fight the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries have implemented various mitigation measures to contain the spread of the disease. By engaging with health service providers, the community’s participation in adherence to preventive measures is certainly required in the implementation of COVID-19 mitigation strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and its associated factors among the residents, Yangon Region, Myanmar.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 636 residents in Yangon Region, Myanmar, from October to December 2021. A multistage non-probability sampling method, purposively selected for three townships in Yangon Region and convenience sampling for 212 participants from each township, was applied and the data were collected by face-to-face interviews using structured and pretested questionnaires. Data were entered, coded, and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the significant variables of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures.ResultsAs a level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, the proportion of residents who had good adherence was 39.3% (95% CI 35.5–43.2%), moderate adherence was 37.6% (95% CI 33.8–41.5%), and poor adherence was 23.1% (95% CI 19.9–26.6%). The age group of 31–40 years (AOR: 3.13, 95% CI 1.62–6.05), 30 years and younger (AOR: 3.22, 95% CI 1.75–5.92), Burmese ethnicity (AOR: 2.52, 95% CI 1.44–4.39), own business (AOR: 3.19, 95% CI 1.15–8.87), high school education level and below (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.02–2.69), less than 280.90 USD of monthly family income (AOR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.01–2.29), low knowledge about COVID-19 (AOR: 1.90, 95% CI 1.26–2.88) were significantly associated with poor adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures.ConclusionsIn this study, nearly one-fourth of the residents were experiencing poor adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Therefore, building up the risk communication through the community using widely used mainstream media, the continuation of disease surveillance and announcement of updated information or advice for the public to increase awareness towards COVID-19, and enforcement to follow the recommended directions and regulations of health institutions are vital to consider for improving the adherence to preventive measures against COVID-19 among the residents.

A Study on the Role of Human Resource Planning in the Implementation of Corporate Strategies

With the deepening integration of the global economy and the increasing intensity of market competition, the implementation of corporate strategy has become a crucial factor determining the survival and development of enterprises. In this process, human resources, as one of the most important resources for enterprises, play a profound role in the planning and management of the implementation of corporate strategy. This paper aims to explore the role of human resource planning in the implementation of corporate strategy through relevant research. The goal is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for enterprises to formulate effective human resource planning, thereby promoting the successful implementation of corporate strategy. This not only contributes to enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises but also facilitates the development of theories and practices in human resource management.

Hedging as one of Negative Politeness Strategies in German Languaculture

The article deals with the problem of negative politeness and corresponding politeness strategies in German languaculture on the basis of modern fiction and also elaborates on the analysis of linguistic means of implementation of a negative politeness strategy known as hedging.Purpose of research: study of communicative situations in which a threat to the negative face of one of the speakers is present, and a review of politeness strategies that are used in such cases. The negative face means the desire of an interlocutor not to be bothered by others during communication (as an example, a request, an order or advice can damage the negative face of the addressee). Special attention is given to hedging as one of the most commonly used negative politeness strategy.Methods: the practical part of the research is based on a linguacultural analysis of the material.Results: using the analyzed materials we discover language (including grammatical, lexical and phonetical ones) tools and mechanisms that are used to perform such strategies in a speech act and also reasons to use hedges in communication and their functions in it.Conclusion: based on the theoretical, practical materials and the results that have been found in the course of the research we can state the importance of mastering (among all the linguacultural features being one of the key components of acquiring any foreign language on a par with grammar, vocabulary, phonetics etc.) the complex and frequently used for a lot of different communicative purposes phenomena known as hedging – one of the negative politeness strategies, that has quite a unique ways of usage depending on languaculture in question, and thus requiring a more deep and thorough studying in each particular case. The relevance of research of that particular element in the system of negative politeness strategies is due to the fact that while acquiring languages of western Europe (German, English and others – that means languages of cultures of an individualistic type) – an incorrect knowledge of hedging mechanisms can be the cause of problems and failures in communication, because in such cultures that element of communicative politeness has quite an important role (more important that in cultures of collectivist type – i.e. the Russian one and others).

Preclinical and Clinical Studies on the Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Chronic Wounds.

To date, the widespread implementation of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds, including debridement, infection control, and the use of grafts and various dressings, has been time-consuming and accompanied by many challenges, with definite success not yet achieved. Extensive studies on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have led to suggestions for their use in treating various diseases. Given the existing barriers to utilizing such cells and numerous pieces of evidence indicating the crucial role of the paracrine signaling system in treatments involving MSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from these cells have garnered significant attention in treating chronic wounds in recent years. This review begins with a general overview of current methods for chronic wound treatment, followed by an exploration of EV structure, biogenesis, extraction methods, and characterization. Subsequently, utilizing databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, we have explored the latest findings regarding the role of EVs in the healing of chronic wounds, particularly diabetic and burn wounds. In this context, the role and mode of action of these nanoparticles in healing chronic wounds through mechanisms such as oxygen level elevation, oxidative stress damage reduction, angiogenesis promotion, macrophage polarization assistance, etc., as well as the use of EVs as carriers for engineered nucleic acids, have been investigated. The upcoming challenges in translating EV-based treatments for healing chronic wounds, along with possible approaches to address these challenges, are discussed. Additionally, clinical trial studies in this field are also covered.

How does digital transformation affect corporate resilience: a moderation perspective study

ABSTRACT In the context of the accelerated development of the digital economy and the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, does digital transformation inevitably improve corporate resilience? Based on measuring the moderation of corporate digital transformation, this paper examines the dynamic relationship between digital transformation and corporate resilience using the theory of new structural economics and double machine learning methods. The results show that the more moderate the digital transformation, the higher the level of corporate resilience. Agency costs, financing constraints, and irrational decision-making bias constitute important influencing mechanisms. Further analysis reveals that the resilience-enhancing effect of moderate digital transformation is more pronounced among corporations with high levels of corporate governance, low levels of information asymmetry, more diverse executive backgrounds and in manufacturing corporates. The relevant findings of this paper provide guidance and decision-making references for promoting the high-quality development of corporates.