Implementation Of State Innovation Policy Research Articles

Public procurement and innovation policy in Russia: a perspective of narrative economics

Objective: to identify narratives describing the use of public procurement system for innovation policy implementation and to critically analyze them.Methods: quantitative analysis of the frequency of narratives, qualitative analysis of narratives to identify protomodels, institutions and social context.Results: in the modern Russian economic system, public procurement is used as a tool for implementing the national innovation policy. The analysis of legal acts regulating public procurement of innovative and high-tech goods showed the trends that potentially reduce the variability of procuring entities' actions and the transparency of procurement procedures. Based on the tools of narrative economics, the authors analyzed the attitude of actors (representatives of the state, business and academia) of the Russian innovation system to the existing practice of public procurement in the context of the national innovation policy. As a result, the work presents a typology of public procurement problems, discussed in mass media, for Russia’s innovative development.Scientific novelty: the considered narratives show that, in relation to the Russian innovation system, the public procurement subjects can act in the logic of the “principal-agent” theory, while the tendency to reduce transparency is welcomed by some actors.Practical significance: institutional analysis of the recent changes in public procurement, including the rules governing the procurement of innovative and high-tech products, has revealed the devolution of formalized rules aimed at the implementation of state innovation policy. Together with the increased level of privacy in organizational activities of procuring entities, this carries the risks of not only increasing the level of opportunistic behavior of the public procurement market subjects, but also decreasing confidence in the entire public procurement system.

МЕХАНІЗМИ ПЕРЕХОДУ ДО ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ТИПУ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНУ

Research as elements of the formation of the national innovation system of existing and promising mechanisms for the transition to an innovative scenario for the development of economic and social sectors at the regional level determines the need to analyze the processes of implementation of state innovation policy in a regional projection and study different points of view on, which infrastructural elements of the development of innovation activity in the economic and social sectors of a particular subject can serve as generally accepted mechanisms for the transition to the formation of regional innovation systems. The innovative type of socio-economic development of territories is defined as the formation of long-term multi-level relations between socio-economic entities based on the ideology of innovation culture, which ensures the creation and implementation of innovations in all spheres of life, as well as an increase in intellectual capitalization as a condition for sociodominant self-development. The goals of the regional innovation system have been developed. The general goal is to increase the competitiveness of the regional economy, the goals of the first level are the formation of regional clusters, the system of strategic planning and programming, the mechanism of public – private partnership, the development of territories, the reform of education, health and housing, the development of small and medium-sized innovative businesses. It is determined that the main documents regulating the issues of innovative development at the regional level are: strategies of regional socio-economic development, laws on innovation, regional target programs for innovation development. This article explains the purpose of the innovative type of society and region, found a new meaning of innovative development of the region. Selected the main effects of innovative development of regions of Ukraine, education and employment. Defined the functional significance of the regional economy in the context of stimulation of innovative development processes. The competitiveness of the regional economy is determined on the basis of a rational combination of economic and civic position with state and social justice.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

The purpose of this article is to analyze a systematic approach to the introduction of modern digital technologies in the state economy. The authors set themselves the task of systematizing conflicting views on models and scenarios of economic transformation and its impact on the country’s economy, and developing recommendations for the introduction of modern digital technologies in the country’s economy. The study used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison and description. Despite the consensus reached by the government, business and society on the need to curtail the raw material exchange rate and switch to innovative development based on the accelerated introduction of digital technologies in public administration, the economy and the social sphere, the specific mechanisms for this transition remain ineffective and often unclear. Russian science has been able to accumulate a significant theoretical base on models and scenarios of economic transformation, but fundamental methodological approaches to the development and implementation of state innovation policy in high-tech industries, especially at different levels of the hierarchy of management systems, have not yet been determined.

Measures to improve the effectiveness of state support for agriculture at the regional level

Acceleration of the pace of development of science and technology in recent decades requires a change in approaches to the formation and implementation of state innovation policy. In developed countries, more than 80% of economic growth is achieved through the innovative development of economic sectors. The progressive development of agricultural production is also conditioned by the implementation of scientific and technological achievements through their approbation and development in production. The article analyzes the main measures to improve the efficiency of state support for agriculture at the regional level on the example of the Chelyabinsk region.

ІННОВАТИКА ФОРМУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ

У статті обґрунтовано питання стратегії безпеки в контексті професійної підготовки та формування її інноваційності. Здійснено аналіз законодавчих регламентів національної безпеки України, уточнено тлумачення основних категорій понятійно-категоріального апарату дослідження. Встановлено, що стратегію інноваційного розвитку визначають як інноваційний шлях перспектив нарощення інтелектуального потенціалу країни для досягнення мети інноваційного розвитку суспільства зі забезпеченням якості й безпеки життя на засадах сталості шляхом вирішення сучасних науково-технічних завдань при реалізації державної інноваційної політики за умов модернізації сфери освіти, науки й інноватики.

Formation and implementation of state innovation policy

Formation and implementation of state innovation policy

Innovative development of the national university system in Russia: trends and key elements

PurposeThe goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others.FindingsIn the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the “triple helix model of innovation” implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented.Practical implicationsResults testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system.Originality/valueResearch hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market.

Сhallenges of the modern model of formation and implementation of the Russian state innovation policy

The state innovation policy of modern Russia has been analyzed in the article. The problems of the existing model of formation and implementation of the state innovation policy have been considered. This direction of policy has been studied from the standpoint of institutional, technological and time components, which allows us to characterize the modern model of the state innovation policy of Russia as a model implemented “top-down”, as the center of decision-making was shifted towards the state in the face of government agencies and decision-makers with minimal consideration of the views of other stakeholders. The subject of this study is the interaction of political institutions in the formation and implementation of the state innovation policy of Russia. The role of small and medium-sized enterprises of scientific, technical and innovative orientation in the studied processes as the most “sensitive” market needs has been emphasized, the focus has been shifted to increase the responsibility of the first persons of the regions for regional innovative development, as well as to the nominal nature of the state priority of innovative development of Russia. As a methodological basis, a system-dynamic approach is used, which allows you to reveal systematically the shortcomings of the current system, expressed in the limited interaction of political institutions, their communication and the quality of partnerships. This is largely due to the symbolic (nominal) political demand for such development and the weak setting, optimal for the development of innovation, socio-political environment. The conclusion has been made, that it is possible to correct the current state of affairs when changing: the legal support of the innovation sphere, the subject composition of the participants in the development and implementation of state policy in the field of innovation and the conditions for the development and growth of innovation.

POST-GRADUATE STUDENT, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE, KYIV

In the article, the content of modern innovation structures was investigated through the prism of managing their activities, because the implementation of innovation activity and the implementation of state innovation policy is possible through the mechanisms of innovation activity state support in order to build the national innovation system and competitive development of the national economy. It is determined that the main activities of innovative structures are: creation and commercialization of innovative products; ensuring innovative development of countries economy and its regions; promoting the development of national and regional innovation infrastructure, the realization of rights and legitimate interests of innovation structures in the field of innovation and other, not prohibited by the law, economic activity; protection and representation of rights and legitimate interests of innovative structures, as well as the rights and legitimate interests of their founders in public authorities and local self-government bodies, as well as in relations with other economic entities; intensification of information exchange between subjects of innovation; development of international cooperation in the field of innovation development, promotion of attracting foreign investments in the economy of Ukraine. Characteristics of the main activities of technology parks, science parks, industrial (manufactured) parks, innovation clusters, innovation centers, innovative business incubators, technopoles, innovation networks, technological platforms are given. It was noted that the regional innovation structures are formed with the involvement of higher educational establishments and research institutions, business representatives, organizations representing the national and world scientific community, based on the results of predictive-analytical research in the fields of science, technology and development of innovations, as well as forecast indicators. Socio-economic development of regions, aimed at ensuring the respective regions innovation. It is established that the modern innovative structures are "diverse" and multifunctional, because they have many areas of activities. Prospects for further research on this issue should be devoted to assessing the effectiveness of managing innovative structures.

АКТИВІЗАЦІЯ ПОЛІТИКИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЧЕРЕЗ УТВОРЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ ЯК ФОРМИ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

Based on the international experience, the paper suggests a range of new progressive approaches in the implementation of state innovation policy through building innovation clusters in the framework of public-private partnership along with identifying the stages of creating and implementation of innovation clusters policy within PPP at meso- and microlevels. Estimation of financing variants hierarchy for innovative clusters development projects in the framework of public-private partnership is provided.