Implementation Of Scientific Projects Research Articles

Опыт применения геоинформационных сервисов в экологических исследованиях лесных экосистем

The authors propose a means for interdisciplinary cooperation through using geoservices for swapping spatial data. Environmental studies of forest ecosystems often produce results in the form of the mentioned data. Geoservices enable specialists in various fields to study them without purchasing professional GIS. Domestic and foreign experience of their application aimed at presenting the results of environmental research was studied. The authors give several examples of using geoservices which support implementation of scientific projects of the CEPF RAS. They were implemented to create web-GIS for local studies of fire preventing regimes of the Pechora-Ilych nature reserve and its vicinities. The developed product enables visualizing and analyzing thematic spatial data. The geoservices have found their application providing analytical and interactive infographics for national studies of the Russian Federation forest carbon resources in the context of global climate change. The results of the forest tree cover dynamics analysis, wood stock volume and fire carbon emissions in the forests of Russia are presented.

Ways to Improve the Regulation of Projects of the “Megascience” Class

The creation of unique scientific facilities of the “Megascience” class is a very complex and lengthy organizational and technical process, for the implementation of which the resources of several states are usually involved. In connection with the participation in the creation and implementation of a scientific project of the “Megascience” class of several states, it becomes necessary to distribute the rights, duties, costs and powers of project management among the participants. Currently, the Russian Federation lacks a sufficient level of legal regulation of projects of the “Megascience” class. Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign experience in the implementation of scientific projects of the “Megascience” class, the article presents proposals for improving the legal regulation of these projects being implemented on the territory of the Russian Federation. The article also discusses the specific problems that one has to face when implementing projects of the “Megascience” class in Russia, and the ways to solve them. In addition, the authors’ definitions of such key terms as “Megascience” class project, “unique scientific facility of the “Megascience class” and “scientific collaboration,” which are absent in the current legislation, are proposed. This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 18-29-15036mk “Models for legal regulation of unique scientific facilities of ‘Megascience’ class at the national and international levels in the context of technological development of the Russian Federation”).

Financial Control over the Implementation of the “Megasience” Class Scientific Projects: Current State and Prospects of Improvement

The paper is devoted to financial control exercised over the implementation of “megasience” class scientific projects. In order to create an innovative economy, the State continues to develop research and development, in particular the creation of unique projects of the “megasience” class. Funding for such studies is usually carried out from budgets of various levels of the Russian Federation’s budgetary system as part of priority national projects or federal programs. Therefore, state financial control over the effective and targeted use of funds of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation gains importance. The paper discusses the current conditions of state financial control over the implementation of scientific projects of the “megasience” class, defines the list of subjects possessing the powers of both internal and external state financial control, highlights their differences and characteristics. The author carries out the analysis of monitoring as one of the activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, where emphasis is made on budgetary monitoring. The paper analyzes problems and shortcomings in the implementation of state financial control over the scientific projects. It also describes the features of the current state of state financial control and highlights tendencies of its development and improvement.

METHOD OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC PROJECT IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY AND BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS

The success of any project is to achieve the goal, get a unique product and meet the needs of stakeholders. Scientific projects are not an exception to the general rule, but have their own specifics and characteristics, in particular: complexity. The implementation of scientific projects takes place in conditions of complete uncertainty in the development of science, technology and engineering. To ensure the success of scientific projects, integrated risk management of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics was proposed. In order to implement it, it is proposed to develop methods of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics, which take into account the assessment of personnel risks, conflicts and behavioral economics, as well as the calculation of "toxicity". These methods will help increase the efficiency of stakeholder management of scientific projects by reducing the negative effects of personnel risks, conflicts and behavioral economics. This study proposes the stages of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics, based on the conceptual model of integrated risk management of scientific project conflicts in behavioral economics and the corresponding mathematical model. In addition, schemes for the implementation of the method of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects and the method of calculating indicators of "toxicity" of stakeholders of scientific projects are presented. The application of these methods will increase the efficiency of stakeholder management of scientific projects at the stage of initiation in the process of forming a register of project participants. In addition, they will reduce the likelihood of personnel risks, conflicts and behavioral economics associated with stakeholders in the implementation of scientific projects and will ensure the success of their implementation, obtaining a quality product and meeting the needs of stakeholders.

Research of the features of the formation of the structure and properties of building composites based on clinker-free binders of alkaline activation with the use of unconditional natural and secondary raw materials

The anthropogenic load on the natural resource potential of the planet is growing rapidly. Therefore, special attention is paid to the development of less costly and low energy-consuming technologies for obtaining new building materials. Those materials do not require high-temperature and expensive technological processing, and this will allow the use of local secondary and substandard raw materials. The development of formulations for linker-free binders of alkaline activation based on fine powders of aluminosilicate nature will make it possible to obtain new effective building composites. The work reveals issues related to the theoretical foundations of the structure formation and strength of cement stone based on an alkaline activator. The research results, in our opinion, have a practical importance for the construction industry, since the proposed formulations of clinker-free cements can replace expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement, allowing creating strong and durable concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The results presented in this article were obtained in the framework of research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05. 607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites based on linker-free binders of alkaline activation using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” supported by the Federal Target Program “Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of the Scientific and Technological Complex of Russia for 2014-2020” The unique identifier for the agreement is RFMTFI60719X0320.

Recipes and Properties of Multicomponent Systems "Aspiration Dust - Mineral Powder - Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>"

The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of the concentration of binder components on the properties of cement alkaline stone. Formulations of clinker-free binders of alkaline activation with the level of filling the system of 20 and 40% have been developed, the properties of the cement paste of the binding binder "aspiration dust - mineral powder - liquid glass" have been studied, the dynamics of a set of strength indicators has been studied, both for bending and compressive forces. The received results allow to estimate uniqueness of properties of a binding binder "a mineral powder - Na2SiO3" and to create new materials on resource saving and energy saving technology. The results presented in this article were obtained within the framework of studies on the implementation of scientific project No. 05. 607.21.0320. "Development of technology for new building composites based on clinkerless cement of alkaline activation using substandard natural and secondary raw materials" supported by the Federal Target Program "Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of the Scientific and Technological Complex of Russia for 2014-2020". The unique identifier for the agreement is RFMTFI60719X0320.

Мineral Powders Dispersion Degree Effect on the Properties of the Cementing Alkaline System

This paper presents the results of studies on mineral powders dispersion degree effect on the properties of alkaline cement-water paste where powders are of natural and technogenic origin. The change dependences between the total specific surface area and the duration of grinding have been studied, and the optimal grinding time for raw materials has been revealed. The developed formulations of cementing alkaline binders, with the use of mineral powders and wastes from the cement industry, are distinguished by short setting times and high consumption of alkaline grout to obtain a cement paste of normal density, which requires further research. And the obtained influence patterns of the degree of dispersion on the properties of the "mineral powder - Na2SiO3" binder will make it possible to create strong and durable artificial building composites competing with concretes based on Portland cement. The results presented in this article were obtained within the framework of studies on the implementation of scientific project No. 05. 607.21.0320. "Development of technology for new building composites based on clinkerless cement of alkaline activation using substandard natural and secondary raw materials" supported by the Federal Target Program "Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of the Scientific and Technological Complex of Russia for 2014-2020". The unique identifier for the agreement is RFMTFI60719X0320.

Application of models and methods of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics

The object of research is the processes of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects, including the project team, the main executors of the project (scientists) and other stakeholders, in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics. Today, scientists work in difficult conditions of uncertainty about the prospects for the development of science, technology and engineering. Therefore, it can lead to personnel risks, conflicts and behavioral economics and have a negative impact on the planning and implementation of scientific projects. The main hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the success of scientific projects depends on the effective management of their stakeholders in order to achieve their goals. It is necessary to systematically approach the analysis of stakeholders of scientific projects, the use of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics. Based on the analysis of risk management methods in different areas of activity and taking into account the conceptual model of integrated risk management of scientific projects, a method of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in uncertainty and behavioral economics was proposed. For the practical application of the developed models and methods of integrated risk management of stakeholders of scientific projects in conditions of uncertainty and behavioral economics, the scientific project was considered. Their use, even at the stage of initiating scientific projects, allowed the project manager and his/her team to calculate the indicator of «toxicity» for each alternative stakeholders and compare them with each other. It is based on data obtained in the process of assessing personnel risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economics, which was conducted using the method of expert assessments. The indicator of «toxicity» is limited and should be close to zero. An example of choosing a stakeholder for the supply of stationery is considered. This result allowed to increase the efficiency of inclusion of stakeholders in the participants of the scientific project.

Structural Formation of a Clinkless Cement Binding Alkali Battery with Thermoactived Margel

Currently, construction volumes around the world are growing rapidly. Because of this fact the anthropogenic load on the natural resource potential of our planet is increasing, so special attention is paid to the development of less resource and energy-consuming technologies for building production, the development of new building composites based on the use of local secondary and substandard raw materials, the receipt of which high-temperature and expensive processing is not required. In this regard, the Grozny Scientific School of Energy and Resource Saving in the production of modern building materials has carried out the comprehensive studies to study the effectiveness of clinker-free alkaline binders as an alternative to traditional cement binders. The results presented in this article were obtained in the framework of the research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05. 607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites on clinkerless alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” that received support from the federal target program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014-2020”. Unique Agreement Identifier RFMTFI60719X0320

Recipes of Knitting Systems Alkaline Activation Using Natural Raw Materials of the Chechen Republic

The alkaline clinker-free binders formulations activation development based on fine powders of aluminosilicate nature will allow to obtain the effective building composites. The paper reveals the issues related to the theoretical foundations of the cement stone structure and strength formation based on the alkaline activator. The research results, in our opinion, are undoubtedly of practical importance for the construction industry, since the proposed recipes for clinker-free cements will replace the expensive and energy-consuming Portland cement, allowing to create strong and durable concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The results presented in this article have been obtained in the framework of research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05. 607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites on clinker-free alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” which received support from the federal target program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014-2020”. The unique identifier for the agreement is RFMTFI60719X0320.

Obtaining sodium silicate solutions for the activation of mineral powders

Currently, the creation of clinker-free binders that do not require high-temperature processing and a substantial natural resource, and have high technical indicators, is an urgent task. The active component of alkali metals characterizes alkaline cement. A distinctive feature of alkali cement is its ability to interact with aluminosilicate minerals during hydration, which leads to the formation of active and hardly soluble compounds. The basis for the production of concrete composites based on chemical activation binders is the domestic and foreign experience in the use of slag-alkali composites in construction. In this work, an energy-dispersive microanalysis of clinker-free compositions based on alkaline silicate of sodium solutions from silica-containing rocks is carried out. The developed formulations of clinker-free binders based on highly dispersed powders of different nature, sealed with an alkaline solution prepared by the wet method at temperatures up to 95 °C and atmospheric pressure. This technology expands the scope of alkaline cement and produces concrete with desired properties. This work was carried out as part of research on the implementation of scientific project No 05.607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites on clinkers alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials,” which received support from the federal target program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014–2020.”

Possible solutions to problems in the cement industry

In this paper, we substantiate approaches to the transition to clinker-free binders and building composites with their use to replace resource-intensive cement, at least in those areas of construction where its high technical functional properties are not needed. The optimal formulations and properties of alkaline activation binders based on mineral powders are revealed and the theoretical foundations of the formation of the structure and strength of cement stone based on an alkaline activator are revealed. The results of the studies are of practical value for the construction industry, as the obtained formulations of clinker-free cements will partially replace expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. This work was carried out as part of research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05.607.21.0320. “The development of technology for new building composites on clinkerless alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” that received support from the Federal target program “Research and development in priority areas for the development of the scientific and technological complex of Russia for 2014–2020”.

THEORETICAL BASIS OF COMPATIBILITY OF COMPLETELY-FILLED MULTICOMPONENT BINDING SYSTEMS

Abstract. Aim. An important direction in contemporary concrete science is aimed at the development of multicomponent systems using mineral powder fillers in a finely dispersed state to create strong and durable building composites. One of the most significant factors affecting the properties of multicomponent systems is the compatibility of its components. Efforts on the part of leading scientific institutes are aimed at replacing expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement with composite concrete products produced using mixed binders. In this context, the development of modern effective composites based on clinkerless alkaline binders becomes an urgent problem. Methods. Studies into the compatibility of multicomponent cementing systems are based on a contemporary technological approach that contributes to the production of strong and durable cement stone, without the use of traditional Portland cement. Results. Electron probe studies and X-ray phase analysis of concrete produced using a clinker-free alkaline activation binder showed that the studied multicomponent system contains a hydro-aluminosilicate zeolite phase of variable composition, as well as indicating the presence of calcite, quartz, albite feldspar, mica, zeolites and potassium feldspar. Conclusion. The results of the studies confirm the compatibility of all components of the multicomponent system comprised of mineral powder, alkaline coater and surfactant. The proposed technological method can be used to produce strong and durable building composites with clinker-free technology avoiding the use of expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement. Acknowledgments. The work was performed as part of research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05.607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites on clinker-free alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” which received support from the federal target program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014-2020.” Unique identifier for the agreement RFMTFI60719X0320.

Features of the physical culture and sports masters training in the higher education institutions of Austria

In today's context, the issue of the physical culture and sports masters professional training reforming in higher education institutions of Ukraine in accordance with world standards is particularly acute. In this context, Ukraine's integration into the European space requires a constant study of the international experience of education systems. Austrian higher education institutions are among the best in Europe and in the world, with centuries of experience and tradition in teaching. The article analyses the educational programs and features of master's educational programs in sports sciences, which are developed and approved at the leading universities of Austria - Vienna University, Innsbruck University Leopold and Franz. Undergraduates receive competencies in the scientific, technical, medical, humanistic and social-sciences sub-sectors of sports science to solve practical issues in sports, motor activity. They are capable of independent development and implementation of scientific projects. We believe that it is possible to selectively transmit the Austrian system to the national model of higher education institutions, which prepare masters of physical culture and sports, functioning. This model enables effective integration of national education into the European and global educational space.

Инновационное посредничество при внедрении научных разработок на территории Арктики — опыт Временного междисциплинарного научного коллектива ЯМАЛ

Инновационное посредничество при внедрении научных разработок на территории Арктики — опыт Временного междисциплинарного научного коллектива ЯМАЛ

LOGICAL-SYSTEM SEQUENCES IN SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS

The article explores logical methods in the implementation of scientific projects. Paper describes the logical scheme of a scientific project. The basis of logical analysis is the language of propositional calculus and the language of predicates. Scientific research transforms the initial information set into a structured system of knowledge. Logical analysis determines the domain of truth of the knowledge system. Logic-system research forms the structure of the knowledge system. The system approach identifies a part of the set, which according to Narinyani is called «not a system». The information included in the «non-system» is divided into «antagonism» and uncertainty. Scientific research has two directions of research: «in depth» and «in width». The direction «in depth» is aimed at achieving the goal from the initial position of research to the final one. The «breadth» direction is aimed at expanding research at each stage irrespective of the final goal. These directions are realized by revealing and using paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. Scientific research always solves the problem of finding a compromise between the deepening of research and the measure of its expansion. Paradigmatic relations are the basis for constructing the semantic space of the field of study. The semantic space of scientific research contains a set of categories and connections between them that describe the content of the field of scientific research. It can be considered as a semantic cluster, logical-system sequences link system analysis and logic. They serve as the basis for the formation of a knowledge system.

Investigación del Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad desde la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras

El patrimonio cultural y natural forma parte de los bienes irremplazables de cada nación. La categoría de patrimonio de la humanidad se define por la presencia de atributos o cualidades notables que tienen un “Valor Universal Excepcional” y por lo tanto merecen una protección especial que asegure su conservación para estás y las futuras generaciones. El Sitio Maya de Copán fue inscrito en la Lista de Patrimonio Mundial en 1980. Dentro de los límites de la Propiedad de Patrimonio Mundial se encuentra el Grupo Principal de la ciudad antigua de Copán, la cual se extiende a lo largo del valle del mismo nombre. El establecimiento de un instituto de investigación de la UNAH, con sede en Copán Ruinas, constituye la oportunidad de desarrollar un laboratorio extraordinario en el Monumento Nacional de Copán que fomente la investigación inter y multidisciplinar a nivel nacional e internacional. El Instituto de Arqueoastronomía y Patrimonio Cultural y Natural (IARPACUNA) permite consolidar el posicionamiento de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en la investigación y conservación del Patrimonio de la Nación y de la Humanidad a través de la propuesta e implementación de proyectos con científicos, con un enfoque integral e innovador.

THE ASSESSMENT OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES IN ROLLING-SLIDING CONTACT IN RECIPROCATING MOTION ON A DEVICE FOR SURFACE WEAR TESTING

The paper presents wear tests of a sample made of rail steel in a reciprocating motion on an experimental apparatus for surface wear testing. Professional machines for wear tests of rolling-sliding contact, whose main task is to simulate the multiple passage of rolling stock, are large in size and have a significant financial burden on the implementation of scientific projects. The mobile device used for surface wear testing in reciprocating motion has a number of advantages over existing research units with high mass and high financial costs. The proposed device makes it possible to significantly reflect the actual conditions of co-ordination of a rollingsliding contact, for example, the wheel-rail assembly, while maintaining a reasonable financial outlay for the entire project. The results obtained are highly consistent with those obtained under real conditions, which allows us to put forward far-reaching assumptions about the durability of the contact in question and its wear resistance.

Telescience : Feasibility studies, definition and a fair answer to the scientific brain drain

What is telescience? Is it feasible to transfer academic information with the help of telematics to educate and teach young scientists over large distances? The term telescience has so far not been defined but covers avariety of possibilities, which could be successfully implemented worldwide. This article gives examples and highlights the feasibility analysis of telescience. We have carried out feasibility analyses for neurological functional diagnostics, an epidemiological cross-sectional study as well as alaboratory study for detection of thrombocyte function during dengue fever with the help of telemedicine. The basis for all these projects was atelemedical transcontinental cooperation over a distance of 12,000 km. All performed studies demonstrated the feasibility. With the help of telematics the laboratory techniques, planning, conduction and interpretation of results as well as publication skills can be transferred. Telescience is feasible. Our studies showed that telescience is a very promising option to transfer knowledge, which will help to enable professional expertise to be transferred directly to the region/country without a brain drain. All too often young motivated scientists are enticed to move to well-known institutions, which involves the danger of a brain drain. Brain drain can be avoided in favor of local implementation of scientific projects. Our results illustrate that it is feasible to educate and guide scientists with the help of telematics infrastructures.

A method for the bonus fund allocation according to the results of implementation of scientific projects in higher military educational institutions

За допомогою побудованої математичної моделі преміальної системи розроблено механізм преміювання, мотивування виконавців наукових проектів колективу вищого військового навчального закладу.