Implementation Of Organizational Measures Research Articles

IMPLEMENTATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IDEAS IN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS: THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

The article analyzes the experience of implementing entrepreneurship ideas in the content of educational programs for training specialists in the countries of the European Union (Austria, Finland, France, Sweden, Spain, Croatia, Italy, Latvia) at the pan-European, national and institutional levels. The pan-European level provides for the orientation of EU educational policy regarding the development of regulatory documents and recommendations on initiatives that regulate the creation of a pan-European structure to ensure and coordinate the goals and results of entrepreneurial education at the EU level. The national level includes a number of strategies, plans, actions, and legislative acts developed by state bodies to adapt the process of entrepreneurship education in a specific country and involves the design of strategic and target orientations and the implementation of organizational measures that activate the motivation of the country's citizens for self-realization in the entrepreneurial vector of professional activity. The institutional level is revealed through the integration of extroverted and introverted directions of entrepreneurial education in higher educational institutions of EU countries, which determine strategic, organizational, and pedagogical decisions and actions in higher educational institutions regarding the introduction of entrepreneurship ideas into the content of specialist training through a productive partnership between: the state, educational institutions and business institutions. The main problems of the implementation of entrepreneurship ideas in the content of educational programs for the training of specialists in the EU countries are highlighted: the lack of conceptual and methodological foundations for the formation of entrepreneurial competence of specialists in various industries; lack of motivation of teachers regarding the implementation of entrepreneurship ideas in educational courses based on an interdisciplinary approach; underfunding of innovative laboratories in higher education institutions of EU member states; unsettled mechanisms of partnership relations between education providers, business institutions and other interested parties at the international level.

Computer Security of NPP Instrumentation and Control Systems: Computer Security Assessment

The paper is devoted to the issues of computer security assessment of instrumentation and control systems (I&C systems) of nuclear power plants (NPPs). The authors specified the main areas of assessing the computer security of NPP I&C systems, especially the assessment of cyber threats, vulnerabilities of I&C computer security, sufficiency of applied measures for ensuring I&C systems computer security, risks of I&C system computer security as well as periodic reassessment of I&C computer security. The paper considers the assessment of I&C computer security vulnerabilities, sufficiency of applied measures for ensuring I&C computer security (assessment of cyber threats and the risks of I&C computer security are discussed in detail in other publications from the series “Computer Security of NPP Instrumentation and Control Systems”).
 Approaches to assessing the computer security vulnerabilities of I&C systems and software at each stage of I&C life cycle are considered. The recommendations for assessing vulnerabilities regarding technical and software protection against unauthorized access or connection to I&C, protection of local networks, implementation of organizational measures and procedures for computer security are provided.
 The paper describes the scope and procedures for the initial assessment and periodic reassessment of NPP I&C computer security. Recommendations for the formation of an appropriate evaluation team are provided. Methods of assessing I&C computer security are considered, namely: analysis of documents (computer security policy, program, plan, reports, etc.), survey of staff (administrative, operational, service and computer security experts), direct review of I&C systems, their components and local networks. The evaluation stages (collection of information, detailed analysis, reporting) and the scope of work at each stage are described.
 General information about the possibility and necessity of assessing the computer security risks of I&C systems in the case of using risk-informed approaches is provided.
 The need to document the results of the assessment is noted separately and specific proposals about the procedure for developing relevant reports are made.

The Service of Universal Time and Reference Frequencies of Ukraine. Time synchronization with the use of the Internet NTP and PTP: state and development prospects

The article deals with the issues of time synchronization using the Internet protocols NTP and PTP. These issues are considered as an example of the state of affairs and the prospects of development of the Service of Universal Time and Reference Frequencies (hereinafter referred to as the Time and Frequency Service) in terms of the dissemination of time and frequency via the Internet and increase of the reliability and immunity of the entire system as a whole. With the development of information technology and communication systems 3G, 4G, 5G, network synchronization has become more important than ever before. The need for synchronization for some sectors of the economy has come close to existing possibilities. Today, there are several options for device synchronization in Ukraine: via the Internet, using PTP, NTP, and locally using GNSS. The latter option provides high-precision synchronization up to 40 ns, but has a major disadvantage: poor noise immunity. According to some experts, our dependence on GPS is becoming very dangerous, given the extreme unreliability of this technology. The problem is that the signal from the satellite is very weak, and it is extremely easy to muffle it with generating noise at the same frequency. At the same time, as the needs increase, the bandwidth of existing NTP and PTP servers will not be able to process all requests. This requires a major reorganization and implementation of organizational measures, such as: firstly, the rendering of the nodes of time synchronization with UTC (UA) by Ukraine’s national measurement standard of time, and secondly, the development of NTP and PTP servers controlled by the Time and Frequency Service of Ukraine as an alternative to GPS synchronization, that is the best way to develop the Time and Frequency Service.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ АСПЕКТИ СТВОРЕННЯ ТА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БЕЗБАР’ЄРНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

Іn the article deals, that the creation of an inclusive environment is an important priority of modern public policy, which considers the issues of accessibility, protection of the rights of people with disabilities and equal opportunities in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals until 2030. It has been proved that for the implementation of organizational measures for physical disability, it is necessary to ensure the implementation of the concept of universal design and reasonable adaptation, transport accessibility, and the implementation of new building codes. Local authorities should adopt special programs and create an inclusive environment for everyone, including children, women, the elderly, representatives of other groups, realizing their rights to individual adaptation, assistive devices, and a comfortable public space. It is noted that an important area that covers a significant range of organizational issues is economic inclusion. Economic inclusion means providing conditions and opportunities for employment, obtaining financing for entrepreneurship, developing social entrepreneurship, and vocational rehabilitation for all groups of citizens. It has been established that in a pandemic, more attention should be paid to organizing vocational rehabilitation for persons who have lost contact with the labor market or persons who need additional protection in the labor market. The importance of information inclusion and the development of appropriate state standards of social services for the translation of sign speech, accompanying persons with visual impairments, accompanying people with disabilities in employment and social and labor adaptation has been substantiated.The conditions for the development of rehabilitation services in accordance with the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities are considered. It is proved that the main directions of development of the system of rehabilitation services in Ukraine require an integrated approach in connection with the medical reform in the country. To implement organizational measures, public authorities need to constantly monitor compliance with the standards of accessibility. It is necessary to reform the legislation on the employment of people with disabilities and strengthen the work of state bodies in the field of employment.