Implementation Of Manufacturing Technology Research Articles

Toward industry 5.0: Challenges and enablers of intelligent manufacturing technology implementation under the perspective of sustainability

The advancement of intelligent manufacturing technology in the era of Industry 5.0 has propelled the intelligence and automation of manufacturing production, while also exerting a significant impact on sustainable development of the manufacturing industry. However, the challenges and enablers faced by the transformation of intelligent manufacturing technology in the context of sustainable development of Industry 5.0 are still unclear. Based on literature review and expert opinions, this study uses the Likert scale to determine the challenges and enablers of the implementation of intelligent manufacturing technology in social, environmental and economic sustainability. The fuzzy-DEMETAL and AISM are used to analyze the logical relationship and hierarchical relationship between the above factors, and the MICMAC matrix is used to determine the key influencing factors. The research conclusions show that the most important challenges affecting the implementation of intelligent manufacturing technology are cost and funding, and the most important enabler is social benefits and public service improved. This research will provide insights for industry practitioners and decision makers in the management and decision-making process of implementing the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing intelligent manufacturing, thereby enhancing the sustainability of manufacturing development.

Амбулаторнодополняющие технологии в условиях формирования «Новой модели медицинской организации, оказывающей первичную медико-санитарную помощь».

Purpose: propose new terminology “outpatient complementary technologies” in the provision of primary health care and justify their use. Materials and methods. Guidance documents, reports, open literary sources, orders, directives of the Russian Ministry of Health were analyzed. Results. The primary link of domestic health care is currently becoming more and more actively developed. The reason for this is the implementation of the tasks of national projects in order to achieve their most important key indicators. The successful implementation of lean manufacturing technologies into the practice of medical organizations providing primary health care within the framework of the “New Model of a Medical Organization Providing Primary Health Care” has shown its effectiveness. Undoubtedly, all this is facilitated by the significant economic growth of our country, accompanied by an annual increase in healthcare funding. In primary care medical organizations, special attention is paid to the organization and quality of preventive measures, as well as the successful conduct of dispensary work. This direction contains such factors as the formation of a healthy lifestyle, assessment of the existing risks of diseases, the presence of which requires timely treatment and observation. The ongoing therapeutic and preventive measures are, of course, aimed at increasing the life expectancy of the population of our country. The modernization of primary healthcare, which began in 2020, is one of the priorities for healthcare development in the coming years. This allows us to improve the accessibility of medical care and smoothly move to a completely new level of quality of medical care, achieving the maximum level of patient satisfaction. Conclusion. The modern development of healthcare in the Russian Federation lies in the most intensive use of all modern, latest medical technologies, in particular, in the provision of primary health care. As part of its development, significant changes are taking place in professional terminology. A thorough study of the possibility of introducing and widespread use of modern, cutting-edge medical technologies in medical organizations providing primary health care allowed us to propose a new, not previously encountered, concept of “outpatient complementary technologies” and justify its existence. A definition of the new terminology with the prerequisites for its emergence is given and prospects for further development are proposed. As part of the project “New model of a medical organization providing primary health care,” the introduction of the use of the concept of “outpatient complementary technologies” is aimed at improving the efficiency of activities and improving the system for organizing the provision of primary health care.

Evaluation of critical success determinants to the implementation of additive manufacturing technology in the spare parts supply chain: a grey causal modelling approach

PurposeAdditive Manufacturing technology (AMT) is swiftly gaining prominence to induce automation and innovation in manufacturing systems. It holds immense potential to change supply chain dynamics by providing the possibility of printing objects on demand. This study thus formulates and analyzes the framework to incorporate AMT to handle the spare parts supply chain management (SPSCM) in capital-intensive industries by identifying and assessing the critical success factors (CSFs).Design/methodology/approachAssessment of the CSFs is performed using the novel Grey Causal Modeling method (GCM) with the objective of making SPSCM resilient and efficient. GCM conducts causal analysis by taking into consideration cause, effects, the objectives, and the situations.FindingsFindings indicate that; Logistics Lead Time (SD4), Time to manufacture (SD3), Management Support (SD11), and Risk Management (SD20) are the most prominent causal factor having a maximum impact when incorporating AMT in SPSCM. The results also reveal that the performance of manufacturing organizations that adopt AMT is substantially influenced by internal and external factors such as Management Support (SD11) and Government Regulations (SD16).Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides valuable information for getting the global spare parts supply chain equipped for the post-COVID age, where digital technologies such as AMT will be fundamental for bolstering supply chain resilience and efficiency.Originality/valueThis research proposes a framework for performance assessment when incorporating AMT in SPSCM. Study also demonstrates methodological application of novel Grey Causal Modelling technique using a real case in a spare parts manufacturing industry in India.

Modeling and Analysis of a Petri Net-Based System Supporting Implementation of Additive Manufacturing Technologies

Modeling and Analysis of a Petri Net-Based System Supporting Implementation of Additive Manufacturing Technologies

Using the foundation restoration as a blueprint: An uncomplicated approach to retrofitting crowns to existing removable partial dentures using CAD-CAM technology

Removable partial dentures have been used to rehabilitate partially edentulous patients for decades. A challenging but commonly encountered procedure is retrofitting a crown to an existing removable partial denture. Several techniques have been proposed for fabricating these complex prostheses, some involving the intraoral application of polymers to the abutment tooth or making impressions of the preparation with the removable prosthesis seated. The present technique presents an approach that simplifies the design and fabrication of retrofitted crowns for fractured abutment teeth needing foundation restorations. This approach involves the implementation of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology to record and utilize the contours of the foundation restoration established intraorally as a blueprint for the retrofitted crown.

Применение модели бережливого производства как эффективный способ совершенствования деятельности стоматологической поликлиники.

There is an increase in the need of the population, regardless of age, for dental care. At the same time, today there is a personnel shortage, insufficient staffing of the material and technical base of medical organizations providing dental care in outpatient settings. In this regard, it is necessary to search for new organizational technologies in the activities of these organizations to improve the availability and quality of medical care and meet the growing needs of patients. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed model for the use of lean manufacturing technologies in dental practice. Materials and methods. In basic dental polyclinics, data on the timing of time spent by patients at the registry, while waiting for an appointment with a dentist–therapist, the time spent by a dentist–therapist in the treatment of medium caries of permanent teeth, taking into account the filling out of medical documentation before and after the use of lean manufacturing technologies, were analyzed. The assessment of the existing navigation in polyclinics, routing schemes for patients, methods of making an appointment was carried out by visualization method. In addition, the data of the survey of patients and employees of the dental clinic in the previously conducted study were analyzed. Results. After the application of lean manufacturing technologies, the time spent by the patient in the registry was reduced by 12–16 minutes. The total number of actions of the registrar decreased by 31.0%, and the distance traveled by 38.0–40.0%. The time of adding value at the reception of patients by a doctor increased by 20.0% (SP No. 1) and 24.3% (SP No. 2). The time of appointment of a dentisttherapist decreased by 33.8% in joint venture No. 1 and by 32.3% in joint venture No. 2. 72.7% of medical workers noted a positive effect in the activities of their polyclinics. The proportion of patients satisfied with the organization of medical care in dental clinics increased by 33.0%. On average, 88.5% of them noted positive changes in the registry, 73.0% – in the appointment of a dentist-therapist, 74.5% – in the new navigation, 75.0% – in the appointment. Findings. The use of lean manufacturing methods helped to reduce the time spent by patients at the reception desk, at the dentisttherapist’s appointment, increased the availability of an appointment, increased the satisfaction of both medical workers and patients. Thus, the use of the lean manufacturing technology implementation model has shown its effectiveness.

Sustainable machining: A review

This paper's goal is to review pertinent material on machining with minimum lubrication for green manufacturing. Due to the fact that it has an impact on so many various industrial businesses, sustainability has grown to be a very important research topic. The implementation of sustainable manufacturing techniques and technologies has given the sector a workable way to enhance its performance in terms of the economy, environment, and society. The machining system is a crucial component of sustainable manufacturing on the factory floor since it is a significant production process. Therefore, leaders should prioritise technology for monitoring, evaluating, estimating, and optimizing machining systems' impact on the environment. The study also discusses the testing procedures, results, and use of a variety of workpiece materials, tool materials, and cutting solutions made of vegetables. The results show that the MQL system is effective in achieving a smoother surface, decreasing friction, removing chips, and cooling the workpiece. The literature review demonstrates that the MQL system outperforms both dry machining and wet machining in terms of performance. This paper provides a quick overview of the machining of various materials utilizing the MQL system as a sustainable machining.

Challenges in Flexible Manufacturing Technologies for the Final Assembly in the Commercial Vehicle Industry

Increasing customer demands and product diversity as well as emerging technologies and market trends, such as the establishment of new driveline technologies, like e-mobility or hydrogen, present challenges for manufacturing companies in the commercial vehicle industry. Consequently, companies must strengthen their focus to the aspect of flexibility within their manufacturing processes. This paper contributes to the state of the art in flexible manufacturing technologies research, which enables manufacturing companies to deal with these increasing flexibility requirements. Focussing on the area of final assembly the paper takes a holistic perspective and characterizes the readiness of automotive companies to be able to implement flexible manufacturing technologies. The system ecosystem and the process organization of automotive companies are examined with respect to the requirements of flexible manufacturing. Finally, gaps that hinder the implementation of flexible manufacturing technologies are identified and described, and possible solution concepts for the identified gaps are proposed.

Facilitating decision-making for the adoption of smart manufacturing technologies by SMEs via fuzzy TOPSIS

The fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 has changed today's manufacturing scenario. The need to make manufacturing systems agile, adaptive, resilient, and robust, due to the pandemic, has expediated the adoption and implementation of smart manufacturing technologies. Despite the interest of manufacturers in smart manufacturing, the adoption rate has been slow. Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can be especially hindered in adoption due to the lack of a transition strategy and identification of relevant technologies required to achieve a smart factory. Although there is literature that provides maturity and readiness models and toolkits for adoption, the decision-making models for SMEs are inadequate. This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making model as a tool to provide a means for evaluating a large range of smart manufacturing technologies while considering the status quo for SMEs. The aim of this project is to aid SMEs in the adoption of smart manufacturing technologies by providing a roadmap to assess performance parameters and identify an appropriate smart manufacturing technology for adoption. The recommended technology is tailored to the requirements of the SME using fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The fuzzy TOPSIS technique aggregates the opinions of decision makers and uses a fuzzy environment to account for their subjectivity. The inclusion of personnel as provided by the model from various hierarchical levels promotes favourable implementation by insertion in the transition process while also educating the personnel of the technologies. An industry case study with individuals from an SME, Levil Technology, and Florida's Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) Center, FloridaMakes, is conducted to assess the preference for five smart manufacturing technologies over a range of eleven criteria pertaining to performance, sustainability, quality, cost and maintenance. The results give clarity regarding the preference for critical manufacturing criteria by assigning weightage, and identifies the most relevant technology catering to the preferred criteria. Predictive analytics for asset health monitoring was found to be most preferred followed by a digitally connected factory for visibility into production operations. The determination of rank will allow manufacturers to assess the manufacturing alternatives with respect to the key performance indicators for transition to Industry 4.0.

Ensuring sustainable development of enterprises based on lean production methodologies and six sigma

In the article, themain goals, principles, and methods of Lean Manufacturing are thoroughly examined, taking into account the experience of its implementation in various enterprises and organizations. This analysis is based on scientific publications regarding the implementation of Lean Manufacturing tools and technologies in recent years. The article also analyzes the sustainable development of the main approaches to the combined use of Lean Production technologies and the Six Sigma concept, considering the current economic situation. An example of a successful integration of Lean Manufacturing approaches and the Six Sigma concept is provided.

Modelling the critical success factors for advanced manufacturing technology implementation in small and medium sized enterprises

In almost every part of the world, small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) are seen as the backbone of economic expansion. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) typically have a simpler organisational structure than large corporations, which allows them to be more adaptable, provide instantaneous feedback, have shorter decision-making chains, and respond more quickly to customer needs. Even so, SMEs face enormous pressure to stay competitive in both domestic and international markets. Globalization, new technologies, and evolving consumer preferences are all contributing to a shift in the competitive landscape. These shifts are compelling small and mediumsized enterprises to adopt cutting-edge manufacturing techniques. The goal of this research is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) that will help and guarantee that SMEs will be able to successfully implement AMTs (SMEs). Literature-based CSFs for AMT deployment are collected and fine-tuned using input from professionals in the field and scholars in the academy. The method of interpretive structural modelling (ISM) is applied to this CSF analysis. According to the ISM study, the three most important factors influencing the adoption of AMT are "Top management support and commitment," "entrepreneurial environment," and "financial availability." The desired goal of AMT implementation is found to be "performance improvement" and "sustainable AMT implementation." The identified CSFs and the structural relationship between them will help SMEs' top management create and prioritise business strategies that ease the implementation of AMT. The study's results point potential AMT financiers in the right direction by highlighting a handful of critical considerations that will improve the project's chances of success.

STRATEGY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: THE EFFECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF SMART MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES

The socio-economic effects from the introduction of smart manufacturing technologies are of significant interest in terms of their generalisation and systematisation at the current stage of the digital transformation on industrial enterprises, as well as the objectives in the context of industrial modernization and new business model development. The proposed systematisation is based on the allocation of three groups of socio-economic effects according to the main direction of their action. The first group of effects primarily leads to reduction in the costs of industrial enterprises. The second group of effects leads mainly to an increase in revenues: some effects to a greater extent in the short and medium term, others in the long term, including through the creation of long-term distinctive capabilities, unique competencies, and sustainable competitive advantages for industrial companies. The third group of effects includes social and economic effects that are broader in focus and have a multiplicative effect, as well as the character of positive externalities (external effects).As a result of systematisation, the author identified in three groups, respectively, 12, 8 and 13 effects from the implementation of the complex of smart manufacturing technologies. The author stresses the particular importance of studying the socio-economic effects from the implementation of smart manufacturing technologies, since many improvements at the intersection of production and social transformation are currently insufficiently studied. It contrasts to the core production effects, many of which have been studied in sufficient detail by the scientific and expert communities. Systematisation, classification, differentiation and quantitative assessment of various socio-economic effects of the complex of smart manufacturing technologies can and even in a certain sense should (in the context of the tasks to modernise the economy and industries of the Russian Federation) become a separate subject area at the intersection of performance management and smart production.

Additive manufacturing for metal-based bio-implant development: A bibliometric analysis

The trend of growth and global population expansion generate new issues in health care, demanding rapid solutions tailored to specific clinical needs. Additive manufacturing is a rapidly evolving technology for biomedical applications and metal implant fabrication. Additive manufacturing allows the development of complex structures with biomimicry attributes in reduced lead time. This article comprises a general overview of the implementation of various additive manufacturing technologies in biomedical applications. In addition, the research area under examination has also been described using bibliometric analysis, which includes the number of publications each year and in terms of regional distribution, top-cited documents, citation mapping of journals and researchers, co-occurrence mapping, keyword analysis, country-wise publications, cluster assessment, content analysis, etc. Moreover, future study directions are highlighted with an objective to recuperate the curiosity of the global research community to mature this technique further.

Impact of brick kiln emissions on soil quality: A case study of Ashulia brick kiln cluster, Bangladesh

There are more than 7000 active brick kilns in Bangladesh to meet the country's growing demand for building materials. The country's brick kiln industry employs more than 1.0 million people and contributes around 1.0% to the national economy. A substantial number of the country's brick kilns are located in the Greater Dhaka Region. Urban air pollution has become a great concern in this region due to the stack emissions during the brick manufacturing period. Estimation revealed that around 1.80 million tons of carbon dioxide, 302,200 tons of carbon monoxide, 23,300 tons of particulate matters, 15,500 tons of sulfur dioxide, and 6000 tons of black carbon are emitted to manufacture 3.50 billion bricks annually. In previous research contributions, the effect of air pollution from the brick kiln operation in this region has been addressed. However, no past study has assessed the effect of heavy metals released from brick kiln emissions during their production period on the adjacent soil environment of this region. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine heavy metal concentrations in the top soils and their adverse effects on the soil quality from active brick kilns, situated in the Ashulia region of Greater Dhaka. The soil sampling within the vicinity of the studied three brick kilns was performed at different radial distances ranging from 0 to 400 m during the brick production period. The concentration level of the analyzed heavy metal contents from the 15 sampling locations was found in the following order, iron > magnesium > calcium > manganese > zinc > nickel > chromium > copper > arsenic > lead > cadmium. The concentration level of cadmium (mean 2.82 mg.kg−1) resulted to be very high than its threshold limit (1.40 mg.kg−1) in the majority of the sampling locations. A significantly high level of soil pollution was evaluated within the study area through the applied pollution evaluation indices. The study findings indicate prospective damage to the studied soil environment and ecological settings of Ashulia, due to the emissions from the brick kilns which require suggested emission control and soil remediation actions, and implementation of eco-brick manufacturing technologies without further delay.

A comprehensive review on applications of 3D printing in natural fibers polymer composites for biomedical applications

Over the past few decades, three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have surpassed the conventional manufacturing techniques due to their wide applications and advantages. The applications of 3D printing in biomedical field is ever increasing due to improvement in accuracy and surface quality of products. The development of biomedical implants through patient specific data and rapid tooling techniques has revolutionized the research activities. Now-a-days, the metal printers have capability to directly create metal implants using biocompatible metallic alloys. This paper focuses on the potential applications of 3D printing in biomedical fields with specific emphasis on tissue engineering and bio-printing of organs using bio-inks. This paper also reviews various biocompatible and biodegradable materials used in recent in-vivo and in-vitro studies. It has been deduced from the study that use of natural fibers in polymers resulted in improved mechanical strength of products. Also, the implementation of additive manufacturing technologies for production of composites would lead to production of customized product.

Development of Tail and Nose Cone for Underwater Vertical Profiler Using Fused Deposition Modelling Technology

Unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) research is currently a prominent and quite well-known topic for researchers from various engineering disciplines. A wide number of applications for 3D printing technologies have been explored, including robotics, automotive components, food, healthcare, space, marine, etc. This paper introduces the implementation of additive manufacturing technology (3D printing) into marine applications. The use of various 3D printing processes to create complex, cost-effective profiles have recently gained popularity to test the durability of newly designed products. The subsequent sections will explain the development of 3D printed nose and tail cones for the Underwater vehicles which will be used for underwater exploration. The development process is divided into the design of nose and tail cones using Solidworks, a 3D design software, flow analysis for the estimation and reduction of drag, operational depth of 3D printed parts using FEA software ANSYS, and prototyping using fused deposition modelling technology. The developed tail and nose cone were implemented into the vertical profiler and tested at the NITK swimming pool and successfully profiled the vertical column of the pool.

Mullite Reinforced SiC/Al2O3 Composites Prepared by Microwave Sintering Based on Green Manufacturing

In the preparation process of composites, the implementation of green manufacturing technology has an important impact on improving material properties and preparation efficiency. The adopting of green manufacturing technology not only greatly reduces the energy consumption but also effectively avoids the environmental pollution. Compared with the traditional material preparation process, the material preparation process for green manufacturing is a new concept and idea. Microwave sintering is such an efficient, clean, and pollution-free preparation process, so it is widely used in the field of material preparation. By microwave sintering, the mullite reinforced SiC/Al2O3 composites with different SiC particle size were prepared from the composite powders composed of SiC particles coated with SiO2, by a sol-gel method and Al2O3 particles. The effect of SiC particle size on the microstructure, bulk density, fracture toughness, flexural strength, and thermal shock resistance of SiC/Al2O3 composites was studied. The bulk density, fracture toughness, and flexural strength were evaluated by the Archimedes method, single-side notched beam method, and three-point bending method, respectively. The thermal shock resistance of samples was investigated through the combination of water quenching and three-point bending methods. The results showed that with the increase of SiC particle size, the bulk density, fracture toughness, and flexural strength of samples all increased first and then decreased. The bulk density, fracture toughness, flexural strength, and flexural strength retention of SiC(5 μm)/Al2O3 composites were better than those of other samples, which were 2.06 g/cm3, 1.98 MPa·m1/2, 63 MPa, and 60%, respectively. The better mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance of SiC(5 μm)/Al2O3 composites are due to the formation of bridging mullite whiskers between SiC and Al2O3 particles with large length diameter ratio. Therefore, the unique sintering mechanisms of size coupling effect and local thermal aggregation effect in microwave sintering were discussed. The research results can not only provide reference for the preparation process of mullite reinforced SiC/Al2O3 composites but also for the wide application of microwave sintering technology.

Fabrication of a Stainless-Steel Pump Impeller by Integrated 3D Sand Printing and Casting: Mechanical Characterization and Performance Study in a Chemical Plant

The emergence of additive manufacturing is renovating the landscape of available production technologies. In this paper, we describe the fabrication of a closed vane pump impeller (ϕ 206 mm, height 68 mm, weight 4 kg) by binder jetting 3D printing of a sand mould followed by casting using stainless steel 316 to create an identical copy of a part in service in a chemical plant in Tarragona, Spain. The original part was reverse engineered and used to create a sand mould by binder jetting 3D printing on which new impellers were fabricated by casting. Metallographic studies showed an austenitic matrix with 6.3% of ferritic phase and 40 μm × 8 μm ferrite grains without precipitated carbides. The impeller was put into operation in a centrifugal pump at a polyol/polyglycol plant belonging to Dow Chemical Ibérica SL from October 2020 to April 2021. Process variables related to the pump behaviour were compared with the same variables obtained in previous cycles with the original impeller for three different product viscosities (30, 180, and 500 cSt). At 500 cSt, the average current consumption was 9.34 A as compared with the 9.41 A measured with the original impeller. Similarly, the pump pressure remained essentially constant during process operation with both impellers (3.97 bar with the new impeller vs. 3.99 bar with the old). Other monitored parameters (product flow, tank level) were similar in both cases, validating the fabrication strategy from an operational point of view. This work further demonstrated that the implementation of additive manufacturing technologies in chemical process engineering is a useful solution to fabricate spare parts that are difficult to replicate with other technologies, providing consequent economic benefits.

Implementation of additive manufacturing technologies in the design and build process of a two-seater high-performance electric vehicle

This paper seeks to document the implementation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies in the Electric Vehicle (EV) design cycle. AM has been known to shorten prototyping phases and provide an edge in small volume or customised product manufacturing in most product design. It also opens more possibilities for generative design methods in computer aided design (CAD) for better weight saving optimisations and organic form aesthetics. In more mature engineering fields, such as automotive engineering, we start to see companies implementing AM technologies not just to their prototypes, but also to final parts and components of their products. Insights on how effective 3D printing technology can assist the automotive industry in simplifying their processes, speed up design timeline, as well as any improvements on their design aesthetics and performances will be covered in this paper.

High-Q High Power Tunable Filters Manufactured With Injection Molding Technology

This paper presents the first demonstration of injection molding technology to enable large-scale mass manufacturing of high-performance tunable microwave filters to meet the growing needs of 5G small cell stations. This is the first time that a tunable filter satisfies all four of the following requirements simultaneously: low manufacturing cost, high quality factor, wide tuning range, and high power handling. Exhaustive research exists on the use of polymers for 3D microwave device manufacturing; nonetheless, mass-production technologies, such as injection molding, can provide low costs without compromising performance. The proposed bandpass filter implementation uses a tunable evanescent-mode cavity resonator injection molded with an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene thermoplastic polymer. In addition, changing the critical gap size over the resonator’s post using a commercial microactuator provides frequency tuning. The measured filter achieves an 86% tuning range from 2.8 – 5.2 GHz with a state-of-the-art measured unloaded quality factor <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{u}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1548 – 2573. The filter has a measured insertion loss of 0.06 - 0.1 dB with a fractional bandwidth from 7.6 - 8.4% across the entire tuning range. Moreover, for the first time in this manufacturing technology implementation, a bandpass filter is demonstrated with power handling capabilities beyond 100 W. The manufactured device demonstrates the significant potential of this technology for the scale-up manufacturing of reconfigurable high- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> RF filters without compromising the performance.