Implementation Of International Financial Reporting Standards Research Articles

Міжнародний досвід бухгалтерського обліку маркетингових витрат

The international aspects of marketing cost accounting cover various approaches and practices that influence companies’ management decisions and financial reporting worldwide. Implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) ensures the unification of methods for recognizing and classifying marketing expenses, contributing to transparency and comparability of financial and non-financial data. Different countries adapt these standards to their economic and regulatory characteristics, leading to variations in accounting practice. Analysis of international experience allows business entities to improve management strategies and increase cost efficiency. Studying these aspects is critical to ensuring competitiveness and stability in the global business environment. The article aims to summarize the priority international approaches to the recognition and measurement of marketing expenses in financial statements. The study used deduction, analysis, synthesis, and generalization methods. It is established that the primary documents regulating the accounting treatment of marketing costs include IAS 38 «Intangible Assets» (for capitalization of marketing costs, if justified) and IAS 15 «Revenue from Contracts with Customers» (for advertising and promotion costs related to contracts). One of the most promising types of marketing in today’s conditions is digital, which is confirmed by the amount of financing in European countries. The international standards governing the accounting of marketing costs are generalized. The results obtained can be used to improve domestic UAS and develop internal regulations for business entities. We see promising areas for further research in studying the issues of consistency between international and national accounting standards to identify common and distinctive features and areas for improving domestic regulations, as well as developing primary and reporting forms that will allow an objective reflection of their financial basis and serve as an essential source of data for management personnel. Keywords: marketing expenses, accounting, IFRS, marketing, advertising.

OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN TAX RELATIONS: NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND STANDARDS IN ACCOUNTING PROCESSES

The article addresses the critical role of accounting information in the context of tax relations, particularly in the dynamic business environment influenced by globalization. It emphasizes the necessity for structured data organization and information flow to enhance managerial decision-making processes. A significant focus is placed on the quality of accounting data, which is foundational for effective tax reporting and compliance. The study reviews existing literature, highlighting the contributions of Ukrainian researchers who stress the importance of relevant and high-quality accounting information for decision-making. The paper aims to explore the evolving approaches to accounting data formation, driven by globalization and the challenges it presents in tax interactions. It discusses the implications of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which have been developed to ensure transparency, comparability, and high-quality financial reporting across borders. The article notes that while IFRS adoption is mandatory for many entities in Europe, discrepancies in implementation exist among member states, leading to varied disclosure requirements. Furthermore, the introduction of the Standard Audit File for Tax (SAF-T) is examined as a modern solution for enhancing data exchange between businesses and tax authorities. This XML format enables tax officials to access comprehensive accounting information, facilitating tax audits and compliance checks. The integration of SAF-T with IFRS reporting is posited to improve data quality and operational efficiency while addressing the increasing demand for reliable accounting information. In conclusion, the article argues that the implementation of IFRS and SAF-T can significantly enhance financial transparency and comparability, thereby reducing risks and costs associated with investment evaluations in the global market. However, it also acknowledges potential challenges in managing accounting practices and the need for advanced measures to accurately reflect a company's financial status and performance. This comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of high-quality accounting data in navigating the complexities of modern tax relations

The Possible Future Implementation of The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Libya

The research aims to examine the feasibility of implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Libya. Based on 306 survey responses and 11 interview transcripts from 2015 and 2018, most respondents had sufficient awareness and knowledge of IFRS and believed its implementation would positively impact financial reports. The top two factors affecting implementation are government instability and corruption, followed by language barriers, low education levels, and political factors. However, most respondents did not feel that adoption of IFRS was urgent. Women were more optimistic than men about government regulations and training courses assisting with IFRS implementation. Respondents were more concerned about the negative effects of political instability on IFRS implementation in 2018 than in 2015. The study found that IFRS standards that do not conform to Islamic requirements could be excluded. The research recommends stakeholders encourage and support training programs for accounting specialists and integrate IFRS into Libyan education programs.

Geopolitical Dynamics and the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards: Implications from the Conflict between Ukraine and Russia

This study explores the potential implications of geopolitical dynamics surrounding the conflict between Ukraine and Russia on the adoption and implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in affected countries. Analyzing the interplay between political tensions, economic sanctions, and domestic instability, the research sheds light on the challenges and opportunities for regulatory harmonization and financial transparency in regions affected by geopolitical conflicts. Key findings highlight the impact of regulatory uncertainty, economic sanctions, and security concerns on businesses' compliance with IFRS, as well as the influence of policy shifts and government agendas on the trajectory of regulatory reforms. The study underscores the importance of adaptive regulatory strategies and international cooperation in promoting financial stability, transparency, and resilience amid geopolitical uncertainty and conflict. By addressing these challenges, stakeholders can navigate the complexities of geopolitical dynamics to advance the adoption and implementation of IFRS, fostering global financial standards and stability in the face of geopolitical challenges.

Culture clash or collaboration? Unraveling the role of hierarchical organizational culture in International Financial Reporting Standards adoption

AbstractThis research study investigates the influence of organizational culture on the quality of earnings when adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The results reveal a positive association between hierarchical organizational culture and earnings quality, indicating that organizations with strong hierarchical cultures tend to generate high‐quality financial reports during the implementation of IFRS. This finding aligns with the principles of contingency theory, which suggests that hierarchical cultures are particularly effective in ensuring accurate and reliable financial reporting, especially in situations characterized by high uncertainty or complexity. Based on these findings, the study recommends the cultivation of a favorable organizational culture to maximize the benefits of IFRS in terms of higher earnings quality under the new accounting standards. By nurturing a hierarchical culture that prioritizes accuracy, accountability, and compliance, organizations can enhance their ability to produce reliable financial reports and effectively meet the requirements of IFRS. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the relationship between organizational culture, IFRS adoption, and earnings quality. The practical implications derived from these findings emphasize the significance of fostering a supportive organizational culture to harness the positive impact of IFRS on earnings quality.

Satu Dekade IFRS dan Relevansi Nilai Laba pada 50 Biggest Market Capitalization

<p><em>This study aims to examine whether the convergence of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) can increase the Value Relevance of earnings on the financial statements of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (ISE). This study covers the period before the IFRS convergence (pre- IFRS) in 2010 and after the IFRS convergence (post-IFRS) in 2019. The research sample is a public company that is included in the 50 largest market capitalization, 50 biggest trading frequencies, 50 biggest trading volumes, and 50 biggest trading values. The study was conducted by comparing the adjusted R square value in multiple linear regression models in the period before and after IFRS, and comparing the adjusted R square value between net income and comprehensive income after IFRS. The results of the study prove that there is an increase in the relevance of the value of earnings after the implementation of IFRS and comprehensive income has a value relevance that is higher than net income. The results of the study prove that there is an increase in the relevance of the value of earnings after the implementation of IFRS and comprehensive income has a value relevance that is higher than net income.</em></p>

Do Corporate Social Responsibility and International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation Matter?

This investigation examines how Pakistani banks listed on stock markets fare when International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are implemented and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities are carried out. This study compares the financial performance of banks over a 3-year period before and following the introduction of IFRS, using a sample of all 22 banks listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. To address endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity problems, the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is adopted. This study reveals that the implementation of IFRS has a favorable and considerable effect on the performance of the banks. CSR has a substantial impact on ROE but has a relatively smaller effect on ROA. We discovered that the performance indicators, such as BV and EPS, have little bearing on stock return of firms in the banking sectors. The MV of stock has dropped with the increasing standard of financial reporting, but the effect of COVID-19 cannot be ignored. The study reveals that IFRS implementation affects bank performance, while CSR significantly impacts ROE. IFRS adherence enhances performance, while CSR initiatives benefit stakeholders and contribute to social welfare and sustainable development.

The Challenges Small and Medium-Sized Entities Face in Adopting and Implementing International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium-Sized Entities: A Case of Windhoek Central Business District

The study’s objective was to identify the barriers preventing SMEs in Namibia from adopting and implementing IFRS for SMEs. The research employed a quantitative methodology. A questionnaire with closed-ended questions was utilized to obtain data from respondents. A sample of 169 respondents was drawn from 300 SMEs using a straightforward random sampling technique. The sample size was determined using the Slovin Formula. The was considered adequate for the study. The study finds that SMEs in Namibia are not fully adopting IFRS for SMEs due to a lack of training, the inability to recruit professional accountants due to the high cost of doing so, the lack of experienced employees in SMEs, and the unwillingness of SME owners to reveal their financial transactions to third parties. The further study demonstrates that it is only possible to monitor SMEs’ success if they fully embrace and execute IFRS for SMEs. This is due to the poor maintenance of accounting records, inadequate compilation of financial statements, and the use of inexperienced and underqualified employees in accounting. This report offers regulators and relevant stakeholders a foundation upon which to develop strategies for assisting SMEs to fully embrace and apply IFRS for SMEs for the benefit of the Namibian economy.

Role of Investors' Protection On The Relationship Between International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation And Earnings Response Coefficient Of Listed Companies In Nigeria

This study was interested in unraveling the efficacy of investors’ protection on earnings response in an IFRS environment. This is because investors still consider information on investors’ protection besides earnings in taking their decisions. Yet, this rare variable is usually treated with laxity in the firms’ annual reports. The study assessed the interactive effects between IFRS provisions and investors' protection on the Earnings Response Coefficient of listed companies in Nigerian. This study adopted historical-descriptive research design and content analysis research designs. This was conducted using forty six listed companies in Nigerian covering the period of 6 years (2013 to 2018). The data of the study was analyzed using the Partial Least Square. It was discovered that ERC improves with the moderating effect of strong investors’ protection in an IFRS environment. It is therefore recommended that firms listed in the Nigerian stock exchange should as a result of necessity improve on their investors' protection in order to promote a high earnings response coefficient under an IFRS environment

Moderating Effect of Earnings Persistence on the Relationship Between International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation and Earnings Response Coefficient of Listed Companies in Nigeria

This study examined the moderating effect of earnings persistence on the relationship between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Implementation and Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) of listed companies in Nigeria. This was done to evaluate the reason behind the poor utilization of capital market, especially equity market for funding of developmental project by both public and private sector entities. This study adopted historical-descriptive and content analysis research designs. This was conducted using forty six listed companies in Nigerian covering the period of 6 years (2013 to 2018). The data of the study was analyzed using the Partial Least Square. The results of the cross sectional effect model show that IFRS implementation brings about high quality information, but it is not sufficient enough to induce a change in the ERC. It was discovered that investors and speculators alike pay close attention to the degree to which current period earnings shocks persist in the future, and this outcome propels the IFRS compliance to enhance a high earnings response coefficient of firms in the stock market. It is therefore recommended that the financial reports of listed companies in Nigerian should be designed to improve the information contents of accounting earnings in order to include inherent socio-economic risk, full disclosure of net income, past and prospective earnings

The implications of IFRS on the credit market: Evidence from the emerging market

Banks are usually assessed credit risk based on borrowers’ financial statements to monitor credit risk over the life of the lending contract (Beatty, 2008; Golubeva, 2020). Thus, this research examines the implications of mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implementation on the rational investment decisions of lenders and borrowers in the emerging market (e.g., the Iraqi credit market). Quantitative data were collected, nearly 137000 credit/loan contracts and 500 debenture contracts of almost 750 individual companies. We separate the dataset into two periods, earlier and later IFRS implementation using interaction variables to extract other economic factors’ impact on loan contract stipulation. Even though enhancing the quality of financial statements is the most rational objective of IFRS adoption and implementation, the results show insignificant improvement. IFRS implementation has a limited effect in enhancing financial statements’ quality during the conversion period. This finding supports the view that economic advantages do not essentially contribute to the application of IFRS but depend on other considerations and the level of disclosure practices

IFRS adoption and the impact on foreign direct investment – evidence from Central and Eastern European countries

Abstract The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is supposed to improve transparency by increasing the quality and the comparability of financial information. Qualitative financial information plays an important role in describing the position of a company and its financial performance, which are relevant to the investors in the decision-making process. At European level, the appearance of Regulation no.1606/2002 stimulated the implementation process by requiring to each listed company from European capital markets to prepare consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS for each fiscal year beginning with 1st January 2005. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) in 4 countries from Central and Eastern Europe and the IFRS adoption. The FDI inflows are a key factor in the economic development of a country due to their long term commitment in the business of the host country. In the present study, net inflows of FDI were analyzed in the period of 1990-2020 based on the data collected from the World Bank website. Even if we cannot draw a direct line between IFRS implementation and the increase of FDI, we cannot fail to notice that in the years when there have been changes in the legislation on convergence to IFRS there have been significant increases in the attracted FDI.

OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (IFRS) AND APPLICATION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND TURKISH TAX PROCEDURE LAW (TPL)

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to explain the differences between IFRS and Turkish Tax Procedure Law (TPL), give information about how financial statements are presented according to TPL and IFRS, and show the presentation of financial statements in practice by specifying the theoretical and application differences in the two frameworks. Methodology- Within the scope of this research, the balance sheet and income statements were explained in detail in terms of TPL and IFRS applications on account basis, correction and classification records were made within the scope of IFRS, and the financial statements were reproduced for a sample firm. Findings- The general validity of the financial statements prepared by each country according to its own rules is lower than the general validity of the financial statements prepared according to IFRS. Financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS are standardized with a single application integrity. Conclusion- With the implementation of IFRS, it is ensured that all financial statement readers, regardless of country, company or location, gather under a single standard, under a single roof, and interpret the reporting in the same way. Thus, it will increase confidence, transparency and stability in the markets for users of financial statements. Keywords: International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Tax Procedure Law (TPL), financial statements, accounting standards. JEL Codes: M40, M41, M42

Advantages and problems of IFRS implementation within the framework of unification of the financial reporting process

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) consist of accounting rules that determine how transactions and other accounting events should be reflected in the financial statements. They are designed to maintain credibility and transparency in the financial world, enabling investors and business operators to make informed financial decisions. The role of international financial reporting standards is to generate the most reliable information about an organisation's financial condition and financial performance. Reporting acts as a means of communication within national and international markets. Globalization adds significance to the convergence with IFRS, as financial reports prepared according to national standards do not satisfy the needs and interests of users and decision-makers. This article describes the benefits and challenges associated with IFRS implementation and compliance. Considering the favourable bonuses that IFRS is expected to bring and the challenges companies face in adopting and continuously complying with IFRS, it is essential to discuss the theoretical and empirical studies performed pre and post-implementation of the standards under discussion. The current research paper is designed to analyze the existing literature on the benefits and challenges of IFRS adoption as a part of the unification of the financial reporting process.

The Effects of International Financial Reporting Standards Implementation on the Financial Performance and Position of Businesses in Developing Countries: Evidence from Kosovo

The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are now used in many countries around the world, are an important step in the international development of financial reporting and auditing as they create international harmonization and a common language of financial reporting and accounting between companies and countries. Given Kosovo's recent adoption of IFRS, the purpose of this study is to undertake an empirical examination of the implementation of IFRS for enterprises that are legally obliged to comply with these standards. The research quantifies the impact of these standards on the actual performance and financial position ratios of the businesses examined by comparing periods before and after the implementation of IFRS. Research findings suggest that the adoption and implementation of IFRS did not affect the profitability and returns of businesses. In the contrary, long-term solvency and stability of businesses in Kosovo was affected by the implementation of IFRS. Additionally, there was an influence on the short-term solvency and liquidity of firms in Kosovo during the pre- and post-adoption periods of IFRS.

On price difference of A+H companies

PurposeFor Chinese companies that cross-list in Chinese A share and Hong Kong (H share) markets, the H share price has been consistently lower than the A share price by an average of 85% in recent years. This is puzzling because most institutional differences between the two markets have been eliminated since 2007. The purpose of this study is to explain the puzzle of the price difference of A+H companies.Design/methodology/approachUsing all A and H share Chinese firms in the period 2007–2013 and a simultaneous equations approach, this study identifies three new explanations for the recent price difference.FindingsFirst, utilizing a unique earning quality measure that is directly related to non-persistent components of fair value accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), this study finds that the lower the earnings quality, the lower the H share price relative to the A share price, and hence the greater the price difference. Second, the higher the myopic investor ownership in A share firms, the larger the A share price relative to the H share price. Third, the short-selling mechanism introduced to the A share market since 2010 helps reduce the price difference.Originality/valueFirst, this study identifies three new explanations for the puzzle of the AH price difference which remains substantial even after the institutional and accounting standards differences between the two markets were eliminated. Second, we examine the impact of the implementation of fair value accounting under IFRS in an emerging market on the pricing difference of cross-listed shares and reveal that it can induce an unintended negative consequence on the pricing difference of cross-listed shares. Third, this study contributes to the literature on short sales by providing its mitigating role in pricing differences across two different markets. Finally, this study makes improvements in research design, which utilizes a unique measure of earnings quality that is directly related to the implementation of IFRS and a simultaneous equations approach that minimizes endogeneity concern.

Impact of risk disclosure on the volatility, liquidity and performance of the UK and Canadian insurance companies

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the impact of risk disclosure practices (voluntary, mandatory and risk disclosure index) on stock return volatility, market liquidity and financial performance for insurance companies in the UK and Canada, before and after the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption.Design/methodology/approachThe panel data analysis covers 14 insurance companies in the UK and 12 in Canada over a six-year period, three years before and three years after the implementation of IFRS. The authors collected risk disclosure data manually from the annual reports and analyzed it through QSR NVivo software for each country. The other variables are secondary data collected from Thomson Reuters Eikon and Datastream.FindingsThe results reveal that mandatory risk disclosure practices positively influence stock return volatility for UK insurers but not Canadian ones. Moreover, both mandatory and voluntary risk disclosures increase market liquidity for UK insurers. The outcomes also show a negative influence of risk disclosure practices on financial performance for both the UK and Canadian insurers. The adoption of IFRS enhances the impact of risk disclosure practices in both countries on market liquidity and financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings rationalize the impact of risk disclosure practices on volatility, liquidity and financial performance of UK and Canada insurers, and the effect of IFRS in triggering those results.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight the diverse effects of voluntary and mandatory risk disclosure practices in enhancing market discipline and mitigating information asymmetry problems to investors. Regulators and policymakers could rely on the findings to amend and develop disclosure standards more frequently to assure their effectiveness. The authors also offer insights to managers to determine the levels of mandatory and voluntary disclosure practices and disclosure strategies to gain their stakeholders’ confidence.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature of risk disclosure in the insurance industry for both the UK and Canada where scarce studies are conducted. It also offers interesting implementations to investors, managers and policymakers.

Building Contracts PSAK NO.34, Registered Manufacture Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)

The purpose of this study is to analyze and review the differences between reporting changes in equity before and after the adoption of IFRS, as well as to study the impact of reporting changes in equity on the return on investments. The sample used is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for four years from 2008 to 2011. Intentional sampling was used in the sampling method and the number of samples used was 16 from 132 manufacturers. Explanations are used in this type of research. Data analysis methods used simple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing using a t (various) test or a paired sample test. The results of the analysis show that there is an impact between changes in inventory reporting and inventory performance. The t (difference) test shows that there is a difference in reporting changes in equity before and after the implementation of IFRS. This research is intended for potential researchers who wish to conduct a study comparing statements of changes in equity before and after the application of IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), as well as for researchers interested in resolving issues related to International Financial Reporting Standards. it will be useful. The impact of stock volatility reports on stock returns.

The impact of IFRS adoption on the value relevance of accounting information in Saudi Arabia

AbstractWe examined the joint and relative value relevance of book value of equity (BVE) and earnings before (2015–2016), after (2017–2018) and during the comparative year (2016) of mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Saudi Arabia. Results show that the accounting information is jointly value relevant (R2), with no significant change between accounting information prepared under Saudi GAAP and IFRS. However, we found a positive change in the relative value relevance of the BVE after IFRS implementation, mainly related to the introduction of fair value measurement. Differences in value relevance were found across variances in company characteristics.

A practical model to implementing IFRS in the national accounting system: The case of Azerbaijan

The purpose of this article is to develop a methodological approach to substantiating the effective consolidation model of national accounting standards (NAS) with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for Azerbaijan. Using the questionnaire method, the advantages, and obstructions of IFRS implementation in Azerbaijan have been assessed, depending on the practicing models of consolidation of NAS and IFRS. Using fuzzy sets made it possible to determine the levels of development of advantages and obstructions associated with the introduction of IFRS into national accounting practice in Azerbaijan. We determined the most effective model of consolidation of NAS and IFRS for the enterprises of Azerbaijan. The effectiveness of implementing models for the consolidation of NAS and IFRS has been assessed to provide a balance between advantages and destructive factors in the implementation of IFRS.