Implementation Of Energy-saving Technologies Research Articles

How do energy supply and energy use link to environmental degradation in China?

China's energy supply and energy use are closely linked to environmental degradation. The country's heavy reliance on coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as its rapidly growing demand for energy, have contributed to air and water pollution, soil erosion, and other environmental problems. To address these issues, China must transition to cleaner and more sustainable forms of energy and implement policies to reduce energy demand and promote conservation. This paper explores the impacts of total primary energy supply and energy use on environmental degradation in China, using international trade and economic growth as moderating variables from 1971 to 2019. The results indicate that the total primary energy supply is significant at a 1% significance level, which suggests that it strongly impacts the ecological footprint. Energy use and international trade are significant at a 5% level, indicating that they also influence ecological footprint, albeit to a lesser extent. Economic growth is significant at a 1% significance level, suggesting a strong positive association with the ecological footprint. Energy supply improves the environment in China, whereas energy use degrades the environment. Policymakers should focus on promoting energy efficiency in the industrial and transportation sectors. This can be achieved through the implementation of energy-saving technologies, the promotion of public transportation, and the development of low-carbon transportation systems.

Impacts on the embodied carbon emissions in China’s building sector and its related energy-intensive industries from energy-saving technologies perspective: A dynamic CGE analysis

Research on embodied carbon emission reduction in the building sector from an energy-saving technology perspective has attracted wide attention. However, because the embodied carbon emissions in the building sector comprise a complex category involving multiple related industries, existing studies have often focused on the environmental impacts on one related industry, while few researchers have explored the impacts of energy-saving technologies on the embodied carbon emissions in the building sector from an industrial relevance perspective. In this study, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model was employed, and different energy-saving technology scenarios were established to assess the economic and environmental impacts on three related energy-intensive industries (the cement, steel and construction industries) and to analyze the impacts on the embodied carbon emissions in the building sector. The results indicated that the considered energy-saving technologies increased the outputs of the three related industries and reduced product prices. The energy-saving technologies reduced the energy and carbon emission intensities. It was also demonstrated that the embodied carbon emission reduction in the building sector mainly depends on the implementation of energy-saving technologies in the steel and cement industries, the construction industry exhibits a high potential for embodied carbon emission reduction, and the reduction potential largely depends on industry-wide energy-saving technologies.

Відновлювані джерела енергії й інші базові компоненти зростання енергоефективності та енергонезалежності

The article examines the current state of state policy in the field of energy saving and energy efficiency, prospects for further implementation of energy-saving technologies, taking into account national and world experience. Attention is focused on the fact that renewable energy sources can be considered as basic elements of energy efficiency of separate sectors of the economy and energy independence of the state as a whole. This is facilitated by the constant growth of humanity's energy needs, the lack of fossil fuel and energy resources, their depletion, as well as the introduction of modern trends in the development of industries. The state policy of Ukraine for the coming years, enshrined in a number of legislative and regulatory acts, envisages comprehensive support and development of the sphere of energy conservation, reduction of harmful anthropogenic impact on ecology, reduction of energy intensity of products. Ukraine has significant potential for energy saving and is gradually increasing efforts to improve the energy efficiency of separate industry of the economy and the energy independence of the state as a whole. In particular, in the field of architecture and urban planning, measures to increase the energy efficiency of buildings and constructions, through the use of renewable energy sources and the creation and implementation of modern automatic control systems for engineering subsystems in general life support systems, seem quite promising. In order to inherit the considerable previous scientific experience, the latest research and publications on this topic were analyzed. Prospective renewable energy sources, methods for determining their energy potential, regions and methods of practical use in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and constructions, as well as options for improving existing and creating new modern automatic control systems have been identified. Ways of further scientific research are planned.

Peculiarities of Housing and Communal Services and the Difficulties of Implementing Energy-Saving Technologies: The Case of Kazakhstan

The article considers the problems arising in the implementation of energy-saving technologies in the housing and communal services sector of Kazakhstan, including the example of specific situations. Despite the global trend of energy saving and increasing the energy efficiency of production and service provision, there is almost no introduction of energy-saving technologies by utility companies in Kazakhstan. After reviewing the experience of the previous 10 years and the unsuccessful attempts of Western manufacturers to enter this market, we identified the reasons for this situation, namely, the need to identify the exact institutional need for implementation with reference to the Kazakhstan regulatory framework, the need to consider the financial effect of the projects, not according to the prices of the producing countries (which are usually Western countries, where utility bills are much higher) but the Kazakhstan energy prices and/or tariffs for the necessary resources, as well as the necessity to calculate the economic and/or social effectiveness of the project. The authors present the results of the analysis of public utilities of Kazakhstan as DMUs (decision-making units). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was chosen as the method of analysis, which allows for a nonparametric evaluation of economic agents by several input and output parameters. The authors also propose aspects of technical policy aimed at the development of energy conservation in Kazakhstan.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT PRINCIPLES IN MANAGEMENT OF AN APARTMENT BUILDING IN UKRAINE

The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficiency of management of an apartment building in the context of energy efficiency. The article describes the conduct of an energy audit for apartment buildings, which allows a thorough assessment of this problem and identify optimal ways to save energy resources by apartment buildings. Energy audit is a special examination of residential buildings or enterprises, conducted by specialized specialists in energy certification of buildings to determine their technical condition and energy efficiency. Methodology. Within the framework of this article, the results of a sociological survey conducted among the heads of condominiums to analyze the level of their interest in the implementation of energy efficiency measures were analyzed. The value of the cost of 1 apartment for the implementation of the energy modernization project is calculated. Currently, "energy efficiency" and "energy saving" are extremely popular in Ukraine, due to the following: increasing the cost of energy resources;limited financial capacity of vulnerable groups to pay for services. Results of the survey showed an insufficient level of implementation of energy-saving technologies, although the level of interest of apartment building heads is very high. The development of energy efficiency programs for an apartment building is carried out not only taking into account the necessary priority measures, but also based on the financial capacity of the co-owners of the apartment building. The reason for the insufficient implementation of energy saving measures is the insufficient financial capacity of co-owners and, as a consequence, the apartment buildings themselves. State support for the implementation of energy efficiency in the management of apartment buildings has been studied in detail. It is concluded that large-scale involvement of apartment buildings in the implementation of energy efficiency programs is constrained by the following problems: insufficient funding; insufficient state support for project financing; distrust of co-owners to the effectiveness of the project; unsatisfactory condition of the apartment building, which requires significant financial costs. The growth rate of the number of condominium applications shows an increase in public confidence in the Program. However, they are not enough to talk about launching large-scale energy modernization of multi-apartment housing. Financial support of local authorities to their residents in the implementation of energy saving measures will contribute to even better results.

Energy-saving technology of high-protein silage preservation

The rationale for the present study is explained by the need of Russian and foreign agricultural producers in high-protein feed preservation efficiency increase and nutrients loss decrease, as well as implementation of energy-saving technologies. Currently, there is lack of research data on utilization of chemical and bacterial agents for silage preservation. There is no definite opinion on vacuum influence on fermentation processes during ensilaging and on qualitative parameters of silage. The aim of the study was to give grounds for technological processes of biocombined chemical conservant Tecacid and biological agent Biosil-NN utilization, as well as improvement of Eastern galega conservation technology for increase of qualitative parameters and energy management efficiency. Laboratory and production trials, performed during this study, showed that optimal and most efficient approach was silage two-phase combined treatment with Tecacid (1.5 L/ton) and Biosil-NN (1 L/40 ton). Consecutive processing of galega forage ensilaging contributed to increase of fermentation quality and preservation of nutrients regardless of anaerobiosis production techniques. When vacuum sealing was used instead of conventional method of sealing, total content of acids, including lactic and oleic, decreased, which improved fermentation quality. Materials of this article are of practical value for feed producers involved in high-protein silage preservation, because the obtained results proved high efficiency of two-phase combined application of chemical and bacterial agents.

Energy Efficiency of the Russian Regional Economy (a case study of the Sverdlovsk Region)

Today, Russia has the second highest value of GDP energy intensity in the world. Among many factors that determine this indicator, special mention can be made of low use efficiency of the fuel and energy resources. This leads to a decreased competitiveness of the national economy. The aim of this paper is to identify practical challenges that serve as a barrier to the reduction of specific energy consumption and to respond with optimal solutions at the level of a territorial entity of Russia (the Sverdlovsk region). The analysis of the fuel and energy balances and the gross regional product between 2015 and 2018 enabled us to identify the changes in the pattern of fuel and energy resources consumption in individual sectors of economy, as well as influencing factors. Special attention is given to the dynamics of average specific energy consumption indicators and to the status of communal infrastructure in the housing and community amenities sector. The study revealed that reduction of technical and commercial losses due to modernization of communal systems and implementation of energy-saving technologies can be achieved through efficient management via further development of public private partnership.

Energy saving is a major trend in shaping the EU energy package: lessons for Ukraine

Dziadykevych Yu.V., Sokhatska O.M., Liubezna I.V. ENERGY SAVING IS A MAJOR TREND IN SHAPING THE EU ENERGY PACKAGE: LESSONS FOR UKRAINE Purpose. The aim of the article is to research the aspects of foreign experience in the management of energy saving processes and energy efficiency of production activities. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. General and special methods are used in the course of the research, namely: abstract and logical (to outline the main factors that influence the management of energy-saving processes and energy efficiency of enterprises), deductive (to analyse the directions that contribute to energy-saving production activities) and generalization (when research of possibilities of introduction of innovations which are directed on development, creation of new types of technologies and new organizational forms of production). Findings. There are a number of barriers to effective energy use, such as financial, managerial, administrative, legal and market barriers. It is proved that energy saving should be a priority direction of the economic policy of the enterprise, while strategic directions of energy efficient policy of Ukraine should be: increase of volumes of own oil and gas production on the basis of new technologies; modernization of transport infrastructure; diversification of energy resources; reducing the share of energy-intensive industries and shaping the outlook for saving energy in society. It is substantiated that much attention should be paid to renewable energy, since this will demonopolize key segments of the energy market and ensure its transparency and predictability, thereby promoting the rational use of energy resources. External factors have been found to have a significant impact on energy conservation, in particular: regulatory framework, stability of the energy market, state incentive measures, material interest of producers in the implementation of energy-saving technologies and saving of energy resources. It is revealed that in the industrialized countries of the world there is an increase in the energy sector in the structure of the national economy, since the constant rise in prices for oil and natural gas leads to energy dependence on exporting countries and this problem is solved by energy conservation and the use of mixed energy supply. It is substantiated that the concept of efficient use of solar energy should take into account the peculiarities of the electricity complex of Ukraine in the context of integration into the EU energy space and accession to its energy packages. Originality. For the first time, it has been established that energy saving should be a priority direction of Ukraine's economic policy, which, unlike the existing one, allows to define strategic directions of energy efficient policy in Ukraine for increasing its own oil and gas production using modern types of technologies. The modernization of transport infrastructure and the diversification of energy sources have been further developed. The directions of reducing the share of energy-intensive industries and shaping the outlook for saving energy in Ukraine have been improved. Practical value. The introduction of high-energy and environmentally friendly energy sources into the production processes of enterprises in different sectors of the economy will increase their efficiency. Key words: energy saving; energy efficiency; energy resources; renewable energy sources; economic instruments; foreign experience.

Variable cross-section windings for efficiency improvement of electric machines

Implementation of energy-saving technologies in industry is impossible without efficiency improvement of electric machines. The article considers the ways of efficiency improvement and mass and dimensions reduction of electric machines with electronic control. Features of compact winding design for stators and armatures are described. Influence of compact winding on thermal and electrical process is given. Finite element method was used in computer simulation.

Strategies for a sustainable campus in Osaka University

This paper reports strategies toward achieving a sustainable campus at Osaka University, Japan. We advance a daily energy-use schedule for each building type to provide effective energy-saving strategies. We classify the facilities into three categories according to department type to reveal their energy-use patterns and identify their strategies for saving energy. These strategies will contribute to a sustainable campus using photovoltaic generation. Not only the implementation of energy-saving technologies but also the installation of renewable energy technologies will realize a sustainable campus at Osaka University. Category I (liberal arts) buildings have low energy density. The energy efficiency strategy for Category I is to develop zero-energy buildings by tuning the energy system to people's daily routines. Category II (science and engineering) buildings have high energy density. The energy efficiency strategy for Category II is effective energy conservation using the plan–do–check–act cycle. Category III buildings are large-scale facilities with experimental laboratories. The energy efficiency strategy for Category III is outsourcing energy management to an energy service company. Compared with fiscal year 2010, in 2015 Osaka University decreased energy use per unit floor space by 22%. It achieved these savings despite an increase in total floor area during that period.

Study of the subsolidus structure of the system ZnO–Al2O3–TiO2–SiO2

The study of the structure of the system ZnO–Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 –SiO 2 in the field of subsolidus using thermodynamic and geometric-topological methods, as well as the structure of poorly explored three-component systems ZnO – Al 2 O 3 – TiO 2 and ZnO – TiO 2 – SiO 2 , is conducted. It is found that the four-component system is divided into eight elementary tetrahedra. Their relative volumes, the degree of asymmetry are calculated. The lengths of tie lines, the relative volumes of phase existence, and probability of phase coexistence are determined. The topological graph of the relationship of the elementary tetrahedra is built. The geometric-topological characteristics of the system phases (volume of existence, probability of coexistence) are provided. The regions of oxide compositions with the largest relative volumes and the lowest degree of asymmetry for manufacturing a wide range of refractories, heat-resistant and technical ceramics, and also glass-crystalline materials and coatings are shown. The region of oxide compositions with a minimum temperature (1170 K) of melt occurrence, which is promising for producing materials under forced firing is determined. These data, in addition to identifying common statistical regularities, can be the basis for the synthesis of the given phase composition with the desired set of properties and implementation of energy-saving technologies.