Implementation Of Artificial Intelligence Systems Research Articles

Empathetic Algorithms: The Role of AI in Understanding and Enhancing Human Emotional Intelligence

In an era where artificial intelligence (AI) seamlessly integrates into the fabric of daily life, understanding and enhancing human emotional intelligence (EI) through empathetic algorithms emerges as a frontier in technological advancement. This research paper explores the development and application of AI systems capable of recognizing, interpreting, and responding to human emotions in a manner that fosters emotional growth and understanding. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study identifies the theoretical underpinnings of emotional intelligence and examines the current landscape of empathetic algorithms. Employing a mixed-methods approach, including case studies and empirical analysis, the paper presents novel insights into how AI can be engineered to support emotional intelligence across various domains, such as healthcare, education, and customer service. Ethical considerations, including privacy, consent, and data security, are thoroughly evaluated to address potential societal implications. The findings suggest that empathetic algorithms hold significant promise in enhancing human emotional intelligence, albeit with challenges that necessitate careful ethical and technical scrutiny. The research culminates in proposing a set of guidelines for future developments in this field, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. This study not only contributes to the theoretical framework of empathetic algorithms but also paves the way for future innovations that prioritize emotional intelligence in the design and implementation of AI systems.

THE FUTURE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 5TH COGNITIVE REVOLUTION

Purpose. The article addresses the issue of identifying the possible ways of foreign language teaching transformation, which is crucial in the face of a technological paradigm exponential shift experienced by the contemporary society. The subject of this research is changes in this process within the expecting 5th Cognitive Revolution. The author aims to show the prospects of professional development of a foreign language department instructor in view of the mass implementation of artificial intelligence systems based on Large Language Models. Methodology. The basis of the research is the personalised and symbolic approaches, as well as the principle of interdisciplinarity. Results. The results and novelty of this study are that the author specifies the periodisation of cognitive revolutions applied to education by analysing Russian and foreign researches. It is the technologies of the 5th Cognitive Revolution, distinguished by the synergy of human and machine intelligence, will determine the nature of foreign language teaching transformation in universities. The author assumes that the activity of instructors working for foreign language departments will be the most sensitive to professional turbulence due to the achievements of world research in the field of Large Language Models. The professional development of instructors appears to be related to their ability to interact with artificial systems with emotional intelligence and multimodal behaviour, such as Artificial Intelligent tutors and non-biological department employees within the hybrid education environment of a university. Practical implications. The results of this research can be applied in the development of technologies and methods of teaching foreign languages at universities.

Exploring citizens’ stances on AI in public services: A social contract perspective

Abstract This paper explores citizens’ stances toward the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in public services in Norway. Utilizing a social contract perspective, the study analyzes the government–citizen relationship at macro, meso, and micro levels. A prototype of an AI-enabled public welfare service was designed and presented to 20 participants who were interviewed to investigate their stances on the described AI use. We found a generally positive attitude and identified three factors contributing to this: (a) the high level of trust in government (macro level); (b) the balanced value proposition between individual and collective needs (meso level); and (c) the reassurance provided by having humans in the loop and providing transparency into processes, data, and model’s logic (microlevel). The findings provide valuable insights into citizens’ stances for socially responsible AI in public services. These insights can inform policy and guide the design and implementation of AI systems in the public sector by foregrounding the government–citizen relationship.

Application of kubeflow as a universal approach for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems

An overview of the concept of machine learning and processes (Machine Learning and Operation, MLOps), which is a set of techniques for implementation and automatic continuous integration, as well as delivery to the production environment and model training, is made. The concept of MLOps was considered in terms of Kubeflow tools - a cloud-native open-source system running on the Kubernetes platform. The possibility of using modern MLOps solutions to improve the development processes of machine learning information systems has been studied. The results of the operation of the model in the Kubeflow arsenal have been checked using such improvement factors as speed of development, implementation of changes, reduction of time to search for problems, recovery after global interruptions, and decrease of the number of errors in the model. For practical analysis, a publicly available model was deployed in a Kubeflow cluster using the Seldon Core Serving application manifest. The conducted research showed that Kubeflow consists of a set of various open-source components that have a high level of integration with each other through the Kubernetes platform. At the same time, Kubeflow uses the Kubernetes pattern of operators for machine-learning objects extremely effectively.

Integrasi Teknologi Artificial Intelligence Dalam Sistem Akuntansi Modern

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the landscape of business and industries as a whole, including the field of accounting. The implementation of AI systems in accounting has brought significant changes, accelerating processes, enhancing efficiency, improving reporting accuracy, boosting analytical capabilities within accounting departments, and providing deep insights for accounting professionals. The objective is to explore the extent to which the integration of AI technology changes how organizations manage and analyze financial data, as well as providing insights for better decision-making. This research method employs a qualitative descriptive approach. Previous research literature is analyzed and explored. The research findings indicate that the integration of AI technology into accounting systems can yield operational efficiency by automating routine tasks, enhancing financial reporting accuracy through in-depth data analysis, and strengthening predictive capabilities in decision-making. The conclusion of this research is that the integration of AI technology into accounting systems has the potential to bring about transformative changes in how organizations manage finances and make decisions.

Lossky N.O. and his Metacritique of Pure Reason

The publication of the Critique of Pure Reason by Immanuel Kant marked the beginning of an intellectual revolution not only in Philosophy, but also in other spheres of intellectual activity. Every year interest to this work is only growing up, especially in the context of the development of cognitive sciences and technologies related to the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems. However, both Kant’s contemporaries and subsequent generations of researchers had questions about the basic concepts, outlined in the first Critique. Nikolay Lossky became one of such outstanding experts in Kant’s philosophy, who carried out a metacritique of transcendental idealism. His analysis is interesting because it is characterized by consistency, depth and inclusiveness, despite the fact that he was not a supporter of Kant’s philosophy. The proposed article explicates the main points of the metacritique of pure reason carried out by Lossky. The aim is to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of transcendental idealism highlighted by him in order to assess the validity of objections and identify points that paradoxically escaped Lossky’s attention. In particular, it is shown that the highest evaluation of Lossky is awarded to Kant’s efforts to create an epistemology that does not rely as presuppositions on any other branches of human knowledge; the resolution of contradictions between Empiricism and Rationalism; the creation of the doctrine of synthetic rationality and transcendental logic; the idea of the need for the immanence of knowledge to consciousness. Lossky identified as the key shortcomings of transcendental idealism a range of contradictions grouped around such concepts as the things in themselves, affection, experience, inner sense, transcendental schema, and unity of apperception. At the same time, it is shown that such a key concept for Kant’s theoretical philosophy as transcendental reflection has disappeared from the Lossky’s field of consideration. The study is preceded by a brief description of Lossky’s characteristics, including personal ones, as a meta-critic of pure reason.

The role of artificial intelligence and digital technologies in dam engineering: Narrative review and outlook

This narrative review paper explores the diverse applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of dam engineering. Authored by research engineers specializing in civil engineering and data science, and reviewed by experienced dam engineers and AI experts, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject. The paper is structured into three parts. Part 1 offers a concise introduction to AI, covering its historical background, major categories, and current state of development. In Part 2, the focus shifts to the specific applications of AI in hydropower and dam engineering. This section delves into the utilization of AI for predictive modeling, real-time monitoring, optimization, and planning and design. Notable case studies and examples of machine learning techniques applied to predictive models and numerical simulations in the context of dams and levees are also discussed. Part 3 explores the current and emerging technologies being implemented in the industry, including automated decision-making systems and the use of AI-powered drones for efficient dam inspection. Additionally, the section sheds light on the challenges that must be addressed to fully integrate AI into dam engineering practices. This paper targets dam engineers, AI experts, and individuals interested in the intersection of these fields. Its primary contribution lies in providing a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the applications, challenges, and potential future developments of AI in dam engineering. Over 3300 articles on the intersection of dam engineering and AI were identified, and approximately 550 articles (about 17%) were further processed for inclusion in this study. Moreover, it emphasizes the need for robust data management, algorithmic transparency, and ethical considerations in the implementation of AI systems.

Artificial Intelligence and its scope in Latin American higher education

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is having a significant impact on Latin American higher education. Through a bibliographic methodology of a qualitative nature, it has been possible to analyze and understand the scope of AI in this area. In the first place, it is highlighted that AI in Latin American higher education has allowed expanding access to education, breaking geographical and economic barriers. This is achieved through the availability of digital educational resources and the ability to participate in online learning programs. In addition, AI has promoted the personalization of learning, adapting the educational process to the individual needs of students. Through intelligent tutoring systems and AI-based educational platforms, relevant content can be offered and adapted to each student, as well as provide instant and personalized feedback. AI has also improved the efficiency and quality of higher education. By automating administrative and repetitive tasks, time is freed up for educators to focus on more meaningful activities, such as curriculum design and individual attention to students. In addition, AI enables data analysis and pedagogical reporting, facilitating evidence-based decision making. However, ethical and privacy challenges associated with the use of AI in higher education are recognized. It is necessary to ensure the protection of students' personal data and address issues of fairness and transparency in the development and implementation of AI systems. In conclusion, AI is transforming higher education in Latin America, providing access, personalization, efficiency and quality. The qualitative bibliographic methodology has allowed us to understand the scope of AI in this area, highlighting its positive impact and the challenges that must be addressed for its responsible implementation.

Topical Issues of Legal Regulation of Tax Relations in the Context of the Use of artificial intelligence Technology

The paper discusses the current problems of the development of legal regulation of tax administration, as well as the transformation of taxpayers’ responsibilities in the context of intensification of the use of artificial intelligence. It is noted that, given the ambiguity of the normative and doctrinal understanding of the content of the term «artificial intelligence,» it is logical to consider the chatbot of the Federal Tax Service of Russia as a prerequisite for the creation of artificial intelligence for the interaction of tax authorities with taxpayers. The author highlights the value of artificial intelligence in the development of the institute of tax monitoring, consisting in the possibility of forecasting and evaluating tax risks. The paper emphasizes the necessity of developing tax structures on the way of active implementation of artificial intelligence systems. Special attention is paid to the possibility of unifying the register of Russian equipment and software to simplify the application of tax preferences for IT organizations.

Transformation of the Physician-patient Relationship: From Bioethics to Roboethics

In the context of the active development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems and robotics in healthcare, the physician-patient relationship is undergoing changes. The transformation of these relations caused by the problems of interrelation of the basic bioethical principles and new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases is considered. Using concrete examples, new opportunities and risks caused by the widespread use of automation in medicine are revealed. Conflict situations between human norms and algorithms are analyzed. The issues of responsibility for robot errors, as well as privacy and cybersecurity issues are considered. It is noted that by the beginning of the 21st century, there was a need for an ethical assessment of robotics, since technical decisions taken in the design of robots have the potential to directly and significantly affect people's lives. In this regard, roboethics arose, the concept of which is analyzed in the article. The laws of robotics were formulated by I. Asimov and F. Pasquale. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that in the field of healthcare, programs should be developed that rely on human strength. The necessity of finding a balance between the automation of medical practice and the maintenance of the humanistic essence of the physician-patient relationship is emphasized. A comparative analysis of the fundamental principles of bioethics and roboethics is carried out. Despite the fact that they have the same goals and values, in roboetics these principles are characterized by a number of features. The principle related only to roboethics — explainability — requires algorithm developers to explain the general rationale and methodology for solving artificial intelligence. In conclusion, it is concluded that medical robotics and artificial intelligence systems provide great prospects for improving diagnosis, treatment and the general level of medical care, but their use raises important ethical issues that need to be addressed. The basic principles of bioethics should be preserved, and roboethics can help to define the framework and standards for the use of robots in medical practice.

The prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in obstetrics in Ukraine

In Ukraine, there is a steady trend towards an increase in the incidence of various forms of hypertensive disorders, both mild and severe, among pregnant women. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are severe forms of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, the rates of which tend to increase, and lead to severe morbidity, disability and mortality in both women and newborns.The article reveals the question of the artificial intelligence (AI) use in modern midwifery in the national health care system of Ukraine in order to prevent pregnancy complications, in particular eclampsia. Implementation of AI systems in medicine is one of the most important modern trends in global healthcare. AI technologies are fundamentally changing the world health care system, allowing to radically rework the system of medical diagnostics, the development of new medicines, and also to generally improve the quality of health care services while simultaneously reducing costs for medical clinics. AI allows analyzing placenta samples and calculating the risk for a woman’s health in future pregnancies. The system is designed to help obstetrician-gynecologists, who will find it useful to forecast possible complications of future births. The use of AI in clinical practice makes it possible to identify the most serious prognostic signs of damage to blood vessels of the placenta, which is called decidual vasculopathy in preeclampsia and eclampsia. If preeclampsia is detected at an early stage, the patient can be treated before symptoms appear.AI use must be in compliance with six principles of the WHO in order to limit risks and increase the possibilities of using AI technologies: protection of human autonomy; promotion of human well-being and safety and public interests; ensuring transparency and comprehensibility; promoting responsibility and accountability; ensuring inclusiveness and fairness; promotion of AI in accordance with the principles of adaptability and sustainable development. Adherence to the ethical principles of AI gives the green light for the development of modern health care systems. It can become an effective method of preventing eclampsia in pregnant women, women in labor, and newborns and preserving their health and life.

Image-Enhanced Endoscopy Surveillance of Colon and Pouch Dysplasia in IBD.

Patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis are at risk for developing colorectal cancer and need regular endoscopic surveillance to detect and remove precursor lesions. To do so, different technologies are available. The sources are observational and controlled studies, meta-analysis, and expert consensus articles available on PubMed. The selected materials include articles reporting outcomes of and recommendations on endoscopic surveillance and resection of dysplasia in the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileoanal pouch and the anal transition zone, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Incidence and detection rate of dysplasia and cancer with different endoscopic techniques in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Risk of cancer is proportional to the duration and extent of the disease, and surveillance interval should be tailored on the individual risk in a range of 1 to 5 years. High-definition imaging and virtual chromoendoscopy have improved the detection of dysplasia and are now comparable with conventional dye spray chromoendoscopy. After restorative proctocolectomy with ileoanal pouch, the risk of cancer is modest, but its high mortality warrants endoscopic surveillance. The evidence to guide pouch surveillance is limited, and recently, the first expert consensus provided a framework of recommendations, which include an initial assessment 1 year after surgery and follow-up depending on individual risk factors. The limitation includes scarcity of data on ileoanal pouch surveillance. Virtual chromoendoscopy and high-definition imaging have improved endoscopic surveillance, and more progress is expected with the implementation of artificial intelligence systems.

Quality Models for Artificial Intelligence Systems: Characteristic-Based Approach, Development and Application

The factors complicating the specification of requirements for artificial intelligence systems (AIS) and their verification for the AIS creation and modernization are analyzed. The harmonization of definitions and building of a hierarchy of AIS characteristics for regulation of the development of techniques and tools for standardization, as well as evaluation and provision of requirements during the creation and implementation of AIS, is extremely important. The study aims to develop and demonstrate the use of quality models for artificial intelligence (AI), AI platform (AIP), and AIS based on the definition and ordering of characteristics. The principles of AI quality model development and its sequence are substantiated. Approaches to formulating definitions of AIS characteristics, methods of representation of dependencies, and hierarchies of characteristics are given. The definitions and harmonization options of hierarchical relations between 46 characteristics of AI and AIP are suggested. The quality models of AI, AIP, and AIS presented in analytical, tabular, and graph forms, are described. The so-called basic models with reduced sets of the most important characteristics are presented. Examples of AIS quality models for UAV video navigation systems and decision support systems for diagnosing diseases are described.

Philosophy of the Digital Version of the World: From the Foundation to the Practices Book Review: Alekseev А. Р., Alekseeva 1. Yu. The Fate of Intelligence and the Mission of Reason: Philosophy before the Challenges of the Era of Digitalization. Monograph. Moscow, Prospect, 2021

The publication presents a review of the monograph by Alekseyev Alexander Petrovich and Alekseeva Irina Yurievna “The Fate of intelligence and the mission of reason: philosophy facing the challenges of the era of digitalization”. The authors systematically and deeply analyze the theoretical and cognitive, socio-philosophical, philosophical and anthropological problems that arise during the dynamic digitalization of all spheres of society. The author's representation of society as an intellectual system of a high degree of complexity makes it possible to comprehend the concepts of reason and intelligence in connection with the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems. Of particular interest is the disclosure by the authors of the potential of philosophical tools in countering manipulative technologies in the digital environment. The monograph is recommended to readers interested in achieving an understanding of the essence of digitalization processes, philosophical foundations and prospects for the development of technical intelligent systems.

Identity Threats as a Reason for Resistance to Artificial Intelligence: Survey Study With Medical Students and Professionals.

BackgroundInformation systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) have increasingly spurred controversies among medical professionals as they start to outperform medical experts in tasks that previously required complex human reasoning. Prior research in other contexts has shown that such a technological disruption can result in professional identity threats and provoke negative attitudes and resistance to using technology. However, little is known about how AI systems evoke professional identity threats in medical professionals and under which conditions they actually provoke negative attitudes and resistance.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate how medical professionals’ resistance to AI can be understood because of professional identity threats and temporal perceptions of AI systems. It examines the following two dimensions of medical professional identity threat: threats to physicians’ expert status (professional recognition) and threats to physicians’ role as an autonomous care provider (professional capabilities). This paper assesses whether these professional identity threats predict resistance to AI systems and change in importance under the conditions of varying professional experience and varying perceived temporal relevance of AI systems.MethodsWe conducted 2 web-based surveys with 164 medical students and 42 experienced physicians across different specialties. The participants were provided with a vignette of a general medical AI system. We measured the experienced identity threats, resistance attitudes, and perceived temporal distance of AI. In a subsample, we collected additional data on the perceived identity enhancement to gain a better understanding of how the participants perceived the upcoming technological change as beyond a mere threat. Qualitative data were coded in a content analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed in regression analyses.ResultsBoth threats to professional recognition and threats to professional capabilities contributed to perceived self-threat and resistance to AI. Self-threat was negatively associated with resistance. Threats to professional capabilities directly affected resistance to AI, whereas the effect of threats to professional recognition was fully mediated through self-threat. Medical students experienced stronger identity threats and resistance to AI than medical professionals. The temporal distance of AI changed the importance of professional identity threats. If AI systems were perceived as relevant only in the distant future, the effect of threats to professional capabilities was weaker, whereas the effect of threats to professional recognition was stronger. The effect of threats remained robust after including perceived identity enhancement. The results show that the distinct dimensions of medical professional identity are affected by the upcoming technological change through AI.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that AI systems can be perceived as a threat to medical professional identity. Both threats to professional recognition and threats to professional capabilities contribute to resistance attitudes toward AI and need to be considered in the implementation of AI systems in clinical practice.

Translating the Machine: Skills that Human Clinicians Must Develop in the Era of Artificial Intelligence.

In coming decades, artificial intelligence (AI) platforms are expected to build on the profound achievements demonstrated in research papers towards implementation in real-world medicine. The implementation of AI systems is likely to be as an adjunct to clinicians rather than a replacement, but it still has the potential for a revolutionary impact on ophthalmology specifically and medicine in general in terms of addressing crucial scientific, socioeconomic and capacity challenges facing populations worldwide. In this paper we discuss the broad range of skills that clinicians should develop or refine to be able to fully embrace the opportunities that this technology will bring. We highlight the need for an awareness to identify AI systems that might already be in place and the need to be able to properly assess the utility of their outputs to correctly incorporate the AI system into clinical workflows. In a second section we discuss the need for clinicians to cultivate those human skills that are beyond the capabilities of the AI platforms and which should be just as important as ever. We describe the need for such an awareness by providing clinical examples of situations that might in the future arise in human interactions with machine algorithms. We also envisage a harmonious future in which an educated human and machine interaction can be optimised for the best possible patient experience and care.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS IN ENSURING PUBLIC SAFETY IN A “SMART CITY”: LEGAL ASPECTS

Ensuring public safety is an important issue for all developed countries of the world. In this area, various organizations conduct constant monitoring, as a result of which ratings are published, the results of which have a significant impact on choosing a place of residence, attracting tourists and investors, etc. To simplify control of public safety in cities, artificial intelligence systems are increasingly used. Along with the positive effects of such systems, the protection of human privacy is becoming a key issue. This article describes the results of Belarusian scientists on the creation of such systems and examines the features of their implementation in a “smart city” in our country. The experience of a number of countries in the implementation of artificial intelligence systems to strengthen public safety in existing "smart cities" is analyzed. The legal problems arising during the functioning of such systems are considered, especially in terms of limiting the freedom and rights of citizens. Proposals are given on the development of the regulatory framework in the Republic of Belarus in order to protect the rights of citizens.

Этика искусственного интеллекта: проблемы и инициативы в социальной сфере

Technologies based on artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved significant results, including facial recognition, medical diagnostics, self-driving cars, insurance management and exchange assets, property, human resources, search and recruitment. Artificial intelligence promises huge benefits for economic growth, social development, and improving the well-being and people security. Of course, artificial intelligence and robotics are among the most discussed issues and technological trends around the world today. In the light of their widespread use and implementation in all spheres of human life, often the expected opportunities, achievements and scientific breakthroughs overshadow the reasonableness and expediency of using artificial intelligence technologies in a particular field from a legal and ethical point of view. Companies, in the pursuit of profit and leading positions in the market, are often irresponsible about the legal and ethical issues of interaction with artificial intelligence technologies. Nevertheless, the ethical aspects of the use of artificial intelligence technologies are gaining high importance these days. The emergence of high-tech systems and software that can function more and more independently of humans and can replace the performance of tasks by humans requires special attention. These systems raise a number of important and tough moral questions. The article discusses the main directions of the artificial intelligence technologies spread and the ethical consequences and moral issues that arise in this regard, both at the state and organizational levels. The main trends characteristic of the labor market that arise in the process of workplaces robotization and the intelligent robots introduction into the production process are studied. The authors convincingly prove the priority of ethics and human safety issues in the design and implementation of AI systems. During the discussion of the ethical problems of the artificial intelligence introduction in organizations, the emphasis is placed on the use of these technologies not from the point of view of automation and improving the efficiency of performing direct management functions, but from the point of view of the organization of personnel work. Based on this, the article concludes with recommendations for the development of ethical principles adapted to the design and use of AI systems.

School leaders' adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine school leaders' experiences with adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence systems in their schools. It examined the factors that led educational administrators to adopt one artificial intelligence program (ALEKS) and their perceptions around the implementation process.Design/methodology/approachThis was a qualitative case study that included structured interviews with seven individuals who have adopted artificial intelligence programs in their schools. Participants were identified through purposive and snowball sampling. Interview transcripts were analyzed and put through a two-step coding process involving in vivo coding as well as pattern coding.FindingsTwo major themes emerged from this study pertaining to the state of the diffusion of artificial intelligence through the adoption and implementation process. The findings indicated that school leaders were actively engaged in conversations related to AI adoption and implementation. They also created structures (organizational) to ensure the successful adoption and implementation of artificial intelligence.Originality/valueThis is an original study that examined the experiences of school leaders who have adopted and implemented artificial intelligence in their schools. The body of literature related to artificial intelligence and school leadership is extremely limited.

Актуальные аспекты разработки и внедрения систем искусственного интеллекта в организациях

The article presents an overview of topical issues that arise in organizations during the development and implementation of artificial intelligence systems. Various barriers to the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies and the possibilities of overcoming them are considered. Approaches to modeling artificial intelligence systems and features of their integration with traditional corporate systems are presented, taking into account which allows increasing employee loyalty to these innovations, as well as reducing the level of complexity of adapting and scaling new technology in organizations.