Advice For Implementation Research Articles

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Routine Hematology Cancer Care

Background Hematological cancers have devastating effects on patients’ physical, emotional, and psychosocial health. There is growing evidence to support the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) through validated tools. Although PROMs are widely adopted in oncology, uptake in hematology remains limited in routine clinical care. Objective This review seeks to explore the utility of PROMs in routine hematology clinical practice and to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to benefits of PROMs to patients. Methods The review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis scoping review model for organizing information. Results Ten thousand and seventy-one articles were identified, 110 full texts were reviewed, and 14 articles met the final inclusion criteria. More than 20 individual outcome measures were identified that fell into the following categories: accessibility and usability, self-efficacy, shared decision-making, and implementation. Conclusions Studies focused primarily on the choice of PROM, acceptability and usability, motivation for use, patient and healthcare professionals’ experience of using PROMs, the stated value of PROMs, and implementation advice. However, there are limited published studies supporting how PROMs can be adopted into routine care for people with hematological cancer. Implications for Practice There are various validated PROMs but limited research on how to meaningfully implement them to improve clinical and patient outcomes in the routine care of hematology patients.

Embedding the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals into the Career Curricula

The United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals provide a framework for addressing global challenges, linking environmental sustainability to individual and social well-being and social justice. This article explores how embedding the SDGs into career development can enhance career exploration and contribute to a sustainable future. Drawing on experiences from teaching a senior career capstone course, it highlights strategies for integrating the SDGs into career interventions. Key components include developing personal mission statements, researching organizations, analyzing future work trends, and conducting informational interviews. The article also presents evidence of the course's impact on students' thinking and provides practical advice for implementation.

Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists as Second-Line Treatment in Children With Ongoing Immune Thrombocytopenia

What Is the Issue? Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelets and an increase in bleeding risk; in the pediatric population, the reported incidence rate varies between 2 and 5 per 100,000 children per year. Spontaneous remission may be observed in up to 70% of patients, while 20% of patients may experience severe bleeding symptoms. In children whose ITP does not respond to first-line corticosteroids, IV immunoglobulin (IVIG), or anti-D immunoglobulin, guidelines recommend the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), i.e., eltrombopag or romiplostim (avatrombopag did not have a marketing authorization and Notice of Compliance at the time that the review was initiated). Rituximab is considered a subsequent-line of therapy. Splenectomy is not usually considered an appropriate treatment option in children. The goal of therapy in pediatric patients with ITP is to reduce bleeding and improve quality of life. Platelet response is considered a valid and appropriate surrogate end point in studies and routine assessment in clinical practice. Children whose ITP does not respond to available first-line drugs may require subsequent treatment with off-label drugs because they do not have access to TPO-RAs. What Did We Do? We searched key resources, including journal citation databases, and conducted a focused internet search for relevant evidence. A systematic review of the literature identified 5 studies (4 randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and 1 observational study), which were synthesized narratively. The review addressed the following policy questions: In children with ongoing, active ITP, what is the overall body of evidence supporting the use of TPO-RAs and rituximab after failure of first-line therapies? Based on the level and quality of clinical evidence, should TPO-RAs be reimbursed for use earlier in the treatment sequencing for children with ongoing, active ITP, instead of being reimbursed only after a course of rituximab? What Did We Find? Evidence from 2 RCTs (n = 159) suggests that eltrombopag likely increases and maintains platelet response over time, in addition to decreasing the use of rescue medication and clinically significant bleeding compared to placebo, which were considered clinically meaningful outcomes for pediatric patients with ITP. There was a low risk of bias in the studies, but uncertainty was introduced due to the small sample sizes. Evidence from 1 RCT (n = 62) suggests that romiplostim may also increase and maintain platelet response, as well as reduce clinically significant bleeding compared to placebo. However, there was some concern due to a high risk of bias in the studies and uncertainty due to the small sample size, which suggests a need for caution in the interpretation of the findings. The effectiveness of rituximab was inconclusive due to the lack of evidence, as no comparative RCTs could be identified, while the observational study included presented only descriptive comparisons. No evidence was identified in support of trying rituximab before accessing TPO-RAs. What Does This Mean? Given that ITP is rare in children, there is a gap in available relevant evidence, and robust evidence from large RCTs in this patient population are unlikely to be conducted. Jurisdictions may consider requesting an implementation advice panel for use of eltrombopag and romiplostim after failure of first-line therapies in children with ongoing, active ITP.

Study protocol for a stepped-wedge implementation study investigating the intersectoral collaboration of implementering the TREAT INTERACT intervention for primary school teachers and the mhGAP for health care workers for child mental health promotion in Uganda

BackgroundMental and neuropsychological disorders make up approximately 14% of the total health burden globally, with 80% of the affected living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) of whom 90% cannot access mental health services. The main objective of the TREAT INTERACT study is to adapt, implement, and evaluate the impact of a novel, intersectoral approach to prevent, identify, refer, and treat mental health problems in children through a user centred task-sharing implementation of the TREAT INTERACT intervention, inspired by the World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG) for primary school staff in Mbale, Uganda. Health care personell will be trained in the mhGAP-IG.MethodsThis is a pragmatic mixed-methods hybrid Type II implementation-effectiveness study utilizing a co-design approach. The main study utilize a stepped-wedged trial design with six starting sequences, randomizing three schools to the intervention at each interval, while the remaining act as “controls”. Other designs include a nested prospective cohort study, case control studies, cross-sectional studies, and qualitative research. Main participants’ outcomes include teachers’ mental health literacy, stigma, and violence towards the school children. Implementation outcomes include detection, reach, sustainability, and service delivery. Child and caregiver outcomes include mental health, mental health literacy, and help-seeking behaviour.DiscussionBased on the results, we will develop sustainable and scalable implementation advice on mental health promotion and draft implementation guidelines in line with current WHO guidelines. This project will generate new knowledge on the structure, organization, delivery, and costs of mental health services in a LMIC setting, as well as new knowledge on the implementation and delivery of new health services.Trial registrationClinicalTrials, NCT06275672, 28.12.2023, retrospectively registered.

APIs and SIPs for library and information services

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate a practical strategy for integrating application programming interfaces (APIs) and standard interchange protocols (SIPs) within library and information services. This study will seek to determine how such an integration strategy can improve access to resources, enhance the user experience, optimize library operations and improve the overall efficiency of library services. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach to research will be used in this study. This study will be based on the review of relevant literature sources, case studies and real examples. The data analyzes to determine the practical application of SIP and API integration and identify the major methods, approaches and processes used by libraries to successfully implement integration projects. Findings This study explores that library and information services may achieve numerous benefits from API and SIP integration. The cases describe how libraries have managed to improve access, user experience, operational efficiency and general performance. Libraries have integrated APIs and SIP to create seamless search experiences, establish communication networks in real-time, and develop automated workflows and customer services. API and SIP integration will transform libraries in future. Originality/value The originality of this study is the focus of the API and SIP integration. While other authors have discussed the concept of integration from a theoretical standpoint, this study presents practical recommendations and implementation advice for librarians and researchers. This study uses real cases and examples to illustrate how libraries today have managed to improve their operations with the help of APIs and SIP integration.

Alemtuzumab, Cladribine, Fingolimod, Natalizumab, and Rituximab as First-Line Treatments in Adults With Highly Active Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

What Is the Problem? Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the most common disease course of multiple sclerosis (MS), is a chronic immune-mediated disease with clearly defined episodes of new or increasing neurologic symptoms followed by periods of relative stability. In contrast, the highly active, aggressive disease course leads to rapid disability, and these patients face an unmet need. The principal goal of MS treatment is to delay and prevent the accumulation of disability by reducing the frequency of relapses. Currently reimbursed first-line drugs fail to prevent the consequences of irreversible damage to the nervous system. There has been a paradigm shift in clinical practice toward the use of a high-efficacy treatment strategy as early as possible during the inflammatory process to provide optimal clinical benefits in preserving neurologic function in patients with highly active RRMS. What Did We Do? A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and safety of alemtuzumab, natalizumab, cladribine, fingolimod, and rituximab relative to current first-line drugs in adults with highly active RRMS was conducted; it identified post hoc subgroup analyses from 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 1 prospective comparative cohort study. What Did We Find? Evidence was uncertain and conclusions were limited by risk of bias and small sample sizes; conclusions for some outcome comparisons were also limited by imprecision and incomplete reporting. Compared to placebo, cladribine and natalizumab may result in a clinically important reduction in relapses, disability, and key MRI lesions. Alemtuzumab may result in a clinically important reduction in relapses compared to interferon, while fingolimod may result in a clinically important reduction in relapses compared to placebo. The clinical evidence was insufficient to determine the effect of fingolimod on relapses when compared with interferon. Harms outcomes, when reported, appeared consistent with the known harms profile of the drugs. Assessment of the effectiveness and safety of rituximab could not be performed due to the lack of evidence. Evidence was also lacking for many important outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL), instrumental activities of daily living, symptoms, and cognitive outcomes. No evidence could be identified to inform on treatment sequencing. Two pragmatic RCTs (the TREAT-MS and DELIVER-MS trials) are currently ongoing, aiming to compare an early, high-efficacy treatment strategy versus a traditional escalation treatment strategy, which may inform treatment sequencing. Further research is needed to compensate for clinical data gaps to inform an appropriate and relevant economic evaluation. What Does This Mean? Jurisdictions may reconsider the current reimbursement criteria for drugs used in the first-line setting specifically for adults demonstrating highly active RRMS; however, caution should be taken given the gaps and uncertainty in evidence. Upon request from public drug plans, this review may inform a future implementation advice panel or expert committee recommendation.

AI service robots in a 4-star hotel: enhancing guest and employee experiences

ABSTRACT: Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently become a vital technology affecting several sectors, including hospitality. The expanding use of AI robots in functions previously performed by humans raises important issues — which are currently unknown — regarding how AI robotics may affect personnel and guests. This study examined guests’ and staff’s experiences with service robots in a 4-star southern Dutch hotel. The report offers the hospitality industry AI robot implementation advice. In-depth staff interviews and 4-star hotel guest surveys were completed. Data from customers and staff showed a need for service robots at the front office. This demand highlights the need for service robots at the front desk to serve leisure and business clients and to aid staff. However, both quantitative and qualitative studies imply that a tangible human welcome is still necessary, especially for leisure tourists. This study found that customers and personnel at the front office want service robots, with leisure and business guests preferring something different. These demographics perceive human connections as essential for a good visitor experience, emphasising the complexities of AI in hospitality.

P057 Scoping the role of the physiotherapist in the axial spondyloarthritis new patient clinic

Abstract Background/Aims Early diagnosis of Axial Spondyloarthritis (Axial SpA) is crucial to reduce negative impacts and support better patient outcomes through early intervention. There are a number of challenges contributing to delayed diagnosis, the focus of this report relates to the capacity pressures limiting timely assessment and diagnosis. There are a number of well-established, and more recently initiated, physiotherapist-led Axial SpA new patient clinics across UK Rheumatology. These clinics have been locally reported to reduce delays in diagnosis. There is growing interest from other rheumatology services to establish these clinics. A working group of physiotherapists providing physiotherapist-led Axial SpA clinics were supported by a BRITSpA Travelling Fellowship Grant to meet to share service experiences and to develop a consensus-driven best-practice set of recommendations to guide planning and implementing physiotherapist-led Axial SpA new patient assessment clinics in rheumatology departments across the UK. The aim of this report is to provide an overview of the two day Travelling Fellowship project process and the key initial outcomes from the workshop. Methods A two-day workshop attended by ten physiotherapists meeting in person and four joining virtually, all with expertise in providing physiotherapist-led new and review Axial SpA clinics. The workshop programme included presentations from national and international experts, encompassing GIRFT input, exemplar consensus development examples and an opportunity for all fellows to share their experience in setting up and delivering physiotherapist-led Axial SpA new patient clinics. Discussion time was prioritised to allow shared learning, discussion of similarities and local variations to support information gathering and the development of expert consensus-driven guidelines and implementation advice. Patient and public involvement was embedded into the workshop supporting planning discussions and providing lived experience perspectives, preferences and values concerning the implementation and service delivery discussions. Results The major themes and findings identified included the variation in role description and specific responsibilities between centres, including variation in support and mentoring available as well as administration time. However, similar outcomes were found regarding levels of confidence and independence in undertaking thorough triage and assessments of inflammatory back pain referrals leading to confirming or excluding Axial SpA diagnoses, and the skillset to manage these outcomes. Conclusion Following GIRFT recommendations, and in light of the workforce crisis in rheumatology, with support from the rheumatology physiotherapy capabilities framework we have seen the expansion of the physiotherapist role. We have good levels of confidence, following our sharing of clinic data and patient experience comments, that there is a valuable contribution to the rheumatology landscape to be made by physiotherapist-led Axial SpA new patient clinics. Disclosure W.J. Gregory: Honoraria; W.G. has received honoraria for speaking and advisory board from Abbvie, Novartis, Pfizer, Sobi and UCB. R. Adshead: None. Z. Cox: None. E.E. Deeney: None. P.A. Dowie: None. S.J. Fish: None. R. Galway: None. H. Harrison: None. R.J. Hayward: Honoraria; R.H. has received honoraria for speaking from Abbive and Novartis. C. Longton: Honoraria; C.L. has received honoraria for speaking from UCB. M. Motion: None. C. Tonks: None. C. McCrum: Honoraria; C.McC. has received honoraria for professional education workshops- Novartis, Janssen.

ESG Integration into Venture Capital in the UK

Abstract Although ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) research on companies and investment portfolios is widespread, most of data and research is from established companies, driven by the increasing societal emphasis on sustainability and adherence to evolving compliance standards. However, there is a lack of ESG-focused studies on early-stage and venture capital. This study seeks to fill the gap in research on the ESG maturity of start-ups by surveying 225 start-ups in the portfolio of a UK-based venture capital, thereby providing a unique insight into the overall awareness of ESG among start-ups by presenting genuine samples. The findings provide implementation advice on optimal approaches to incorporate ESG issues into venture capital, and improve and leverage the dynamic between venture capital and start-ups to influence start-ups to adopt and comply with ESG integration. Keywords: ESG, Venture capital, Start-up, United Kingdom.

Reablement for the new generation elderly in the Netherlands, a personalised integrated care approach.

Introduction: The new generation elderly, the babyboomers, expect that elderly-care reflects their need to remain independent. In general elderly are perceived as inactive and vulnerable with negative outcomes on quality of care. However babyboomers don’t identify themselves as elderly and they have a higher level of self-efficacy. An elderly-care organisation in a medium-sized town in the Netherlands, strived for a suitable care design, that meets expectations of babyboomers and wanted to know how this care design could be implemented in the local setting.
 Theory/methods: The implementation Framework for Aged Care, developed by Meyers (1), was applied to a practice-oriented trajectory design. This framework is a fit-for-purpose implementation framework in the local social, cultural and economic context. The applied methodologies were literature research, desk and field research, which resulted in problem-clarification, an intervention design and an implementation advice. 
 Results: Self-efficacy and self-reliance are determinants which influence the measure of independence of babyboomers. Therefore it is necessary for elderly-care to give attention to the increasing independence needs of babyboomers. Literature states that reablement is an effective intervention which increases independence by influencing self-efficacy and self-reliance. Reablement is a time-bound (six to twelve weeks) interdisciplinary, intensive and person- and goal orientated intervention in the homecare setting, delivered by trained staff (2). Homecare staff is not yet trained in the current situation to work from a perspective that increases independence. Therefore a training programme and reablement trajectory was developed based on literature. This training program focusses on changing behavioural determinants of homecare staff by using social influence from peers. Babyboomers can only be empowered to increase self-efficacy and self-reliance if homecare staff believes they contribute to this independence. The Implementation strategy was mainly oriented on the adoption of reablement, since this is a condition of success of reablement. 
 Discussion: There is a risk of using untrained staff in reablement which may have negative outcomes on independence. Homecare staff can feel devalued as they perceive part of their care-role ‘to care for’ instead of ‘to care that’. 
 Conclusions: By influencing the determinants of homecare staff and babyboomers, reablement shows to be effective by focusing on increasing independence of babyboomers. After a training programme which uses the social influence of peers, reablement can be implemented in the local context.
 Lessons learned: How we perceive elderly has an influence on the outcome and organisation of elderly care. Scandinavian research shows that reablement can be an intervention with positive societal effects on care in general and the prevailing paradigm of getting older.

A Pragmatic Approach to Preparing Novice Doctoral Qualitative Researchers

Fifty percent of social science and education doctoral students in the United States fail to complete their programs. Within this context, studies addressing research methods pedagogy and qualitative methods in particular, continue to be limited. This mixed-methods case study addresses these issues by: 1) using the Ready Develop Integrate Perform (RDIP) model to frame the competency-based design and implementation of an introductory doctoral qualitative core course and its supporting learning management system; and, 2) examining effectiveness using a framework of direct and indirect assessment evidence from online and face-to-face learners. The current design scaffolds students through qualitative research methodology and methods learning and culminates with the implementation of an individually-chosen authentic research project. A sample of online and face-to-face students, representing 37% of eligible participants (n=23), reported a stronger sense of readiness for independent research and dissertation work. In addition to expanding the qualitative methods pedagogical literature and supporting the improvement of doctoral research education, this paper a competency-based design that may be implemented in any disciplinary setting. The detailed blueprint and implementation advice for university teachers makes this work relevant to a broad multidisciplinary and international audience.

Revolutionizing Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Innovative Dietary Strategies and Future Directions.

This comprehensive narrative review delves into the intricate interplay between diet and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), shedding light on the potential impact of dietary interventions in disease management. By analyzing nutritional interventions, risks, challenges, and future perspectives, this review serves as a vital resource for clinicians, researchers, and patients alike. The amalgamation of evidence underscores the significance of customizing dietary strategies for individual patients, considering disease phenotype and cultural factors. Through an exploration of dietary components' effects on IBD, including exclusive enteral nutrition and omega-3 fatty acids, this review offers pragmatic implementation advice and outlines avenues for further research. Bridging the gap between research findings and clinical applications, the review facilitates informed decision-making and patient-centric care. In the face of escalating IBD prevalence, this review emerges as an indispensable guide for healthcare professionals, empowering them to navigate the complexities of dietary management while enabling patients to actively participate in their care trajectory. Ultimately, this narrative review advances the understanding of diet's pivotal role in IBD management, fostering a more integrated approach to patient care and paving the way for improved research and policy initiatives in the field of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Finding Sustainable Countries in Renewable Energy Sector: A Case Study for an EU Energy System

This study aims to identify sustainable countries within the European Union in terms of renewable energy. The objective is to support renewable alternatives and enhance sustainability in the renewable sector among the top economic countries. The study reviews key drivers of sustainable development, establishes criteria for each dimension, and selects up-to-date indicators. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and expert judgments are employed to rank the countries, ensuring unbiased results, and reducing uncertainty. The findings indicate that Sweden, Belgium, Ireland, France, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, and Italy exhibit their positions from the most advanced to the lower sustainable countries, respectively. Energy and environmental indicators play a primary role as the most influential drivers. Economic factors contribute as tertiary drivers, while social and institutional indicators have a relatively minor influence. Notably, Sweden, Belgium, and Ireland, despite being among the last three in terms of economic ranking, emerge as the most sustainable countries in renewable energy, surpassing stronger economies such as France, Germany, and Spain. On the other hand, the Netherlands, Poland, and Italy, as middle economy countries, rank lower in terms of sustainability. These results provide insights for harnessing renewable energy in high-growth economies and offer valuable policy advice for implementation.

Estimating intra-cluster correlation coefficients for planning longitudinal cluster randomized trials: a tutorial.

It is well-known that designing a cluster randomized trial (CRT) requires an advance estimate of the intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC). In the case of longitudinal CRTs, where outcomes are assessed repeatedly in each cluster over time, estimates for more complex correlation structures are required. Three common types of correlation structures for longitudinal CRTs are exchangeable, nested/block exchangeable and exponential decay correlations-the latter two allow the strength of the correlation to weaken over time. Determining sample sizes under these latter two structures requires advance specification of the within-period ICC and cluster autocorrelation coefficient as well as the intra-individual autocorrelation coefficient in the case of a cohort design. How to estimate these coefficients is a common challenge for investigators. When appropriate estimates from previously published longitudinal CRTs are not available, one possibility is to re-analyse data from an available trial dataset or to access observational data to estimate these parameters in advance of a trial. In this tutorial, we demonstrate how to estimate correlation parameters under these correlation structures for continuous and binary outcomes. We first introduce the correlation structures and their underlying model assumptions under a mixed-effects regression framework. With practical advice for implementation, we then demonstrate how the correlation parameters can be estimated using examples and we provide programming code in R, SAS, and Stata. An Rshiny app is available that allows investigators to upload an existing dataset and obtain the estimated correlation parameters. We conclude by identifying some gaps in the literature.

Phase diagrams-Why they matter and how to predict them.

Understanding the thermodynamic stability and metastability of materials can help us to, for example, gauge whether crystalline polymorphs in pharmaceutical formulations are likely to be durable. It can also help us to design experimental routes to novel phases with potentially interesting properties. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of how thermodynamic phase behavior can be quantified both in computer simulations and machine-learning approaches to determine phase diagrams, as well as combinations of the two. We review the basic workflow of free-energy computations for condensed phases, including some practical implementation advice, ranging from the Frenkel-Ladd approach to thermodynamic integration and to direct-coexistence simulations. We illustrate the applications of such methods on a range of systems from materials chemistry to biological phase separation. Finally, we outline some challenges, questions, and practical applications of phase-diagram determination which we believe are likely to be possible to address in the near future using such state-of-the-art free-energy calculations, which may provide fundamental insight into separation processes using multicomponent solvents.

The systematic review in the field of management sciences

Purpose: A literature review is a thorough summary of the prior research in a topic that has been carried out by other scientists. For a novice researcher, a systematic literature review is the most important and standard step. The scientific discipline determines the methodology for systematic literature reviews. Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive overview of the literature relevant to a research issue is provided by a systematic literature review, which also synthesizes earlier work to broaden our understanding of a particular topic. It adheres to the principles of accessibility and bias reduction. Although management research is a growing, complex, and dynamic field, relatively little has been published on how management researchers may employ systematic literature reviews Findings: This systematic review on a clearly defined subject that uses systematic and explicit processes to identify, select, and critically assess relevant research, and to acquire and analyse data from the research projects that are part of the review. Practical implications: In order to comprehend the purpose of systematic reviews, we explain one and talk about its rationale. Next, we discuss how conducting systematic literature reviews may enhance management research and correct its shortcomings. We provide a thorough manual to do systematic literature reviews, outlining the steps to follow and providing advice for effective implementation Originality/value: This review article, focus on the methodology adopted for the literature review in the field of management sciences. Keywords: Systematic reviews, Methodology, Management sciences. Category of the paper: Review article.

Анализ реализации параллельных вычислений и практические советы по сокращению времени расчета бассейновых моделей в программном обеспечении PetroMod®

Анализ реализации параллельных вычислений и практические советы по сокращению времени расчета бассейновых моделей в программном обеспечении PetroMod®

Working with the grain: economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in Bhutan

ABSTRACT The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has put the most vulnerable at the centre of a global effort to improve the lives of those living in poverty. This paper analyses the mechanisms underpinning economic inclusion of youth with disabilities in Bhutan through an institutionalist approach. Using evidence from various sources, we provide policy, program, and strategy advice for near-term implementation based on current formal and informal institutional arrangements. In our conclusions, we advocate for a wide angle on institutions to identify mechanisms of economic inclusion and overcome fragmented approaches for people with disabilities.

PeerWise: Students creating questions for their peers

PeerWise (https://peerwise.cs.auckland.ac.nz/) is a system which allows students to create multiple-choice questions for other students, answer questions posed by their peers and then provide feedback (Denny et al, 2008). There is evidence in the literature to show this method of assessment has a positive impact (e.g., Guilding et al. 2021; Fergus et al. 2021; Feeley and Parris 2012), particularly on students’ attainment and engagement. In a funded project, we introduced PeerWise into the assessment for a module at Sheffield Hallam University (U.K.) and another at La Trobe University (Australia). In this case study, we give an overview of PeerWise and the activities within the platform, results from our evaluation of the activity, and advice for implementation collected within the project from other practitioners around the world who have experience using PeerWise. Cohesive themes arising from our evaluation and the advice collected are summarised to form recommendations for improved student experience and outcomes, for future implementation of the PeerWise platform by practitioners.

2021 World Health Organization guideline on pharmacological treatment of hypertension: Policy implications for the Region of the AmericasDirectrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud del 2021 sobre el tratamiento farmacológico de la hipertensión: implicaciones de política para la Región de las Américas

RESUMOA doença cardiovascular (DCV) é a principal causa de morte nas Américas, e a pressão arterial elevada é responsável por mais de 50% dos casos de DCV. Nas Américas, mais de um quarto das mulheres adultas e quatro de cada dez homens adultos têm hipertensão arterial, sendo que diagnóstico, tratamento e controle estão abaixo do ideal. Em 2021, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) divulgou uma atualização das diretrizes para o tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão arterial em adultos. Esta publicação ressalta o papel facilitador da iniciativa Global HEARTS da OMS e da iniciativa HEARTS nas Américas para catalisar a implementação dessas diretrizes, oferece recomendações específicas de políticas para sua implementação e enfatiza a necessidade de uma abordagem estratégica abrangente para o controle da hipertensão arterial. Os autores clamam para que tanto as pessoas que advogam pela Saúde, quanto as autoridades responsáveis, priorizem a prevenção e o controle da hipertensão arterial como forma de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar das populações e reduzir as disparidades de saúde cardiovascular dentro das populações das Américas e entre elas.