Impact Of Thermal Radiation Research Articles

Assessing Crisis Management Tools for Sustainability of Industrial Safety

This study presents a comprehensive risk assessment of ammonia leaks, focusing on the quantitative modelling of hazardous area ranges, concentration dynamics, and thermal radiation effects under varying leakage scenarios using the ALOHA 5.4.7 software. The analysis involves two key scenarios: an ammonia gas leak and a pool fire, each modelled under distinct atmospheric conditions. For the gas leak scenario, ammonia concentrations were mapped across ERPG-defined hazard zones, ranging from low-level irritation zones (ERPG-1) to life-threatening exposure levels (ERPG-3), with maximum concentrations reaching 1500 ppm within a 110 m radius. The second scenario examined the impact of thermal radiation from a pool fire, identifying critical radiation zones where exposure to heat fluxes exceeding 10 kW.m−2 could cause fatal outcomes within 12 m. Despite ALOHA’s strengths in modelling acute exposure risks and providing valuable input for emergency response planning, the study identifies several limitations, particularly regarding the long-term environmental and health impacts of chemical releases and the effects of varying meteorological conditions. These findings suggest that integrating ALOHA with advanced real-time monitoring and AI-based prediction systems could significantly improve its capacity to manage dynamic, rapidly evolving industrial hazards.

Statistical analysis of bioconvective EMHD tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with thermal radiation and heat source/sink

AbstractThis study examines the influence of thermal radiation and heat source/sink of the tangent hyperbolic fluid on EMHD boundary layer flow through stretching sheets. Motile gyrotactic microorganism is considered in the fluid flow and the flow is analyzed with the impact of thermal radiation, heat source/sink, and electromagnetohydrodynamic. By utilizing the proper similarity transformations, partial differential systems are converted to ordinary differential systems. The Runge–Kutta fifth‐order method with shooting technique is used in the converted systems to solve numerically. Velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism density profile are discussed and represented graphically. The numerical values of drag force rate, heat transfer rate, mass transfer rate, and density of motile microorganisms are specified, compared, and results enhancement in heat transfer rate as 64.31% by radiation parameter, mass transfer rate as 97.28% by heat source/sink parameter and microorganism density rate as 28.33% by Peclet number, respectively. The buoyancy parameter diminishes the drag force by 30.39%. The multiple and quadratic regression coefficient for adjusted , multiple , residual standard error, F‐statistic, and p‐value is estimated for skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and density of microorganism. It has significant applications which are widely used to transport biological material in bio‐microfluidics, enhance heat dissipation in high‐performance electronics, thermal management systems on spacecraft and satellites, and solar energy systems.

Conjugate Impacts of Linear Variable Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Radiation on Nonlinear Electrically Conducting Fluid

This study investigates the conjugate impacts of variable thermal conductivity and thermal radiation on nonlinear heat conducting fluid moving vertically through parallel channels. The dimensional governing equations were reduced to dimensionless partial differential equations and consequently transformed to ordinary differential equations. The resulting ordinary differential equations were solved using the homotopy perturbation method. The study aimed at discovering the possible effects of thermal radiation parameter , thermal conductivity parameter , temperature difference parameter and Magnetic parameter through the help of line graphs. It was found that, Velocity and temperature distributions were increasing functions of , while Velocity and temperature distributions are decreasing functions of

Effects of prescribed surface temperature and heat flux with electrical conductivity via microbial chemotaxis to enhance nanoparticle

The purpose of the current investigations in to explore the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Oldroyd-B nanofluid flow over an exponential stretchable surface with variable thermal conductivity. Impact of thermal radiation and gyrotactic motile organism also incorporated in the present study. A fluid that has tiny particles, also referred to as nanoparticles, scattered throughout a base fluid is called a nanofluid. These nanoparticles can be formed from metals, oxides, carbon-based compounds, or other nanomaterials, and their usual sizes range from 1 to 100 nanometers. Water, oil, ethylene glycol, or other common liquids can be used as the foundation fluid. Because of their improved physical qualities, greater heat transfer, and thermal conductivity, nanofluids have many uses in a variety of sectors. Two type of boundary conditions are associated here like prescribed surface temperature (PST) and prescribed heat flux (PHF). Exploring nanoparticles influence on a fluid viscoelasticity, and vice versa, advanced understanding of three-dimensional nanofluid flow over a porous, stretchable surface. The research also probed microorganisms' and reactions' impact on heat/mass transfer. Employing MATLAB and a similarity approach converted Navier-Stokes equations into ordinary differential equations. Outcomes included velocity profile, temperature profiles, concentration profiles, and microbe behavior. Thus, this significantly contributed to modelling collectors and thermal storage. The concentration profile flattens when the Schmidt number (Sc) is increased, indicating that the fluid flow behavior is clearly influenced. Moreover, these findings established ways to improve energy systems' efficiency by elucidating heat transport and fluid flow parameters. This enables sustainable energy solutions to tackle global challenges. The influence of various convergence parameters is illustrated through graphically and in the form of table. Also, our results are validated with the previously published data and found tremendous agreement.

Scaling Law of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Turbulent Radiative Rayleigh-Bénard Convection of Optically Thick Media

Radiative natural convection is of vital importance in the process of energy storage, power generation, and thermal storage technology. As the attenuation coefficients of many heat transfer media in these fields are high enough to be considered as optically thick media, like nanofluids or molten salts in concentrated solar power or phase change thermal storage, Rosseland approximation is commonly used. In this paper, we delve into the impact of thermal radiation on the Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection. Theoretical analysis has been conducted by modifying the Grossmann-Lohse (GL) model. Based on turbulent dissipation theory, the corresponding scaling laws in four main regimes are proposed. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) was also performed, revealing that radiation exerts a notable influence on both flow and heat transfer, particularly on the formation of large-scale circulation. By comparing with DNS results, it is found that due to the presence of radiation, the modified Nu scaling law in small Pr range of the GL model is more suitable for predicting the transport characteristics of optical thick media with large Pr. The maximum deviation between the results of DNS and prediction model is about 10%, suggesting the summarized scaling law can effectively predict the Nu of radiative RB convection.

Viscosity models of tri-hybrid non-Newtonian nanofluid with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux, thermal radiation, Ohmic heating and convective boundary condition

PurposeThis study is to examine the impact of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and Ohmic heating on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow with thermal and mass transport over a horizontally stretching surface. Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model on a non-Newtonian viscous fluid along with two viscosity models and convective boundary condition has been employed. Tri-hybrid nanofluid has been used to increase thermal performance.Design/methodology/approachGoverning mathematical model has been transposed into a dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying suitable similarity transformation. Numerical solution has been found by applying the bvp4c shooting method in MATLAB software.FindingsVelocity and thermal profiles of Model-I dominate the profiles of Model-II whereas opposite behavior is noticed for concentration profiles. It is concluded that there is an increase in temperature due to thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and convective boundary condition.Originality/valueThe novelty of presented work is to examine the impact of Ohmic heating, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, chemical reaction and two models of viscosity on Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model of tri-hybrid non-Newtonian nanofluid with convective boundary constraint. The accuracy and effectiveness of presented model have been compared with already published research.

Study on a tangent hyperbolic thermal fluid flow over a porous stretching sheet with a magnetic field and the effect of suction/injection

This work examines a steady and incompressible flow of 2-dimensional MHD tangent hyperbolic fluid over a linearly stretchable surface with an injection/suction effect. It also investigates the impact of thermal radiation, heat source/sink, a porous medium and variable thermal conductivity. The slippery boundary conditions are employed to consider the presence of velocity slip near the surface. The Lie symmetric analysis with a novel homotopy approach is used to study the influence of non-dimensional characteristics, including the Weissenberg number, the Hartmann number, the power-law index, the Prandtl number, the porosity parameter and the heat absorption/generation parameter, on the fluid flow and temperature. Moreover, the numerical data include an examination of the influence of various parameters on both the surface drag force and the heat transmission rate, presented through graphs and tables. Ultimately, the acquired outcomes have been numerically verified with the pre-existing results. Finally, the heat transmission rate escalates with the augmentation of the Prandtl number and the variable thermal conductivity parameter.

Simulation of thermal radiation effects on the thermal properties of parietodynamic walls using an innovative model

The parietodynamic wall, a type of dynamic insulation, has been recognized as an effective technology to reduce energy loss in buildings by recovering heat energy through forced convection. However, current research on the thermal performance of parietodynamic walls has overlooked the influence of thermal radiation, a crucial factor in energy transfer within the air layers of these walls. To bridge this gap, an innovative simulation model was developed and experimentally validated. Employing simulation methods, we investigated the impact of thermal radiation on the thermal behavior of parietodynamic walls under various influencing factors. Our findings reveal that thermal radiation markedly increases heat loss. Specifically, at an emissivity of 1, thermal radiation contributes up to 80.7% to the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of the parietodynamic wall. Moreover, for a parietodynamic wall without insulation, the HTC of this wall will increase by more than 268% when thermal radiation is taken into account, compared to when it is not considered. These revelations deepen our comprehension of the role of thermal radiation in parietodynamic walls and offer valuable guidance for the development of more energy-efficient buildings.

Investigation of the Impact of a Chemical Reaction on the Magnetohydrodynamic Boundary Layer Flow of a Radiative Maxwell Fluid over a Stretching Sheet Containing Nanoparticles Employing the Variational Iteration Method

The heat and mass transmission properties of a 2-D electrically conducting incompressible Maxwell fluid past a stretched sheet were studied under thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and chemical reactions. This issue has a variety of real-world applications, most notably polymer extrusion and metal thinning. The transport equations account for both Brownian motion and thermophoresis during chemical reactions. Using similarity variables allows for non-dimensionalization of the stream's PDEs and associated boundary conditions. The resulting modified ODEs are solved with the variational iteration approach. The impact of embedded thermo-physical variables on velocity, temperature, and concentration was studied quantitatively. When compared to the RK-Fehlberg approach, the findings are very similar. Raising the chemical reaction parameter narrows the concentration distribution, whereas increasing the temperature increases thermal radiation's impact. As the amount of N_t increases, the thickness of the boundary layer develops, causing the surface temperature to rise, resulting in a temperature increase.

Exploring the significance of nanoparticle shapes and the impact of thermal radiation on MHD viscoelastic nanofluid flow in porous channels

ABSTRACT This study investigates analytically the influence of nanoparticle shapes on an unsteady mixed convective viscoelastic MHD nanofluid flow in a horizontal channel with oscillating walls in a saturated porous medium. The effect of radiation is also considered in the energy equation. The considered NPs are Cu, Ag, Al2O3, TiO2, and Fe3O4, with base fluids H2O and C2H6O2. The considered different shapes of NPs are cylinder, platelet, blade, and brick. The study examines three flow situations based on physical boundary conditions. The perturbation method is employed to solve the flow governing equations for three different flow situations based on physical boundary conditions: Case (i) flow in a horizontal channel with both lower and upper walls stationary; Case (ii) the upper wall of the channel is in oscillation while the lower one is constant; Case (iii) both walls of the channel are in oscillatory motion. The velocity and temperature distributions, as well as the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate, are analyzed through graphs and tables to assess the impact of various governing parameters. From the results, it is found that brick-shaped NPs exhibit more strength to the velocity and temperature distributions, followed by cylinder, platelet, and blade for both water-based and EG-based NF.

Entropy Analysis in Magnetized Blood-Based Hybrid Nanofluid Flow via Parallel Disks

Magnetized hybrid nanofluid combined with ferrite and silver in a blood-based liquid presents their vital role in several aspects such as artificial heart pumping system, drug delivery process, the flow of blood in the artery, etc. This is because the high heat transportation rate of the nanofluid is caused by the inclusion of nanoparticles. The current investigation is based on the characteristic of particle concentration comprised of Fe3O4 and Ag in the base liquid blood that passed in between two infinite parallel disks filled with porous matrix. The electrically conducting fluid associated to maximum of 1.5% of volume concentration from each of the solid particles affects the flow phenomena. However, the impact of thermal radiation vis-à-vis the heat dissipation provides efficient heat transport properties with the inclusion of the effective thermal conductivity assumed from the Hamilton-Crosser model. The proposed conductivity model describes the role of particle shapes on the enhanced thermal properties. Further, numerical treatment is obtained for the transformed designed problem following similarity rules that are used for the conversion of the governing equations into their non-dimensional form. The computation of various flow profiles leads to get the entropy generation due to the irreversibility processes. Along with the fluid velocity and temperature distributions, the study is carried out for the entropy as well as the computation of Bejan number and afterwards the simulation of the shear and heat transportation rate are also depicted graphically. The main finding of the proposed study is that solid particle concentrations have a substantial impact to increasing fluid velocity in magnitude, resulting in a narrower wall thickness at both channel walls. Thermal radiation was shown to be more effective at increasing entropy generation and Bejan value.

Magnetized electroosmotic drug delivery of Au-SiO2 nanocarriers through blood-based jeffrey hybrid nanofluid in a microchannel: Caputo Fabrizio derivative modeling

Fractional calculus is emerging as a promising field to overcome the intricacies inherent in biological systems that prevent conventional techniques from producing optimal results. The present research emphasizes the impact of thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and radiation absorption on an electroosmotic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) blood-based Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid flow in a microchannel, employing the novel Caputo-Fabrizio fractional calculus approach. This study is carried out on two models: ramped and constant boundary conditions with distinct zeta potentials. The graphs are drawn with the help of MATLAB software. Our results demonstrate that the fractional order significantly influences the drug dispersion, and for α=0.9 (fractional parameter), the blood flow becomes wavy. The presence of nanoparticles improves drug transport, hence enhancing the drug concentration in proximity to the target site. For α=0.1, the Jeffrey nanofluid with ramped conditions shows the highest velocity enhancement in the case of pressure-driven, natural convective flow. Electroosmotic force facilitates fluid flow and enhances drug transport efficiency. For Ha < 4, the blood velocity decreases in the vicinity of the plate y = 0, and reverse behavior is observed as it passes y = 0.5, which can aid in effective drug delivery. At y = 0, the heat transfer rate increases by a maximum of 199.18 % while skin friction decreases to 3.07 %, aiding in maintaining medications at the desired temperature and improving drug delivery efficiency. The temperature and velocity of the blood hybrid nanofluid are maximized under ramping wall settings compared to constant wall conditions.

Theoretical assessment of chemically reactive bioconvective flow of hybrid nanofluid by a curved stretchable surface with heat generation

ABSTRACT Bioconvection in hybrid nanofluids refers to the phenomenon where biological microorganisms such as algae or bacteria exhibit collective movement or pattern formation in a suspension containing nanoparticles. This phenomenon has significance in various fields, including biology, nanotechnology, and engineering. The current investigation emphasizes the bioconvective flow of a water (H2O)−ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)-based hybrid nanofluid flow by a curved stretched sheet. Copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles are suspended in the base fluid. The thermal field is analyzed in the presence of heat generation, dissipation, Joule heating, and the impact of thermal radiation. Binary reactions associated with Arrhenius energy are accounted in the modeling of mass concentration. The phenomenon of bioconvection is considered to regulate the random movement of tiny solid particles within the flow. Boundary layer constraints are implemented to eliminate ineffective terms from modeling. The transformation procedure is adopted to obtain the flow governing system of ODEs. The built-in code of Mathematica (NDSolve) is implemented to obtain the graphical and numerical results. The results show that the velocity field decreases with increasing porosity variable and Hartmann number. An opposite impression of the Eckert number and Schmidt variable on the thermal field is noticed. Bioconvection Peclet and Lewis numbers have a direct relationship with motile density.

Thermal radiation effect in electroosmosis regulated peristalsis transport of Williamson hybrid nanofluid via an asymmetric tapered channel

AbstractElectroosmosis effects in a peristaltic transport of nanofluids are significant for developing the biomimetic pumping structure at a microscopic extent in physiological medications, for instance, ocular drug delivery systems. The present article addresses the numerical assessment of a peristaltically driven electro‐osmotic flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluid. The flow is intended to be two‐dimensional, incompressible, unsteady, and subjected to an asymmetric tapered micro‐channel. The characteristics of hybrid nanofluid, which consists of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) as nanoparticles with base fluid‐blood, are explored in a relative manner with regular nanofluid Ag‐blood. Further, the study includes the impact of linear thermal radiation, energy dissipation through viscosity and resistance phenomena with an externally applied consistent magnetic field. The mathematical model is simplified using dimensionless similarity transformations and numerically solved via MATLAB software. Variations in momentum, thermal energy, and entropy generation against various emerging physical parameters are deliberated through graphical results. Longitudinal velocity towards the center line and heat transfer rate is also analyzed through numerical data illustrated in table form. This study introduces a novel mathematical model for the peristaltically driven electroosmosis flow of Ag‐Cu/blood hybrid nanofluid in a tapered asymmetric microchannel, incorporating external electric and magnetic field effects.

Impact of activation energy and thermal radiation on hybrid nanofluid (engine oil + nickel zinc ferrite + manganese zinc ferrite) flow over a wavy cylinder in the presence of induced magnetic field

Impact of activation energy and thermal radiation on hybrid nanofluid (engine oil + nickel zinc ferrite + manganese zinc ferrite) flow over a wavy cylinder in the presence of induced magnetic field

Heat Transfer and Flow of Natural Convection Past a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate

This manuscript presents a numerical investigation of the flow of an electrically conducting, incompressible, viscous fluid past a heated vertical channel with thermal radiation influence. The study uses the Rosseland approximation to describe the radiative heat flux and employs Crank Nicolson's implicit finite difference method utilizing the MATLAB programming tool for solving the non-dimensional system of equations. The results demonstrate that an increase in the thermal radiation parameter leads to a decrease in both the velocity and temperature of the fluid. The main findings of the study highlight the impact of thermal radiation on natural convection and heat transfer processes. This research is significant as it contributes to the understanding of convective heat transfer phenomena and provides valuable insights for applications in science and technology.

Entropy generation analysis of oscillatory magnetized darcian flow of mixed thermal convection and mass transfer with joule heat over radiative sheet

Significance of this work is to examine enhanced thermal efficiency of magnetic nanofluid in the presence of Joule heating and radiation in missile technological devices, nuclear energy plants, rockets, solar energy systems and enhancing cyclic processes. Prominent aim of current investigation is to demonstrate the amplitude and oscillating analysis of mixed convective heat rate of Darcian magnetic nanoparticle movements with entropy generation, thermal radiation and Joule heat impact through porous stretching sheet. The magnetic layer along stretching surface plays important role to control thermal performance. Governing mathematical equations are reduced in convenient form by using non-dimensional analysis. The primitive mathematical form of steady and oscillating model is calculated through oscillatory stokes and primitive variables. Using Gaussian elimination and finite differences techniques, the geometrical and numerical outcomes of steady and oscillatory models are obtained by applying FORTRAN lahey-95 programming tool. The novelty of this problem is to study the oscillatory thermal and concentration profiles of Darcian magnetic nanoparticles with Joule heating and radiations. It is examined that momentum and temperature distribution grows as radiant-energy increases but decreases for maximum Joule heating. It is found that temperature and concentration distributions enhances as magnetic force decreases. Prominent enhancing amplitudes in heat and mass transfer are obtained for maximum Schmidt and thermophoresis parameter. Heat and mass transfer decreases as magnetic factor increases due to insulating magnetic nanoparticles.

Impact of multiple slips and thermal radiation on heat and mass transfer in MHD Maxwell hybrid nanofluid flow over porous stretching sheet

This study investigates the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary-layer flow over a stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium, focusing on the innovative use of hybrid nanofluids. The research has practical applications in heat exchangers, nanofluid technology, porous media, and MHD systems. Key governing parameters, including internal heat sources/sinks, multiple slips, and thermal radiation, are analyzed for their impact on the flow. The nanofluid consists of hybridized nanoparticles (Alumina-Magnetite) dispersed in a water and ethylene glycol mixture (WEG-50:50). Assuming steady-state, incompressible, and laminar flow with small boundary layer thickness and constant nanofluid properties, the governing equations for continuity, momentum, energy, and species concentration are formulated. The fluid is modeled as a non-Newtonian (Maxwell) fluid. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations system, with specified boundary conditions, is solved using the Runge-Kutta integration scheme implemented in MAPLE 23. Numerical results of heat transfer rates are validated against existing data, showing a 12 % increase in the Nusselt number for the WEG-Al2O3 nanofluid and a 20 % increase for the hybrid WEG- Al2O3–Fe3O4 nanofluid. It is demonstrated that skin friction decreases by up to 15 % with increased thermal Grashof number and that the Nusselt number can be reduced by up to 10 % due to magnetic effects. Overall, hybrid nanofluids generally demonstrate higher Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, enhancing heat transfer efficiency.

Thermal performance of MHD quadratic convection of nano fluid flow in a square cavity filled with a porous medium with radiation and heat generation effects

The dynamics of enclosure flows are crucial for temperature management in fuel cell systems. Effective temperature control is essential for maintaining optimal operating conditions, thereby enhancing the efficiency and longevity of fuel cells. By refining coolant flow pathways, simulations play a pivotal role in efficiently dissipating the heat generated during electricity production. This study aims to explore the numerical simulation of buoyancy-driven magnetized nanofluid flows within a square enclosure saturated with a porous medium. The goal is to understand how various factors, such as magnetic fields, nanoparticle suspension, thermal radiation, porosity, and internal heat generation/absorption, collectively impact fluid dynamics and thermal distribution. The study employs the finite difference-based Marker-and-Cell (MAC) method, validated against previous studies, to accurately simulate buoyancy-driven flow phenomena. The transverse uniform magnetic field, Nield conditions, and heat generation are considered, with the nanofluid characterized by Buongiorno’s model. The MAC solver is used to solve the dimensionless conservative equations of thermal transport, mass, and momentum transport, ensuring appropriate wall conditions. The impact of magnetic number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 30), heat generation (−2 ≤ Q ≤ 2), Darcy parameter (10−4 ≤Da ≤10−1), Rayleigh number (104 ≤Ra ≤ 106), Thermal radiation (0 ≤ Rd ≤ 7) and Non-linear temperature parameter (0 ≤λ ≤3) on the fluid flow and thermal transport have been examined. The study comprehensively analyses the interplay of the magnetic field, nanoparticle suspension, thermal radiation, porosity parameter, and internal heat generation/absorption. It concludes that these factors significantly influence fluid dynamics and thermal distribution within the enclosure, providing valuable insights for optimizing temperature management in fuel cell systems.

Analyzing the impact of convective boundary conditions on fluid–particle mixture flow in a ciliated walled horizontal tube filled with Rabinowitsch fluid

This study investigates the impact of convective boundary conditions, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation on the flow of fluid–particle mixture in a ciliated walled horizontal tube filled with Rabinowitsch fluid. A mathematical model is developed using partial differential equations of continuity, motion, and energy, which are solved using the symbolic software MATHEMATICA 12.0 with convective boundary conditions. Exact solutions for velocity, temperature distribution, pressure gradient, pressure rise, stream function, and heat transfer rate are obtained and analyzed for dilatant, Newtonian, and pseudoplastic fluids. Computational results reveal that the velocity and temperature profiles are highest at the center of the tube for pseudoplastic and Newtonian fluids compared to dilatant fluid. Additionally, pressure gradient fluctuates near the tube walls. The study also explores special cases where the Rabinowitsch fluid model is reduced to dilatant, Newtonian, and pseudoplastic fluids. The findings have potential applications in medical treatments for respiratory system tumors, airway cleaning, physiological fluids, and manufacturing processes involving peristaltic flow. This original research contributes to the understanding of fluid dynamics in complex systems and has implications for various practical applications.