Impacted Canine Teeth Research Articles

Modified Mandibular Lingual Arch for Orthodontic Traction of Impacted Mandibular Canine and Premolar: Case Reports

Impaction of the tooth can cause functional and esthetic problems, so early intervention is critical. This report describes two cases of orthodontic traction of impacted mandibular canine and mandibular premolar teeth using a modified mandibular lingual arch soldered with traction hooks rather than a conventional orthodontic appliance. By planning the position and shape of the traction hooks with consideration for the three-dimensional position and angulation of the impacted teeth, clinicians can apply the intended direction and magnitude of traction force. Furthermore, this appliance can be used for multiple impacted teeth in various locations within the mandibular arch by modifying the position and shape of the traction hooks.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Maxillary Sinus and Nasopalatine Canal of Maxillary Impacted Canines by Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Introduction. One of the critical parameters evaluated while planning orthodontic treatment for impacted canines in clinical practice is the relationship between impacted canines and adjacent anatomical structures. The nasopalatine canal (NPC) and maxillary sinus are anatomical formations that may be in close proximity to impacted canines. This study aimed to determine the relationship between palatally impacted canines, the maxillary sinus, and the NPC. Methods. A total of 105 impacted canines from 93 patients were evaluated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The relationship between the impacted canine teeth, maxillary sinus, and NPC was assessed inside, outside, and at the border of the maxillary sinus floor and NPC walls. The millimetric distance between the impacted canine teeth and the borders of the maxillary sinus, the NPC, and the cortical bone of the palate was measured. Additionally, NPC morphology was assessed on the axial and sagittal CBCT images. Results. Of all the impacted teeth, 47.6% (3.8% inside, 43.8% at the border) were associated with the sinus, while 42.8% (15.2% inside, 27.6% at the border) were associated with the NPC. A significant moderate negative correlation (-0.32) was observed between age and the distance between impacted left canine teeth and the cortical bone of the palate. Additionally, when a Y-shaped NPC was present, the impacted canines were predominantly situated outside the canal. Conclusions. In this study, nearly half of the canines were located inside or at the border of the maxillary sinus and the NPC. Therefore, clinicians should carefully evaluate the relationship of impacted teeth with the maxillary sinus and the NPC during both orthodontic treatment and the extraction of impacted teeth.

Maxillary Canine Impaction: Assessing the Influence of Maxillary Anatomy Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of patients with unilateral impacted canine teeth compared to a control group. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records were retrospectively analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS CBCT records of 64 patients with unilateral impacted canine teeth (57.8% female and 42.2% male) and 64 controls (59.4% female and 40.6% male) were retrospectively analyzed. On the CBCT images, intermolar width, arch length, arch perimeter, palatal width in the molar region at cementoenamel junction, palatal width in the molar region at the crest, palatal width in the molar region measured from mid-root level, nasal cavity width, and palatal depth were evaluated. RESULTS In the palatal width measurement from the mid-root variable, the measurement of labially positioned canines was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). In terms of intermolar width, the labial positioned impacted canines' values were lower than in the control group. There was a significant difference in terms of the perimeter variable and both palatinally and labially positioned impacted canines were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). All parameters were compared according to sex, and measurements of male patients were significantly higher than in female patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A labially impacted canine was strongly linked to a decrease in mid-root palatal and intermolar widths. Additionally, impacted canines positioned both palatally and labially were found to result in a reduced arch perimeter. Moreover, male patients with impacted canines exhibited notably greater anatomical measurements compared to female patients.

Investigating the success rate of maxillary impacted canine tooth eruption using orthodontics according to age, gender and type of impaction in Shahrekord dental clinics in 2023

Background: Canine teeth have a significant impact on the order and proper function of other teeth. Canine impaction can have negative esthetic and functional effects. This study investigated the success rate of orthodontically-assisted eruption of maxillary canine teeth according to age, sex, and type of impaction in Shahrekord city, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, panoramic radiographs of 112 patients who had initiated their orthodontic treatment at least 2 years earlier and had completed it by 2023 were evaluated. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were also used when necessary to assess the details. The type, depth, and angle of erupted and impacted canine teeth were determined. The data were analyzed by the Fisher's exact test and t-test. Results: Impacted canines successfully erupted in 72 patients (64.3%). Palatal impaction was more common (71.4%) than buccal impaction (28.6%). Regarding the impaction depth, type C had the highest frequency (63.4%), followed by type B (30.4%), and type A (6.3%). There was no significant correlation between the gender of patients and success rate of assisted eruption (P&gt;0.05), but age and type of impaction were correlated with the success rate (P&lt;0.05). The erupted canine teeth had a significantly higher mean angle relative to the occlusal plane compared with non-erupted teeth (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The success rate of orthodontically-assisted eruption of impacted maxillary canine teeth was high, and patients in the age range of 15 to 18 years with grade II impaction showed the highest success rate of orthodontically-assisted eruption of impacted canine teeth.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in anterior maxilla: A case report

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon benign lesion of odontogenic origin. This tumor mainly affects young individuals in the second decade with a female predilection and is most commonly located in the anterior maxilla, usually associated with an impacted canine tooth. The aim of this report is to discuss the case of a 24-year-old female with AOT in the maxillary incisor region and includes the surgical management of the case.

Diagnostic accuracy of conventional orthodontic radiographic modalities and cone-beam computed tomography for localization of impacted maxillary canine teeth.

Orthodontic treatment planning for an impacted canine tooth requires accurate information about its position. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two conventional orthodontic radiographic modalities with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for localization of impacted maxillary canine teeth. Panoramic radiographs, lateral cephalograms, and CBCT scans of 30 patients with unilaterally impacted maxillary canine teeth were retrieved from the archives. Eight expert orthodontists evaluated the parameters related to the location of impacted canine teeth by using panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms of patients. After 4 weeks, the same parameters were evaluated on CBCT scans of patients. The diagnostic accuracy of conventional modalities and CBCT was compared with each other and also with the gold standard. The conventional radiographic modalities and CBCT had similar accuracy for assessment of the overall inclination (p = 0.11), apex morphology (p = 0.18), and mesiodistal position of the apex (p = 0.12). CBCT had significantly higher accuracy for determination of incisal tip location (p = 0.001), labiopalatal (p = 0.001) and vertical (p = 0.01) position of the crown tip, minimum bone thickness covering the crown (p = 0.001), and root resorption of the adjacent tooth (p = 0.001). The combination of panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms was sufficiently accurate to assess some diagnostic parameters such as overall inclination, apex morphology, and mesiodistal apex location of impacted canine teeth.

Evaluation of T aluation of Trabecular Bone Ar abecular Bone Around the Impacted Maxillar ound the Impacted Maxillary Canine on CBCT Images by Fractal Analysis

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the position, angulation and surrounding trabecular bone structure of a unilateral impacted maxillary canine (IMC) tooth using fractal analysis. Methods: Cone beam computed tomography images of 50 patients (38 female, 12 male) with unilateral IMC were selected for this retrospective study. A 25x25 pixel region of interest (ROI) was selected in the trabecular bone between the premolars on the impacted and non-impacted side and fractal analysis was conducted. The angulation of unilateral impacted canines was measured and the position was categorized as vestibular, intra-alveolar and palatal. Results: Of the 50 impacted teeth, 42% were in the vestibular, 26% were in the intra-alveolar, and 32% were in the palatal position. The most common angulation angle of the IMC was 0°-15° which occurred in 44% of canines. While the bone fractal values did not statistically significantly differ between the sides, the values were 1.05 ± 0.9 on the impacted side and 1.04 ± 0.1 on the non-impacted side. No significant difference was observed in fractal values according to the position and angulation angles of the impacted maxillary canine (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: The structure of trabeculation around the impacted canine tooth was no different than on the non-impacted side.

Evaluation of Nasal Cavity Volume in Maxillary Unilateral Impacted Canine Teeth with Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Amaç&#x0D; Maksiller kanin dişler, üçüncü molar dişlerden sonra en çok gömük kalan dişlerdir. Bu dişlerin gömük kalma etyolojisi tam olarak belli olmamakla beraber, palatinal konumlu dişlerin genetik faktörler kaynaklı bukkal konumlu gömülü kaninlerin ise daha çok lokal kaynaklı faktörler nedeniyle süremedikleri düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı maksiller gömülü kanin dişlerin nazal kavitede bir darlığa sebep olup olmadığını öğrenmektir.&#x0D; Materyal Metot&#x0D; Fakültemize başvurmuş herhangi bir nedenle konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi alınmış 100 maksiller unilateral kanin dişi gömülü olan hastaların nazal kavite hacimleri manuel segmentasyon yöntemi ile 3D-DOCTOR (Able Software Corp., Lexington, MA, USA uygulaması ile yapılmış ve gömülü olmayan tarafa göre karşılaştırılmıştır. &#x0D; Sonuç&#x0D; Unilateral maksiller kanin dişi gömülü hastaların nazal kavite hacimleri, gömülü olmayan tarafa göre daha küçük bulunmuş ancak bu farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p&gt;0.05).

Characteristics of Unilaterally Impacted Maxillary Canines and Effect on Environmental Tissues: A CBCT Study.

The prognosis of orthodontic treatment for a patient with impacted canine teeth can be affected by many factors and understanding some of the characteristics of impacted teeth can increase the effectiveness and reduce the duration of treatment. This study aims to explore the effects of positions and dentoalveolar morphological characteristics of impacted maxillary canines on the prognosis of orthodontic treatment. In this study, forty-six adolescent individuals who applied for treatment of impacted teeth were divided into three groups: CC (no impacted maxillary canine group), BC (unilateral buccally positioned impacted maxillary canine group), and PC (unilateral palatally positioned impacted maxillary canine group). The impacted canine and adjacent teeth were evaluated in terms of position, angulation, inclination, mesiodistal and buccolingual widths, root length, dilaceration angle, and root resorption. The mean values of U3 Ang (angulation of the maxillary impacted canine) and U3/U2 angles (maxillary impacted canine and lateral incisor angle) were statistically significantly higher in the BC and PC groups (p < 0.001). The mean values of U2 RL (lateral incisor root length) and U3 RD (canine root dilaceration angle) were statistically significantly lower in the BC and PC groups. The results of this study suggest that shorter root lengths and increased angulation values may lead to the ectopic eruption of canines. The higher canine angulations in the PC group increase the degree of root resorption.

Reliability of CBCT Dataset in Determination of Surgical Approaches of Maxillary Impacted Canine Teeth

Background: One of the most commonly impacted teeth is the maxillary canine, right after the third molar. Many potential difficulties might arise before, during, and after the extraction of impacted maxillary teeth. Performing thorough radiographic exams can be beneficial. The information for a two-dimensional (2D) examination is provided by the periapical and panoramic radiographs (OPG) utilized in conventional dental radiography. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a novel imaging technology developed in response to the shortcomings of traditional (2D) imaging methods. Everyone will gain from these problems resolved. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate two types of 2D (OPG), and 3D imaging (CBCT) approaches for diagnosing and treating maxillary impacted canines. Furthermore, to determine the best approach selection option for surgical removal procedures utilizing OPG and CBCT, focusing on the sagittal section for increased safety and efficiency. Materials and Methods: This study is a prospective radiographic investigation of 80 patients with CBCT radiographic evaluation. Eighteen cases (22.5%) of men and 62 (77.5%) of women reported. Version 27 of SPSS used to analyze the data. The independent t-test offered information on the reliability of the quantitative variables. We utilized a Chi-square test for the qualitative analysis, and for the quantitative analysis, we used a cross-tabulation to determine the level of agreement. Results: The t-test result, depending on surgical approach time, was 8.4; there is a significant difference between the two radiography prognosis, with p-values of (0.000) at the significant level (0.05). The %ages of agreement between impactions and surgical techniques ranged from 87.5% to 100%. Conclusion: This study shows that the CBCT guide can provide accurate, reliable, and reproducible results in assessing and predicting the kind of impaction and surgical approach in a simple, time-saving manner.

Effects of Ballista and Kilroy Springs on Palatally Impacted Canines: A Finite Element Model Analysis

This study evaluated the stress distribution and displacement on impacted maxillary canines and their adjacent teeth of orthodontic forced eruption using Ballista and Kilroy springs by finite element model (FEM) analysis. Two different FEMs applying the same force level on an impacted canine tooth (Model 1: Ballista spring, Model 2: Kilroy spring) were conducted using FEM analysis and the principal stresses, von Mises stresses, and displacements were evaluated. Von Mises values at the cusp tip of impacted canines were measured as 0.009896 N/mm² in the Ballista model and 0.015334 N/mm² in the Kilroy model. The highest value was measured in the buccal apex of the first premolar in both spring designs. The extrusion was observed in Ballista, and intrusion was observed in the Kilroy model at the apex of the first premolar. The Ballista model showed the highest value (0.003642 N/mm²) at the buccal tip of the first premolar, while in the Kilroy model, the highest measurement (0.002989 N/mm²) was shown at the incisal edge of the lateral tooth. Von Mises stress values were higher in the Kilroy model at the cusp tip and apical part of the impacted tooth than that in the Ballista model. The highest von Mises stress values were concentrated on the buccal root apex of the first premolar in both models. Although the amount of force applied by the springs was the same, the stress values were different depending on the spring design.

Root resorption of adjacent teeth due to maxillary impacted canines – comparative analysis of the findings on cone beam computed tomography and panoramic imaging

Background/Aim. A frequently reported phenomenon associated with impacted maxillary canines is root resorption (RR) of the adjacent teeth. The reported incidence of RR also depends on the radiographic imaging method used. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between two radiographic methods: panoramic imaging (orthopantomogram ? OPT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), in diagnosing contact between the impacted canine with the adjacent teeth and the existence of their resorption. Methods. The study included 64 subjects aged 12 to 33 years, with 80 impacted maxillary canines not orthodontically treated previously. Positions of impacted maxillary ca-nines and possible RR of adjacent teeth were firstly estimated on the OPT and then on the CBCT. Results. The estimated prevalence of RR of permanent teeth was significantly different concerning the estimation of OPT and CBCT imaging. RR of the adjacent teeth was found in 25% of the OPT but i n 6 6.25% of the CBCT. The lateral incisor was the tooth most commonly affected by RR. It is especially important to emphasize that premolar resorption was not detected at all using OPT. Conclusion. There was a highly significant difference between OPT and CBCT analysis concerning the relationship between the impacted canine and adjacent teeth and their possible resorptions. CBCT is a more accurate and precise examination method compared to OPT for determining the localization of impacted teeth and the possible presence of RR in the adjacent teeth.

Introducing a User-Friendly Technique for Treatment of Palatally-Impacted Canines with the Aid of Temporary Anchorage Devices.

Treatment of impacted canine teeth is a challenge for most clinicians, especially in adult patients with high risk of ankylosis. Conventionally, leveling and alignment of the teeth are first performed and after heavy arch wire placement in slot of brackets, de-impaction force is applied. However, this method has some disadvantages, such as inability to detect ankylosis of the impacted tooth until load application, risk of root resorption of incisors or necrosis of them, distortion of dental arch form, the need for early extraction of primary canines, which is esthetically unfavorable for patients, and long-term presence of fixed orthodontic appliances in the oral cavity. This study aims to introduce approach that can be easily used by busy clinicians to guide palatally impacted canines into the dental arch using a cantilever spring supported by two palatal miniscrews prior to the initiation of fixed orthodontic treatment, and report some cases treated with this technique. This technique does not have the shortcomings of the conventional technique. In addition, the total duration of treatment, and duration of presence of orthodontic appliances in the oral cavity are shorter than the conventional technique. In addition, is less technique sensitive and do not need time complex and time consuming wire bending.

Evaluation of maxillary arch width and palatal volume and depth in patients with maxillary impacted canine by CBCT

IntroductionCanines are the second most common tooth in terms of impaction. Impacted teeth can be associated with some different indices of dental arch and dentoalveolar structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate maxillary arch width as well as volume and depth of palate in patients with maxillary impacted canine by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 45 CBCT images of patients with unilateral maxillary impacted canines were examined. All patients had palatally impacted canines. Three parameters of maxillary arch width, palatal volume and palatal depth were assessed using axial and sagittal incisions on the CBCT images. Then all the measurements on the impacted side were compared with the non-impacted side. Data were entered into SPSS software and paired sample t-test and Student's t-test were used to comparison. The significance level of 0.05 was considered. ResultsThe maxillary arch width on the impacted side was significantly less than the normal side (P < 0.001). The mean depth of the palate was 14.86 ± 3.53 mm. There was a significant correlation between canine impaction and Palatal volume (R = 0.728 and P-value< 0.001), but no significant correlation between canine impaction and Maxillary arch width was shown (R = 0.15 and p-value = 0.326). ConclusionThe impacted canine was significantly associated with a reduction in the width of the maxillary arch on the affected side, and it made no difference if the impacted side was left or right. Also, impacted canine teeth were significantly associated with volume reduction on the affected side.

Tek Taraflı Palatinal Gömülü Maksiller Kanin Dişin Anatomik Konumunun Komşuluğundaki Lateral Diş Kökü Rezorpsiyonu ile İlişkisi

Amaç: Panoramik radyograflar üzerinde, palatinalde tek taraflı gömülü maksiller kaninin anatomik konumunun, komşu lateral kökü rezorpsiyonuna sebebiyet verme potansiyelini belirlemektir. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışma tek taraflı maksiller gömülü kanine sahip yaş ortalaması 23,81±6,59 yıl olan toplam 47 hastanın panoramik radyografları üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya dahil edilen bireylerin KIBT kayıtlarında gömülü maksiller kanine komşu lateral dişte rezorpsiyonu belirlenerek, çalışma materyali lateral dişte rezorpsiyonu olan ve lateral dişi sağlıklı olan iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Toplam 47 bireye ait gömülü maksiller kanin anatomik konumu panoramik radyograf üzerinde (a) sektör belirleme, (b) kanin kronunun vertikal pozisyonu, (c) gömülü maksiller kaninin oklüzyon düzlemi ile yaptığı açı, (d) kanin folikül genişliği ölçümü yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiş, maksiller gömülü kanin dişe komşu lateral dişin rezorpsiyon potansiyeli SPSS 20.0 istatistiksel analiz programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Komşu laterali sağlıklı olan gruba nazaran lateral diş rezorpsiyonu gözlenen bireylerin gömülü kaninin oklüzal düzlem açısı daha yüksek (p&amp;lt;0,001), folikül genişliği daha düşüktür (p=0,008). Lateral diş rezorpsiyonu gözlenen bireyde gömülü kanin dişin oklüzal düzlem ile yaptığı açı değerleri (p=0,001) anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Lateral diş rezorpsiyonu olan hasta grubunda yaş ile oklüzal açı (r=0,449; p=0,028) pozitif yönlü; folikül genişliği (r=0,529; p=0,008) ile negatif yönlü anlamlı korelasyon gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Panoramik radyograflar ile sürmesi gecikmiş ya da gömülü kalmış, palatinalde konumlanan maksiller kanin sürme kontrolü ve komşu lateral dişte rezorpsiyon oluşturma potansiyeli gömülü kanin dişin okluzal düzlem açısı ve folikül genişliği ölçümleri ile belirlenebilir.

ORAL CONDITIONS AND DENTAL PHENOTYPES IN SUBJECTS WITH PIERRE ROBIN SYNDROMIC SEQUENCE: LITERATURE REVIEW

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a critical literature review on oral conditions and dental phenotypes described in patients with Syndromic Pierre Robin Sequence (SPRS). The review of theMaterials and Methods: literature on oral conditions and dental phenotypes was performed in patients with SPRS through an active search in three databases, PubMed, Medline and SciELO, using the descriptors: “Dental Abnormalities”, “Tooth Abnormalities”, “Oral Diagnosis”, “Dentistry”, “Oral Health”, combined with: “Pierre Robin Syndrome”, “Mandibulofacial Dysostosis”, “22q11 Deletion Syndrome”, and “Stickler”. For the selection of manuscripts, papers published between 2014 and 2022 were analyzed according to the inclusion criteria. Were selected 7 studiesResults: addressing dental conditions or dental anomalies in SPRS in the 3 syndromes chosen: 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2 DS), Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) and Stickler Syndrome (SS). In the 3 studies on 22q.11 DS, it was observed that the most reported anomalies were dental agenesis, impacted canine, enamel hypoplasia and supernumerary tooth, respectively. In studies on TCS, with a reduced number of subjects, dental crowding and occlusal changes were the most common oral conditions. No study addressed the dental phenotypes of SS. Conclusions: The importance of further studies on this specic topic is emphasized, since SPRS involves micrognathia and mandibular retroposition. Thus, these clinical ndings can be valuable for all professionals who provide assistance to these patients. Thus, based on this knowledge, it is possible to plan more effective rehabilitation, contributing to improving the quality of life of these individuals.

Investigation the angulation of maxillary impacted canines by using cone-beam computed tomography

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the angulation and localization of unilaterally impacted canines by using CBCT. Methodology: Seventy-two images were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria. Demographic information (age and gender), localization and angulation of the impacted canine teeth were recorded. Canine angulation was measured between the two lines drawn on the coronal section of CBCT, with the first line drawn from the crista galli to the anterior nasal spine and the second line drawn along the long axes of the impacted canine teeth. Results: The mean age was 35.42±12.29 years in men and 31.10±11.09 years in women. In women, 16 of the impacted canines were on the right and 23 were on the left side, while in men, 21 of them were on the right and 12 were on the left side. Mean angulation was 34.6° (range, 17.6°-64.4°) for women and 36.2° (range, 21.4°-56.3°) for men. A weak negative correlation was found between patient age and angulation (p=0.49, rho = - 0.233). Conclusion: Angulation of maxillary impacted canines is an important predictive factor in orthodontic treatment. In the present study, no significant difference was found between angulation and canine localization and gender. How to cite this article: Laçin N, Yalçın M. Investigation the angulation of maxillary impacted canines by using cone-beam computed tomography. Int Dent Res 2022;12(1):9-13. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2022.vol11.no1.2 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Positional factors affecting the surgical management of impacted permanent mandibular canines.

To assess which positional factors influence the decision to surgically remove or expose an impacted mandibular canine. Clinical and radiographic assessment are important considerations when treatment planning for the management of impacted mandibular canines. A cross-sectional study. The Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK. The clinical notes and orthopantomogram radiographs were assessed for all patients aged 21 years or under who underwent surgical management of impacted mandibular canine teeth between 2017 and 2019. The following variables were recorded: angulation, horizontal position, vertical height, overlap of the adjacent tooth and bucco-lingual position of the canine. From the 67 patients and 77 canines included, surgical extraction was performed for 48 canines (62%) and surgical exposure was performed for 29 canines (38%). Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression revealed canine angulation to the midline, horizontal position of the canine root apex, vertical height of the canine crown and canine overlap of the adjacent tooth to be associated with the decision to remove or expose an impacted permanent mandibular canine (P < 0.001). The bucco-lingual position of the canine did not influence the decision to remove or expose an impacted permanent mandibular canine (P = 0.159). The decision to expose or remove an impacted mandibular canine is guided by its angulation, horizontal position and vertical position, and by the degree of overlap of the adjacent tooth. However, the bucco-lingual position is not related to the decision to surgically remove or expose an impacted permanent mandibular canine.

Comparison of Trabecular Bone in Impacted and Normal Erupted Unilateral Maxillary Canine Teeth Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Patients Scheduled for Orthodontic Treatment at the Universitas Airlangga Dental and Oral Hospital

Background. Cone-beam computed tomography is being utilized in more clinical contexts and determining bone density with this method is becoming more important. Dentists, particularly dentomaxillofacial radiologists, orthodontists, and oral surgeons, must have a solid understanding of gray value. The gray values acquired from conebeam computed tomography images are used to assess dental implant bone density, diagnose dental ankylosis, and diagnose and differentiate pathological lesions. Objective. To determine the difference in the gray value of the trabecular bone in the impacted and normal erupted maxillary canine teeth using cone computed tomography. Methods. We retrospectively evaluated the cone-beam computed tomography images of patients scheduled for orthodontic treatment at the Universitas Airlangga Dental and Oral Hospital. On cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography images, the region of interest determination of 5 mm2 in the area was placed in the trabecular bone and the gray value measurements were collected using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (OnDemand3D™) dental software. The images were categorized by type of impacted canine teeth after assessing the gray values of all the teeth. Using images on the mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal areas, gray values of impacted and non-impacted teeth were compared. We used the SPSS 24 software. Results. From a total of 13 patient radiographs, we found types I (6/13), II (6/13), and VII (1/13). The mean pixel values of impacted maxillary unilateral canine teeth were 1972.92 (mesial), 2016.55 (distal), 1990.66 (buccal), and 1904.39 (palatal). The mean pixel values of normal erupted maxillary canines were 1754.93 (mesial), 1710.53 (distal), 1852.94 (buccal), and 1674.49 (palatal). There were significant differences between impacted and normal erupted maxillary canines: mesial (P = 0.018), distal (P = 0.000), buccal (P = 0.003), and palatal (P = 0.036). Conclusion. There were statistically significant differences between affected and unaffected gray values in the canines in FOV size 51 × 55 mm. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the gray values in trabecular bone of unilateral maxillary impacted canines and normal erupted canines on the mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal sides.

Evaluation of the Relationship between Sella Turcica Bridging and Dental Anomalies

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the morphological variations of Sella Turcica (ST) and dental anomalies. Methods: This study included 765 individuals between the ages of 13 and 35. ST morphology was examined in 3 groups as no calcification, partially calcified and completely calcified according to the interclinoid ligament (ICL) on lateral cephalometric films, and it was examined and evaluated in terms of its relationship to impacted canines (unilateral and bilateral), impacted teeth (except 3rd molars), root dilaceration, tooth deficiency (upper incisor lateral - lower and upper second premolar), supernumerary tooth and taurodontism. Results: The rates of supernumerary teeth, lateral and premolar tooth deficiency and root dilaceration in total calcification of ICL were significantly higher than those in ICL with no calcification. The rates of taurodontism, unilateral and bilateral impacted canine teeth and impacted teeth in ICL with no calcification were found to be significantly lower than those in the partial and total calcification of ICL. Conclusion: In this study, a statistically significant relationship was found between ST morphology and dental anomalies. Examination of sella turcica bridging (STB) variations in a large population will be guiding for the early detection of dental anomalies.