Impact Pile Driving Research Articles

Semiempirical Model of Vibration-Induced Ground Deformations due to Impact Pile Driving

Semiempirical Model of Vibration-Induced Ground Deformations due to Impact Pile Driving

Empirical, Experimental and Numerical Prediction of Ground-Borne Vibrations Induced by Impact Pile Driving

The automatization of construction activities, which aims to reduce the time and cost of constructions, makes impact pile driving an interesting technique. However, these activities in urban areas can generate excessive vibrations and interfere with people and structures in the vicinity. With that in mind, predicting the expected vibration levels during the project design stage is essential. Different methodologies can be employed in this task, from empirical approaches to detailed and complex numerical formulations. This paper intends to present an overview of the empirical methods and the main physics of the problem from a numerical point of view. The results obtained are then compared with experimental vibration data reported in the literature in order to discuss the adequacy of empirical and numerical methodologies in predicting ground-borne vibrations induced by impact pile driving.

Underwater Noise Simulation of Impact Pile Driving for Offshore Wind Farm in Taiwan

The radiated acoustic waves from impact pile driving produce high noise level into the water which may cause damage to marine mammals living close to the offshore construction location. In this paper, a linear, axisymmetric finite element (FE) model is applied to predict pile driving noise in the water. Measurement from bottom-mounted hydrophone deployed at a site 230 m from the source is used to validate the model results. The comparisons between model results and measurement, such as structure modal analysis, sound exposure level at different pile penetration and unweighted one-third octave band level, are presented and show useful predictions of noise level from the model. Furthermore, a time domain case is demonstrated to show Mach wave associated with the radial deformation of the pile and supersonic speed. Finally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression are made after verifying the model prediction. The ANOVA results identifies some significant parameters on pile driving noise and the empirical equation from linear regression represents the noise level from pile driving impact at close range. These are possible metrics on offshore wind farm environment assessment in Taiwan.

Closure to “Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards” by Amir Hamidi, Abtin Farshi Homayoun Rooz, and Majid Pourjenabi

Closure to “Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards” by Amir Hamidi, Abtin Farshi Homayoun Rooz, and Majid Pourjenabi

Discussion of “Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards” by Amir Hamidi, Abtin Farshi Homayoun Rooz, and Majid Pourjenabi

Discussion of “Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards” by Amir Hamidi, Abtin Farshi Homayoun Rooz, and Majid Pourjenabi

Closure to “Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving” by Athina Grizi, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Richard D. Woods

Closure to “Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving” by Athina Grizi, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Richard D. Woods

Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards

Allowable Distance from Impact Pile Driving to Prevent Structural Damage Considering Limits in Different Standards

Numerical Analysis of Factors Affecting Ground Vibrations due to Continuous Impact Pile Driving

Numerical Analysis of Factors Affecting Ground Vibrations due to Continuous Impact Pile Driving

Discussion of “Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving” by Athina Grizi, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Richard D. Woods

Discussion of “Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving” by Athina Grizi, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Richard D. Woods

Numerical Modeling of Radiated Sound for Impact Pile Driving in Offshore Environments

In this paper, a coupled near-to-far-field numerical model for predicting the acoustic emissions from impact pile driving in offshore environments is presented. The near-field region of the pile is modeled via an axisymmetric finite element method (FEM) model which is solved in the frequency domain. The calculated radiated field at a chosen radial distance in the FEM model is then expanded into a series of local normal modes (NMs) which are propagated into the far field, to predict the piling sound characteristics, such as the peak pressure and sound exposure levels, at large ranges. Numerical examples are presented for the same pile configuration adopted for the COMPILE 2014 benchmark workshop on predicting offshore pile-driving noise, and these results are compared in both the near and far fields to those of several other research groups who presented results at the workshop. Results from the present FEM-NM near-to-far-field model are shown to be generally in good agreement with those results from the other research groups. In the near field, similar signal waveforms are predicted by the various models which employ the same pile wall boundary conditions. In the far field, the selected models showed a variation of $\pm$ 1 dB at 1.5 km, and $\pm$ 4 dB at 50 km for the predicted peak pressure levels, and a variation of $\pm$ 1.5 dB over the 50-km range for the predicted sound exposure levels.

Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving

Pile driving is a complex dynamic process where little insight has been garnered in terms of the energy transfer from the driver to the soil and surrounding structures. Ground motion measurements during driving of full scale steel H-piles with diesel hammers are presented. The key feature of this work is the in-depth sensor installation starting very close to the pile (0.2 m), at other radial distances from the pile, and at various depths in the ground. Differences in wave sources from the tip and the shaft of the pile as well as wave attenuation coefficients are revealed from the sensor measurements. Attenuation relationships fitted through the data could be used to predict ground motion that could cause shakedown settlement. A conventional line array of surface mounted geophones was also used and results are presented.