Impact Of Women's Empowerment Research Articles

Impact of Women Empowerment on Career Advancement of Female Engineers

The importance of women in national development cannot be understated, and women's empowerment is still a topic of discussion on a global scale. The attainment of gender parity and the empowerment of women have been considered essential to the accomplishment of sustainable development objectives. As a result, the participation of women is becoming more prevalent in a variety of areas, including engineering. In addition to providing excellent service, women in this field have debunked the myth that engineering is a male-dominated profession. Organizations that employ female engineers report high levels of satisfaction with the outcomes attained, and this inspires more women to join the field. Even though more women are graduating from engineering programs, very few of them remain in the workforce, and of those who do, very few move up the corporate ladder. This raises the question of whether empowerment alone will be sufficient to keep female engineers on track and guarantee their career advancement. In light of the aforementioned, this study examined the impact of women's empowerment on the career advancement of female engineers. The study employed a descriptive survey research design to investigate how female engineers' career advancement is influenced by promotion, inclusion, continuous professional development, and recognition. 30 respondents made up the target population of female engineers across all cadres. Data was gathered online using a self-administered questionnaire with the help of Google Forms. The questionnaire items were highly appropriate for data collection, as evidenced by the Cronbach's alpha value of 0.97. The relationship between the independent and dependent variables was investigated using inferential statistics. All of the independent variables (promotion, r=0.922, p<0.01), continuous professional development, r=.935, p<0.05, recognition, r=0.897, p<0.01, inclusion, and r=.939, p<0.05) showed a strong positive correlation with the dependent variable, career advancement of female engineers. The study's findings indicated that female engineers' career advancement was significantly impacted by inclusion. The findings also revealed that continuous professional development was essential to the advancement of female engineers in their careers. The study recommended inclusion of female engineers in technical matters, equal pay for equal work, continuous training, and mentorship to ensure career advancement and to keep more female engineers on board.

Impact of Women Empowerment on Fertility Preferences in Pakistan

Reproduction is an important aspect of a women's life, unfortunately in Pakistan fertility rates are quite high in comparison to other developing countries as well as in comparison to the other South Asian countries. Different studies have suggested that women empowerment can help reduce fertility rates. The present study has attempted to analyze the role of women empowerment along with other socioeconomic indicators on three different dimensions of the fertility behavior i.e. number of children born (current fertility status), ideal number of children and birth intervals (future fertility status. Data of Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012-13 has been used. The analysis consists of two levels, at level one a descriptive analysis is carried out. As three different aspects of fertility are the count data. Therefore at the next stage models will be estimated by using poison regression technique and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) are reported. It has been found that women’s being empowered in financial matters, seeking health care and in household decision making are helpful in reducing fertility. Furthermore, participation in job by women, living in urban areas, having secondary or higher education, access to awareness created by the media, married at higher age are also significant factors in reducing fertility. However, women facing incidence of miscarriage or death of a child tends to increase the fertility. Study had found that wealth of the household, education of husband and having sons have very limited role on the fertility behavior.

Woman Empowerment and Household Income in Kira Municipality, Uganda

The empowerment of women is crucial for the development of a nation .This study is about women empowerment and household income in Kira Municipality of Uganda. The objectives were to establish the strategies of women empowerment, the effect of women empowerment on household income and the challenges to women empowerment. We adopted a cross-sectional survey design, considering a sample size of 72 respondents who were randomly sampled. Findings revealed that strategies for women empowerment included women being encouraged to join group saving groups. It was revealed that women were not adequately trained as dispute settlers, linkers, motivators, facilitators, and negotiators to help implement women empowerment projects in as far as empowering them was concerned. Regarding the impact of women empowerment, findings revealed that skills have been enhanced through training received from women empowerment implementers and programs have reduced employment among these women through skills attained. However, key challenges to women empowerment emerged including but not limited to There is inadequate finance and inappropriate funding of activities, limited access to credit sources to expand our activities, poorly trained community projects facilitators and unnecessary hinder project activities and political interests which affect women group leadership such as interference from community political forces. It is recommended that more efforts should be put to economic empowerment as a process of increasing women’s access to economic resources and opportunities including jobs, financial services, property and other productive assets, skills development and market information. Lastly women should be encouraged to participate in enterprise activities to gain a greater economic role in decision-making. Exercising control over these financial matters enables women to optimize their own and the household’s welfare.

Women empowerment: New paradigm shift of Saudi women into labor workforce

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to emphasize on women empowerment that leads to a new paradigm shift of Saudi woman into labor force. This study also outlines how Saudi Government has formulated several policies and reforms to empower women in the workplace, especially gender equality. Also, this study will discourse a clear idea on numerous measures initiated by Saudi Government on how to empower Saudi women in the labor force and what would be the impact of women empowerment and gender equality on Saudi economy.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology has undertaken the Saudi feminization approach that emphasizes solely on uplifting women empowerment within the context of social changes that are arising in Saudi Arabia. The data analyzed comes from the primary data statistics report that depicts 10 years of data from general authority for statistics (GaStat) for the period ranging from 2010–2016 (Q2) and 2016 –2020 along with global gender gap index (GGGI) for the period of 2006, 2017 and 2020. Additionally, data was considered from the latest articles, Saudi news, statistics revealed by “Pew Research Center,” international labor organization (ILO, 2020), which depicts the involvement of Saudi women at international level.FindingsThe data were analyzed from GaStat for the period ranging from 2010–2016 (Q2) and 2016–2020 along with GGGI for the period of 2006, 2017 and 2020 that has shown drastic changes in inspiring Saudi women empowerment pertaining to the labor market, the educational field, economic participation and gender equality. The most interesting point was that the total Saudi employed persons, especially males are double of females’ ratio. It depicts that until Q3 and Q4, 2018 females were still facing unemployment phase and their economic participation was less in comparison with male Saudis. However, there found to have a new paradigm shift; rising of Saudi women in various sectors in the year 2019 where unemployment decreased to 5.7%, labor force participation at 58.8%.Social implicationsSaudi Arabia is stringing very hard to develop its economy over the next decade and beyond and have strong-minded to strengthen the contribution of women to development of society and economy. Currently, Saudi women have found ample job opportunities welcoming them in various sectors. Furthermore, they can work in numerous professions and fields that were formerly limited to men. According to Leyal Khalife (2019, July 1) and the statistics released by “Pew Research Center,” Saudi Arabia has experienced the highest growth rate – among G20 countries –of women joining the workforce in the past 20 years. The data revealed that women accounted for 23% of Saudi’s workforce in 2018 – a rise of 7% increase since 2018. Finally, today Saudi Arabia has shown the highest growth rate among G20 states, including Australia, Germany, Brazil and others.Originality/valueThe latest reforms emphasizes on minimizing the gender gap and inspire young girls to build a career path. This procedure specifies that Saudi female should formulate their tactics and approaches to encounter gender disparity and attain social fairness and equality not specific to education only but consider all the matters of life pertaining to context of male-dominating societies.

THE IMPACT OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT ON LEADERSHIP EFFECTIVENESS: THE CASE OF UNDP IN LEBANON

This research intends to study the influence of female empowerment on leadership effectiveness in the UNDP Lebanon. It was once believed that men were the only ones that could fill positions of power and leadership. Even nowadays, women still face great difficulties while obtaining the positions of power in their career and suffer from inequality at work. This study will be looking at the impact of women empowerment and its influence on fulfilling work outcomes and meeting organizational objectives as well as proving that gender equality is the basis of empowerment. The research utilizes mixed methods for conducting interviews and sending online anonymous questionnaires. The results of the interviews show that the UNDP strongly encourages female applicants to apply to power and leadership positions. Upon conducting the study, the distribution of jobs among men and women at the UNDP was shown to be equitable. 52% of the employees are female and 48% are male. Furthermore, the findings show that 50% of the employees that filled the questionnaire have female managers. The online questionnaire shows that the staff are satisfied with the empowerment initiatives at the UNDP and that both men and women are empowered equally.

Women Empowerment and Work-Life Balance of Women Engineers in the Malaysian Energy Sector: A Conceptual Framework

Malaysian energy sector is listed as one of the sectors that have lower participation of women. This is due to the problem of attracting and retaining the women workforce within the field. The major reason women leave the energy sector especially in the engineering field, is due to the difficulties in balancing work-life. Women hold dual and triple roles where they are stucked between responsibilities as mother, wife, and daughter as well as responsibilities in the workplace. This situation contributes a great impact on their work-life balance. Empowering women in the sector could help in giving them more control in managing their work and family. Hence, this paper aims to provide an overview on women empowerment and its impact on work-life balance. In addition, this paper proposes a conceptual framework to analyze the level of women empowerment (welfare, access, conscientization, participation and control) and its impact on work-life balance of women engineers in Malaysian energy sector for future study. This paper will contribute to the knowledge on an area that is still relatively uncovered. Which refers to the impact of women empowerment and work-life balance of women engineers in energy sector. It is important for organizations to be aware about the importance of women empowerment and their employees work-life balance. Thus, organizations can take an appropriate intervention in order to empower their women talent and assist them to have better work-life balance.

Impact of Women Empowerment on Infant Mortality Rate – Spatial Lag and Error Regression Model

Background: Despite significant progress in recent decade, the burden of infant mortality in India remains high. As women is the main caregiver to the infant, women empowerment may be the important determinant of infant mortality rate which has received little attention. Therefore, the current study was planned to study the impact of women empowerment on infant mortality and to find the best fit regression model to predict infant mortality rate in various states of India.
 Methods: The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015-16 data was used and infant mortality rate in various states and union territories of India was mapped. Regression analysis was performed with infant mortality rate as the dependent variable. The exploratory variables (Percentages) used for women empowerment were the literacy among women, women who opted for institutional delivery, women owning a house and/or land (alone or jointly with others), women having a bank or saving account and women having mobile phone that they themselves used. Ordinary Least Square Regression and spatial lag and error regression models were applied. Infant mortality rates predicted by using the best fit model were mapped.
 Results: Institutional delivery, owning a bank account and availability of personal mobile phone showed statistically significant inverse relation with infant mortality rate. Out of three regression models, spatial lag regression model was found to be the best fit model to predict infant mortality rate. The northern and eastern states were predicted to have highest infant mortality rate.
 Conclusion: As northern and eastern states were predicted to have highest infant mortality rate, further studies at individual level may be planned to find out the factors in these regions.

Determinants of Women Empowerment Responsible for Reducing Crime Against Women in India

Women come under the susceptible group of society and are being exploited at large. Discernment on economic, social, and political grounds plays an important role in crime against women. Social factors like patriarchal structure of society, feudal mind set, and subservient role of women have profound impact on their lives. Political factors such as under-representation of women in legislative and judiciary, and gender discrimination in other elected bodies clearly reveal skewed power toward male members of the society. Economic factors like economic dependence on men and noninheritance of assets surge income inequality based on sex. However, many laws are enacted but they are kept in pen and paper. This article makes an effort to link determinants of women empowerment and crime against them in India. The study aims to analyze statewise crime against women, extent of women empowerment, and impact of women empowerment in reducing crime against women. The study uses data collected from various reliable secondary sources. Multiple regression modeling analysis has been used for data analysis to get determinants of women empowerment helpful in reducing crime against them. The results indicate that all determinants of women empowerment selected in the study do not show significant results. Crime against women is likely to fall if we increase female literacy and female work force participation. It has been concluded that crime against women is a severe problem in India. Less empowerment among women makes them more vulnerable to crime. Therefore, determinants of women empowerment should be strengthened to reduce crime against them.

Women’s Empowerment and Child Malnutrition: The Case of Mozambique

AbstractUsing data from the 2011 Demographic and Health Survey in Mozambique this paper checks whether women empowerment has an impact on the nutritional status of children. We evaluate the degree of empowerment of women via multidimensional approaches, making a distinction between five domains: decision making, use of violence by husband/partner, attitude of the woman towards this use of violence, available information, material resources. Each domain includes several questions reflecting different aspects of empowerment. For each domain of empowerment, three different methods of aggregation are used: correspondence analysis, the so‐called Alkire and Foster methodology and the “fuzzy sets” approach. The impact of women empowerment on the nutritional status of children is analyzed via the MIMIC approach. No clear‐cut conclusion concerning the possible impact of women’s empowerment on the nutritional status of children could be drawn. But, ceteris paribus, the material wealth of the household, the educational level of the mother and her BMI are positively correlated with the nutritional status of children which is also higher when the child is female. Finally, there are important differences in the nutritional status of children between the various regions of Mozambique and this nutritional status is in most regions lower in rural areas.