Impact Of Trade Facilitation Research Articles

Impact of trade facilitation on intra-manufacturing export among ECOWAS member states

This study investigates the effects of trade facilitation policies on intra-manufacturing exports among ECOWAS member states. Utilizing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) linear model, this research analyzes data from 2015–2020 for the ECOWAS member states. The findings reveal that trade facilitation policies in the ECOWAS region fall below the global average. This discrepancy is primarily due to the extensive bureaucratic processes in the region, leading to increased costs for exporting and importing goods. Consequently, there is a significant need for trade facilitation to enhance intra-manufacturing exports within ECOWAS. Based on these insights, the study recommends several policy interventions to improve trade flow and bolster intra-manufacturing exports in the ECOWAS region. These include a stronger commitment to trade agreements among ECOWAS member states, the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) to streamline trade processes and reduce bureaucratic delays associated with document processing for exports and imports, the strengthening of institutional frameworks within the member states, and the formulation of policies aimed at increasing industrialization levels to enhance manufacturing exports throughout the ECOWAS region.

贸易便利化对我国跨境电商出口的影响

贸易便利化对我国跨境电商出口的影响

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on the Internationalization of Modern Logistics Enterprises in Yunnan Province

This study aims to explore the impact of trade facilitation on the internationalization of modern logistics enterprises in Yunnan Province. With the advancement of globalization, trade facilitation has become an essential means to promote international trade and logistics development, significantly influencing the internationalization process of logistics companies. The research employs a mixed-method approach, including literature review, empirical analysis, and case studies, to comprehensively investigate the effects of trade facilitation on modern logistics enterprises in Yunnan Province.

Research on the Impact of Trade Facilitation on China-ASEAN Bilateral Trade Volume

With the increasingly significant degree of economic globalization, trade liberalization has developed to a certain extent, some insignificant but far-reaching trade barriers have begun to attract the attention of countries and regions: too long transportation time, complicated declaration documents, layers of declaration procedures, the government supervision system is not perfect, etc. Over the past ten years since the establishment of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, the two sides have issued many policies to improve the economic and trade environment and enhance the level of facilitation. However, due to the differences in the infrastructure and business environment, the level of trade facilitation between China and ASEAN member states is not high enough. Based on this, the paper takes the China-ASEAN trade volume as the research object, establishes the trade facilitation evaluation index system, measures the level of trade facilitation in the ten ASEAN countries, studies the influence of it and its four primary indicators on the total trade volume based on the gravity model. The results show that the level of trade facilitation has an important impact on the bilateral trade between China and ASEAN. There is a significant positive correlation between the trade facilitation level of partner countries and trade volume. For every 1% increase in the trade facilitation level of ASEAN partners, its trade volume with China will increase by about 1.248%. Countries can improve the customs and institutional environment, improve the construction of high-efficiency ports and high-level e-commerce to improve the level of trade facilitation, and strengthen trade cooperation with China.

The impact of trade facilitation on African SMEs' performance.

Whilst contemporary literature indicates that the business environment (BE) impacts almost all entrepreneurial activities, there are indications that the unique business and institutional setting in Africa (with its challenges and opportunities) and the nature of SMEs (their strengths and weaknesses), among other factors, lead to the context-specific impact of regulations on the performance of African SMEs. Using regressions and propensity score matching methods on a panel of 39,461 firm observations (27 African countries) from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys, we unearthed evidence to suggest that whilst enabling tax administration and business licensing regulations improve SMEs' performance, trade facilitation impedes African SMEs' performance. Furthermore, the institutional context of competition (from foreign firms) worsens trade facilitation's negative impact on African SMEs' performance. These findings suggest a fine-tuning of BE regulations in African countries. Trade facilitation, for example, must be carefully thought through and implemented in a way to benefit SMEs.

The impact of trade facilitation on automotive export performance of Thailand

The impact of trade facilitation on automotive export performance of Thailand

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on China’s Cross-border E-Commerce Exports: A Focus on the Trade Facilitation Index in RCEP Member Countries

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on China’s Cross-border E-Commerce Exports: A Focus on the Trade Facilitation Index in RCEP Member Countries

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on China's Provincial Cross-border E-commerce Operational Performance under the "Dual Circulation" Development Pattern

Based on the provincial perspective, this paper constructs and calculates China's provincial Trade Facilitation Index and cross-border e-commerce operation performance index, and further investigates the impact of China's provincial trade facilitation on the improvement of cross-border e-commerce operation performance (quality) and its regional differences. The study found that the Trade Facilitation Index has a significant positive enabling effect on the performance improvement of cross-border e-commerce in China, but the impact of the Trade Facilitation Index on the performance improvement of cross-border e-commerce in different regions of China has significant regional differences. The higher level of Trade Facilitation Index in the eastern region makes the operation performance of cross-border e-commerce higher, followed by the central region, and the western region is the weakest, which is characterized by the regional distribution of "the stronger the stronger, the weaker the weaker". At the same time, the operation performance of cross-border e-commerce is closely related to the level of foreign direct investment, the degree of regional opening to the outside world, whether there are pilot cities for cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones, and the number of government policies to support the development of cross-border e-commerce. From the perspective of performance, a stronger level of foreign investment, a higher level of openness, a more intensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zone and more policy support for cross-border e-commerce development will achieve a higher level of cross-border e-commerce operation performance. Finally, the paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions on how to improve the level of trade facilitation and help improve the level of cross-border e-commerce operation in China from the four dimensions of the construction of the Trade Facilitation Index.

The impact of trade facilitation on automotive export performance of Thailand

The impact of trade facilitation on automotive export performance of Thailand

Logistics input intensity, trade facilitation and comparative advantage

This paper investigates the impact of trade facilitation on comparative advantage in logistics-intensive manufacturing industries. To capture the industry-level heterogeneity, we introduce logistics input intensity (LII) to measure the degree of logistics service used by different manufacturing sectors. The results show that country-level trade facilitation measured by Logistics Performance Index (LPI) can promote the comparative advantage more in manufacturing sectors with higher usage intensity of logistics, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, after dividing the logistics input intensity into two parts of foreign and domestic, we find that foreign logistics input can enhance manufacturing comparative advantage in countries with low LPI. It is suggested that policymakers in developing countries should formulate specific policies to guide logistics resources toward manufacturing sectors that are more dependent on logistics and open up the logistics services market to take full advantage of foreign logistics services.

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Cross-Border E-Commerce Transactions: Analysis Based on the Marine and Land Cross-Border Logistical Practices between China and Countries along the “Belt and Road”

In the post-epidemic era, cross-border e-commerce has become a new growth point for global foreign trade. Unlike traditional trade, which is dominated by marine transport, cross-border e-commerce transactions have high requirements for both marine and land transport, and the scale of their trade is accordingly limited by the level of trade facilitation i.e., the convenience of cross-border logistics in bilateral trading countries. Based on transaction cost theory, this article takes cross-border e-commerce transactions between China and countries along “The Belt and Road” as the core of the study. From the perspective of marine and land transport timeliness, the theoretical framework is constructed using the marine and land logistics infrastructure, customs clearance environment, government–governance environment, and cross-border logistics services as the main influencing paths; the GMM method is then applied in order to conduct a study on the impact of trade facilitation on the scale effect of cross-border e-commerce. The study finds that marine and land transport infrastructure has the strongest impact, with customs clearance environment and government–governance environment having the second strongest and comparable impact. The findings of the study further clarify the differences in the application of different cross-border logistics facilitation measures, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the timeliness of cross-border e-commerce transactions and reducing trade costs as well as a reference for the realization of land–sea integration and land–sea interconnection under “The Belt and Road” initiative.

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on the Networks of Value-Added Trade——Based on Social Network Analysis

ABSTRACT This study uses the social network analysis to construct the value-added trade networks of 42 countries from 2008 to 2014 and studies the impact of trade facilitation on the value-added trade networks from different perspectives. At the macro level, trade facilitation contributes to the increase of the density of value-added trade networks. At the micro level, trade facilitation of a country significantly promotes the country’s degree centrality, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality in the trade networks. At the meso level, the impact of trade facilitation on countries in different community is different, with the impact on European Community greater than on Asia Pacific Community. Our results highlight the important role of trade facilitation in promoting a country’s influence in the trade networks and sustaining the stability of the world trade.

Trade Facilitation Effects on International Trade: Evidence From Lower-Middle and Upper-Middle-Income Countries

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the impact of trade facilitation on international trade, as well as the effects of two dimensions: hard and soft infrastructure. Using 18 primary variables, we constructed four indicators of 30 lower-middle-income and 33 upper-middle-income countries over the period 2011-2017. After applying the system-generalised method of moments (GMM), the main finding is that all trade facilitation indicators have a significant effect on exports. However, improvements in physical infrastructure are more likely to increase exports than the efficiency of borders, transport, information and communication technologies (ICTs) and institutions, from the most significant to the least significant. It is also found that the effect of hard infrastructure on exports is virtually the same as that of soft infrastructure. Hard and soft infrastructure must therefore be considered at the same level, as the effectiveness of international trade depends on both.

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Cross-Border E-Commerce Exportsof China Based on the Gravity Model

This paper aims to analyze the development of trade facilitation and the existing problems in Chins cross-border e-commerce. Then, it analyses the influence mechanism of trade facilitation on cross-border e-commerce from the theoretical basis and evaluation system. Second, it establishes the trade facilitation system, including five primary indicators and thirty-one secondary indicators from the Global Competitiveness Report. Third, it establishes the gravity model to analyse the impact of TFI on Chinas cross-border e-commerce exports. Chinas cross-border e-commerce export is taken as the explained variable. The empirical result shows that trade facilitation has a significant positive impact on Chinas cross-border e-commerce exports. The customs environment of high-income and lower-middle-income countries has the most obvious impact on cross-border e-commerce exports. The infrastructure of upper-middle-income countries has the most significant impact on cross-border e-commerce exports. Finally, it makes policy recommendations on the aspects of TFI that countries should prioritize.

Trade Facilitation and GVC Participation：An Analysis Based on the World Input-Output Database

Under the background of economic anti-globalization and the escalation of Sino-US trade frictions, it is particularly important to continue to promote trade facilitation. From the hard environment” of trade facilitation, the construction of infrastructure such as transportation can reduce transaction costs, reduce the uncertainty of the trading cycle, make the order, stocking and shipping cycle more predictable, and greatly shorten the export side and the distance of the final demand of the host country. From the soft environment” of trade facilitation, the red tape” in the trade process has caused incalculable losses to the value of the product. The effect of trade facilitation has been confirmed by many scholars, but the research about the effect of trade facilitation on GVC participation is rare.From the perspective of research, this paper focuses on the GVC participation effect of trade facilitation from the perspective of national heterogeneity, industry heterogeneity and regional value chains, and finally draws a more policy-meaningful conclusion.This paper uses the entropy method and the KWW expansion method to measure the degree of trade facilitation and participation, and uses the OLS and the two-stage OLS to conduct empirical tests. The raw data for the core explanatory variables in this paper is derived from the World Input-Output Database（WIOD）. The main explanatory variables are from World Bank data and the WEF database.The main conclusions are as follows: firstly, trade facilitation enhances the depth of a country’s GVC participation; secondly, trade facilitation has a structural impact on GVC participation. Compared with the hard environment” of trade facilitation, the current improvement of the soft environment” of trade facilitation has a more prominent effect on GVC participation, especially in developing countries. From the perspective of industry heterogeneity, the impact of trade facilitation on GVC participation in sectors with higher asset specificity is more obvious. From the perspective of regional value chains, trade facilitation inhibits the regional fragmentation” of value chains and promotes the formation of GVCs.Therefore, we should take the enforcement of the Bali Agreement on Trade Facilitation as a chance to improve the border management, trying to establish a single window”, promote paperless, automated and intelligent customs clearance, and improve the response speed of the international production division chain. Meanwhile, we should improve the business environment by effectively reducing the cost of compliance in international trade, accelerating intermediary flows, and optimizing the allocation of resources. At last, we should speed up the negotiation of WTO cross-border electricity suppliers, formulate multilateral rules for cross-border electricity providers, and cultivate new trade formats in the GVC system, so as to deepen the division of work in GVCs.

Research the Impact of Trade Facilitation on Trade between Vietnam and ASEAN: Empirical Analysis Based on Commercial Gravity Model

The aim of this research is to calculate and measure the level of trade facilitation of ASEAN countries. The research selected 5 indicators of trade facilitation including infrastructure, customs environment, e-commerce, policies environment and financial environment to measure the degree of trade facilitation of ASEAN countries and use the Gravity model to empirically analyze the effect of trade facilitation ASEAN countries to trade between Vietnam - ASEAN. The study shows that trade facilitation profoundly affects Vietnam's export and import flow. Based on the analysis results, the paper has suggested some recommendations to boost Vietnam’s trade facilitation.
 Keywords
 Trade facilitation, trade, gravity model of trade, ASEAN
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The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Export Performance in Six ASEAN Countries Period 2005- 2016

Trade Facilitation (TF) is a form of simplifying the process of international trade activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate how TF impacts on export performance in six ASEAN countries. Port efficiency, burden customs procedure and fixed- broadband are used to construct indicators for measuring TF. This study used 72 samples with a saturated sampling method. Data collection techniques used are non-participants and analysis technique used is panel data regression. The show estimate that TF reform improves export performance in six ASEAN countries. It means an increasing efficiency of TF can improve export performance. Partially, port efficiency and fixed broadband have a significant positive effect on export performance. This means, port efficiency as measured by the quality of infrastructure and a large number of people used fixed broadband subscription can improve export performance. Then for the burden customs procedure variable shows a significant negative effect on export performance. This happened because of the emergence of complicated exporters' views on online export procedures, due to the lack of socialization by the government. The availability of a good TF is the initial capital to dominate the international market and lead to an increase in exports.

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Agricultural Products Standard Compliance in Relation to Cameroon’s Export Performance

This is a research on the impact of trade facilitation on agricultural products standard compliance in relation to Cameroon’s export performance. The background and literature review was based on concepts like the Trade facilitation, Standards, Residual levels and agreement like the Trade Facilitation Agreement. Secondary data was used for this study, precisely a time series data. The OLS technique was used in the data analysis and the null hypothesis was rejected implying that Standards compliance has a positive relationship with Cocoa Export. Even though some initiatives in relation to Trade Facilitation have been implemented to raise these export volumes, a significant effort by the government needs to be addressed. Looking at the advantages of Trade Facilitation in the long run, it is worth necessary to neglect the high cost of its initial implementation and strive towards compliance. There were recommendations made in the areas of Trade Facilitation promotion and Standards compliance.

Impact of Trade Facilitation on Parts and Components Trade

This article utilizes data from seventy-seven countries over the period 2004–07 in a gravity trade model to examine the impact of four dimensions of trade facilitation—physical infrastructure, information and communication technology, business environment, and border efficiency—on parts and components and final goods trade for the machinery and transport equipment sector. The results show that the effect of importers’ overall trade facilitation measures is stronger for promoting parts and components than for final goods trade. Among the four dimensions, border efficiency has the largest impact on trade flows for this sector, and the effect of exporter and particularly importers’ border efficiency is important for parts and components, as compared to final goods trade.

The impact of trade facilitation on poverty and inequality: Evidence from low- and middle-income countries

Although there are numerous empirical studies on the effect of trade facilitation on international trade and gross domestic product (GDP), there have been no studies on the effect of trade facilitation on poverty and inequality. This study examines the effect of trade facilitation on poverty and inequality in low- and middle-income countries using generalized method of moments-type instrumental variable regression. In this study, trade facilitation is measured by the number of documents and the number of days needed for exports and imports. It is found that trade facilitation helps the low- and middle-income countries decrease poverty and inequality, and increase per capita GDP.