Impact Of Surroundings Research Articles

Configuration characteristics of green-blue spaces for efficient cooling in urban environments

Optimizing green-blue space layouts is crucial in mitigating heat islands in built-up areas, and their cooling effects are influenced by both their own characteristics and the surrounding environments. However, the configuration characteristics of green-blue spaces with high cooling efficiency are still unclear. Additionally, the impact of surroundings on the generation and dispersion of cold sources has not been thoroughly studied. This study establishes a framework to identify the configuration characteristics of green-blue spaces with efficient cooling from four perspectives: occupation, dominance, regularity, and aggregation, and considering building environment, landscape composition, and adjacent influences to control surrounding influences. The Generalized Additive Model was employed to analyze the relationship between these factors and the mean temperature of corresponding units. The results demonstrate that efficient cooling landscape configurations vary among building densities. In low-density groups with an average building height of 3 floors and occupancy of 15 %, scattered small patches can enhance beneficial areas. Conversely, high-density groups with an average building height of 15 floors and occupancy of 32 % require more regular, large-scale patches. These findings offer tailored green-blue space layout strategies for Shanghai and similar large cities to achieve optimal cooling effects while considering limited land resources.

Investigating the impact of surroundings on a high-rise residential block’s performance

Urbanisation has increased rapidly in recent years, and more high-rise buildings are built to accommodate the increasing urban population. High-rise buildings affect solar conditions, which can have positive and negative effects on the surrounding areas. The present work evaluates how the location and surrounding environment of a building affect its energy performance by undertaking parametric modelling. In this research, a 12-storey residential building was investigated using a validated building energy simulation model. The cities selected for this research were Copenhagen, Beijing and Singapore, which represent three different climatic conditions. The following parameters were discussed: the quantity, position and height of the surrounding buildings. In total, over 180 scenarios were modelled. The results showed that surrounding buildings could positively and negatively influence the performance of the central building. For a single building, the annual solar gain difference between Denmark and China was 46.2 MWh, and the total energy load difference was 47 MWh. The results indicate that design is an important issue to consider for high-rise buildings, as it can influence energy use by up to 10.17% when the central building is surrounded by eight double-height buildings with a 15 m spacing. The approach presented in this work can be used to inform early-stage design choices.

The Impact of Surroundings on the Characters in Thomas Hardy’s Novels

The THE IMPACT OF SURROUNDINGS ON THE CHARACTERS INTHOMAS HARDY’S NOVELS” is to apply the writers’ knowledge on literature and toshow their interest in reading novels. The writers transfered not only their limitedknowledge in analysing novels as literary works but also building the awareness of theimportance of reading habit to their students of Unswagati because all of them take thesubject of Introduction to English Literature. Reading and analyzing novel is reallybeneficial for students that both can improve the students reading skill but also theirEnglish ability, moreover, they will have the ability in criticizing the novel fromdifferent views. In brief, it will also improve their critical thinking. Afterwards, bydescribing the characters and their attitudes toward each other and how thesurroundings influence them, we also learn about their culture. The theory that is usedin analysing those novels is from Harvey, Murphy, Klarer, and Lodge. The method thatis applied in analysing the characters and the surroundings is descriptive qualiative inwhich the writers take the data by reading the three novels, explain in details about thecharacters and the surroundings involved in the story and some other elementssupported the completeness of the story.

Increasing the Performance of Processing Machines by Executing Output Rate Dependent Motion Profiles

From the economic point of view, rising the output rate of processing machines is a key requirement. Thereby, particular demands are to be met, i.e., product quality, process stability, energy consumption, impact of surroundings, or safety at work. Rising the output rate is limited, if only one of these demands can not longer be met. In this paper, a novel control approach is presented that allows to change the executed motion profile due to the actual output rate. Increasing the machine’s performance is evaluated on experimental results. Unused potentials of servo drives are opened up to generate highly dynamic multi-axis motions in processing machines.