Impact Of Sleep Deprivation Research Articles

The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Video Head Impulse Test Results.

To investigate the association between sleep deprivation and vestibular dysfunction by Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). This prospective clinical trial explores the impact of acute sleep deprivation on the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) in medical residents. The study involved healthy physicians from diverse medical disciplines. Participants underwent vHIT assessments before and after a 26-h shift. The examinations focused solely on the right lateral semicircular canal. Participants further completed a demographics and fatigue questionnaire, including the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) questionnaire and a Visual Analog Fatigue Score (VAFS). The study involved 30 medical residents. Participants experienced a statistically significant decrease in VOR gain in the right horizontal semicircular canal during a 26-h shift (p < 0.01). While the FSS and VAFS questionnaires showed no significant difference before and after the shift, the analysis of ∆VOR gain indicated a statistically significant increase associated with decreased sleep time during the shift (p = 0.018, 95% Confidence Interval [0.08, 0.68]). The most substantial increase in ∆VOR occurred between 22-26 h of sleep deprivation. No significant differences were observed in ∆VOR between genders, ages, disciplines, department shifts versus emergency room shifts, or years of residency. vHIT can be used as an objective, reliable screening tool for severe sleep deprivation among physicians. The decrease in the VOR gain may indicate that vestibular function is influenced by sleep deprivation. The clinical significance of these findings is still questioned, more studies may help to assess this effect. 3 Laryngoscope, 2024.

Impact of sleep deprivation on aperiodic activity: a resting-state EEG study.

Sleep deprivation (SD) has been shown to have a negative impact on alertness, as evidenced by behavioral and electroencephalographic studies. Nevertheless, conventional fixed-bandwidth spectral analysis confused the aperiodic and periodic components, and ignored some important periodic parameters (i.e., center frequency, bandwidth). Here, based on a large open access dataset of SD, we employed a standardized process for multiple electrode analysis and group inference. We found that, compared to SC, the aperiodic offset shifted overall after SD, primarily in the occipital region. And this shift was associated with a reduction in subjective alertness. For periodic component, we did not found any power change in alpha rhythm, but there is an increase in bandwidth of alpha. And the increased regions distributed in the occipital and temporal lobes. These findings highlight the potential significance and value of aperiodic parameters in behavioral and electrophysiological researches.

Enhanced diversity on connector hubs following sleep deprivation: Evidence from diffusion and functional magnetic resonance imaging

Sleep deprivation has been demonstrated to exert widespread and intricate impacts on the brain network. The human brain network is a modular network composed of interconnected nodes. This network consists of provincial hubs and connector hubs, with provincial hubs having diverse connectivities within their own modules, while connector hubs distribute their connectivities across different modules. The latter is crucial for integrating information from various modules and ensuring the normal functioning of the modular brain. However, there has been a lack of systematic investigation into the impact of sleep deprivation on brain connector hubs. In this study, we utilized functional connectivity from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, as well as structural connectivity from diffusion-weighted imaging, to systematically explore the variation of connector hub properties in the cerebral cortex after one night of sleep deprivation. The normalized participation coefficients (PCnorm) were utilized to identify connector hubs. In both the functional and structural networks, connector hubs exhibited a significant increase in average PCnorm, indicating the diversity enhancement of the connector hub following sleep deprivation. This enhancement is associated with increased network cost, reduced modularity, and decreased small-worldness, but enhanced global efficiency. This may potentially signify a compensatory mechanism within the brain following sleep deprivation. The significantly affected connector hubs were primarily observed in both the Control Network and Salience Network. We believe that the observed results reflect the increasing demand on the brain to invest more effort at preventing performance deterioration after sleep loss, in exchange for increased communication efficiency, especially involving systems responsible for neural resource allocation and cognitive control. These results have been replicated in an independent dataset. In conclusion, this study has enhanced our understanding of the compensatory mechanism in the brain response to sleep deprivation. This compensation is characterized by an enhancement in the connector hubs responsible for inter-modular communication, especially those related to neural resource and cognitive control. As a result, this compensation comes with a higher network cost but leads to an improvement in global communication efficiency, akin to a more random-like network manner.

Impact of sleep deprivation on surgical performance on a robotic surgery simulator.

Impact of sleep deprivation on surgical performance on a robotic surgery simulator.

Prolonged Sleep Deprivation Induces a Reprogramming of Circadian Rhythmicity with the Hepatic Metabolic Transcriptomic Profile.

Sleep disturbances can disrupt the overall circadian rhythm. However, the impact of sleep deprivation on the circadian rhythm of the liver and its underlying mechanisms still requires further exploration. In this study, we subjected male mice to 5 days of sleep deprivation and performed liver transcriptome sequencing analysis at various time points within a 24-h period. Subsequently, we monitored the autonomic activity and food intake in these male mice for six days post-sleep deprivation. We observed alterations in sleep-wake and feeding rhythms in the first two days following sleep deprivation. Additionally, we also observed a decrease in 24-h serum-glucose levels. Liver transcriptome sequencing has shown that sleep deprivation induces the rhythmic transcription of a large number of genes, or alters the rhythmic properties of genes, which were then significantly enriched in the carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism pathways. Our findings suggest that under conditions of prolonged sleep deprivation, the expression of metabolic-related genes in the liver was reset, leading to changes in the organism's metabolic state to ensure energy supply to sustain prolonged wakefulness.

Enhancing construction safety: predicting worker sleep deprivation using machine learning algorithms

Sleep deprivation is a critical issue that affects workers in numerous industries, including construction. It adversely affects workers and can lead to significant concerns regarding their health, safety, and overall job performance. Several studies have investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on safety and productivity. Although the impact of sleep deprivation on safety and productivity through cognitive impairment has been investigated, research on the association of sleep deprivation and contributing factors that lead to workplace hazards and injuries remains limited. To fill this gap in the literature, this study utilized machine learning algorithms to predict hazardous situations. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the applicability of machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine and random forest, by predicting sleep deprivation in construction workers based on responses from 240 construction workers, identifying seven primary indices as predictive factors. The findings indicate that the support vector machine algorithm produced superior sleep deprivation prediction outcomes during the validation process. The study findings offer significant benefits to stakeholders in the construction industry, particularly project and safety managers. By enabling the implementation of targeted interventions, these insights can help reduce accidents and improve workplace safety through the timely and accurate prediction of sleep deprivation.

Impact of sleep deprivation on stress levels and cognitive performance in young and middle-aged adults at a Medical University in Ajman, UAE.

Inadequate sleep is a widespread public health concern, impacting physical and mental health, as well as cognitive well-being. This study explores the link between sleep quality, the inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cognitive function in two age groups (18-25 years and 35 years and above) at Gulf Medical University. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh questionnaire, and salivary IL-6 levels were measured. Cognitive function was evaluated using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Psychomotor Vigilance Test (NASA-PVT), focusing on mean reaction time (RT), lapses, fastest 10% RT, and slowest 10% RT. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The descriptive statistics used were frequency, percentage mean, and standard deviation (SD). The inferential statistics used was the unpaired t-test. The level of significance was taken as P ≤ 0.05. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 28 was used to analyze the data. Approximately 75% of young adults and 80% of middle-aged adults reported good sleep quality. Sleep disturbances were reported by 65% of young adults and 95% of middle-aged adults. In both age groups, individuals with poor sleep exhibited higher IL-6 levels, but all IL-6 values remained within the reference range. NASA-PVT results indicated that individuals with poor sleep had higher mean RT and lapses compared to those with good sleep. In the older age group, both mean RT and lapses were higher than in the younger group, suggesting potential age-related effects on psychomotor vigilance. Our findings suggest a connection between poor sleep quality, elevated IL-6 levels, and impaired cognitive performance.

The Impact of Sleep Deprivation in the Treatment of Depression: A Literature Review

IntroductionDepression is a pervasive and debilitating mental health disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, a significant proportion of patients continue to experience inadequate symptom relief and persistent emotional suffering. Sleep disturbance is a common symptom of depression, and emerging evidence suggests that manipulating sleep patterns through sleep deprivation may hold potential therapeutic benefits. This literature review aims to explore the role of sleep deprivation as an adjunctive treatment for depression, shedding light on its mechanisms and potential outcomes.ObjectivesTo investigate the historical context and theoretical underpinnings of sleep deprivation in depression treatment; to examine the methods and protocols used in studies involving sleep deprivation as a therapeutic intervention for depression; to analyze the empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of sleep deprivation in ameliorating depressive symptoms; to assess the safety and feasibility of implementing sleep deprivation in clinical practice; to discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted.ResultsThe review identified a diverse body of literature exploring the potential benefits of sleep deprivation in depression treatment. Preliminary findings suggest that acute sleep deprivation may lead to rapid and transient improvements in mood among individuals with depression. Various protocols, including total and partial sleep deprivation, have been investigated, demonstrating differential effects on depressive symptoms. Additionally, potential mechanisms underlying these effects, such as alterations in neurochemical pathways and circadian rhythms, have been proposed.ConclusionsSleep deprivation as an adjunctive treatment for depression is a promising but complex intervention that requires further investigation. While some studies have reported significant improvements in mood following sleep deprivation, the sustainability of these effects and the potential long-term consequences remain uncertain. Moreover, the optimal protocols, safety guidelines, and patient selection criteria need to be established for clinical application. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms involved and conducting well-designed randomized controlled trials to determine the efficacy and safety of sleep deprivation in the context of depression treatment. This review underscores the importance of considering sleep as a modifiable factor in the comprehensive management of depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Impact of sleep deprivation on memory and learning

Sleep is understood as a natural process of reduction of the body's response to external stimuli, associated with the loss of consciousness, which is useful for several functions. However, there is currently an increase in the number of individuals who do not achieve a good sleep routine, which can be attributed to an increase in exposure to factors that hinder the achievement of adequate time and quality of sleep, leading to various impacts that affect cognitive health and the processes of knowledge acquisition and consolidation. Thus, it aims to clarify the mechanisms associated with sleep deprivation and its repercussions on memory and learning. It is a literature review based on the analysis of scientific articles published from 2012 to 2022, in PubMed and Science Direct, in which the key words "sleep deprivation" AND "memory" AND "learning" were used. It was verified that sleep deprivation can impair several cognitive and affective functions, such as reduced attention, psychomotor vigilance and increased variability in behavioral responses. In relation to memory processing, the decrease of the quantity and the quality sleep time can affect the ability to retain new information and make individuals more prone to develop false memories. Therefore, realizing the fundamental role of sleep in several functions of the human body, highlighting the consolidation of memory and learning, understand the various unfavorable impacts that a reduction in the number and quality of hours of sleep can have.

The impact of sleep deprivation on sustained attention, mind wandering and sleep-like activity in wakefulness

The impact of sleep deprivation on sustained attention, mind wandering and sleep-like activity in wakefulness

Impact of Sleep Deprivation on the Brain’s Inflammatory Response Triggered by Lipopolysaccharide and Its Consequences on Spatial Learning and Memory and Long-Term Potentiation in Male Rats

Introduction: Both sleep deprivation (SD) and inflammation can negatively affect cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate how SD impacts the brain’s inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its subsequent effects on cognitive functions. Methods: To this end, male rats were tested through a Morris water maze (MWM) to assess their spatial learning and memory. Also, in vivo field potential recordings (to evaluate synaptic plasticity) were done in the Saline, SD, LPS1 (1 mg/kg/7 days), and LPS1+SD groups. Cytokine levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Based on the results, the LPS1+SD group showed increased total distance and escape latency compared to the other groups in the MWM test. Besides, the LPS1+SD group exhibited a significant decrease in long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and maintenance in the CA1 area of the brain. Finally, the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were significantly higher in the LPS1+SD group than in the Saline group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the combined effects of SD and brain inflammatory response can have more harmful effects on cognitive function, LTP, and inflammatory factors than either SD or LPS1 alone.

Short Overview of Oxidative Stress in Mental Disorders

Abstract This short overview explores the relationship between oxidative stress and mental disorders, focusing on the association with psychiatric pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, autism, depression, and the impact of sleep deprivation. The mechanisms of mitochondrial disfunction and oxidative stress in these pathologies are described, including the physiological function of limited free radicals in signal transduction, gene transcription, neuronal plasticity and memory. Key free radicals, including hydroxyl and superoxide are highlighted, along with compounds generating free radicals. Moreover, the potential therapeutic implications of dietary supplements (zinc, selenium, magnesium, vitamin C, E, CoQ10) and lifestyle interventions with antioxidant properties are presented, laying the groundwork for future research in the field of mental health.

Screening for sleep deprivation and mood states among staff nurses of tertiary care hospital in central India

Background: A Nurse’s fatigue raises significant concerns for individual and patient safety. The impact of sleep deprivation on the quality of patient care is an important consideration in today’s health-care environment. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to find the proportion of sleep deprivation among nurses in a tertiary care hospital and to find the association between sleep deprivation and mood states among staff nurses. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional design done in a duration of 2 months from September to October 2022. The study group consisted of nurses working in a tertiary care hospital located in Jabalpur district. A sample size of 70 nurses was calculated through the statistical formula. The questionnaire has three sections: Demographics (nine questions), Epworth sleep scale (eight questions), and Profile of mood states (65 questions). The collected data were tabulated and analyzed using MS Office Excel and SPSS version 21. Results: Interviews were conducted with 70 nurses and 8.6% of them were found to be excessively sleepy and should seek medical attention. Significant results have been obtained for the association with tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion with sleep deprivation. Conclusion: The findings suggest that sleep deprivation exists in a considerable state. Some workplace interventions need to be done to make the efforts of nurses worthwhile and to increase their vigor and positive mood.

Decrease in the P2 Amplitude of Object Working Memory after 8 h-Recovery Sleep Following 36 h-Total Sleep Deprivation: An ERP Study.

The impact of sleep deprivation on working memory can only be reversed by recovery sleep (RS). However, there are limited electrophysiological studies on the effect of RS on the improvement in working memory after sleep deprivation, and the changes in the early components of event-related potentials (ERPs) before and after RS are still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effects of RS on the earlier ERP components related to object working memory following 36 h of total sleep deprivation (TSD). Twenty healthy male participants performed an object working memory task after 36 h of TSD and after 8 h of RS. Electroencephalogram data were recorded accordingly while the task was performed. Repeated ANOVA showed that P2 amplitudes related to object working memory decreased significantly after 8 h of RS compared to after a 36 h period of TSD, but there was no significant difference from baseline (BS), which indicates a trend of recovery to the baseline state. An 8 h RS can partially improve impaired object working memory caused by TSD. However, a longer period of RS is needed for the complete recovery of cognitive function after a long period of TSD.

The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Brain Networks in Response to Social Evaluation Tasks.

Sleep loss may lead to negative bias during social interaction. In the current study, we conducted a revised social evaluation task experiment to investigate how sleep deprivation influences the self-referential and cognitive processes of social feedback. The experiment consisted of a first impression task and a social feedback task. Seventy-eight participants completed the first impression task and were divided into normal and poor sleep groups. The results of an independent samples t-test showed that participants who slept worse were less likely to socialize with others but did not evaluate others as less attractive. Afterward, 22 of the participants from the first impression task were recruited to complete the social feedback task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on the mornings following two different sleep conditions at night: one night of normal sleep and one night of sleep deprivation. The results of this within-subject design study showed that participants who experienced the latter condition showed increased activation within the default mode network (i.e. superior parietal lobule, precuneus, inferior parietal lobule, inferior temporal gyrus, and medial frontal gyrus) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and stronger negative insula functional connectivity (FC) with the precuneus to negative feedback than positive feedback. The altered activation and behavioral pattern may indicate a negative bias for social cues. However, stronger negative coupling may indicate stronger cognitive control, which may protect against potential damage to self-concept. Our study suggested that sleep impairs most social functions, but may protect against impairment of important ones, such as self-concept.

The impact of shift work on pain recognition, a robust ability among intensive care nurses.

Pain empathy is essential for high-quality of care. The cognitive ability to identify and understand the pain in others remains underexplored in the context of hospital shift work. This study aimed to observe the early subliminal ability to detect pain in other faces and to investigate pain intensity evaluations during day and night shifts. Twenty-one nurses (31 ± 7 years, 20 women) from cardio-paediatric intensive care participated in this study. Eighteen nurses completed all testing in the morning and evening hours, before and after the 12-hour day and night shift. In the first test, the nurses had to decide if facial stimuli presented subliminally showed pain or not. During the second test, they consciously determined the intensity of the painful faces on a numerical scale. Sleep, sleepiness and empathy were also measured. Recognition accuracy and pain sensitivity remained stable over time, only sensitivity increased following the work shift (F(1,15) = 7.10, p = 0.018). Intensity ratings remained stable. Sleepiness at the end of the night shift was negatively correlated with accuracy (ρ = -0.51, p = 0.018) and positively correlated with prior night shifts (ρ = -0.50, p = 0.022). The judgement of facial pain expressions seems robust across shift types, only individual factors such as sleepiness interfere with pain recognition. Pain sensitivity may be enhanced during working hours. Some professions need to know how to assess pain 24/7 and a lack of sleep can disrupt the cognitive processes necessary for this assessment. Night shifts provoke a bias in pain management, and sleep deprivation, a decrease in pain evaluation. By conducting a repeated measure study in the field that applied a different paradigm (subliminal recognition of facial cues) we add evidence to the understanding of pain recognition and the impact of sleep deprivation on the early processing of pain in others.

Sleep and memory: The impact of sleep deprivation on transcription, translational control, and protein synthesis in the brain.

In countries around the world, sleep deprivation represents a widespread problem affecting school-age children, teenagers, and adults. Acute sleep deprivation and more chronic sleep restriction adversely affect individual health, impairing memory and cognitive performance as well as increasing the risk and progression of numerous diseases. In mammals, the hippocampus and hippocampus-dependent memory are vulnerable to the effects of acute sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation induces changes in molecular signaling, gene expression and may cause changes in dendritic structure in neurons. Genome wide studies have shown that acute sleep deprivation alters gene transcription, although the pool of genes affected varies between brain regions. More recently, advances in research have drawn attention to differences in gene regulation between the level of the transcriptome compared with the pool of mRNA associated with ribosomes for protein translation following sleep deprivation. Thus, in addition to transcriptional changes, sleep deprivation also affects downstream processes to alter protein translation. In this review, we focus on the multiple levels through which acute sleep deprivation impacts gene regulation, highlighting potential post-transcriptional and translational processes that may be affected by sleep deprivation. Understanding the multiple levels of gene regulation impacted by sleep deprivation is essential for future development of therapeutics that may mitigate the effects of sleep loss.

Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Academic Performance of Nursing Students at CMH, Lahore

Objective: The objective was to establish a quantifiable link between sleep depression and GPA of nursing students. Study Design: This is a cross sectional, observational analytical study. Place and duration: It was conducted in CMH Lahore Institute of Nursing for a duration of 4 months. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at CMH Medical College, Lahore. A total of 41 willing students were included. After informed verbal consent, a predesigned questionnaire, adopted from similar studies, was used to obtain information regarding individual sleep hours, duty hours, perceptions regarding their sleep patterns and their GPA (academic performance). All the data was collected using Google Forms. The data was analysed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 41 participants were included in the study. The mean age of these participants was 19.76±0.97 years. Mean GPA was 3.44±0.21. Majority of the students believed that 12-hour shifts negatively impact their attention span in class (87.8 percent) and consequently their study routines (95.1 percent). A cumulative 82.9 percent of the participants felt that they needed more sleep for better patient safety and academic performance. Conclusion: The mean GPAs, sleep lengths, and wake/sleep times did not vary much within the sample population. However, apparent sleep quality and perceived tiredness varied significantly, with the respondents reporting a grave concern about patient welfare and future academic performance. Keywords: Sleep, sleep deprivation, GPA, performance.

The Impact of sleep deprivation on cortical excitability and tDCS-induced LTP and LTD-like neuroplasticity

The Impact of sleep deprivation on cortical excitability and tDCS-induced LTP and LTD-like neuroplasticity

Paradoxical effects from stimulus density manipulation provide new insight into the impact of sleep deprivation on PVT performance.

The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), a 10-min one-choice reaction time task with random response-stimulus intervals (RSIs) between 2 and 10 s, is highly sensitive to behavioral alertness deficits due to sleep loss. To investigate what drives the performance deficits, we conducted an in-laboratory total sleep deprivation (TSD) study and compared performance on the PVT to performance on a 10-min high-density PVT (HD-PVT) with increased stimulus density and truncated RSI range between 2 and 5 s. We hypothesized that the HD-PVT would show greater impairments from TSD than the standard PVT. n = 86 healthy adults were randomized (2:1 ratio) to 38 h of TSD (n = 56) or corresponding well-rested control (n = 30). The HD-PVT was administered when subjects had been awake for 34 h (TSD group) or 10 h (control group). Performance on the HD-PVT was compared to performance on the standard PVTs administered 1 h earlier and 1 h later. The HD-PVT yielded approximately 60% more trials than the standard PVT. The HD-PVT had faster mean response times (RTs) and equivalent lapses (RTs > 500 ms) compared to the standard PVT, with no differences between the TSD effects on mean RT and lapses between tasks. Further, the HD-PVT had a dampened time-on-task effect in both the TSD and control conditions. Contrary to expectation, the HD-PVT did not show greater performance impairment during TSD, indicating that stimulus density and RSI range are not primary drivers of the PVT's responsiveness to sleep loss.