Impact Of Psychological Traits Research Articles

Origins and Impact of Psychological Traits in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit compromised psychiatric health. Independent of obesity, women with PCOS are more susceptible to have anxiety and depression diagnoses and other neuropsychiatric disorders. During pregnancy women with PCOS display high circulating androgen levels that may cause prenatal androgen exposure affecting the growing fetus and increasing the risk of mood disorders in offspring. Increasing evidence supports a non-genetic, maternal contribution to the development of PCOS and anxiety disorders in the next generation. Prenatal androgenized rodent models reflecting the anxiety-like phenotype of PCOS in the offspring, found evidence for the altered placenta and androgen receptor function in the amygdala, together with changes in the expression of genes associated with emotional regulation and steroid receptors in the amygdala and hippocampus. These findings defined a previously unknown mechanism that may be critical in understanding how maternal androgen excess can increase the risk of developing anxiety disorders in daughters and partly in sons of PCOS mothers. Maternal obesity is another common feature of PCOS causing an unfavorable intrauterine environment which may contribute to psychiatric problems in the offspring. Whether environmental factors such as prenatal androgen exposure and obesity increase the offspring’s susceptibility to develop psychiatric ill-health will be discussed.

Impact of Psychological Traits on Rationality of Individual Investors

Over the years it has been noted that investors suffer from number of biases that affect their rationality while they take investment decisions and as such it is must for stakeholders to have an idea of these biases. Thus the objective of this paper is to explore the factors which affect the investors’ rational behavior in the stock market decisions. The authors have designed well-structured questionnaire to empirically investigate the presence of psychological traits in the individual investors’ financial decisions. Deduction approach of research has been used in present study because the main objective of the study is to identify the psychological traits that influence the decision making of individual investors, which are already out there, without inferring and building theory. Based on the data collected from 303 respondents and by applying Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), the study could identify the five main psychological traits including the newly identified bias i.e. “faith” that have substantial influence on the rationality of investors. Further, the results of regression analysis reveal that faith, heuristics, confirmation, pessimism, over-confidence and optimism and herd behavior are statistically significant psychological traits and all these variables collectively explain the 35 per cent variation in rational behaviour of investors. Finally, this study asserts that there is an urgent need to have the unified theory of behavioural finance and standard finance, the emphasis of which should be in identifying portfolio anomalies that can be explained by various psychological traits in individual investors for bringing greater efficiency in our stock markets.

The Impact of Psychological Traits on Performance in Sequential Tournaments: A Field Experiment

In order to analyze if heterogeneity in psychological traits affects individual performance in sequential tournaments, we conducted a tennis field experiment. In the experiment, we also varied the payment schemes (individual, team, competition) to control for moderating effects of different incentives. Team incentives, risk taking, and self-esteem reduced performance whereas a preference towards competition enhanced it. On average, we observe a second mover advantage. However, individuals’ psychological traits, such as self-esteem or self-efficacy, can turn a second mover into a first mover advantage. Our results shed new light on the discussion of first vs. second mover advantages and performance under pressure. Study findings have implications for psychological requirements of competitive and team tasks in business settings.

Impact of psychological traits on user performance in information systems delivering customer service: IS management perspective

Information systems-assisted customer service delivery has emerged as a strategic imperative that is increasingly tied to information systems resources, organizational capabilities, and work environment in organizational information systems management. Despite the potential of information systems, extensive diversity exists in the task performance within organizations which provokes the factors of psychological traits that affect performance. Drawing upon information systems success literature–contextual theories of organizational creativity, and behavioral and human psychology in an organizational environment–this paper develops a model to assess user performance in an organizational IS in providing customer services. Here, hypotheses have been developed in regard to the interaction of system satisfaction and organizational work environments with the user's psychological traits and how these interactions influence their performance. The model has been tested using survey data collected from a total of 314 respondents, regarding the users of a call center information system employed in a large organization. Results from the partial least squares analyses support the proposed model and highlight the important role of psychological traits in mediating the effect of systems, and organizational environment on performance. The findings also shed new light on the technological and organizational factors associated with the user performance. The implications of the findings for research and practice are discussed.

Psychological Factors in the Etiology, Progression, and Treatment of MPD Syndrome

The evidence is abundant and clear: psychological factors do have an important role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of MPD syndrome. These findings have implications for therapists who wish to understand the disorder and to manage patients appropriately. In regard to etiology, they should appreciate the impact of psychological traits and states on the development of symptoms of MPD syndrome, but they should not waste time and energy in measuring or analyzing specific psychological factors in individual patients. In regard to perpetuation of the disorder, they should understand that some patients will not respond to conventional treatment despite the best efforts of any competent therapist. Finally, in regard to treatment, they should recognize the importance of nonspecific factors such as placebo effects, doctor-patient interactions, and spontaneous recoveries in the treatment response. This awareness will enhance their effectiveness as therapists and will help them to avoid using excessive or radical treatment methods.