Impact Of Mental Health Conditions Research Articles

Links between mental health problems and future thinking from the perspective of adolescents with experience of depression and anxiety: a qualitative study

BackgroundDepression and anxiety are common during adolescence and could have detrimental impacts on young people’s ability to make and implement plans for their future. However, to the best of our knowledge, no other study has adopted a qualitative approach in investigating these effects from the perspective of adolescents with lived experiences of depression and anxiety. We sought to understand how young people perceive and interpret the impact of mental health conditions on their thinking about the future.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 adolescents aged 16–19 years in the UK (median age = 19, IQR = 1.5), who had a history of protracted periods of clinical or subclinical depression and/or anxiety. They were asked to reflect on how their ability to think about the future and the content of the future-related thinking was impacted during periods of poor mental health, compared with periods of feeling well. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic content analysis.ResultsFive domains were identified. First, the impact of mood on future thinking capability focuses on reduced ability and motivation to engage in future thinking. Second, the impact of mood on images, thoughts, and feelings about the future includes the emotional valence of future-related thoughts, their vividness, structure, and the extent to which they intimated subjective feelings of control (i.e., agency). Third, social influences focuses on social factors that might ameliorate or exacerbate future thinking. Fourth, reflections on personal worries and expectations about the future captures personal interpretations of past worries and hopes and how future thinking affected mood. Finally, personal coping refers to how young people cope with the negative emotions that come with future thinking.ConclusionsThis study provided a nuanced and granular account of how depression and anxiety impacted young people’s future thinking based on their lived experiences. By highlighting the different ways that variations in future thinking were experienced as a function of depression and anxiety, our analysis highlighted new factors that should be considered in studies of adolescent mental health risk, which could inform the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Association Between Mental Health Conditions at the Hospitalization for Birth and Postpartum Hospital Readmission.

Background: The relationship between physical comorbidities and postpartum hospital readmission is well studied, with less research regarding the impact of mental health conditions on postpartum readmission. Methods: Using hospital discharge data (2016-2019) from the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Readmissions Database (n = 12,222,654 weighted), we evaluated the impact of mental health conditions (0, 1, 2, and ≥3), as well as five individual conditions (anxiety, depressive, bipolar, schizophrenic, and traumatic/stress-related conditions) on readmission within 42 days, 1-7 days ("early"), and 8-42 days ("late") of hospitalization for birth. Results: In adjusted analyses, the rate of 42-day readmission was 2.2 times higher for individuals with ≥3 mental health conditions compared to those with none (3.38% vs. 1.56%; p < 0.001), 50% higher among individuals with 2 mental health conditions (2.33%; p < 0.001), and 40% higher among individuals with 1 mental health condition (2.17%; p < 0.001). We found increased adjusted risk of 42-day readmission for individuals with anxiety (1.98% vs. 1.59%; p < 0.001), bipolar (2.38% vs. 1.60%; p < 0.001), depressive (1.93% vs. 1.60%; p < 0.001), schizophrenic (4.00% vs. 1.61%; p < 0.001), and traumatic/stress-related conditions (2.21% vs. 1.61%; p < 0.001), relative to individuals without the respective condition. Mental health conditions had larger impacts on late (8-42 day) relative to early (1-7 day) readmission. Conclusions: This study found strong relationships between mental health conditions during the hospitalization for birth and readmission within 42 days. Efforts to reduce the high rates of adverse perinatal outcomes in the United States should continue to address the impact of mental health conditions during pregnancy and throughout the postpartum period.

Does Mental Health impact the outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review

Studies have demonstrated that depression, anxiety, negative mood, and pain catastrophizing influence outcomes following total hip, knee, and shoulder arthroplasty thus providing evidence-based counseling on expected postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this review is to establish the prevalence of mental health conditions, impact of mental health conditions on patient-reported outcome measures, and the impact on length of stay and discharge disposition in patients undergoing total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). An online search utilizing the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL databases was performed to identify relevant articles published between 2010 and 2022. Seven studies were included in the systematic review. Depression was the most common mental health comorbidity with a pooled prevalence of 12.9%. Mental health comorbidities were associated with inferior patient reported outcomes measures. Additionally, depression was a pre-operative predictive factor in poor outcomes when utilizing the PROMIS score. The presence of a mental health comorbidity demonstrated an increased risk of nonhome discharge, length of stay, complication rate, infection, and narcotic use. Psychiatric comorbidities, particularly depression, were predictors of negative postoperative outcomes. This review reinforces the significant impact of mental health disorders and psychiatric comorbidities on clinical outcomes following TAA. Level of Evidence: Level III

Investigating associations between methamphetamine use, mental health and risky sexual behaviours amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities have expressed significant concern about methamphetamine use and its associated harms. Additionally, there has been an increase in sexually transmitted infection (STI) notifications among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in recent years. This cross-sectional study explored associations between high STI risk sexual behaviour (HSRSB), methamphetamine and mental health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who use methamphetamine. Multivariate logistic regression and population attributable risk that accounts for the correlation structures were used. Participants were 224 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men (52%) and 209 women (48%). Those who used methamphetamine weekly or more were more than twice as likely to engage in HSRSB, compared to those who used methamphetamine less frequently (i.e. > weekly) (aOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.13, 3.90, and 2.73, 95% CI: 1.52, 4.93 for males and females respectively). Among other drugs, using ecstasy was also significantly associated with HSRSB in both genders (aOR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.17, 13.42 and aOR: 5.32, 95% CI: 2.05, 13.82 for males and females). The combined impact of mental health conditions was substantially higher among females than males (PAR%: 46% and 27%, respectively). The findings may inform the targeting of health promotion programs for STI prevention towards those at higher risk due to methamphetamine use and mental health issues.

Exploring the impact of mental health conditions on vaccine uptake in high-income countries: a systematic review

BackgroundVaccination is an essential public health intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. Despite being at higher at risk of infectious diseases, health inequalities towards vaccine uptake in people with mental health issues have not been systematically appraised.MethodsWe searched 7 databases from 1994 to 26/03/2021. We included all studies with a relative measure of effect comparing a group with a mental health issue to a control group. All studies covering any mental health issue were eligible with no constraints to study population, vaccine type or region, provided in a high-income country for comparability of health care systems. The study outcomes were synthesised by study population, mental health issue and type of vaccine.ResultsFrom 4,069 titles, 23 eligible studies from 12 different countries were identified, focusing on adults (n = 13) or children (n = 4) with mental health issues, siblings of children with mental health issues (n = 2), and mothers with mental health issue and vaccine uptake in their children (n = 6). Most studies focused on depression (n = 12), autism, anxiety, or alcoholism (n = 4 respectively). Many studies were at high risk of selection bias.DiscussionMental health issues were associated with considerably lower vaccine uptake in some contexts such as substance use disorder, but findings were heterogeneous overall and by age, mental health issue or types of vaccine. Only individuals with mental health issues and physical comorbidities had consistently higher uptake in comparison to other adults.Mental health should be considered as a health inequality for vaccine uptake but more context specific research is needed focusing more on specific mental health issues and subgroups of the population to understand who misses vaccination and why.

The impact of mental health conditions on oral anticoagulation therapy and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

One third of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are estimated to suffer from mental health conditions (MHCs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of MHCs on the prevalence and quality of oral anticoagulation (OAC) therapy and outcomes in patients with AF. Medline database was searched for studies published before March 1st 2021 evaluating AF patients with comorbid MHCs reporting on the prevalence of OAC therapy, time in therapeutic range (TTR) in warfarin-receiving patients, adherence to OAC therapy or adverse outcomes (ischemic stroke, hemorrhage or mortality). Studies reporting on outcome events were included in the meta-analysis. The literature search yielded 17 studies including 977,535 patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this review. AF patients with MHCs had a lower prevalence of OAC use and poorer TTR compared with patients without MHCs. Evidence on OAC quality in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) was minimal and inconclusive. A decrease in depression-associated deficit in OAC prevalence was observed after the introduction of DOACs. Pooled analysis of five studies reporting on outcomes showed that MHCs were an independent risk factor for both stroke (RR 1.25, 95%CI 1.08–1.45, I2 0%) and major bleeding (RR 1.17, 95%CI 1.08–1.27, I2 27%). Data on mortality were lacking and therefore not included in the meta-analysis. Evidence on the impact of specific MHCs on the outcomes were inadequate. In conclusion, MHCs are independent risk factors for stroke and major bleeding in patients with AF. Future studies are needed to confirm the findings of this meta-analysis, to evaluate the prognostic impact of different MHCs and to clarify whether the introduction of DOACs might have improved the outcomes of these patients.

Mental Health and University Students on the Autism Spectrum: a Literature Review

An increasing amount of evidence indicates that mental health conditions pose a significant challenge for post-secondary students on the autism spectrum. A review of the literature was conducted to bring greater awareness to the issue of mental health conditions of university students on the autism spectrum, to identify the impact of mental health conditions on university success, and to identify support services that can help students on the autism spectrum successfully complete their post-secondary education. Overall, 23 studies met inclusion criteria, spanning across the USA, Canada, UK, Australia, Belgium, China, and Japan. Data is reported according to three categories: the frequency and/or type of mental health condition experienced by students on the autism spectrum; the impact of mental health conditions on students; and effectiveness of supports for students with mental health conditions.

Maternal mental health and reproductive outcomes: a scoping review of the current literature.

Current data show that maternal mental conditions affect about 10% of pregnant women worldwide. Assessing timing and patterns of mental health illness, therefore, is critical to ensure the wellbeing of the mother, the new-born and the whole family. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest evidence linking maternal mental disorders and adverse reproductive outcomes. Following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, a literature search was conducted to ascertain the possible impact of mental health conditions on reproductive outcomes before and during pregnancy. The comprehensive strategy included cohort studies, randomised controlled trials and literature reviews on women with Primary Maternal Mental Illness (PMMI) and Secondary Maternal Mental Illness (SMMI) considering periconceptional, obstetric and foetal-neonatal outcomes. PubMed, WoS, CINAHL and Google scholar were used for the search. Cross-referencing in bibliographies of the selected papers ensured wider study capture. Evidence linking depressive disorders and infertility among PMMI is weak. Given this, women with prior mental conditions experience additional distress when undergoing fertility treatments. Primary mental disorders may also increase the risk of miscarriage and other pregnancy complications (e.g., gestational diabetes). For SMMI, there is more robust evidence correlating Preterm Birth (PTB) and Low Birth Weight (LBW) with common mental disorders which develop during pregnancy. Prevention and management of maternal mental health diseases and minor mental conditions within the first 1000days' timeframe, should have a place in the holistic approach to women going through reproductive decisions, infertility treatment and pregnancy.

Coping with mental health conditions at work and its impact on self-perceived job performance

PurposeThis exploratory qualitative study examines both the impact of mental health conditions on self-perceived job performance and how individuals with mental health conditions cope with their conditions at work.Design/methodology/approachA total of 257 responses to a qualitative questionnaire and 17 in-depth interviews with individuals with mental health conditions are analyzed.FindingsThe findings show that mental health conditions can negatively impact self-perceived job performance in the form of lower quality of one's work, slower pace, and more mistakes. In addition, the findings reveal coping strategies that positively and negatively affect one’s performance at work. Strategies that negatively influence one’s performance include substance abuse and self-harm, suppressing and hiding one's symptoms, and forcing oneself to continue to work when feeling unwell. Coping strategies that tend to positively affect their performance include accepting one's condition and taking time off, medication and counseling, mindfulness activities, transparent communication, humor, and a compensation strategy.Originality/valueA growing number of individuals struggle with mental health conditions at work, impacting both organizations and employees. However, little is known about the influence of mental health conditions on one's performance at work, how individuals cope with their mental health conditions at work, and what effect those coping strategies have on organization-relevant outcomes.

The Impact of Mental Health Conditions on Public Insurance Costs of Treating HIV/AIDS

Medicare and Medicaid insurance claims data for Californians living with HIV are analyzed in order to determine: (1)The prevalence of treatment for particular mental health diagnoses among people living with HIV (PLWH) with Medicare or Medicaid insurance in 2010; (2)The relationship between individual mental health conditions and total medical care expenditures; (3)The impact of individual mental health diagnoses on the cost of treating non-mental health conditions; and (4)The implications of the cost of mental health diagnoses for setting managed care capitation payments. We find that the prevalence of mental health conditions among PLWH is high (23% among Medicare and 28% among Medicaid enrollees). PLWH with mental health conditions have significantly higher treatment costs for both mental health and non-mental health conditions. Setting managed care capitations that account for these greater expenditures is necessary to preserve access to both mental health and physical health services for PLWH and mental health conditions.

A Design Construct of Developing Approaches to Measure Mental Health Conditions

Mental health is an important determinant of communities’ well-being, influenced not only by individual attributes, but also by social and organisational environments in which people work and live. Despite studies examining mental health status among specific populations, few attempts are evident that focus on solution designs for detecting and measuring impact of mental health conditions. In this study, we develop a construct utilising design science research principles for outlining common vocabulary around the problem, and solution design relevant to a mental health management system. For the case of IT professionals, the developed construct is informed through a social-media based dataset containing more than 65,000 cells and 100 attributes potentially identifying influencing factors. Machine learning techniques are applied to the dataset to discover new findings for this specific group. It is anticipated that the analysis reported in this study would contribute in developing other electronic health management systems both for communities and healthcare professionals

Academic Performance among Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Study

To determine grade 12 academic performance for children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Children diagnosed with IBD at age<17 years identified from the population-based University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database were matched by age-, sex-, and area of residence to 10 randomly selected controls. Grade 12 educational outcomes (scores on the provincial grade 12 language arts and mathematics standards tests, and enrollment-in-grade-12-by- age-17) were determined by linkage to the province wide Manitoba Education Database. Linear and logistic regression analysis were used to compare the educational outcomes, adjusting for socioeconomic status and comorbidities and evaluate predictors of educational outcomes among children with IBD. Grade 12 educational outcomes among 337 children with IBD were compared with 3093 without IBD. There were no significant differences among the 2 groups in the standardized scores (language arts: P=.31; mathematics: P=.48) or enrollment-in-grade-12-by- age-17 (P=.25). Lower socioeconomic status and diagnosis with mental health problems 6 months prior to and 6 months post-IBD diagnosis were independent predictors of worse educational outcomes. There was no significant effect of age of diagnosis of IBD, type of IBD (ulcerative colitis vs Crohn's disease), use of corticosteroids or immunomodulator agents, hospitalizations, or surgery for IBD. Children with IBD on average achieve similar levels of academic achievement in grade 12 as those without IBD. This study underscores the educational impact of mental health conditions at IBD diagnosis among children.

Quality of life impact of mental health conditions in England: results from the adult psychiatric morbidity surveys

BackgroundThe main objective is to present health state utility estimates for a broad range of mental health conditions including anxiety, depression, long-term depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, phobia, panic disorder, psychosis, alcohol and drug dependency that can be used in economic models.MethodsThis study uses pooled data from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys carried out in 2000 and 2007 of a representative sample of the general population in England. Health state utility values measured by the SF-6D and EQ-5D indices are the dependent variables. Independent variables include background characteristics, mental health and physical health conditions. Regression models were estimated using OLS for the SF-6D and tobit for EQ-5D. Further regressions were carried out to consider the impact of mental health and physical health morbidities and the impact of severity of conditions on utility values.ResultsMental health conditions tend to have a larger impact on health state utility values than physical health conditions. The mental health conditions associated with the highest decrements in utility are: depression, mixed anxiety and depressive disorders and long-term depression. Interaction terms used to model the effect of co-morbidities are generally found to be positive implying that simply adding the utility decrements for two mental health conditions overestimates the burden of the disease.ConclusionsThis paper presents reliable and representative community based mean SF-6D and EQ-5D estimates with standard errors for health state utility values across a broad range of mental health conditions that can be used in cost effectiveness modelling.

Country Contextualization of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide: A Case Study from Nigeria

The global burden of disease (GBD) study clearly brought to the fore the societal impact of mental health conditions, with the finding that neuropsychiatric conditions account for about 14% of the total disease burden [1]. The extent of this burden has been further emphasized by recent large-scale global surveys, which indicate that not only are mental disorders highly prevalent worldwide, but also that a huge treatment gap exists in both developed and developing countries [2],[3]. Furthermore, there is evidence to demonstrate that effective and affordable treatment for common mental disorders is feasible, even in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) [4]. Several barriers and constraints in these countries have led to a situation where those with the greatest need for mental health services often lack access to these services [5]. It has therefore become imperative to seek innovative solutions to these global mental health challenges [6]–[8]. Current evidence favours innovative solutions that would result in overall health system strengthening, integrated provision of services [9], and improved access to evidence-based packages of care through task-shifting [10] As a way of confronting this global challenge, the World Health Organization (WHO) recently launched a programme of action to help countries implement activities aimed at narrowing the gap between need and available services for mental health care. This programme, the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP), is designed to assist LMICs in their efforts to scale up the coverage of mental health services for their citizens [11]. An important component of the programme is the development of the mhGAP-Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG), a manual designed to facilitate the recognition and management of a set of priority mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders in non-specialist settings. The manual is the product of a rigorous international expert consensus on the most burdensome MNS conditions, and describes approaches to their recognition and the provision of evidence-based interventions, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, for alleviating these conditions. The priority conditions covered by the mhGAP-IG are depression, psychosis, dementia, bipolar disorder, epilepsy, behavioural disorders, developmental disorders, alcohol use disorders, drug use disorders, and suicide and self harm. The guide provides information on the diagnosis of each condition and the common interventions that can be offered to sufferers by non-specialists. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of commonly available non-pharmacological interventions wherever evidence exists for their efficacy. Referrals to the next level of care are suggested when such are indicated. The process of developing this tool was based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to generate an evidence-based, intervention package [12],[13]. Furthermore, the mhGAP-IG is not a stand-alone tool, but comes with a range of supporting technical tools, which includes a facilitator's guide for each module, a contextualization questionnaire, and tools for monitoring and evaluating its use. There is wide variability in local circumstances among countries, both in regard to the organization of their health systems and the availability of resources to deliver the recommended interventions. Furthermore, differences also exist in the composition and training of health care personnel, loosely referred to as “non-specialists.” For example, in some countries these may be highly skilled doctors with postgraduate training in family medicine or general practice while in some others, especially in low resource settings, such providers may be community health workers with minimal training. For these reasons, it is recommended that a process of contextualization of the generic version of the mhGAP-IG be implemented in each country setting in order to produce a fully adapted version that meets with the needs of the extant health system in which it is to be used. This paper describes the process of adaptation and contextualization of the manual for the Nigerian health system, a system with broad similarities with those of many sub-Saharan African countries.

Comparative Analysis of Health Care Expenditures and Presence of Mental Health Conditions of HIV-Affected Versus Non-HIV-Affected Children

As HIV/AIDS mortality rates improve, more and more HIV-infected parent(s) are bearing HIV-negative children. Using a comprehensive national medical cost data, this study compared the health care expenditures (prescription and nonprescription) of HIV-affected and non-HIV-affected children, with a special focus on the impact of mental health conditions on expenditures. Post matching, multivariate analysis showed the HIV-affected children's prescription expenditures are significantly less compared to non-HIV-affected children. However, HIV-affected children with mental health conditions incurred greater: total health care expenditures (4.0 times), nonprescription health care expenditures (3.1 times), and prescription expenditures (8.7 times) compared to the respective expenditures of other children in the study

Mental illness and disability among elders in developing countries: the case of Nepal.

This article attempts to document the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among elders in a rural village in Nepal. In addition, we investigate the relationship between psychiatric illness and functional disability to assess the impact of disorder on social functioning. A semistructured interview checklist to diagnose six disorders was used (N = 182). In addition, elders older than age 60 were examined to assess the functional impact of mental health conditions by measuring functional disability. Eighteen percent of elders seem to have a diagnosable psychiatric disorder. Furthermore, in general these elders were also less likely to receive assistance with the disabilities they report, compared with those who do not experience a psychiatric disorder. Documenting the extent of psychiatric disorder among elders in developing societies sensitizes health planners to the growing reality of aging in their societies and the need for expanded physical and psychiatric health care services.

Opportunities in mental health services research.

Opportunities in mental health services research.