Impact Of Large-scale Integration Research Articles

Special Issue of ASME JSEE on Integrated/Sustainable Building Equipment and Systems Notes From Guest Editors

This special issue of JSEE is part of the efforts by the ASME Task Force on Integrated/Sustainable Building Equipment and Systems (ISBES) to identify and evaluate challenges and opportunities for integrating sustainable equipment and systems in individual buildings and within the built environment. Specifically, the ISBES Task Force is primarily interested in fostering new technologies and strategies to enhance building energy efficiency and reduce building energy use. This new approach is proceeding on three different but very important tracks:This first special issue is intended to motivate exchange of innovative ideas, leading-edge concepts, new technologies and devices, ongoing R&D efforts, prototype and demonstration projects, commercialization technologies and projects, and visions of the future related to various tracks of Integrated Sustainable Equipment and Systems for Buildings.Most of the papers selected and further peer-reviewed for this special issue have been presented as part of technical sessions specifically organized during the 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition (IMECE-2012). The papers cover all three IBSES tracks including (i) integrating innovative energy efficiency humidification technology into buildings, evaluating the potential of designing high performance buildings in developing countries, and examining the LEED rating system using design and performance data obtained for several US buildings, (ii) assessing the integration of thermo-active foundations and energy storage systems into buildings, and (iii) city-scale analysis of predicting energy demands during extreme heat events as well the environmental impact of large scale integration of PV systems in a coastal community. The selected articles represent worldwide applications of these technologies and leading-edge approaches.It is hoped that this special issue would provide a stepping stone to initiate long-term collaboration between academia, industry, and planners worldwide to solve the challenges inherent for developing integrated and sustainable equipment and systems for the built environment. We hope for the collaborations to be multi and to include expertise in various areas including but not limited to Solar Energy, Energy Efficiency, Hydrogen Energy Technology, Advanced Energy Technologies, Materials, Fluid Mechanics of Buildings, and Architectural designs.

Large scale integration of intermittent renewable energy sources in the Greek power sector

As a member of the European Union, Greece has committed to achieve ambitious targets for the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) in gross electricity consumption by 2020. Large scale integration of RES requires a suitable mixture of compatible generation units, in order to deal with the intermittency of wind velocity and solar irradiation. The scope of this paper is to examine the impact of large scale integration of intermittent energy sources, required to meet the 2020 RES target, on the generation expansion plan, the fuel mix and the spinning reserve requirements of the Greek electricity system. We perform hourly simulation of the intermittent RES generation to estimate residual load curves on a monthly basis, which are then inputted in a WASP-IV model of the Greek power system. We find that the decarbonisation effort, with the rapid entry of RES and the abolishment of the grandfathering of CO2 allowances, will radically transform the Greek electricity sector over the next 10 years, which has wide-reaching policy implications.

Impact of Large Scale Integration on Aerospace Computers

The continued development of Large Scale Integration (LSI) presages the advent of a fourth generation of computers, and is causing an upheaval at all levels of computer technology-both technical and managerial. Today's computers use integrated circuit components containing at most ten gates per component; however, LSI is introducing hundreds of gates per component and will eventually evolve into thousands of gates per component. To the aerospace planner, this technological breakthrough of LSI means tremendous reductions in cost, size, weight, and power consumption of logic components, together with increased speed and reliability. However, for the aerospace planner to successfully implement aerospace computers with LSI, the computer designers and managers must reorient their methodology and goals. A multitude of new design and cost considerations must be carefully scrutinized, and out of this must come the new techniques that will permit effective incorporation of LSI in aerospace computers. Higher speed, a smaller system, greater reliability, and lower cost stem from the physical structure (more gates per component with no increase in component size) of the LSI component. These inherent features of LSI, together with multiprocessor system organization, point to future aerospace computers with capabilities equal to today's best ground base systems.