Impact Of Health Education Intervention Research Articles

Community-Based Health Education Led by Women's Groups Significantly Improved Maternal Health Service Utilization in Southern Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health education intervention (HEI) on maternal health service utilization (MHSU) in southern Ethiopia. From 10 January to 1 August 2023, a community-based, two-arm, parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) was conducted among pregnant mothers in the Northern Zone of Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia. We utilized multilevel mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust variance to control for the effects of clustering and potential confounders. The level of significance was adjusted for multiple comparisons. The overall utilization of at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit was 90.2% in the treatment group and 59.5% in the comparator group (χ2 = 89.22, p < 0.001). Health facility delivery (HFD) utilization was considerably different between the treatment group (74.3%) and the comparator group (50.8%) (χ2 = 70.50, p < 0.001). HEI significantly increased ANC utilization (adjusted risk ratio [ARR]: 1.32; 99% CI: 1.12-1.56) and HFD utilization (ARR: 1.24; 99% CI: 1.06-1.46). The utilization of at least one postnatal care (PNC) service was 65.4% in the treatment group and 52.1% in the comparator group (χ2 = 19.51, p = 0.01). However, after controlling for the effects of confounders and clustering, the impact of HEI on PNC utilization was insignificant between the two groups (ARR: 1.15; 99% CI: 0.89-1.48). A community-based HEI significantly increased ANC and HFD utilization but did not increase PNC utilization. Expanding the HEI with certain modifications will have a superior effect on improving MHSU. NCT05865873.

The impact of health education intervention on perceptions of menstrual cup among college going female students in peri-urban Bangalore.

To assess the impact of health educational intervention on perceptions of menstrual cup usage among female students enrolled in a degree college in Bangalore district. An interventional study was conducted among female students studying in a degree college in peri-urban Bangalore. Universal sampling was followed and a prior face validated questionnaire was administered to the students after to assess their perceptions, followed by a health education intervention. The subjects were followed up after a period of one month, to assess the impact of health education in changing their perception towards menstrual cups. Among 83 study participants with mean age 19.5±0.95 years, post intervention we found a 42 % increase in the total awareness score and a 35 % increase in total attitude score towards menstrual cup use. There was an increase by 36.1 % (p<0.001) among participants who considered menstrual cup better than sanitary napkins. A reduction by 27.7 % (p=0.024) of reported fear of pain and discomfort while using menstrual cup was noted. There was a significant improvement in the overall awareness about how to use a menstrual cup, advantages, and attitude towards the usage of menstrual cups following the health educational intervention. Health education was found to have a positive impact on perceptions of menstrual cup.

The effectiveness of reproductive health education to increase knowledge among adolescents

Background: Discussion about sexual and reproductive health issues among teenagers and parents is still shadowed by taboos in some cultures. Ignorance and myths surrounding these issues make teenagers vulnerable to the consequences of inappropriate sexual behavior, which in turn exposes them to risky behavioral problems. The lack of knowledge regarding teaching strategies used to educate teenagers can result in their indifferent attitudes and decreased motivation in receiving educational materials.Purpose: To determine the characteristics, age, gender, participants knowledge levels regarding adolescent reproductive health, and the influence of leaflet and booklet media on the level of adolescent reproductive health knowledge.Method: A quantitative research using a quasi-experimental design with a posttest-only design. The sample consisted of 50 teenagers divided into 2 intervention groups. The media used for education were booklets and leaflets.Results: The analysis results for the booklet group with a mean of 67.48 ± 14.060 and the leaflet group with a mean of 54.20 ± 6.331 yielded a ρ-value of 0.001. Therefore, there is a difference in the impact of health education intervention on the level of reproductive health knowledge among teenagers.Conclusion: Providing education using booklets can be one of the more effective educational strategies.Suggestion: Both adolescent boys and girls are encouraged to properly maintain their reproductive health and participate in every available health education activity to enhance their knowledge and health status.

Impact of Health Education Intervention on Nutritional Status Among Adolescent Girls in Government Secondary Schools Maiduguri: A Randomised Control Trial

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a health education intervention on nutritional status among adolescent girls in government secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council. Methods: The study was a randomized control trial among 417 adolescent girls aged 10-19 years old. Data were collected from October 2019 to March 2020 using KoBo collect toolbox. Chi-square and Fisher exact were used to compare baseline differences between the intervention and control group, a generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the impact of health education intervention. Results: There was no significant difference in nutritional status (body mass index for age percentile and mid-upper arm circumference) between the intervention and control group at baseline. There was a statistically significant difference at three and six-months post-intervention for body mass index for age percentile p = 0.005; p &lt; 0.001, while the mid-upper arm circumference was statistically significant at three months post-intervention p &lt; 0.001, but not statistically significant at six months post-intervention. Conclusion: It is clear that health education intervention has an important role in improving the nutritional status of adolescents.

The impact of health education interventions on oral health promotion among older people: a systematic review

BackgroundOne of the most common pathologic changes in older people is oral and dental problems. The oral health of older people is a public health concern. Promotion of good oral health for this cohort will have beneficial impacts on the longer-term quality of life. This study aimed to identify the types of health education interventions for the oral health of older people and to determine their effects on the oral and dental health of older people.MethodsPotential articles were retrieved from four electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Embase) up to 31 September 2022 in English without limit of time. Experimental and quasi-experimental interventional studies investigating the impact of educational interventions on oral and dental health among older people over 60 years old in both sexes were considered. The quality assessment tool was the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP).ResultsIn the initial search, 1104 articles were retrieved. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, 23 studies (seventeen randomized controlled trials (RCT) and six quasi-experimental studies) were reviewed. In this review, educational interventions for older people and their caregivers are classified. Theoretical frameworks were used in only three interventions related to older people. Outcome measures were both self-reported and objective measures. Fifteen of the included studies were of moderate quality.ConclusionThis review provides evidence that the use of oral and dental health educational interventions was effective in improving the oral health of older people. Educational interventions were carried out both among older people and among their caregivers. Although a variety of interventions were used in the reviewed studies, more lectures were used in the interventions related to older people. In the interventions related to caregivers, in addition to lectures, practical education was also used. It is recommended to perform higher quality studies for assessing the effectiveness of interventions in this field.

Assessing the Impact of Health Education Intervention on Asthma Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices: A Cross-Sectional Study in Erbil, Iraq.

Asthma causes chronic coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, and chest pressure. This study assessed asthmatic patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of bronchial asthma and proper education on its meaning, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, management, and prevention practices. We performed a cross-sectional interventional asthma KAP survey in Erbil, Iraq. We adapted a validated study questionnaire from KAP studies in other nations to the Erbil situation and culture. In Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq, two major hospitals' asthma clinics were studied. We chose 250 asthmatic patients from October 2018 to July 2019. Health education was comprehensive. The health education program used a Kurdish PowerPoint with a printout. Twenty-five groups received two weeks of one-hour health education pre-intervention. Each group was questioned before, 2 weeks after, and 12 weeks after health education. All data were analyzed by SPSS v26. The mean age of the respondents was 37.52 ± 15.16, with 48.7% of the respondents having a positive family history of asthma. After 2 weeks of health education intervention, respondents had a higher knowledge score and positive attitudes compared to pre-education, and after 12 weeks of education, there was a significant difference (p < 0.001) with improvised prevention practice. Health education programs led to considerable improvements in asthmatic patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding their condition. After receiving health education for a period of two weeks, the majority of the participants answered correctly regarding asthma, its causes, and the elements that trigger asthma attacks.

The impact of health education interventions on HPV vaccination uptake, awareness, and acceptance among people under 30 years old in India: a literature review with systematic search.

The HPV vaccine is used as one of the main prevention tools for HPV-related cancers globally, yet it is not part of the Indian National Immunization program. In light of the introduction of the indigenous vaccine, we examine the effectiveness of health education about uptake, acceptance, and awareness. Research was performed in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase to identify studies between 2008 and 2022. Studies were included if: they were conducted in India including primary data research and health education intervention, and participants were between 9 and 29 years old. Out of the 10.952 results, 7 studies were included. Four studies focused on adolescent girls, aged from 9 to 20 years old, and 3 on university students aged from 17 to 26 years. Five studies were implemented in urban areas and 2 in rural areas. Health education interventions proved to be effective in increasing uptake, awareness, and acceptance of the HPV vaccine. The barriers included among others: cost, lack of awareness, and cultural barriers. Observations from this study outline immediate action for policymakers to educate and encourage the young population toward HPV vaccination. Future programs should be aimed at different population groups and be adjusted according to their special characteristics and needs. Attention should be given to the male population and marginalized groups. The involvement of various stakeholders proved to be beneficial, and it is highly recommended.

Impact of Health Education Intervention and Intrinsic Factors on Microbiota in Overweight Individuals; A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective The first objective was to assess the influence of a health education program that placed emphasis on improving physical activity level and diet quality on the microbiota. The second objective was to investigate the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on the responses of individual microbiota taxa to the health education intervention. Design A secondary analysis of the Full Plate Diet (FPD) trial, a randomized controlled, clinical trial which included a 10-week health education program at Loma Linda, CA. Setting Drayson Center, Loma Linda University, CA. Method Fecal samples were collected at baseline (Pre) and after the termination of the health education intervention (Post). Bacterial DNA were extracted and 16S rRNA amplicon were then sequenced. Results No significant differences were observed, for any of the groups, in the α or ß diversities between baseline and post-intervention. Baseline microbiome significantly determined the shift of the individual microbial taxa; however, treatment type, gender, and baseline BMI, did not predict this shift. Conclusion A health education intervention emphasizing stress management and improvement in diet quality and physical activity did not have much influence on abundance and diversity of microbiota in a group of obese middle-aged adults. The shift in the microbiome, however, and the responsiveness to health education intervention could be predicted by the baseline microbiome level. Trial Registration Registration number is NCT03232970; July 28, 2017

A unified qualitative-quantitative method to evaluate the impact of being a near-peer health educator

Abstract Grasping the complexity of public health interventions is of increasing interest. Program evaluation may involve previously known and unknown variables; the former are best explored with quantitative, the latter with qualitative methods. As part of the impact evaluation of the Balassagyarmat Health Education Program (BEP), a near-peer education intervention targeting adolescents from a disadvantaged region of Hungary, we aimed to understand the complex effects of being an educator on medical students’ knowledge about the biopsychosocial model of health. Thus, we developed a unified method that enables us to conduct an exploratory study on the effects of our intervention, then quantify and model that qualitative data. We started the method design with literature review and consultations with methodological and public health experts. We then refined the research questions based on a focus-group discussion held with 6 peer educators. After a set of pilot-interviews, we chose simulation interviewing as our knowledge elicitation procedure, then finalized the protocol with the help of additional piloting. In this unified method, simulation interviews are administered to peer educators and aligned controls, and cognitive task analysis is performed with the help of visual stimuli. Codes are developed inductively and, along with segmentation procedures, applied deductively to the entire dataset via the Reproducible Open Coding Kit. Resulting quantified narratives are further processed with Epistemic Network Analysis. The relative frequency of code co-occurrence in each segment is modelled with networks enabling the qualitative and statistical comparison of data between subsamples. Building on the benefits of qualitative and quantitative approaches, this method offers a complex evaluation of the impact of health education interventions. By strengthening the methods of program evaluation we aim to facilitate the development of more effective interventions. Key messages • Qualitative and quantitative methods can be unified in program evaluation to promote a deeper understanding of the complexity in public health interventions. • Cognitive task analysis as a knowledge elicitation procedure can be used for the impact evaluation of health education programs.

Impact of health education intervention on demand of women for cervical cancer screening: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

BackgroundCervical cancer is considered preventable disease, though it is the second largest killer of women’s cancer in low and middle-income countries. Despite the government’s attempts to broaden screening facilities, the screening service utilization was poor. Our study evaluated the impact of health education intervention on women’s demand for cervical cancer screening.MethodsCommunity-based cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in thirty district towns as clusters in Tigray region, Ethiopia. A total of 700 women aged 20 to 60 years were recruited for both groups using simple random sampling from April to July, 2018. After baseline data collection, health education intervention was given to the intervention group by trained health professionals using power point presentation and peer group discussion at the nearest health institution. The health education was given for three days followed by subsequent consultations for 6 months. The outcome variable was demand of women for cervical cancer screening. The intent-to-treat and per-protocol analysis were considered to evaluate the inflation of the loss to follow-up on effect size. Chi-square test was used to assess the difference of variables between control and intervention groups at baseline data. Finally, difference in difference analysis was used to see the true effect of the intervention on outcome variable.ResultsA total of 674 participants (340 in intervention and 334 in control groups) were able to complete the follow-up, making a response rate of 96.3%. At baseline, the differences in proportion of all outcome variables in control and intervention groups were not statistically significant. After follow-up, a statistically significant difference between control and intervention groups was observed in the proportion of willingness to screen (p value = 0.000), having plan to screen (p value = 0.000), ever screened (p value = 0.000), and the overall demand for cervical cancer screening (p value = 0.000). Finally, the impact of intervention was explained by the difference in differences in the proportion of willingness to screen (36.6%) (p value < 0.000), having plan to screen (14.6%) (p value < 0.000), ever screened (16.9%) (p value < 0.000), and overall demand for cervical cancer screening (36.9%) (p value < 0.000).ConclusionThis study revealed that health education intervention could increase in overall demand of women for cervical cancer screening. Thus, it would be helpful to consider health education in health planning and service provision.Trial registrationThe registration number is PACTR201808126223676; date registered: 23 April 2018, and the type is “retrospectively registered.”

Effect of Intensive Training Programme on the Knowledge and Practice of Infection control among Auxiliary staff in a Tertiary care Hospital of Rawalpindi

Objective: To determine the impact of health education intervention in the auxiliary healthcare staff regarding infection control knowledge and practices.&#x0D; Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Inpatient departments, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, from Aug to Sep 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: Study participants were working as the auxiliary staff at Inpatient departments of Fauji Foundation Hospital. Pre-test was carried out for baseline assessment of knowledge and practice of infection control. There was training session of 3 hours comprising of lecture, practical demonstration and hands-on training regarding WHO five steps of hand hygiene, safe disposal of sharps and use of PPEs. Effectiveness of training intervention was assessed after one month.&#x0D; Results: Mean knowledge score increased from 8.22 ± 2.83 to 12.43 ± 2.05 after the training (p&lt;0.001). Similarly significant improvement was observed in infection control practices i.e., mean practice score improved from 3.64 ± 1.39 to 6.11 ± 1.27 (p&lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: Training brought about significant improvement in both the knowledge and practice in all the three areas of infection control.

Evaluation of School-Based Health Education Intervention on the Incidence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Pupils of Rural Communities of Eastern Kogi State, North Central Nigeria.

The negative impact of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in Nigeria is enormous, and it poses serious public health issues and concerns. This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of health education intervention on reinfection of STHs in pupils of rural schools of Kogi East, North Central Nigeria. A total of 10 schools with the highest prevalence of STHs at baseline were selected from the 45 schools assessed during the baseline survey. These 10 schools were randomly paired into two groups of 5 schools per group. Five schools were dewormed and given health education (DHE) intervention while the other 5 schools were dewormed only (DO) without health education. Reassessment of schools for reinfection was carried out for a period of 12 months. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Student's t-test was used to make comparison between interventions in the incidence of infections. Analysis was carried out at p < 0.05. Reinfection with STHs was observed from the 28th week (7th month) of both interventions with incidence of 0.29 (2 pupils) and 1.00 (7 pupils) in DO and DHE schools, respectively. In the 36th week (9th month), incidence observed in schools given DHE was 0.56 (5 pupils) while incidence of 0.89 (8 pupils) was observed in DO schools, and there was no significant difference (t = −1.000, p = 0.347) between the interventions. At 48th week (12th month), there was no significant difference (t = −0.547, p = 0.599) in incidence between the DHE and DO schools with incidence of 1.00 (12 pupils) and 0.83 (10 pupils), respectively. Hookworms had an incidence of 0.78 (7 pupils) at DHE schools and 0.56 (5 pupils) at DO schools in the 36th week while an incidence of 0.92 (11 pupils) and 0.83 (10 pupils) at DHE and DO schools, respectively, in the 48th week. Ascaris lumbricoides was only observed in DHE schools in a pupil with an incidence of 0.11 (1 pupil) and 0.08 (1 pupil) at 36th and 48th weeks. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of the parasites between DO and DHE intervention groups (p > 0.05). School-based health education intervention had no significant impact on STH incidence in pupils of rural schools in Kogi East. Community-based deworming should be encouraged alongside improvement in the water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructures and practices at both school and home.

Impact of health education intervention on menstruation and its hygiene among urban school-going adolescent girls in Thiruvallur, Tamilnadu.

Adolescent girls require specific and special attention since they are the most vulnerable group not only in terms of their social status but also their health. Poor menstrual hygiene can lead to developing infections and other complications. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing the impact of health education on menstrual hygiene among urban school-going adolescent girls. A quasi-experimental, pre and post-test study was conducted among adolescent girls aged between 11 to 17 years from two public schools in the urban field practice area of tertiary care medical college in Thiruvallur district of Tamilnadu. A pre-interventional survey was done using a pretested validated questionnaire. Multipronged health education intervention was administered, and its effectiveness was measured after four months using the same tool. Frequencies, percentages, median, and range were used to describe variables. 'Wilcoxon signed-rank test' and the "Mann-Whitney U-" test were used for inferential statistics. There was a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) improvement in the knowledge of menstruation, perceived attitude, and practice of good menstrual hygiene from pre to post-test after the intervention. Demographic factors such as age, mother's education, and socio-economic status, and Menstrual characteristics such as age at menarche, regular menstrual flow, absence of dysmenorrhea, and getting menstruation advice before menarche were found to be significantly associated with the post-test median scores. A planned and structured health education program should be addressed to adolescent girls both at schools and community settings for improving menstruation-related knowledge and practices.

Impact of health education intervention in promoting cervical cancer screening among rural women of Chengalpattu district - The community based interventional study

BackgroundThe incidence and prevalence of cervical cancer is on rise among rural women in Tamil Nadu. The scientific community is lobbying strongly in providing health education as a pre-emptive measure in reducing morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer. This research explores the effective way of health communication towards the promotion of cervical cancer prevention and screening. Materials and methodsThe community based interventional study was carried out from, sample of 370 rural women from Chengalpattu district of tamilnadu selected using multistage sampling method.A baseline and end-line data were collected using standard questionnaire “Cervical Cancer Awareness Measure tool kit 2.1”.After baseline data collection, health education on cervical cancer was imparted using Audio-Visual sources depicting the signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and the significance of getting screened at regular intervals for cervical cancer were exhibited in the local language. Call for screening camp was announced at regular intervals.Descriptive statistics, Paired t-test and Mean difference with 95% CI and screening rate from the women attending the screening camp was calculated. ResultsWomen aged 40–49 with 44.5% was the major study participants The significant difference was found to the factors, warning sign(p-value = 0.03; MD = 7.59; CI = 3.27–3.29), Risk factors(p-value = 0.02; MD = 21.32; CI = 21.2–21.4) and attitude towards screening (p-value = 0.003; MD = 0.85; CI = 0.79–0.81).The percentage of Screening rate was 31.1% after health education. ConclusionThus, the above-mentioned health education model has proved to be efficacious on cervical cancer prevention Research can be further up-scaled by integrating the benefit incidence and comparing with other health education models.

What do Young People Think About HPV and HPV Vaccination? The Role of Health Education Interventions and Health Professionals.

Background:Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide and its highest prevalence is observed in adolescents and young adults. This review examined studies that explore awareness about HPV among adolescents and young adults, as well as their attitudes and willingness towards the HPV vaccine. Besides, the impact of health professionals and health education interventions on HPV awareness and attitudes towards HPV vaccine is identified.Objective:The aim of this review is, firstly, to systematically identify the studies that explore awareness about HPV among adolescents and young adults, as well as their attitudes and willingness towards the HPV vaccine. Secondly, the aim is to identify the impact of health professionals and health education interventions on HPV awareness and attitudes towards HPV vaccine among the same group.Methods:The systematic review was conducted in the international databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, between 2016-2019.Results:The review revealed low to moderate levels of awareness and knowledge regarding HPV (10 studies), while a more favorable attitude towards the HPV vaccine (3 studies). The role of health professionals was ineffective (4 studies), while studies focused on the impact of health education interventions showed a positive impact on knowledge and awareness of HPV (4 studies).Conclusion:Continuous training of health personnel is necessary and new studies are needed to identify barriers to adolescents not being vaccinated.

Effectiveness of Health Education Intervention Regarding Family Planning Among Iraqi Women Attending Primary Health Centers In Baghdad During 2019

Background: Family planning has become a major strategy of population control both at the national andglobal level.Objectives: To examine the impact of health education intervention regarding family planning on knowledgeamong pregnant Iraqi women.Methodology: Aqusi_Experimental study was conducted at three primary health care centers in Baghdadwith sample size of 90 female who were chosen by convenient sampling technique, with 2 groups : 60 ladyin control group and 30 lady in intervention group. Along seven months duration, data were collected usinga questionnaire which was Adopted from many literatures with modifications, Chi – square and Fisher Exacttest was used to test association of variables with a P. value &lt;0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The age of the t of the studied ranged between (26-35 years). The level of education for bothgroups was college and above degrees, (55%), with negative history of consanguinity, the control grouphad poor knowledge about family planning, the intervention group showed higher knowledge score than thecontrol after the intervention. while no significant association was found between knowledge score of theparticipants of the whole studied sample and its socio-demographic variables.Conclusions: Married women with highest number of children having more information about familyplanning than single women .Health education significantly increases the knowledge of women about alltypes of Family planning and improves attitudes towards family planning and their usage.

Impact of Health Education Intervention on Breast Cancer Awareness among Rural Women of Tamil Nadu.

Background:The most common cancer among Indian females is breast cancer. Limited access to early detection and treatment is responsible for more than half of the deaths, primarily in rural areas, where organized mammography screening is neither affordable nor feasible. Therefore, imparting awareness on breast health and breast self-examination (BSE) is highly recommended. This study aimed to assess the impact of a health education interventional program on breast health awareness and BSE among rural women of Tamil Nadu.Methodology:A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 266 women. A preinterventional survey was done using a pretested validated questionnaire. A multipronged breast health education intervention was administered and its effectiveness was measured after 3 months using the same tool.Results:There was a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) improvement in the knowledge of breast health, perceived susceptibility, and reasons for practice and proficiency of BSE practice of the interventional group from pre- to post-test. After the interventional program, 71.8% of increase in knowledge about breast health and BSE was observed. In addition, 64.7% of the women practiced BSE compared to 7.14% pretest.Conclusion:This study highlights the awareness needs by the women and application of extensive strategies to increase the acceptance of cancer screening programs.

Assessment of health education on knowledge regarding oral antidiabetic drug adherence in urban area, Bengaluru

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with a high mortality and morbidity. Knowledge regarding the disease is required for the management of drug adherence in diabetes, hence the present study was taken to assess the effectiveness of health education on knowledge regarding oral anti-diabetic drug adherence.Methods: The study was conducted at urban health training centre of a medical college, Bengaluru from October 2015 to July 2016. A total of 70 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were involved in this descriptive and interventional study. The study subjects included only on oral anti-diabetic drugs and willing to give informed consent. A pre-tested semi-structured proforma was administered and information about socio-demographic profile, and impact of health education intervention on knowledge was obtained.Results: Most of the subjects were female (80%), in the age group of 35-45 years (34%), illiterate (40%), unemployed (67%) with class IV (78%) socio-economic status according to Modified Kuppuswamy classification 2014. The mean±SD age was 52.47±11.06 years. Significant improvement in knowledge regarding adherence to oral anti-diabetic medication was found in study subjects following health education intervention.Conclusions: The study revealed that health education regarding the importance of drug adherence is needed in study subjects and there was significant improvement in knowledge after health education.

Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening for women in Ghana

BackgroundThe burden of cervical cancer continues to rise in developing economies. Women in the sub-Saharan African region have higher chances of developing cervical cancer due to a greater prevalence of related risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education intervention on cervical cancer and screening perceptions of women in the Komenda, Edina, Eguafo, and Abirem (K.E.E.A) District in the Central Region of Ghana.MethodsA non-equivalent control-group design was used to select church women; 396 in the intervention group and 386 in the control group, aged 11 to 70 years in the K.E.E.A District in the Central Region of Ghana. Data was collected via a validated structured interview schedule and analysed using the paired - and independent-samples t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test.ResultsA comparison of the mean differences between the pre-post-test scores for the intervention and control groups showed a statistically significant difference for knowledge of cervical cancer (t = 6.22, df = 780, p = 0.001), knowledge of cervical cancer screening (t = 5.96, df = 780, p = 0.001), perceived seriousness (t = 3.36, df = 780, p = 0.001), perceived benefits (t = 9.19, df = 780, p = 0.001), and perceived barriers (t = 3.19, df = 780, p = 0.001). However, perceived susceptibility for the intervention group reduced, evidenced by a decrease in the mean (mean = − 0.12) compared to the control group (mean = 0.93) and this was statistically significant (t = 2.72, df = 780, p = 0.007).ConclusionsHealth education interventions are critical in improving knowledge and perceptions, and increasing self-efficacy of women about cervical cancer and screening.Trial registrationISRCTN Registry: Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN13468198. Registered 22 March 2019.

Impact of health education on attitude regarding oral anti-diabetic drug adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Bengaluru

Background: Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes is an emerging global epidemic and public health problem and associated with high morbidity and mortality among patients. Positive attitude is important for the management of drug adherence in diabetes, hence the present study was taken to assess the effectiveness of health education on oral anti-diabetic drug adherence.Methods: A descriptive and interventional study was conducted at urban health training centre of a medical college, Bengaluru from November 2015 to March 2016. A total of 70 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients only on oral anti-diabetic drugs willing to give informed consent were included in the study. A pre-tested semi-structured proforma was administered and information about socio-demographic profile, and impact of health education intervention on attitude was obtained.Results: Most of the subjects were female (80%), in the age group of 35-45 yrs (34%), illiterate (40%), unemployed (67%) with Class IV (78%) socio-economic status according to modified Kuppuswamy Classification 2014. The mean ±SD age was 52.47±11.06 years. Significant improvement in attitude regarding adherence to oral anti-diabetic medication was found in study subjects following health education intervention.Conclusions: The study revealed that health education regarding the importance of drug adherence is needed to build positive attitude in study subjects.