Impact Of Gross Domestic Product Research Articles

Effects of environment and human activities on rice planting suitability based on MaxEnt model.

Rice is one of the major food crops, and the study of suitable planting areas for rice plays an important role in improving rice yield and optimizing the production layout. This study used Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model to simulate and predict the distribution of suitable rice planting areas in China from 1981 to 2020 by combining the climate, soil, and human activities, analyzed the spatial and temporal changes of suitable rice planting areas in China, and determined the main factors affecting rice planting suitability. The results indicated that the main factors influencing the distribution of suitable planting areas for rice in China were gross domestic product (GDP), population density (Pop), and annual sunshine duration (Sun), with human activities playing a dominant role. The high suitable planting areas of rice were mainly distributed in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Guangdong, southeastern Sichuan and western Guizhou. The total suitable planting areas for rice were 346.00 × 104 km2, 345.66 × 104 km2, 347.01 × 104 km2, and 355.57 × 104 km2 from 1981 to 1990, 1991 to 2000, 2001 to 2010 and 2011 to 2020, respectively. With the passage of time, the area of unsuitable areas for rice gradually decreased, and the area of medium suitable areas increased, with large changes in the area of high- and low-suitable areas. Moreover, due to the transfer of a large number of rural laborers to the cities in recent years, the tension between people and land caused by the population explosion has led to the increasing impact of Pop on rice suitable areas and the relatively weakening of the impact of GDP on rice production interventions. The results can be used to provide scientific evidence for the management of rice cultivation and food production safety, with a view to reducing the impacts of climate change on agricultural production in the context of global climate change.

How do Macroeconomic Indicators Shape Nonperforming Loans?

This study examines the influence of macroeconomic indicators on nonperforming bank loans. This research focuses on the period from 2010:1Q to 2019:4Q to capture significant trends and fluctuations in the economy. Data for receivables to be liquidated as a proxy for nonperforming loans, the consumer price index as a proxy for inflation, total private consumption expenditures as a proxy for economic activity, gross domestic product and total (private) fixed capital expenditures as proxies for economic growth are analyzed using the ARDL bound test, FMOLS, DOLS and VECM Granger methodologies. This study addresses several key questions. First, it examines how the receivables to be liquidated relate to changes in total private consumption expenditures (LNPCE). The findings indicate that higher LNPCE decreases the ability of receivables to be liquidated in both the long run and short run. Second, it explores the impact of gross domestic product (GDP) fluctuations on the amount of receivables to be liquidated, revealing that a higher GDP increases the amount of receivables to be liquidated in both the long and short run. Last, the study assesses the extent to which changes in the consumer price index (CPI) influence the receivables to be liquidated, finding that a higher CPI increases the receivables to be liquidated in the long run.

The impact of gross domestic product, exchange rates and ACFTA implementation on Indonesia’s trade intensity index

The impact of gross domestic product, exchange rates and ACFTA implementation on Indonesia’s trade intensity index

Government Expenditure and Inflation in India: An Empirical Analysis

In any economy, inflation increases with an increase in economic growth and government size. However, when inflation increases beyond a certain undesirable level, it becomes a problem for the economy and hurts economic growth. The central bank uses various techniques to tackle inflation and reduce the possibility of harmful increase in it. Since India is a developing country, the government expenditure plays a crucial role and provides an important stimulus to economic growth. The main focus of this study is on the correlation between government spending and inflation in the country and its impact over the period 1983–2020. Along with that, the impact of gross domestic product and money supply has also been studied for the same time period. The results of the study suggest that in India, increase in an government expenditure causes an increase in inflation, and the other two variables also share a similar relationship with inflation.

Impact of GDP on Indian AUTO Sector – An analysis of Nifty AUTO Index

The capacity of a country to produce products and services determines its economic growth. The Gross National Product (GNP), or Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the country's aggregate economic growth. The auto industry is a major engine of India's economic growth. According to the research, it provides 7.1 percent of total GDP and 49 percent of manufacturing GDP, while creating 3.7 crore direct and indirect jobs by the end of 2021. The current study investigates the impact of GDP on the Indian auto sector. It looks for uniformity in the growth rates of the Nifty AUTO and GDP. Information from sources other than the ones under investigation has been obtained for this study, which covers an 11-year period from 2012 to 2022. One-way ANOVA and other descriptive statistics were employed as statistical tools.

Renewable Energy in the Eurozone: Exploring Macroeconomic Impacts via FMOLS

This article examines the relationship between macroeconomic variables and the share of renewable energy in Eurozone countries from 2006 to 2020. Using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method, we analyze the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, unemployment rate, Financial Development Index (FDI), inflation, government efficiency, and corruption control on the proportion of renewable energy. Focused on the Eurozone, our study fills a gap in existing research. We compile diverse findings from the literature review on this topic. Our analysis reveals that higher GDP per capita positively influences the proportion of renewable energy, while unemployment, lower financial development, higher inflation, inefficient governance, and corruption negatively impact renewable energy adoption. These findings underscore the importance of addressing economic development alongside sustainable energy initiatives. Policymakers should prioritize improving GDP per capita, and addressing barriers such as unemployment and corruption to facilitate the transition to a more sustainable energy landscape in the Eurozone.

Towards a greener future: examining carbon emission dynamics in Asia amid gross domestic product, energy consumption, and trade openness.

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of gross domestic product, energy consumption, and trade openness on carbon emission in Asia. Among the 48 countries in Asia, 42 were included in the analysis, spanning a period of 20years. Given that Asia is the predominant contributor, accounting for 53% of global emissions as of 2019, a comprehensive examination at both continental and individual country levels becomes imperative. Such an approach aligns with local, regional, and global development agendas, contributing directly and indirectly to climate change mitigation. The analytical techniques employed in this study encompassed panel regression and multiple linear regression, illuminating the specific contributions of each country to the study variables and their impact on carbon emissions. The findings suggest that gross domestic product (13 out of 42 countries), energy consumption (21 out of 42 countries), and trade openness (eight out of 42 countries) have a highly significant impact (p < 0.01) on carbon emissions in Asia. Energy consumption plays a vital role in increasing carbon emissions in Asia, driven by rising populations, urbanisation, and oil and gas production. Policymakers can take several actions such as adopting a carbon pricing system, using sustainable transportation, renewable energy development, and international cooperation within Asia to reach the goal of being carbon neutral by 2050.

Financial development and green technological innovation: a case of GCC countries

Purpose The purpose of this study is to check the impact of financial development on green technological innovation (GTI). Design/methodology/approach The sample size includes the 20-year (2001–2020) financial statistics of six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region countries. To check the proposed relationship, this research uses a series of econometric models including fixed effect, fully modified ordinary least square and robust least square models. Findings The statistical results imply that financial sector development has a direct significant impact on GTI. A developed financial sector can uplift green technological development by offering more loans to industrial sectors and the import of modern technology. The statistical analysis further reveals the positive impact of gross domestic product (GDP), foreign direct investment inflow and trade volume while the negative impact of resources contribution on GTI. Practical implications The findings suggest key policy suggestions regarding the role of the financial sector in promoting GTI in the GCC region. Originality/value The novelty of this study lies in its examination of the relationship between FD and GTI in the GCC countries, a region with its unique economic and environmental dynamics.

Towards a Digital Revolution: Investigating the Impact of GDP, Tax Collection, and Interest Rates on Cashless Economy in India

The rapid advancement of digital technologies have propelled economies worldwide towards a transformative shift to cashless transactions. In the context of India's ambitious journey towards a digital revolution, this research aims to investigate the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), tax collection, and interest rates on the adoption and usage of a cashless economy in India. The objectives of the study were to explore the relationships between GDP and the cashless economy, tax collection and the cashless economy, and interest rates and the cashless economy. Three hypotheses were formulated to test these relationships, positing that as GDP, tax collection, and interest rates increase, the adoption and usage of cashless payment methods in India. Using OLS multiple regression analysis through STATA software, data from the years 2001 to 2020 were meticulously analyzed. The research findings revealed a significant positive correlation between GDP and the cashless economy, indicating that as India's economy grows, there is an increased inclination towards digital payment methods. Similarly, effective tax collection initiatives were found to play a pivotal role in promoting formal financial transactions and driving the adoption of cashless payments in the country. However, contrary to the hypothesis, the study results showed that the impact of interest rates on cashless payment adoption was not as prominent as anticipated. This research contributes valuable insights into the dynamics of India's digital revolution, emphasizing the role of key macroeconomic factors in shaping the cashless ecosystem. The findings offer strategic implications for policymakers, financial institutions, and businesses in devising evidence-based strategies to accelerate India's transition towards a robust and inclusive cashless economy.

Unleashing the Dynamics Among Energy Consumption, Gross Domestic Product, Environmental Degradation and Urbanization: An Evidence from Belt and Road Initiative Countries

Metropolitan regions rise as polluting industries like transportation and industry consume fossil fuels. Globalization may accelerate urbanization and city density. Increased wages in many emerging economies are driving more people to cities. This research analyses the impact of gross domestic product, energy, and urbanization on CO2 emissions in Belt and Road Initiative countries with the moderating effect of foreign direct investment. We selected 104 Belt and Road Initiative countries for analysis according to their income level. Data was collected from world development indicators spanning from 1990 to 2021. After utilizing the Panel Least Square Model (Regression) to examine the impact of urbanization, foreign direct investment, energy, and gross domestic product on CO2 emissions, significant findings were found. According to the findings of the study, BRICS authorities should adopt an environmental plan that minimizes CO2 emissions without limiting economic growth. According to the current study, the government should help marketplaces by creating a robust legislative context that produces long lasting value for decreasing emissions and by consistently approving new technologies that contribute to a less carbon-intensive economy.

Pengaruh Inflasi, Suku Bunga, Produk Domestik Bruto Terhadap Nilai Tukar Rupiah Tahun 2018-2022

In this study, currency exchange rates became dependent variables, while inflation, interest rates, and gross domestic product (GDP) were considered as independent variables. The focus of the study lies on the exploration of currency exchange rates, which basically reflect the comparison or ratio between two different currencies. This study aims to establish the impact of inflation, interest rates, and GDP on currency exchange rates during the period 2018-2022. Quantitative methods, particularly multiple linear regression analysis, are used to examine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. This analysis is prepared by testing classical assumptions. The sample consists of 60 data, which are used in Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software for processing. The research findings indicate that, individually, “the inflation variable (X1) and interest rates (X2) do not exert an effect on the rupiah exchange rate (Y), while gross domestic product (GDP) (X3) does have an impact on the rupiah exchange rate (Y). Furthermore, the results of the coefficient of determination test reveal that inflation (X1), interest rates (X2), and GDP (X3) collectively contribute to a 17.5% effect on the rupiah exchange rate.”

Determinants of Circular Economy: An Empirical Approach in the Context of the United States of America

The USA is the world’s largest economy in terms of the consumption of resources. The excessive and irresponsible consumption of resources in the developed countries has jeopardized the stock of global resources. This quantitative study highlighting the importance of the circular economy (CE), has assessed the factors that would support the circular transition in the USA. Time series analysis based on the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed to analyze the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Research and Development expenses, and Renewable Energy consumption on circular economy in the US with annual data from 1971 to 2017. While the study indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between the GDP per capita and renewable energy consumption, no relationship was observed between research and development expenses and the circular economy. The study strongly emphasizes the need for policy interventions to enhance the level of awareness regarding circular economy, increase consumption of renewable energies and steering investments in research and development activities to support CE activities in the USA.

Dynamics between economic activities, eco-friendly energy and ecological footprints: a fresh evidence from BRICS countries

PurposeEnvironmental protection and conservation of resources is a challenge for policymakers to attain sustainable growth and development. The current study uses the variable of inclusive growth instead of the traditional measure of growth.Design/methodology/approachThe link between inclusive growth, renewable energy, industrial production, trade openness and the environment is explored by using panel data from 1995 to 2019 in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries. Before applying formal techniques, unit root tests were applied to check the stationarity of each variable. The long-run relationship among factors was found by the Kao cointegration test. The panel dynamic ordinary least squares (DLOS) was employed for regression estimation.FindingsThe results verified a decrease in ecological footprint (EF) in response to a potential rise in renewable energy consumption. An upsurge in EFs was explored due to a rise in gross domestic product (GDP) per person employed and trade openness. The EF significantly decreased by 0.671% in response to a 1% rise in renewable energy consumption.Research limitations/implicationsIt is highly suggested to enhance renewable energy usage. To achieve this, policymakers should implement and emphasize efficient energy technologies to ensure improving the environment. Efficient use of renewable energy resources will decrease global warming effects and ensure the sustainable use of scarce resources.Originality/valueIt first took into account the variable of inclusive growth instead of traditional growth measures. It explored the impact of GDP per person employed as an indicator of inclusive growth.

An empirical analysis of Okun’s law at a regional level: evidence from the NUTS 2 European regions

ABSTRACT In this study, Okun’s law is empirically assessed for the 257 NUTS2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) European regions over the period 2010–2020, which is characterised by intense economic, societal and political changes as a consequence of the 2009 economic crisis, the austerity measures followed and the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Okun’s law equation is estimated using instrumental variables regression, employing a two-step methodology: (1) a panel regression estimator to obtain predicted variables of the endogenous variable (Gross Domestic Product (GDP) % change) by including the appropriate instruments in the model, (2) a linear-mixed fixed, random coefficient model and empirical Bayes predictions for the random intercepts and random slopes to obtain Okun’s coefficients. Study results confirm the Okun’s law for all regions under consideration and suggest that unemployment responses to economic growth differ among regions; either due to business cycle effects or structural labour-market factors. For regions depicting the strongest inverse impact of GDP on unemployment, a cyclical recovery is expected to be accompanied by a reduction in unemployment; while the weakest inverse relationship observed is associated with structural factors (i.e. industry composition, labour-force skills, long-term unemployment). At policymaking level, considering regional labour-market idiosyncrasies is of utmost importance to differentiate labour policies.

Factors Influencing Third-Party Funds of Islamic Bank: A Case Study in Indonesia

This study examines the factors influencing the Third Party Fund (TPF) of Islamic Banks in Indonesia, with a focus on the constructs of Size (Total Assets), Liquidity (measured by the Financing to Deposit Ratio), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The data for the study were collected from five Islamic Banks over a period of five years, resulting in a dataset of 100 observations. The research employs a quantitative research method, utilizing multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis indicate that both Size and Liquidity have a significant positive impact on TPF, suggesting that higher levels of Size (Total Assets) and favourable liquidity conditions can contribute to an increase in TPF. However, the hypothesis regarding the impact of GDP on TPF was not supported, indicating that GDP does not have a significant relationship with TPF in this context. These findings have important implications for the management of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Bank managers should prioritize strategies that enhance liquidity management and ensure sufficient total assets. By maintaining favourable liquidity conditions and expanding total assets, banks can attract more Third-Party Funds, thus fostering growth and stability in the Islamic banking sector. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of regulatory oversight in maintaining public trust in Islamic Banks. Effective regulatory frameworks and supervision are crucial in ensuring compliance with Islamic principles and promoting public confidence. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the factors influencing TPF in Islamic Banks in Indonesia.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Energy Intensity in G20 Countries

Aims: The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Industry Value Added (IVA), Urban Population (UP), Trade, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Energy Intensity in G20 countries.&#x0D; Study Design: This research used a quantitative descriptive method using panel data analysis.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: The scope of this research extends to G20 member countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, European Union, France, United Kingdom, Indonesia, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Rusia, Saudi Arabia, Turki, United States, and South Africa, between 1990-2021.&#x0D; Methodology: This research uses descriptive method combined with panel data analysis, analyze determine of GDP, IVA, UP, Trade, and FDI on Energy Intensity in G20 countries. Furthermore, the data uses is secondary data that has a regression model on panel data from 1990-2021.&#x0D; Results: The result of this research show that IVA has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on increasing energy intensity in G20 countries. GDP, Trade and UP variables have a negative relationship and have a significant effect on Energy Intensity in G20 countries. Meanwhile, the FDI variable has no significant effect on Energy Intensity in G20 countries.&#x0D; Conclusion: Based on research result, Energy Intensity in G20 countries is influenced by various factors, The IVA factor has a positive and significant relationship with energy intensity, can be utilized to increase productivity and economic growth, but need to be balanced with effort to increase energy efficiency.&#x0D; While the GDP, Trade and Urban Population factors have a negative and significant relationship to energy intensity. However, FDI does not have a significant effect on energy intensity in G20 countries. The government should consider policies to reduce dependence on intensive energy, especially in sector that have a negative relation with energy intensity such as GDP, trade and urban population.

BRING ON THE LIGHT: REDUCTION OF THE CORPORATE SHADOW ECONOMY BY TAX REFORM

Background: Our preliminary research shows that tax reform can have a meaningful impact in reducing the corporate shadow economy of a society. Countries are constantly applying lower tax rates to attract large businesses to their territory. They are also trying to improve tax collection efficiency in their jurisdiction area. We study the relationship between the Baltic countries' tax systems and the shadow economy level within their respective economies. Our research examines how economic growth can reduce the corporate shadow economy due to changes in tax collections. Methods: Based on quarterly data from 2002-2022, a panel regression was chosen for the analysis, which allows for determining the impact of each specific tax on the level of the shadow economy separately, considering all three samples as one synergistic system. Results and Conclusions: Thus far, we find that for all types of taxes, the models have the same structure, which allows for comparing the impact of gross domestic product on tax collections both in the short and long term. Our analysis showed that the effective income tax rate growth increases the shadow economy; that is, the country's citizens attempt to move into the shadows. At the same time, the growth of the effective corporate income tax rate, on the contrary, reduces the level of the shadow economy. A positive increase in the effective VAT rate also contributes to the growth of the shadow economy. The long-term effect for general taxes is almost 19% higher than the growth of the tax base. Thus, as to the Lithuanian economy, for example, it has a tendency for a reduction of the shadow economy, which means that there are significant opportunities for further improvement.

A QUANTILE REGRESSION APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, POPULATION GROWTH AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN NIGERIA

Unemployment is one of the major problem that Nigeria is battling with in the face of rising population and economic instability. This research evaluate the impact of Gross Domestic Product, Population Growth and Foreign Direct Investment on the rate of Unemployment. Annual data from the World Bank Open Data spanning from 1991- 2021 were used. Quantile Regression was used for the analysis and results revealed that Gross Domestic Product although not significant impacted negatively on unemployment. Population Growth and Foreign Direct Investment both negatively and significantly impacted on Unemployment thereby reducing the rate of Unemployment. Government should focus more on attracting foreign direct investment, increasing Gross Domestic Product and maximizing the ever growing population to control the rate of unemployment in the country.

Unravelling the dynamics of human development and economic growth on crude oil production based on ARDL and NARDL models

This paper estimates and establishes the causality between the Human Development Index (HDI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation and CO2 emissions on crude oil production (COP) in Cameroon from 1977 to 2019. To do so, the Augmented Dicky-Fuller and Zivot-Andrews stationarity tests, ARDL and NARDL modelling, as well as Toda-Yamamoto causality test are performed. Unlike previous studies on COP, this study incorporates the asymmetric impact (NARDL). The results indicate that CO2 emissions and GDP have a negative impact on COP in the long-run, while HDI and inflation have a positive impact in the short-run. GDP and HDI have a non-linear impact in the short run, while in the long-run inflation and CO2 emissions have a non-linear impact on COP. From these results, it is interesting to note that, in order to allow future generations to benefit from the oil windfall. The diversification of the Cameroonian economy, the control of inflation and the use of less polluting crude oil extraction technologies must be imperative.•A step-by-step procedure of the ARDL, NARDL and causality test is provided.•The multiplier effects of GDP, HDI, inflation and CO2 emissions on COP are simulated.•The impact of GDP and HDI on COP is non-linear

Exploring the Impact of CO2 Emissions, GDP, and Health Expenditure on Individual Life Expectancy

Understanding the link between a person's health spending and their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) can have important effects on policy decisions at both the individual and national level. The research mainly explores the impact of individual CO2 emissions, GDP, and health expenditure on individual life expectancy. The study, through a method of quantitative data analysis, analyses existing data and explores the relationships between independent variables and dependent variables. The author uses the decision tree model and a linear regression model to predict the impact of these factors on life expectancy. The study aims to understand the trends and patterns in the distribution and outliers of individual GDP/CO2 Emissions/Life Expectancy/Health Expenditure datasets across 261 countries from 2000 to 2019. The research finds that individual health expenditure has a positive impact on individual life expectancy, while GDP level and CO2 emissions have a negative impact. The study also explores the greatest impact of these independent variables on an individual's life expectancy and how changing the maximum depth of the decision tree affects model accuracy and feature importance. Overall, the study provides insights into the relationships between these variables and their impact on individual life expectancy, which has important implications for policy and interventions aimed at promoting public health and environmental sustainability.