Impact Of Government Policies Research Articles

A Cross-Cultural Study on the Effects of Government Control Policies on Mobility in COVID-19

This study sought to explore the impact of government policies aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19, such as social distancing and quarantine, on the reduction in the mobility of people and the role of national culture in moderating this effect. To test this hypothesis, this study collected 21,150 sets of data from 57 countries worldwide and analyzed them using a multilevel growth model. In addition, the number of COVID-19-infected people, the number of people vaccinated, number of days since the first COVID-19, median age by country, population density, total population, and GDP per capita, which can affect mobility, were added as control variables in the study model. Notably, the results of our analysis revealed that the stringency of government policies had a negative effect on mobility and that this effect differed according to cultural characteristics. The findings of the current study have the following implications. First, differences between countries were explained by exploring the effectiveness of government policies in preventing the increase in infectious diseases based on a cultural perspective. Second, the results of this study provide policy implications that international policy makers can refer to apart from the context of the COVID-19 epidemic by presenting country-specific differences in government policies.

Effectiveness of policies for electric commercial vehicle adoption and emission reduction in the logistics industry

Electric commercial vehicles (ECVs) offer a promising solution to reduce carbon emissions, but barriers like high purchase costs, limited range, long charging times, and battery degradation hinder their adoption. This research develops a mathematical model to explore the impact of government policies, specifically carbon tax policy and the cap-and-trade mechanism, with or without purchase subsidy, on the mixed fleet configuration of electric and internal combustion commercial vehicles. Through a comparative analysis based on a real case in Shenzhen, this research provides insights into the impact of policies on ECV adoption and emission reduction. The findings indicate that higher tax rates and carbon prices effectively promote ECV adoption, while the carbon emission quota does not. When choosing policies, the government should consider its situation and objectives. Combining cap-and-trade mechanisms with purchase subsidies is the most effective for ECV adoption and emission reduction, assuming financially feasible. Alternatively, implementing a carbon tax policy without purchase subsidy is more practical. The cap-and-trade mechanism in the long term supports the phase-out of purchase subsidies and contributes to sustainable economic and environmental development. What's more, the findings provide guides for the government to determine an appropriate industry regulator factor when allocating quotas for the logistics industry.

Analysis of the Impact of Government Policy, Technological Innovation, and Availability of Business Capital on the Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia

This research studies the complex relationships between government policies, technological innovation, availability of venture capital, and the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), this research analyses data from a sample of 130 SMEs across different industries and regions. The measurement model assessment confirmed the reliability and validity of the constructs, while the structural model analysis revealed significant positive relationships between government policy effectiveness, technological innovation, venture capital availability, and SME growth. The robustness of the findings was confirmed through bootstrapping, and the model fit index validated the adequacy of the estimated model. The R-squared values indicate the ability of the model to explain most of the variance in SME growth. Hypothesis testing further corroborated the significant impact of Availability of Venture Capital, Government Policies, and Technological Innovation on SME growth. The implications of these findings extend to policymakers, business owners, and stakeholders, guiding the formulation of strategies that foster an enabling environment for SMEs in Indonesia.

NORTH MACEDONIA AS AN EMERGING INNOVATOR

Innovation plays a vital role in advancing economic growth, benefiting consumers, businesses, and the overall economy. Economically, it involves the creation of new products and/or services, the implementation of novel ideas to enhance goods and services, or the integration of new technologies into production processes. Therefore, to thrive in the business world, organizations must innovate. Their survival hinges on the ability to introduce innovations, essential for maintaining a stable and attractive position in the market. Innovations can happen in any area or level of an organization – from manufacturing a tiny electronic component, to introducing a groundbreaking product line, to creating a disruptive business model. Another significant aspect to consider is the impact of government policies on innovation. Hence, its support for businesses is crucial. The purpose of this paper is to examine North Macedonia’s innovation standing within the EU relative to other countries in the region. It aims to analyze the trends over the years, identify the factors influencing performance, assess the reasons behind the results, highlight the country’s strengths, and pinpoint areas that need improvement to align with countries with higher innovation scores, as assessed by the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS). The EIS offers a comparative evaluation of the research and innovation performance among European countries. North Macedonia’s indicator (46.3) ranks among the lowest, although there has been a significant improvement in the last year, narrowing the difference performance and that of the EU. However, there is still much work to be done. The study’s purpose is to identify the areas on which businesses and the government should focus in the future.

Exploring the Influence of Government Policy on Entrepreneurship Development

Government policy plays a crucial role in fostering thriving corporate efforts. This study explores the impact of government policy in promoting entrepreneurship and its economic outcomes. The study showed a positive link between entrepreneurship and economic growth, highlighting the crucial role of favourable government policy in catalysing entrepreneurship development. Despite entrepreneurship recognition, its growth is constrained by several factors, such as laws, regulations, and rules. The paper prioritised entrepreneurship as vital for any national economy to thrive, establishing a basis for more studies on entrepreneurial practices and policies, to aid scholars, academics, and practitioners in comprehending the link between entrepreneurship, government policy, and economic growth. Data was obtained from empirical studies, conceptual clarifications, and content analysis of secondary data. Hence, the impact of government policy on entrepreneurship and economic growth is a critical field of study, with implications for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and the global nation’s economic growth.

Nigeria Exchange Rate: Towards Nigeria’s Exchange Rate Convergence to Pre-Buhari Years

This paper explores the trajectory of Nigeria’s exchange rate policies, examining their evolution and impacts on the Naira’s value. From the fixed exchange rate era to the recent Unified Exchange Rate System, the study dissects historical shifts and their repercussions on the economy. The Nigerian exchange rate regime has gone through different eras from 1970s till date. Various factors necessitated the need for exchange rate policy changes; however, the result of the policy changes have over the years been eroded and its value has been on a continuous decline. Key factors contributing to the Naira’s persistent decline, including import dependency, reduced oil production, and inflation, are scrutinized. The role of currency speculation and the impact of government policies are also analyzed. The paper recommends short-term measures, such as adjusting exchange rate policies and lifting import restrictions, and long-term solutions, including infrastructure development and sectoral growth. The government should monitor the behavior of the exchange rate market closely and ensure interventions using both fiscal and monetary policies are implemented to fortify Nigeria’s economic resilience and counter the continuous depreciation of the Naira. Keywords: Exchange Rate, Exchange rate regime, globalization, fiscal policy.

An Exploratory Study on the Brain Drain Within the Higher Education: A Case of Private Universities in Sichuan Province, China

This paper presents an exploratory study on the phenomenon of brain drain within the higher education sector, focusing specifically on private universities situated in Sichuan Province, China. Brain drain, the emigration of highly skilled individuals from one region or country to another, has been a growing concern globally, impacting various sectors including academia. Private universities in China, despite their significant contributions to the higher education landscape, face unique challenges related to talent retention and attraction, which have implications for regional development and competitiveness. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study aims to investigate the factors contributing to brain drain among faculty and researchers within private universities in Sichuan Province. Through surveys and interviews conducted with faculty members, administrators, and key stakeholders, the study examines the push and pull factors influencing their decisions to migrate or remain within the institution and region. Additionally, the study explores the impact of government policies, institutional strategies, and socio-economic factors on brain drain dynamics. Preliminary findings suggest that factors such as inadequate research funding, limited career advancement opportunities, disparities in compensation, and perceived lack of academic freedom contribute to the brain drain phenomenon within private universities in Sichuan Province. Furthermore, the study identifies strategies and interventions that may mitigate brain drain and enhance talent retention, including targeted investment in research infrastructure, competitive compensation packages, professional development opportunities, and supportive institutional policies. By shedding light on the challenges and dynamics of brain drain within private higher education institutions in Sichuan Province, this study contributes to the existing literature on talent mobility and regional development. The findings may inform policymakers, university administrators, and stakeholders in devising effective strategies to address brain drain, foster talent retention, and promote sustainable development in the higher education sector. Further research is recommended to validate and extend the findings of this exploratory study.

The Influence of Government Policy on Tourism Public Relations

This research focuses on the role of Public Relations (PR) in the tourism industry, specifically in the context of government policy influence. The study employs descriptive research to analyse the impact of government policies on PR functions and strategies within the tourism sector. Additionally, a SWOT analysis is conducted to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by the tourism industry in Indonesia. The findings highlight the importance of effective PR strategies in building and maintaining positive relationships with various stakeholders, including the government, the media, and the public. The research suggests that PR practitioners in the tourism sector should enhance issue management, crisis response, and adaptability to technological advancements. Furthermore, the study recommends improving communication effectiveness to benefit all stakeholders involved in tourism activities. Overall, the research contributes to understanding the intricate relationship between government policies, PR practices, and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Financing Challenges and Strategies for Small-Scale Industries

Abstract: Small-scale industries (SSIs) constitute a vital sector in India's economic landscape, contributing significantly to employment and fostering entrepreneurship. However, SSIs face persistent challenges in accessing adequate financing, impacting their growth potential. This research investigates the financing landscape of SSIs in India, specifically focusing on Lucknow as a case study. Through a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews, the study explores the challenges faced by SSIs, evaluates various financing mechanisms, and assesses the impact of government policies. Findings highlight high-interest rates, collateral requirements, and financial literacy as major challenges. Bank loans dominate as a financing source, while microfinance and government schemes play substantial roles. The Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme receives positive feedback. The study contributes valuable insights to policymakers and stakeholders working towards enhancing financial inclusion for SSIs.

Impact of government policies on fashion industry profit generation using exponential smoothing models

Impact of government policies on fashion industry profit generation using exponential smoothing models

A review on unveiling the impact of government policies on Rajasthan’s startup ecosystem

This study examines the critical influence of state-led policies on the development and nurturing of the startup ecosystem in Rajasthan, India, underscoring a strategic deployment of initiatives such as the 2015 Rajasthan Startup Policy, the iStart Rajasthan platform, the Bhamashah Techno Fund, and the Digital Rajasthan projects. Aimed at bolstering entrepreneurial ventures through financial backing, regulatory streamlining, incubation support, and digital infrastructure enhancement, these government interventions collectively foster a conducive atmosphere for startups. This investigation reveals the effectiveness of these comprehensive efforts in cultivating an environment that not only stimulates innovation but also ensures startups’ access to crucial resources and generates employment opportunities across a spectrum of sectors. The findings of this review paper highlight the indispensable role of policy frameworks in fostering vibrant startup ecosystems and provide deep insights into the interplay between governmental policy initiatives and the growth of entrepreneurial ventures.

THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT POLITICAL DECISIONS ON ACCESS TO RECREATIONAL FACILITIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE LEISURE PREFERENCES OF YOUNG PEOPLE

Purpose. Determining the impact of government policy in the field of applicable restrictions on access to recreational facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic on leisure behaviours (on the example of physical activity and the use of social media) of young people attending secondary schools and higher education facilities in Kraków (Poland).Method. The main research method used in the research process was a diagnostic online targeted population survey using the questionnaire technique. The research was conducted between 29 January and 26 March 2021 on a sample of secondary school and university students in Kraków (with particular emphasis on students from the University of Physical Education in Kraków). The survey resulted in 1,714 correctly completed questionnaires. An auxiliary research method was using focus group interviews conducted via the Internet.Findings. Government policies regarding the restrictions introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic affected the leisure activities of young people. They were generally less physically active than prior to the pandemic. In addition, the restrictions affected the selected forms of physical activity in free time – young people preferred mainly walks and hiking. At the same time, most of the respondents indicated spending more time on social media than they did before the pandemic. They used it to maintain social contacts with family and friends, as well as for entertainment, educational and professional purposes.Research conclusions and limitations. The empirical research concerns only secondary school and university students from Kraków and covers only the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.Practical implications. The results of the research can be used by decision-making institutions in the scope of introducing restrictions on the functioning of the State (e.g. the Ministry of Health), as they indicate consequences of specific restrictions. The article may also be helpful for institutions organising leisure time, such as the Society for the Promotion of Physical Culture, the Polish Scouting Association, sports and recreation centres or local cultural centres. It will enable them to adapt their offer to leisure behaviours preferred by young people during lockdowns.Originality. The study of leisure behaviours relates to the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, making it novel and not previously studied or analysed.Type of paper. Article presenting the results of an empirical study.

Innovation and Organizational Performance in Nigerian Startups: A Study of Selected Entrepreneurial Ventures

The Nigerian startup ecosystem has emerged as a dynamic player in the global entrepreneurial landscape. However, the path to success is fraught with unique challenges, and understanding the drivers of innovation and organizational performance is paramount. This study aims to investigate these critical factors within the Nigerian context. The central objectives of this research are to explore the relationship between access to technology, human capital, and financial resources and innovation; assess the efficacy of context-specific performance metrics in representing organizational performance; examine the impact of government policies and a supportive ecosystem on innovation and organizational performance; and scrutinize sectoral variations in the innovation-performance relationship within Nigerian startups. A quantitative research design was employed, using a stratified random sampling technique to ensure sectoral representation. Survey data, paired with statistical analyses, were used to test hypotheses and generate insights from the findings. The results of the study provide valuable insights into the Nigerian startup ecosystem. The findings highlight the significance of resource allocation, context-specific performance metrics, government support, and sector-specific strategies. Access to technology, human capital, and financial resources positively influences innovation, while context-specific performance metrics enhance organizational performance assessment. Government policies and a supportive ecosystem have a positive impact on innovation and performance. Sectoral variations necessitate tailored strategies. The study recommends strategic resource allocation, adoption of context-specific metrics, collaboration with government initiatives, and sector-specific focus to enhance startup success. These recommendations are instrumental for startups, policymakers, and stakeholders in the Nigerian entrepreneurial ecosystem. Keywords: ecosystem, entrepreneurship, performance, innovation, startup

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

Public sector banks (PSBs) play a crucial role in economic development by providing financial intermediation, facilitating capital formation, and promoting financial inclusion. This paper explores the role of PSBs in Indias economic development from 2018 to 2022, focusing on four major PSBs: State Bank of India (SBI), Punjab National Bank (PNB), Bank of Baroda (BoB), and Canara Bank. The paper examines the financial performance, credit growth, and economic impact of these banks during the specified period. Additionally, the paper evaluates the impact of government policies on the functioning of PSBs and their role in economic development. The findings of the paper suggest that PSBs have played a significant role in Indias economic development, particularly in terms of providing financial access to underserved sectors and promoting financial inclusion. However, PSBs face challenges related to asset quality, profitability, and efficiency. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for continued reforms to strengthen PSBs and enhance their contribution to Indias economic development.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Impact of Government Policies on Sustainable Agriculture Business in the Context of Sustainability

This paper conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the evolving landscape of sustainable agriculture business in the context of government policies. The study delves into the multifaceted realm of agribusiness, examining its global significance, economic impacts, and the challenges it faces, particularly in the transition to Agriculture 4.0. The paper highlights the intricate relationship between government policies and the sustainability of agriculture businesses, addressing barriers, technological advancements, and the growing complexity of global agri-food systems. Notably, the implications for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers are elucidated, offering strategic insights for each stakeholder group. The research aims to answer three fundamental questions: the classification of existing research, identification of research trends, and the exploration of potential future research opportunities. Employing bibliometric techniques, the study presents a mapping of terms, overlay visualizations, and density visualizations to unravel the interconnectedness of research clusters and their temporal evolution. Additionally, the paper identifies the most highly cited articles and explores the thematic priorities within the discourse on sustainable agriculture and farm-related issues. Comparative analyses with previous studies in related domains contribute to a deeper understanding of the current research landscape. The findings provide actionable insights for practitioners, inform evidence-based policymaking, and guide future research endeavors in the dynamic field of sustainable agriculture business.

The impact of government policy, natural resources and ecological innovations on energy transition and environmental sustainability: Insights from China

This study examines the significant ecological consequences of the correlation between plentiful natural resources and ecological pollution. This study seeks to analyze the influence of natural resources, economic integration, eco-innovation, and clean energy on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) phenomenon within the context of China. The researchers use a state-of-the-art dynamic autoregressive distributive lag (D-ARDL) to examine the dataset from 1981 to 2021. Using this method, they are able to produce models that represent the contributing variables, including both positive and negative elements. According to the findings, ecological degradation tends to slow down when natural resources are used, but environmental health is negatively impacted by economic integration. Maintaining ecological balance is largely dependent on the acceptance of eco-innovations and the promotion of energy efficiency. This research provides actual evidence in favors of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, especially in rapidly developing economies such as China. Furthermore, it promotes the use of strict legal measures as a successful strategy for restoring ecological integrity.

The Effect of Government Policies on the Success of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Regional Development in North Tapanuli Regency

This research delves into the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector in North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, focusing on the impact of government policies on the success of MSMEs. The research, conducted from October 2023, utilizes interviews and documentation as data collection methods. From a total of 39,856 MSME units, a simple random sample of 100 respondents was selected using the slovin pattern. Key variables include Monetary Policy (X1), Fiscal Policy (X2), and MSME Success (Y1). Monetary Policy is related to People's Business Credit, while Fiscal Policy includes aspects of taxation and financing. MSME success is measured through growth, product value, funding access, information, business expansion, market penetration, and social, cultural, and economic impact. Data analysis employs Partial Least Square (PLS) to identify the impact of government policies. Results reflect a positive contribution of fiscal and monetary policies to MSME success. Model evaluation considers validity and reliability, while the contribution of MSMEs to the Regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is analyzed through Proportional Analysis. This research adopts a holistic approach, combining qualitative and quantitative elements to provide an in-depth understanding of the role of MSMEs in North Tapanuli Regency and its implications for the regional GDP. The findings aim to serve as a policy foundation for the local government in supporting the growth and sustainability of MSMEs.

Book Review "The Economics Anti-Textbook: A Critical Thinker’s Guide to Microeconomics Authors: Rod Hill and Tony Myatt"

The book titled "The Economics Anti-Textbook: A Critical Thinker’s Guide to Microeconomics" by Rod Hill and Tony Myatt offers a thorough critique of mainstream microeconomic theories typically presented in traditional textbooks. Structured with a unique approach, each chapter is divided into two sections: the standard text and the critical text title. This dual presentation provides readers with an insightful comparison, where the authors systematically challenge and question the assumptions and narratives commonly found in economic education. The book covers a wide range of topics, including market structures, efficiency, externalities, income distribution, government intervention, and globalization. Notably, the authors debunk the idealization of perfect competition, underscore the importance of externalities and market failures, and scrutinize the marginal productivity theory of income distribution. Furthermore, they analyze the impact of government policies on income redistribution and assess the implications of global trade and globalization. Throughout the book, the authors advocate for a more nuanced and realistic understanding of economic phenomena, urging readers to incorporate ethical considerations, environmental concerns, and power dynamics into their economic analyses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the book's central themes, emphasizing its unique structure and critical perspective on traditional economic teachings.

Potential of the Crypto Market in China

This paper provides an overview of cryptocurrencies, their current status in China and Hong Kong, a prediction of their impact on Chinese enterprises and financial markets, and describes the impact of government policies. It also discusses suggestions for changing the regulatory paradigm of digital cryptocurrencies in China. The study aims to explore the best policy direction for the development of the cryptocurrency market in mainland China. Key points include the strict stance of the Chinese government towards cryptocurrencies, the growing interest in cryptocurrencies in Hong Kong, and the impact of government policies on the cryptocurrency market in both regions. It also highlights the need for China to adjust its policies to benefit from the development of digital technology. Additionally, it suggests policy recommendations for the future development of the cryptocurrency market in mainland China, such as prudent supervision, technology-driven supervision, and strengthening the security requirements of digital cryptocurrency service providers.

Legal Protection for Foreign Investment in the Disruptive Era in Indonesia

Objective: In this section, the primary goal and purpose of the discussion will be outlined. The objective is to examine the challenges and opportunities presented by the era of disruption, specifically in the context of foreign investment in Indonesia.
 
 Methods: This section will detail the approaches and strategies used to address the challenges identified in the objective. It will cover government policies, legal frameworks, and collaborative efforts between different entities to create a conducive environment for foreign investors.
 
 Results: Under this heading, the outcomes of the implemented methods will be presented. This may include the impact of government policies, improvements in investment security, and any notable changes in the investment landscape in Indonesia.
 
 Conclusion: The conclusion will summarize the key findings and insights derived from the examination of the era of disruption and its implications for foreign investment in Indonesia. It will also highlight the importance of ongoing cooperation between the government, regional authorities, and local communities for sustaining a secure investment environment.