Impact Of Gender-based Violence Research Articles

Impact of Gender-based Violence on Local Economy: A Case Study of Gasabo District

Aim: Gender-based violence (GBV) poses a significant challenge to economic development, particularly in regions such as Gasabo District in Rwanda, which has seen remarkable post-genocide recovery and growth. Despite progress, the intricate relationship between GBV and economic outcomes remains understudied, necessitating further investigation. This study addresses the gap in understanding the economic implications such as workforce productivity, healthcare expenditures, and educational attainment of GBV in Gasabo District. Methods: Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines quantitative and qualitative research methodology to comprehensively assess the prevalence and consequences of GBV in Gasabo District. A sample size of 400 participants was selected using stratified sampling techniques, with data collected through self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews with survivors and stakeholders. Results: findings reveal alarming statistics on the prevalence and economic toll of GBV in Gasabo District. Among the respondents, 58.5% reported no experience with GBV during their lifetime, with physical violence (35.5%) most frequent type. Economic consequences were substantial, with 28.8% reporting reduced productivity due to GBV. A significant association between GBV and economic consequences, with chi-square test results revealing a strong correlation (chi-square = 46.949, p < 0.001) between experiencing GBV and reported economic impacts. Conclusion: The study highlights the urgent need for evidence-based interventions to address GBV and its economic repercussions in Gasabo District by implementing comprehensive awareness and education programs to increase understanding of gender-based violence (GBV) and promote zero tolerance for violence

Gender-based violence and impact on women’s mental health

Objective: To describe gender-based violence and its impact on women's mental health. Method: It consists of an integrative review, carried out based on the following guiding question: What impacts does gender-based violence have on women's mental health? using the PICO strategy, where “p” population: Women who suffer or have suffered gender-based violence, “I” interest: Assessment of the influence of gender-based violence on women’s mental health, and “C” and “O” context: Impact of gender-based violence on women's mental health. An advanced search was used through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), crossing the descriptors using the Boolean operator “AND” and “OR”. Results: The final sample consisted of 6 articles, which resulted in 2 categories: Post-traumatic growth and gender-based violence; Violence against women and mental illness. Conclusion: It is understood that the support of the multidisciplinary team is of great importance when providing care to women who have suffered gender-based violence. Comprehensive support must be offered to women and they must be welcomed, having full knowledge of policies and laws. that cover up the victims. In the research, few articles were observed on the proposed topic, greater attention is needed in research on the topic, ensuring that the topic covered is extremely relevant.

Gender-based violence and associated factors among female sex workers in Ethiopia. Evidence from The National Bio-behavioral Survey, 2020.

Gender-based violence (GBV) is usually defined as unequal power relations between men and women, which poses a widespread public health problem. The study evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with GBV among female sex workers (FSWs) in Ethiopia. We used cross-sectional bio-behavioral data collected using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in 2020 from 16 towns in Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics was analyzed to summarize the study population characteristics and prevalence of GBV, and a multilevel logistic regression model was applied to identify associated factors for GBV. A p-value of ≤0.05 was used as a threshold for statistical significance. Of 6,085 participants, 28.1% had experienced GBV during the last 12 months, among which 12.7% and 22.3% experienced physical and sexual violence, respectively. FSWs aged 15-24, and 25-34 than those 35 years or more, had a non-paying than paying partners, had 31-60, 61-90, and over 91 than those had less than 30 paying partners, ever had anal sex than those not, condom failure than those not, mobile female sex workers when compared with those not mobile at different town; 3-5 and ≥ 6 years than those less than 3 years stayed in selling sex, street-based, and multiple places selling sex than those used other venues were significantly associated with GBV. Gender-based violence is a substantial problem among FSWs in Ethiopia, with significant implications for program planning on prevention and response to mitigate the occurrence and impact of GBV among FSWs.

‘It’s a lot of shame’: understanding the impact of gender-based violence on higher education access and participation

ABSTRACT This paper draws on new empirical research examining the impact of gender-based violence (GBV) on students' experiences of higher education. While GBV across the life-course is an extremely prevalent and pressing social problem, it has been invisible within higher education. Indeed, experiences of GBV, which may profoundly shape access to and participation in higher education, are largely perceived as irrelevant to student equity, unless experienced on campus. Institutional silence around the impact of GBV on student equity is related to the gender injustice of misrecognition, whereby the social problem of GBV is located at the personal level. This manifests in the social emotion of shame, experienced at the personal level as disconnection, isolation and not belonging. This paper draws from our analysis of 47 in-depth interviews with student victim/survivors exploring their experiences of higher education to illuminate how deficit discourses and stigmatisation intersect to reproduce gender injustice in higher education.

Impact of Gender-Based Violence on Community Development: Case Study of Rumonge Commune (Burundi)

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global problem that affectswomen and girls of all races, colors, and creeds. It occurs across all socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds, and in many societies, including Burundidespite different international, regional, and national instruments ratified toprotect women against GBV and its effects. This study conducted with 96individuals selected using Alain Bouchard’s technic highlights the impact ofgender-based violence (GBV) on community development and provides somesuggestions for action in remedy to gender-based violence persistence forcommunity development. It specifically shows the reasons behind thepersistence of gender-based violence in Rumonge Commune and itsimplications on the bad living conditions of families. To achieve this, we optedfor qualitative approaches with the use of the interview guide and quantitativewith the use of a questionnaire administered directly to heads of householdsdistributed in 6 zones of Rumonge Commune. The study found that the reasonsbehind the persistence of GBV in Rumonge are fundamentally linked toBurundian culture and tradition that structure how people have to behave and live in society. In view of the impact of GBV, identified as a constraint toindividual and societal development, this article highlights a set of activitiesto be done to reduce GBV. These include community dialogues around lawsregarding families and development; education and awareness of the impactsand ways to prevent it for community development. Perpetrators must also beproperly prosecuted and victims provided with all the needed resources fortreatment and judicial processes.

Gender-Based Violence and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Predict HIV PrEP Uptake and Persistence Failure Among Transgender and Non-binary Persons Participating in a PrEP Demonstration Project in Southern California.

Gender-based violence (GBV) against transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) persons is a pervasive public health issue. GBV has been linked to mental health problems such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well has risk for HIV seroconversion and HIV treatment nonadherence. However, the impact of GBV on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among TGNB persons has yet to be investigated. In the current study we assessed longitudinal PrEP persistence data from dried blood spots (DBS) collected from 172 racially and ethnically diverse TGNB participants during a 48-week PrEP demonstration project in Southern California from June 2017 to September 2020. Participants were categorized into three levels of PrEP uptake and persistence based on their PrEP levels at the start and end of the study: low-low, high-low, and high-high. Individual-, social-, and structural-level variables were then entered into multinomial logistic regression models to predict levels of PrEP uptake and persistence based on hypotheses informed by syndemic and minority stress theories. The models demonstrated that experience of GBV predicted significantly lower odds of PrEP uptake and persistence and greater PTSD symptoms predicted significantly greater odds of early PrEP discontinuation. Higher levels of coping skills, already being on PrEP at baseline, and being in a steady relationship were associated with greater odds of PrEP uptake and persistence. Implications forfuture GBV research, advocacy, interventions, and much needed structural changes focused on improving the health and safety of TGNB individuals are discussed.

Post gender-based violence care, support services and health outcomes among victims of gender-based violence in Akwa Ibom and Cross-River States Nigeria

Background: Gender-based violence has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, especially younger adults. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States of Nigeria using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population comprised young adults aged 15-39 years in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States. The principal researcher and three field assistants administered 426 copies of the questionnaire to respondents. The data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 22. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. Results: The majority of respondents 346(83.8%) knew that gender-based violence affects the health and wellbeing of victims; there were 267(64.6%) young adults who identified that gender-based violence poses both long-term and short-term effects on the health of the victims with 198(47.9%) who have suffered at least, one form of gender-based violence. Shame, (32.7%), anger, (27.8%), Bruises/injuries (25.2%) and low self-esteem (22.5) were the most frequently reported physical and emotional health effects of GBV. Many do not seek care due to shame. For those who sought care, counseling 97(49%), HIV/AIDS counselling and screening 66 (33.3%), STI screening 52(26.2%), and oral pills 24(12.2%) were some of the services accessed by victims. Discussion: This finding is consistent with reports from other GBV studies whose respondents suffered depression (48.8%), fear and anxiety (31.0%), which they argued were more serious conditions than the physical health impact of gender-based violence. Mental and emotional health outcomes of GBV are mostly invisible to others, making it harder for victims to seek help. Conclusion: Gender-based violence has negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, especially younger adults.

Feminist Protest and the Disruptive Address of Naked Bodies

The strategies with which a new generation of feminist activists have made visible the impact of gender-based violence have rendered bodies legible in the public discourses that challenge the social norms of everyday life in post-apartheid South Africa. This article considers the implications of public nakedness for an understanding of precarity not only as a condition but also as a resource for the politics of resistance. It examines the testimonies of activists involved in the Fallist protests on university campuses in 2016, as well as some antecedents of this form of protest: the women who participated in the Dobsonville township protests of 1990 as seen in the documentary, Uku Hamba ‘Ze – To Walk Naked (Maingard, Meintjes and Thompson 1995), and the protest strategies adopted within the women’s peace movement in Liberia, as recounted in the documentary, Pray the Devil Back to Hell (Disney and Reticker 2008).

Impact of gender-based violence on psychological distress and happiness in León (Nicaragua)

The researchers’ aim for the current study is to analyze the impact of gender-based violence on mental health and happiness. The sample is composed of 136 women victims of intimate partner violence, who were living in poverty. The participants contacted through the country’s Commissariat for Women and Children and other associations working with the National Police from Nicaragua, a country with low levels of development. The results of our structural equation model show that the frequency of abuse has a direct effect on psychological distress and an indirect effect on overall happiness. The deterioration of mental health and social support have a direct effect on overall happiness. Consequently, emotional recovery and social support play an important role in the future of women victims of gender-based violence. This information can be useful to reduce psychological distress and improve care for women in specialized services.

Violence and other social structural factors linked to incarceration for women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver: need for trauma-informed HIV care in prisons and post-Release

ABSTRACT Despite women living with HIV (WLWH) being disproportionately criminalized and overrepresented within correctional facilities, there remains limited longitudinal research with WLWH examining factors that make WLWH vulnerable to incarceration. Data are drawn from SHAWNA (Sexual health and HIV/AIDS: Women's Longitudinal Needs Assessment), a community-based research cohort with cisgender and transgender WLWH in Metro Vancouver, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression using generalized estimating equations (GEE) and an exchangeable working correlation matrix was used to prospectively model correlates of recent incarceration exposure over a seven-year period. Amongst 289 WLWH, 76% had been incarcerated in their lifetime, and 17% had experienced recent incarceration. In multivariable GEE analysis, younger age (AOR: 0.92 per year older, 95% CI: 0.89–0.96), recent homelessness (AOR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.46–5.41), recent gender-based (physical and/or sexual) violence (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.20–4.22) and recent opioid use (AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.00–3.36), were significantly associated with recent incarceration. Lifetime exposure to gender-based violence by police (AOR: 1.97, CI: 0.97–4.02) was marginally associated with increased odds of recent incarceration. This research suggests a critical need for trauma-informed interventions for WLWH during and following incarceration. Interventions must be gender specific, include housing and substance use supports, and address the impact of gender-based violence.

Driving Improvements in Child Protection and Safeguarding Practice

Driving Improvements in Child Protection and Safeguarding Practice

Gender-based violence and engagement in biomedical HIV prevention, care and treatment: a scoping review

BackgroundWhile gender-based violence (GBV) has been shown to increase women’s risk of HIV acquisition, the role of GBV in the HIV testing to care continuum is less clear. Clarifying how GBV may act as a barrier to accessing HIV services, treatment and care - such as anti-retroviral treatment (ART) or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) - will not only provide insights into how to best meet individual women’s HIV care needs, but also inform public health oriented HIV epidemic control strategies.MethodsThrough a comprehensive scoping review, we synthesized and analyzed existing evidence regarding the influence of GBV on engagement in PrEP and the HIV care continuum among women living with HIV, including members of key populations (female sex workers, transgender women and women who use drugs). We explored PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for peer-reviewed studies published in 2003–2017. Of the 279 sources identified, a subset of 51 sources met the criteria and were included in the scoping review.ResultsStudies were identified from 17 countries. The majority of studies utilized quantitative cross-sectional designs (n = 33), with the rest using longitudinal (n = 4), qualitative (n = 10) or mixed methods (n = 4) designs. Taken together, findings suggest that GBV impedes women’s uptake of HIV testing, care, and treatment, yet this can vary across different geographic and epidemic settings. Substantial gaps in the literature do still exist, including studies on the impact of GBV on engagement in PrEP, and research among key populations.ConclusionsThis scoping review contributes to our knowledge regarding the role GBV plays in women’s engagement in PrEP and the HIV care continuum. Findings reveal the need for more longitudinal research to provide insights into the causal pathways linking GBV and HIV care and treatment outcomes. Research is also needed to illuminate the impact of GBV on PrEP use and adherence as well as the impact of GBV on engagement along the HIV care continuum among key populations. It is critical that programs and research keep pace with these findings in order to reduce the global burden of GBV and HIV among women.

Work Experiences of Women Survivors: Insights From the Capabilities Approach

The study presented in this article applied the capabilities approach to the experiences of low-income women survivors of gender-based violence, who worked in the formal and informal economies. Nine women were interviewed about their work histories, alternative resource-generating strategies, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of work, and the impact of gender-based violence on their work lives. The authors vetted these experiences through the lens of Nussbaum's 10 human-functioning capabilities and found that 9 of the 10 capabilities were salient in the lives of these women. Implications for social welfare policy and practice with low-income women survivors are offered.

Rethinking gender-based violence during war: Is violence against civilian men a problem worth addressing?

Gender-based violence during conflict and post-conflict situations has received increased attention in research and in the work of development agencies. Viewed primarily as a form of violence against women, this commentary questions whether male civilians have also been victims of gender-based violence during conflict, invisible due to stereotypes surrounding masculinity and a culturally permissive approach towards violence perpetrated against men, especially at times of war. The experience of civilian males of violence, including sexual violence, during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina and other contemporary wars, suggests that the discourse on gender-based violence and public health research should begin exploring the specific needs of men. Drawing on Nancy Krieger's (Krieger, N. (2003). Genders, sexes, and health: what are the connections—and why does it matter? International Journal of Epidemiology, 32, 652–657) analysis on the differential role of ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ on a given exposure-outcome association, this commentary suggests that the impact of gender-based violence on health during conflict may be different for men and women and may require distinct therapeutic approaches. Given that perpetrators are often male, an extra level of stigma is added when heterosexual men are sexually violated, which may lead to underreporting and reduced health-service seeking behavior. Further public health research is needed to guide the work of humanitarian agencies working with survivors of gender-based violence in conflict and post-conflict settings to ensure equal access to appropriate health services for men and women.