Impact Of Expert Systems Research Articles

The Impact of Expert Systems on Enhancing the General Controls over the Computerized Accounting Information Systems

This study aimed to identify the impact of expert systems in improving the general controls of computerized accounting information systems in the Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange. To achieve this goal, the researchers depended on the descriptive and analytical approaches. The study population consisted of all Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies and the study sample was selected from companies using the expert systems, numbering 32 companies. A questionnaire was formulated and 140 copies were distributed. SPSS was used to analyze data. The researchers found that there is an impact of expert systems in improving the general controls of the computerized accounting information systems four pillars, regulatory controls , access controls, controls the security of files, and documentation of controls and the development and maintenance of devices. Based on the result, the researchers recommended that there is a need of developing training programs for the staff of the Jordanian industrial companies to increase their awareness and understanding of the uses of expert systems, as this could assist them in avoiding errors during system use and consequently lead to strengthening general controls in the companies.

Assessing the impact of expert systems: The experiences of a small firm

Abstract The impacts of information processing technologies have been the subject of considerable debate for some time now. Several alternate views to assessing impacts have been proposed, predominantly in the context of management information and decision support systems. In the case of expert systems technology, the few systems described in the literature have primarily been deployed in large firms with significant resource outlays. This article details the significant impact of expert systems technology on a small firm—a regional credit union. Employing an assessment framework that examines the effects of information technology at the level of both product and process, impact is assessed along two orthogonal dimensions of breadth (local and global effects) and depth (direct and induced effects). Furthermore, the framework suggests how a longitudinal evaluation that allows for a consideration of both system impact and potential obsolescence may be conducted. Although the framework is used here to assess the impact of a specific application, it has broader applicability to other types of systems as well.

Impact of expert systems: the technique dimension

Techniques used in expert system development and techniques used in the problem domain are examined. Three stages are distinguished and discussed: predevelopment, during development, and postdevelopment. Consequences of expert systems for education are considered. It is concluded that examining the social impact of expert systems by examining the technology related to expert system development is vital. >

Expert Systems and Their Potential Uses in Social Work

Expert systems are computer programs that embody the expertise of human experts in order to consult on real World problems. Although the technology is still somewhat new and evolving, it appears that expert systems could be used in social services in the following ways: (1) to make expertise on important problems more widely available, (2) to train practitioners in new intervention methods, (3) to enhance the consistency with which interventions are applied, (4) to mine and refine practice wisdom, and (5) to develop and test practice theory. Legal and professional issues pertaining to how expert systems should be used in practice are still unresolved, and the impact of expert systems use on practice needs to be systematically evaluated.

Technology, work, and the organization: the impact of expert systems

This article examines the near-term impact of expert system technology on work and the organization. First, an approach is taken for forecasting the likely extent of the diffusion, or success, of the technology. Next, the case of advanced manufacturing technologies and their effects is considered. From this analysis, a framework is constructed for viewing the impact of these technologies -- and technologies in general -- as a function of the technology itself; market realities; and personal, organizational, and societal values and policy choices. Two scenarios are proposed with respect to the application of this framework to expert systems. The first concludes that expert systems will have little impact on the nature of work and the organization. The second scenario posits that expert system diffusion will be pulled by, and will be a contributing factor toward, the evolution of the lean, flexible, knowledge-intensive, postindustrial organization.

Impact of expert systems on microgravity experimentation: Towards third-generation facilities

The extensive use of Expert Systems in Microgravity Experimentation can produce many benefits in terms of: optimum utilization of on-board resources , time reduction in the experiment preparation, technical and operational support to PI and PS during the execution of the experiment. The functions performed by the μg Investigators during the entire Experiment life cycle have been pointed out and analyzed in a Functional Taxonomy. The more suitable activities which will be carried out by E/S have been highlighted and some E/Ss have been outlined. A very promising system used to assist the Investigator during the performance of the experiment has been developed. It is based on a model blackboard architecture Expert System which is able to efficiently integrate different aspects of the entire field related to Fluid Science Facility. This system acts as an Experiment Assistant, performing a number of different support activities such as decisional support, explanation of the facility behaviour, aid in the fault detection and other functions described below. An overall description of this system and of its different knowledge sources considered are discussed. An example of its application during a dialogue session is reported.

Knowledge-based systems for cutting stock problems

In this paper, various methods proposed for the solution of cutting stock problems are reviewed. The impact of expert systems and artificial intelligence on solving these problems is assessed. An intelligent system architecture is proposed. The structure uses knowledge-based scheduling concepts and provides a basis for exploring integration of expert systems and operations research techniques in generating cutting patterns with minimum scrap.

Expert systems and women's lives: A technology assessment

Expert systems are a new family of software systems which have arisen from longer established work in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Expert systems have aroused considerable academic research interest, and are also seen as highly marketable software offerings in certain product markets such as financial services. Although there is a tradition of research on gender and technology, the subject of women and expert systems remains largely unexplored. Yet there are a number of important issues, eg the impact of expert systems in education and on women's employment. How does a novel technology like expert systems reinforce and reproduce gender divisions and what opportunities are there for women to influence the design of new technology? This article documents an approach to the feminist assessment of expert systems which focuses on eliciting and identifying some possible effects on women's roles, and explores some gender assumptions underlying and influencing the shaping of this new technology.

The current impact of expert systems on the accounting profession and some reasons for hesitancy in the adoption for such systems

The current impact of expert systems on the accounting profession and some reasons for hesitancy in the adoption for such systems

The operations explosion

The author discusses the development of operations systems in the context of the evolving communications networks. He examines briefly the developments of the last 20 years. He then describes the issues of overall architecture and of productivity that must be addressed. He mentions the potential impact of expert systems on operations systems. >

Information technology and the management of knowledge

The social sciences lack concepts and theories for an understanding of what new information technology is doing to our society. The article sketches the outlines of a broad historical and comparative approach to this issue: ‘an anthropology of information technology’. At the base is the idea ofexternalisation of knowledge as a historical process. Three main epochs are characterised by externalisation of knowledge through a) spoken language and a social organisation of specialists, b) writing and c) computer programming. The impact of expert systems on learning is also discussed.

The current impact of expert systems on the accounting profession and some reasons for hesitancy in the adoption of such systems

There is a growing awareness of the potential of expert systems in the accounting profession, although the number of applications is limited. This paper assesses whether the profession is dragging its heels, or whether it is being wisely cautious.

Expert Systems in Accountancy: A Review of Some Recent Applications

Abstract This paper assesses the current and likely impact of expert systems on the accounting community. The paper begins by briefly reviewing about twenty financially-oriented systems, including those which model expertise in the sub-domains of auditing, taxation advice, financial planning and business risk assessment. The predominantly narrow view taken by some authors in the literature is noted. An attempt is made to broaden this view by ascertaining why particular classes of application might have been chosen in preference to others, and to comment on the significance of this choice. The number and scope of applications are analysed, and some observations are made on their current state of development. Some conclusions are drawn on the suitability of expert systems for traditional accountancy tasks, and an assessment of their current level of success is made. Their likely future impact is considered and the conclusion is drawn that there are still many stumbling blocks in the way of successful implem...