Impact Of Economic Changes Research Articles

Anomaly Detection in Kuwait Construction Market Data Using Autoencoder Neural Networks

In the ambitiously evolving construction industry of Kuwait, characterised by its vision 2035 and rapid technological integration, there exists a pressing need for advanced analytical frameworks. The pressing need for advanced analytical frameworks in the Kuwait Construction Market arises from the necessity to identify inefficiencies, predict market trends, and enhance decision-making processes. For instance, these frameworks can be used to detect anomalies in investment patterns, forecast the impact of economic changes on project timelines, and optimise resource allocation by analysing labour and material supply data. By leveraging deep learning techniques, such as autoencoder neural networks, stakeholders can gain deeper insights into the market’s complexities and improve strategic planning and operational efficiency. This research paper introduces a deep learning approach utilising an autoencoder neural network to analyse the complexities of the Kuwait Construction Market and identify data irregularities. The construction sector’s significant investment influx and project expansion make it an ideal candidate for deploying sophisticated analytical techniques to detect anomalous patterns indicating inefficiencies or unveiling potential opportunities. Our approach leverages the capabilities of autoencoder architectures to delve into and understand the prevalent patterns in market behaviours. This analysis involves training the autoencoder on historical market data to learn the normal patterns and subsequently using it to identify deviations from these learned patterns. This allows for the detection of anomalies that may lead to operational or financial consequences. We elucidate the mathematical foundations of autoencoders, highlighting their proficiency in managing the complex, multidimensional data typical of the construction industry. Through training on an extensive dataset—comprising variables like market sizes, investment distributions, and project completions—our model demonstrates its ability to pinpoint subtle yet significant anomalies. The outcomes of this study enhance our understanding of deep learning’s pivotal role in construction and building management. Empirically, the model detected anomalies in transaction volumes of lands and houses, highlighting unusual spikes that correlate with specific market activities. These findings demonstrate the autoencoder’s effectiveness in anomaly detection, emphasising its importance in enhancing operational efficiency and strategic planning in the construction industry.

Using Resilience to Analyze Changes in an Industrial Community in China

Besides its systematic identification with disasters and hazards, resilience could be a powerful tool for understanding changes in the built environment. This study analyses the development of the workers’ residential area in one industrial community (IC) in China after its economic transformation. How can a resilience approach help analyse the impact of economic changes in the built environment?
 The ICs first emerged in socialist China in the 1950s and were used to organise social production (factory) and collective life (workers’ residential areas). Although existing research has explored the possible changes in the built environment of ICs before and after economic transformation, these changes that have either taken place or are still taking place have never been quantified. Furthermore, as the most unique and distinctive feature of the built environment, the impact of changes in the level of enclosure of workers’ residential areas after factory bankruptcy has rarely been explored. This study, therefore, uses a resilience approach to analyse the impact of changes in the level of enclosure on the built environment after the factory bankruptcy by taking the case of Shanxi Knitting Factory (SKF) in Taiyuan, China.
 This study seeks to use resilience to understand changes in ICs under the background of China’s economic transformation. The finding shows that the factory bankruptcy significantly impacts the changes in the built environment of its workers’ residential area as well as impacts the level of enclosure in the built environment. With the disappearance of enclosures after the factory bankruptcy, the workers' residential area is gradually shifting from an enclosed, isolated, centralised and self-contained industrial auxiliary facility to an open, diversified and heterogeneous space and gradually integrating into the surrounding neighbourhoods of the city.

Impacts of Economic Development on the Living Conditions of Ethnic Minority People in the Border Region of Northern Vietnam

Purpose: In this study, we examine the effects of the economic development policies of the Vietnamese government on the living conditions of ethnic minority people in the border region of Northern Vietnam. Theoretical framework: We examine the impact of economic changes, societal changes, and environmental improvements on the living conditions of ethnic minority people in the border region of Northern Vietnam. Design/Methodology/Approach: The collected data was subsequently cleaned and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SPSS 20 software. Findings: The results show that the current Vietnamese government’s policies on developing agriculture, industry, trade, and service for ethnic minority people have a diverse impact on their living conditions. In general, agriculture, trade, and service are major fields that benefit the living conditions of ethnic minorities. In contrast, the industry seems to have no effects on improving the standard of living of ethnic minority people in Northern Vietnam. Research, practical & social implications: The results of this study provide suggestion to Vietnamese government on promoting living conditions of ethnic minority people in the border region of Northern Vietnam. Originality/Value: This is the first paper evaluates the impact of the economic development policies of the Vietnamese government on the living conditions of ethnic minority people in the border region of Northern Vietnam.

A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Sales Control on Cross-purchase Intention from the Perspective of Service-sales Ambidexterity in Household Industry

The household industry, as a traditional industry, is also experiencing the impact of economic changes again. Combining the business scenario and internal and external environmental factors, from the perspective of sales control, we mainly analyse the mechanism of action brought about by corporate output control, activity control and capability control on employees' service-sales ambidexterity, explore in depth the effective ways in which sales control affects the formation of consumers' cross-purchase intention, and make up for its shortcomings in relevant theoretical studies. This study uses service and sales staff of three leading household companies as research subjects, explores service-sales ambidexterity using MOA theory and self-determination theory, and introduces resistance to change to moderate the results of the inter-variate effects. An in-depth study is conducted on the mechanism of sales control's influence on consumers' cross-purchase intention, providing a theoretical basis and practical experience for companies and employees to achieve service-sales ambidexterity.

Impacts of Economic Freedom, Health, and Social Expenditures on Well-Being Measured by the Better Life Index in OECD Countries

ABSTRACT The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has developed the Better Life Index (BLI), which is a multidimensional approach to well-being. This study aims to investigate the impact of health and social expenditures as well as the economic freedom index on well-being measured by BLI among 34 OECD countries for 2013–2017 period. We estimated panel models to observe the social and health expenditure effects according to their sources and the overall impact of economic changes among countries. We find that public and private social expenditures have a positive and statistically significant impact on BLI at 1% significance level. Additionally, whereas public health expenditure has a positive and statistically significant impact on BLI at 1% significance level, the effects of private health expenditure are statistically significant at 10% significance level. The economic freedom index has a positive and statistically significant impact on BLI in both models. Both social and health expenditures should take a prominent position in policy debates for a better life.

Economic Change and Occultic Sika Bone: Market Women’s Responses to Increased Financialization in Ghana

AbstractSet in a context where material accumulation is valorized, this article analyzes narratives of sika bone (bad money) as expressions of economic uncertainty by market women operating in an era of increased financialization. The ethnographic evidence supports previous arguments about the impact of economic change in this millennium, a change that fosters both rationality and superstition in equal measure. Salifu proposes that sika bone indicates a sense of uncertainty fostered by economic change in the supply of cash and formal credit, a sentiment that is expressed by applying old notions about occultic means of accumulation to new and equally enigmatic circumstances.

COVID-19 Losses to the Real Estate Market: An Equity Analysis

This is the first paper to estimate the dollar impact of COVID-19 on the aggregate value of United States commercial real estate. With the compounding effects of telecommuting, social distancing, restrictions on commerce, and business closures, few sectors have been as hard hit by the COVID-19 pandemic as commercial real estate. Analyzing traded REITs provides statistical estimates of the decline in United States commercial real estate values. Applying MacroRisk.com's commercial stock valuation models which use key economic factors to value equities, we evaluate the impact of economic changes on commercial real estate values. We find that real estate markets would have likely realized substantially greater declines but for the extreme monetary and fiscal policy pursued during the early months of the pandemic.

A Study on Specialized Pattern of Trade in Service and Dynamic Change in Korea

Purpose - This paper analyzed the specialized patterns and dynamic changes of trade in services in Korea from 2005 to 2019, and suggested the competitiveness of Korean trade in services in the global trade environment will change after COVID-19. Design/Methodology/Approach - We constructed data using detailed classification statistics on trade in services, and applied the Lafay index to analyze specialized patterns. These were verified through Galtonian regression and Markov Transition Probability to measure the stability and volatility of the comparative advantage structure of trade in services in Korea. Findings - The trade pattern in service in Korea is centered around sea transport freight and construction, but the comparative advantage of some new growth services and high value-added services has improved due to the influence of IT and the Korean Wave. In particular, the possibility of a decline in competitiveness among new growth services and high value-added services was higher in service products with intermediate comparative advantages than those with weak comparative advantages. Research Implications - Korea’s trade in services needs policy support to develop co-prosperity while minimizing the impact of economic changes by expanding related IT infrastructure as well as discovering and improving mutual regulations on related services focusing on new growth services and high value-added services.

Statistical Investigation of Early Divorce in Al-Aflaj Governorate, Saudi Arabia

In Al-Aflaj governorate, divorce and separation are perceived to be relatively rare events and available data on the subject has been described as ”quantitative gossip”. While quantitative data are lacking, there is rich multi-disciplinary literature on various aspects of marital stability in Saudi Arabia. This paper draws on this literature to first contextualize the key aspects of marriage and the socio-cultural and to diagnose the problem of early termination of marital status in Al-Aflaj governorate. Following this, the paper presents estimates of prevalence, trends and variations in divorce and separation using a sample of 53 cases of divorce randomly from beneficiaries of the Family Development Association in the province of Al-Aflaj because they include the representation element; they largely reflect the characteristics of cultural, social and economic reasons that led to divorce. Finally, the paper investigates the impact of cultural, economic and social changes on durability of marital stability in Al-Aflaj governorate. The findings reveal an upward trend and significant variations by cultural, economic and social reasons in divorce and separation in Al-Aflaj province. The results show that the absence of dialogue and understanding between the spouses, the addiction of one of the spouses to drugs and the ill treatment of one spouse to the other. The findings show that there are statistically significant differences between males and females views on social and economic reasons.

The impact of economic growth in mortality modelling for selected OECD countries

AbstractThe health of a population is affected by social, environmental, and economic factors. Pension providers and consultants, insurance companies, government agencies and individuals in the developed world have a vested interest in understanding how the economic growth will impact on the life expectancy of their population. Therefore, changes in death rates may occur due to climate and economic changes. In this study, we extend a previous study into excess deaths as a result of climate change to also provide a comprehensive investigation of the impact of economic changes using annual female and male data for 5 developed OECD countries. We find that there is strong negative relationship between mortality index, and climate and economic proxies. This model shows to provide better fitting and forecasting results both for females and males, and for all countries studied.

Research on the causes of smog and the effect of spatial spillover

This paper uses the method of spatial measurement to explore the interaction of smog pollution between local and remote areas in 31 provinces in China and the impact of economic changes. Global spatial correlation analysis shows that there is significant spatial positive correlation of smog pollution, and local spatial correlation shows that the high concentration of pollution is distributed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and adjacent Shandong, Henan, Liaoning, based on environmental Kuznet The curve (also known as the EKC curve) found that smog pollution is closely related to the growth of the main business income, and the inverted U-shaped relationship between smog pollution and economic growth does not exist or has not yet appeared. That is to say, with the growth of the main business, the pollution level is rising continuously. The comprehensive empirical analysis shows that the spatial spillover effect of smog pollution is particularly obvious. The high pollution concentration area is affected by the neighboring areas, and it is difficult to obtain all the benefits from the implementation of environmental regulation. It is imperative to control smog and strengthen inter-regional joint defense.

Globalisation vs the state? Macro- and micro-perspectives on Roman economies

There can be few topics in Roman archaeology and history that are contested with such vigour and widespread interest as the Roman economy. In part, this present situation arises as a legacy of older debates on the significance of ancient economic growth and long-distance trade, in which key twentieth-century figures such as M.I. Finley, M. Rostovtzeff and K. Hopkins continue to loom large and provide compelling insights. More recently, the debate has been re-cast around questions of state involvement vs free markets, and the extent of market integration, as this pair of edited collections demonstrates. On the one hand, Trade, commerce and the state in the Roman World (edited by Andrew Wilson and Alan Bowman, hereafter TCS) takes a big picture view on the role of the Roman state in long-distance trade, arising from a conference that took place in 2009 as part of the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded project, ‘The Economy of the Roman Empire: Integration, Growth and Decline’. In contrast, The economic integration of Roman Italy (edited by Tymon de Haas and Gijs Tol, hereafter EIRI) brings together a series of typically smaller-scale studies focused on understanding the impact of economic changes on rural communities in Roman Italy. It emerges from another conference, held in 2013, this time as part of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research project ‘Fora, Stations, and Sanctuaries: the Role of Minor Centres in the Economy of Roman Central Italy’.

A tale of two decades: Relative intra-family earning capacity and changes in family welfare over time

The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of economic changes in the 1990s and 2000s on the welfare of married households, taking into account the relative earnings structure of husband and wife. Modeling the household members’ joint labor supply, we find that families in which the wife is the higher wage earner experienced as much welfare gain in the 1990s and significantly higher welfare gains in the 2000s as families in which the husband is the higher wage earner.

Performing the Micro-Social: Using Theatre to Debate Research Findings on Everyday Life, Health and Well-Being

This paper describes and critically assesses the use and development of a model of participatory theatre to reappropriate the ways in which a place in the deindustrialized south Wales valleys is represented. Neo-liberal policies which focus on individual responsibility, conditionality, sanctions and incentives frame the production of statistics on health inequality and deprivation in particular ways. While ‘place’ can be a resource for expressing positive identities this presents people living in economically under-resourced areas with a problem if that place-based identity is also subject to vilification. In this paper we focus on three objectives: to explore negative stereotypes of a post-industrial community; to describe the methods and process of working alongside local people to offer alternative ways of understanding place; and to discuss the implications of using community theatre for policy and practice. We argue that theatre-based forms of place-making and dialogue can create spaces where policy issues, such as health and well-being, can be discussed in the context of everyday local concerns. Meanings in common are generated in ways that create affective understandings of place and the impact of economic change and crisis (Jones et al., 2013). These co-productive processes are uncertain, emergent, and risky and need to be managed carefully in the context of trustful relations.

Innovation and competitive factors of non-R&D industrial enterprises. The case of north-eastern Poland

This paper investigates the drivers of technology and innovation in Podlaskie (north-eastern Poland). There are reasons to believe that the convergence of Podlaskie's technology development to the levels of the rest of Poland will continue, but will proceed more slowly. The paper concludes that technology transfer and R&D investment have sped along at a spectacular pace in Poland in the recent years, although innovation in modern sectors lags somewhat behind. R&D activities have become the most substantial factor of innovation research in the attempt to explain the phenomena of innovation ability and competitiveness. There is a lot of empirical literature that shows the importance of firm-internal R&D activities as the main source of productivity, technological innovations to improve competitiveness, especially in fast growing high-tech industries. What seems to be the basic problem is the impact of economic changes on R&D activity and technology transfer.

Revisiting Armington and AIDS: How Sensitive Simulated Pattern of Trade is to Functional Form Choices?

Most applied general equilibrium (AGE) and partial equilibrium (PE) models use the Armington approach to represent the trade specification of their models. In the context of analyzing the impact of economic changes in trade policies, it is important what type of specification is used in the trade structure of such models. It may be plausible to use functional forms such as the Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) based Armington specification for relatively homogeneous aggregated goods like cereals (or other agricultural goods), but its restrictiveness makes it less satisfactory when examining the trade relationships for more complex and heterogenous aggregated goods such as electronics (or other manufacturing goods). Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is a flexible functional form, and incorporating such a demand system into a trade specification makes more sense for electronic goods where complementary trading relationships could be more prevalent. This paper compares the Armington specification with the AIDS specification for electronic goods using comparatives tatic analysis. The effect of change in price and income over global patterns of trade are examined. The results show that using different specifications of the trade structure in economic models can significantly alter the simulated patterns of trade, both in terms of magnitude and direction of changes in trade flows.

Impact of economic change on nutrition quality in preschool institutions in Macva district

Introduction: Health food safety is an absolute priority, whether it is a physical-chemical and microbiological safety. This applies particularly to vulnerable population groups. Particularly vulnerable population group is pre-school children. In this age, in addition to health security, as an important segment of the nutritional value of food. Nutritional value represents the energy value of meals, as well as a total in a certain amount (100g), as it looks at the energy density of meals. A reliable indicator of nutritional value, in addition to the mere satisfaction of energy needs, the amount and concentration ratio of macronutrients. This paper deals with the energy value of daily meals in preschools in Macva administrative district. The quality of the meal depends on several factors, such as the selection of food, preparation methods, expertise, personnel to create menus. This work focused on the economic situation in the whole society, as a factor affecting the quality of daily meals in preschools in Macva administrative district. Aim: To investigate the existence of statistically significant differences in the quality of daily meals in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Materials and methods: During the period under review were collected and analyzed data on the quality of the food at nine preschools in Macva administrative district. Data on the total caloric value, energy value in 100 grams, as well as data on the proportion of macronutrients carbohydrates, fats and proteins are analized and compared. The comparison of the results with the current regulations in the Republic of Serbia, and testing the statistical significance of the energy value variation and content of macronutrients in the observed poreioda. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the total energy value does not satisfy 75% of daily needs, and that there is a significant reduction in the share of protein and increase in the proportion of carbohydrates. Test results indicate that due to the impact of the deterioration of the economic situation decreased quality of daily meals. Reducing the quality is reflected in statistically significant decrease in the share of proteins.

Ekonometryczna analiza odpływów z bezrobocia

The effectiveness of the functioning of the labor market can be assessed by the number of facts of employment by job seekers. This article attempts to determine the impact of selected major macroeconomic variables on outflows from unemployment, defined as the total outflow from unemployment due to employment. As a research tool an expanded matches function was used, which is a mathematical recognition combining test pieces (in this case, job seekers and employers). The tool is also used to determine the impact of economic changes on the balance of the labor market. The matches function was constructed in accordance with the principles of the construction of dynamic cause and effect models.

Voicing Women, “Community” Drama, and The Late Lancashire Witches

ABSTRACT On August 17, 2012, as part of the Capturing Witches: Histories, Stories, Images 400 Years After the Lancashire Witches conference held at Lancaster University, a semi-staged reading of Heywood and Brome's The Late Lancashire Witches was performed at Lancaster Castle; the first time a witch trial had been enacted at the castle since 1634, when the witches who are dramatized in the play were tried. When a Lancaster judge disagreed with the verdict against the women in 1634 they were sent to London for retrial by the Privy Council, articulating the tension between London and Lancaster, urban and rural societies, and local and centralized justice, with which the play is concerned. This article considers the dimensions of the play that were revealed through directing this practice-based research project. It focuses on female speech-acts and embodiment in the witch drama, the depiction of official and unofficial justice in the play, as well as its representation of community. It also reflects on some of the difficulties that arise from conducting research-through-practice in historic sites, as well as the benefits: for instance, how the spaces in the castle—a working court since the seventeenth century—interacted with the play and furthered an understanding of its preoccupations. It concludes with an analysis of the impact of economic changes on social constructions of neighborliness during the period, suggesting that traditional notions of hospitality and festivity were waning during the early seventeenth century, and that the activities of the witches in the play partly hark back to a time of integrated communality before the intervention of a new fiscal era.

Time Varying Macroeconomic Risk and Industry Stock Returns: Empirical Evidence from India

This paper searches further evidence for the relation between the time varying macroeconomic conditions and stock returns in India using monthly data during the post 2000 period. Unlike other research in the area, the study uses industry level stock price data on six sectors namely Banking, Energy, FMCG, Information Technology, Pharmaceuticals and Automobiles. Data availability and diverging business cycle sensitivity constitute the rationale behind the selection of industry groupings. Empirical methodology involves a multi-factor modeling using Generalized Auto Regressive conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. The results of the study proved that the expected premium on stock market investments in India was time varying and has been affected by the time varying conditional volatilities of macroeconomic factors. The impact of economic changes found different across the industries and the sectoral variations in stock returns confirm the potentials of industry allocation for the diversification of investment risks.