Impact Of Detention Research Articles

The Impact of Detention on Youth Outcomes: A Rapid Evidence Review

While there is ample research examining the short- and long-term effects of juvenile incarceration (broadly defined), less is known about the specific consequences of the most common form of youth incarceration, juvenile detention. We conducted a Rapid Evidence Review (RER), limiting our search to the past 10 years to include studies that captured modern juvenile justice practices, to assess the body of literature evaluating the effects of juvenile detention on youth outcomes. Our initial search yielded over 1,800 articles, but only three ultimately met criteria for inclusion in our review. We conclude that there is a profound lack of research regarding the consequences of juvenile detention, an issue that affects a large number of youth in the United States.

Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique for Emotional Stability in Adolescent Prisoners

Introduction: The prevalence of children in Indonesian prison in 2015 as many as 2,207 children. The impact of detention on children are psychological decline such as anger, anxiety, sadness, fear, disappointment, and other feelings that can cause changes in emotional stability. Therapy Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) is one of the complementary therapies that can be administered to nursing improving emotional stability adolescent prisoners. To determine the effect of emotional stability EFT against child prisoners in LPKA Class II Yogyakarta. Methods: This study design using pra-experimental approach to non equivalent control group design, purposive sampling with a sample of 32 respondents consisting of 16 respondents to the intervention group and 16 respondents to the control group. The research instrument used is Questionnaire Emotional Stability. Test analysis using Independent t test. Results: The results showed that there are differences in average emotional stability between the intervention group and the control group with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusions: EFT therapy is highly recommended as one of the nursing interventions to increase emotional stability in adolescents.

RECONSTRUCTION OF DETENTITON REGULATION AGAINST A SUSPECT OR DEFENDANT IN ACCORDANCE WITH CIVIL CODE BASED ON JUSTICE

Detention is a criminal act of deprivation of freedom which is one of the criminal forms stipulated in the Criminal Code. The mechanisms of detention have been organized according to the Criminal Procedure Code. Mistakes in detention can lead to fatalities for many parties including people who execute the detention. The impact of detention on suspects/defendants is not only felt by suspects/defendants, but also it is felt by families of suspects/defendants, communities, and countries.

The impact of detention on the social-emotional wellbeing of children seeking asylum: a comparison with community-based children.

Accumulating literature demonstrates that immigration detention is harmful to children. However, there is a scarcity of scientifically rigorous and reliable data about the health of children held in detention facilities. The aim of the study was to compare a community-based population of recently arrived refugee children flown into Australia, not detained, resettled in a non-urban area, with a population of children who arrived by boat seeking asylum, detained since arrival. The parent-version of the strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) of children aged 4-15years was compared in children living in the community with those held in detention. We compared 86 children who had a parent-completed SDQ performed, 38 (44%) in the community group and 48 (56%) in the detention group. The community sample had been living in Australia for 325days, with no time in detention. The detention sample had been living in detention for a mean of 221days. The mean age was similar for the community and detention sample at 8.4years (P=0.18). In the total sample, children in the detention group had significantly higher SDQ total difficulties scores than children in the community group (P<0.0001). There was no difference between age groups (P=0.82). The children in the detention group had, on average, an SDQ total difficulties score that was 12 points higher than children in the community group. Four of the five SDQ subscale scores indicated greater disturbance amongst children in detention (<0.0001) compared to children living in the community. The detention group had significantly higher scores (P<0.001) for all except Pro-social scores as compared to Australian norms for the 4-6 and 7-15years age group. This study presents a rare opportunity to compare the wellbeing of displaced children who were detained following arrival in Australia with those settled in the Australian community since arrival. The community children's scores approximated data from the general Australian childhood population. Children held in detention had significantly more social, emotional and behavioural difficulties than children living in the community, and at levels resembling a clinical cohort. Despite the small sample size, data restrictions and other limitations of the data, statistical significance in differences between the community and detention children is marked and arguably demonstrates the negative impact of post-arrival detention in children who are presumed to have similar levels of pre-arrival adversity. If the objective is to optimise the health and wellbeing of children seeking asylum, removal of post-arrival detention is one of the most powerful interventions available to host countries.

The Impact of Men’s Detention on the Psychological Wellbeing of Palestinian Women

Detention has a main impact on the health and psychological wellbeing of those leaving behind, in particular the partners. Little is known however on the impact of detention of men on their spouses when the imprisonment happens in situations of protracted armed conflict. This study therefore aims at investigating the consequences of the detention of men onto the health of their spouse living in the Palestinian Occupied Territories. A random sample of 360 Palestinian women compared the health of spouses of men who had been imprisoned for different periods of time with a group of women whose husbands had not been imprisoned. All participants completed self-report questionnaires on posttraumatic stress disorders symptoms (UCLA PTSD Index) and general health problems (General Health Questionnaire 28). Detention of men puts their spouses clearly at risk to develop several health problems, even more for older women and for those without children. The time the man was imprisoned had a various impact onto their wives’ health. These findings call for important supporting interventions for this highly vulnerable group.

The Impact of Detention on the Health of Asylum Seekers

Objectives: This review assesses the evidence about the effects of detention on the mental and physical health and social functioning of asylum seekers. Method and Analysis: We followed Campbell Collaboration guidelines to conduct a systematic review. Meta-analytic methods were used to quantitatively synthesize the study results. Results: Primary study effect sizes for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety, while the asylum seekers were still detained lies in the range 0.35–0.99, all favoring the nondetained asylum group. Author’s Conclusions: There is some evidence to suggest an independent adverse effect of detention on the mental health of asylum seekers. The conclusions should however be interpreted with caution as they are based on few studies. More research is needed in order to fully investigate the effect of detention on mental health.

The Impact of Detention on the Health of Asylum Seekers: A Systematic Review

The Impact of Detention on the Health of Asylum Seekers: A Systematic Review

Descriptive study of sexual behaviour amongst women inmates of a Tunisian prison

Summary Introduction Prison is by definition a place where freedom is removed, and where the sexual dimension is also missing and sexual practices strictly prohibited. Studies concerning sexuality in prison are still few and far between. The aim of the present study was to make a first report on sexual behaviour in a Tunisian prison, and assess sexuality in a population of women prisoners and the impact of detention on some parameters of sexuality. Method We conducted a horizontal study for descriptive and analytical purposes, between March and August 2013 at the women's detention centre in Manouba. The women inmates were interviewed about their affective and sexual life using a hetero questionnaire with 27 items referring to various themes related to sexual behaviour before and after imprisonment. The items consisted of statements with single or multiple choices, and in some cases, open questions. Results Thirty women were included with mean age of 30.77 years. Three women (10%) were awaiting trial. More than half of the subjects (56.7%) describe their previous sex-life as poor and without commitment. Following their imprisonment, 73.3% of women reported a change in sexual desire and 53.3% reported a lack of fantasies. A third of inmates reported masturbatory activities and 23.33% admitted to having homosexual intercourse during their period of imprisonment. Conclusion The results of our study have enabled a process of reflection to be engaged on the actions to be proposed, targeting this taboo, in order to improve prison conditions.

PROTOCOL: The impact of detention on the health of asylum seekers: a protocol for a systematic review

PROTOCOL: The impact of detention on the health of asylum seekers: a protocol for a systematic review

1081 – Detention and mental health of torture survivors - what do we know and what do we do?

Introduction Torture survivors often present a complex clinical picture with mental and physical symptoms and illness in addition to social incapacities. Torture survivors can be subjected to deprivation of liberty in a variety of situations. Detention might remind the torture survivor of former torture experiences and thus add further to the strain of being detained. Objective To evaluate and discuss the present knowledge of mental health consequences of detention of torture survivors and to present and discuss practices relating to detention. Aim To focus attention on existing evidence and problematic practices in relation to this. Methods Results from key publications within the field will be resumed and discussed and implications outlined. Results Research on the impact of detention on torture survivors is almost non-existent. A negative impact of detention on mental health of torture survivors can however be deducted mainly from the existing evidence on asylum seekers. Whether screening for torture experiences and following systematic monitoring of mental health are going on worldwide remains obscure, but from a Danish perspective it is likely that torture survivors are not identified. Conclusion Torture survivors constitute a vulnerable group mentally, physically and socially. A negative impact of detention on mental health can be deducted mainly from studies on asylum seekers. Identification of torture survivors is necessary before decision on detention is taken. Scientific evidence on the subject is missing. Research initiatives and monitoring of practices are necessary.

The Expected Psychiatric Impact of Detention in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and Related Considerations

What are the likely mental and related physical health consequences of prolonged exposure to common stressors to detainees at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba? Significant distress leads to high rates of psychiatric disorders, medical problems, and functional impairments. The consequences are severe, physically and psychologically, affecting the individual, his or her family, and the culture at large. Damaging conditions endured by detainees are multiple and severe and are reviewed here in detail. The author identifies parallels between Guantanamo detainees and similarly mistreated populations (e.g., prisoners of war, asylum seekers, prisoners) to draw inferences from existing research regarding likely outcomes for Guantanamo detainees. Protective factors normally present are systematically disrupted at Guantanamo. Overall, it is likely that detainees and their families are experiencing significant mental and physical health problems as a result of overlapping severe and chronic stressors related to detention and that this will worsen over time, particularly in the absence of appropriate assessment and treatment. The author addresses political and ethical factors, as well as basic implications for assessment, treatment, and advocacy, although these are not the focus of the article. Researchers and clinicians will face challenges in providing care for this population and understanding the long-term effects of such mistreatment. Sources reviewed are current up to September 2009.

The experience of detention under the Mental Health Act (1983)

This study explored the experiences of detention under the Mental Health Act (1983) of people with learning disabilities. Semi‐structured one‐to‐one interviews (N = 7) were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants had mild learning disabilities and had been detained under the Mental Health Act in England for compulsory assessment and treatment within a two‐year period prior to the study. A number of valuable insights emerged, including: the impact of perceived lack of control over self, experiences of vulnerability/powerlessness/ victimisation (both prior to and following detention), participant's sense of care versus punishment; the development of ‘role’ within the mental health system and attribution of blame. The study helps expand the current literature on experiences of people with learning disabilities from their perspective, identifies the possible emotional impact of detention and indexes the range of coping styles elicited between participants in the face of detention.

No Refuge from Terror: The Impact of Detention on the Mental Health of Trauma-affected Refugees Seeking Asylum in Australia

The final decades of the twentieth century were accompanied by an upsurge in the number of persons fleeing persecution and regional wars. To stem the flow of asylum seekers, several countries in the west introduced policies of deterrence, including detention. Although many countries detain asylum seekers, Australia has been unique in establishing a policy of mandatory, indefinite detention. The impact of prolonged detention on the mental health of asylum seekers drew commentary from mental health professionals soon after the policy was introduced, but administrators and politicians disputed the assertion that detention was a factor in causing or exacerbating mental disorder. This overview examines the impact of mandatory, indefinite detention on the mental health of asylum seekers by drawing on evidence gathered during Commissions of Inquiry, from observations of health and mental health professionals who have worked in detention centres, and from the small body of systematic research undertaken among immigration detainees. The data from all sources converge in demonstrating that prolonged detention has adverse mental health and psychosocial impacts on adults, families and children. Recent studies suggest that the mental health effects may be prolonged, extending well beyond the point of release into the community. The Australian experience offers general lessons to health professionals worldwide about the importance of remaining vigilant in protecting the rights of vulnerable groups, and more specifically, to ensure that the traumas that cause mental suffering in refugees are not compounded as a consequence of immigration policy decisions in recipient countries. Documentation and research can be vital in achieving policy change in these settings.

Psychological Status of Former Refugee Detainees From the Woomera Detention Centre Now Living in the Australian Community

The impact of detention on psychological status, and quality of life was examined in a sample of 150 former refugee detainees from the Woomera Detention Centre now living in the Australian community. Detainees completed a psychological status inventory including the Truncated Assessment of Self-Destructive Thoughts (TASDT), the Quality of Life Inventory, the Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Profile of Mood States. Former detainees reported their current status and retrospectively reported their status while detained.

Commentary on “Communicable disease control and contemporary themes in public health law”

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Race and the Impact of Detention on Juvenile Justice Decision Making

In recent years, the growing number of minority youth disproportionately confined in secure detention facilities has led to a search for a better understanding of this occurrence. Explanations vary but tend to center on either differential offending or selection bias. The present study examines the extent both may explain decision making by specifically assessing the effect of race on detention and the degree that race and detention influence further court processing in one juvenile court jurisdiction in the state of Iowa. Multivariate analyses using juvenile court data (1980 through 2000) show that although legal factors account for some of the decision making and minority over representation, so too does race. Evidence is presented that, through detention, race has direct, interaction, and indirect effects that often work to the disadvantage of African American youth relative to White youth. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

Detention Center in Hong Kong

This paper presents a clinical inquiry at how one young male ex-offender described his time in custody, how his time had been constructively spent during detention, and the effect of a detention center order on his offending behavior one year after his discharge. In so doing, it allowed him to talk about his institutionalized experience and to assess the impact of detention on him. The rich, long and in-depth interview data was presented in the form of direct quotations. First, an investigation of that insider's knowledge of the initial detention experience was given. Second, a description of how he ‘did’ his time in a place where a ‘short, sharp shock’ punishment was heavily stressed. Third, he was also asked to comment on the usefulness of detention on reducing criminal behavior. Finally, concluding thoughts on the corrective programs are given.

The impact of detention on the health of asylum seekers.

Asylum seekers arriving in the United States are often imprisoned for months or years while their asylum claims are processed. Recently, Physicians for Human Rights and the Bellevue/New York University Program for Survivors of Torture released the findings of the first systematic study examining the health of detained asylum seekers. The study found that the mental health of asylum seekers interviewed was extremely poor, including high levels of symptoms for anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder, which worsened the longer individuals were in detention. The study also raises concerns about the manner in which asylum seekers are treated upon arrival in the United States and then while in detention. These findings support assertions that detention has a harmful effect on the health and well-being of asylum seekers. Policies regarding the long-term detention of asylum seekers should be reconsidered.

Postwar mortality among Australian World War II prisoners of the Japanese.

The impact of detention as a prisoner of war on postwar survival and disease-specific mortality was examined in Australian veterans of World War II. A random sample of 908 ex-prisoners and 797 other veterans of the same theatre of war, all of whom had returned to Australia alive, was traced over the 40 years since the war. The date and cause of death were recorded for those who were found to have died. By means of the subject-years method, the mortality of the prisoners of war was compared with that of the non-prisoners of war while the analysis controlled for the length of follow-up and the subject's age at the close of the war. The prisoners of war showed a higher over-all mortality rate than did the non-prisoners of war. This difference was pronounced in the period from five to 14 years after the war but diminished subsequently. There also was an indication that this effect varied with the subject's age at the end of the war: prisoners of war who were aged 25-29 years at that time had the highest mortality differential from non-prisoners of war, followed by prisoners of war who were aged 30-34 years. However, log-linear modelling, which controlled for age and the follow-up period, did not suggest that these mortality differences could be attributed to particular causes of death.