Impact Of Blood Type Research Articles

Commentator Discussion: The impact of blood type and body size on successful bridging to heart transplantation using intra-aortic balloon pump or surgically implanted microaxial left ventricular assist device.

Commentator Discussion: The impact of blood type and body size on successful bridging to heart transplantation using intra-aortic balloon pump or surgically implanted microaxial left ventricular assist device.

The impact of blood type and body size on successful bridging to heart transplantation using intra-aortic balloon pump or surgically implanted microaxial left ventricular assist device

ObjectiveWaitlist time for United Network for Organ Sharing Status 2 heart transplant candidates has steadily increased. We compared a bridging strategy using either the Impella 5.0/5.5 (“Impella”) or intra-aortic balloon pump with a durable left ventricular assist device in patients with blood type O stratified by body habitus. MethodsThe United Network for Organ Sharing registry was queried for adults listed for de novo heart transplantation (without dialysis) supported by the Impella, an intra-aortic balloon pump, or the HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist device. The primary outcome was 1-year postlisting survival, defined as the sum of waitlist time and post–heart transplant survival time if the candidate underwent heart transplantation. ResultsIn total, 2942 candidates were included (Impella: 214; intra-aortic balloon pump: 1326; HeartMate 3: 1402). Listing with the Impella or intra-aortic balloon pump was associated with worse postlisting survival compared with the HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist device in type O candidates (Impella: hazard ratio, 2.90 [95% CI, 1.48-5.67], P = .002; intra-aortic balloon pump: hazard ratio, 2.42 [95% CI, 1.59-3.68], P < .001) but less so in non–type O candidates. Further analysis of type O candidates demonstrated that the Impella and intra-aortic balloon pump were associated with a lower risk of postlisting mortality among those with normal height (25-75th percentile) and nonobese (body mass index <30) (Impella: hazard ratio, 1.78 [95% CI, 0.61-5.18], P = .292; intra-aortic balloon pump: hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 0.67-2.45], P = .455); among those not of normal height and nonobese, the Impella and intra-aortic balloon pump were associated with an elevated risk of postlisting mortality (Impella: hazard ratio, 3.65 [95% CI, 1.68-7.95], P = .001; intra-aortic balloon pump: hazard ratio, 3.01 [95% CI, 1.95-4.67], P < .001). ConclusionsBlood type O candidates listed with the Impella or intra-aortic balloon pump are at increased risk of postlisting mortality compared with a durable left ventricular assist device in the current organ allocation era. These effects are diminished among those with normal height and body habitus.

(432) - Impact of Blood Type on Pre- and Post-Transplant Outcomes in Patients with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices Listed for Orthotopic Heart Transplant

(432) - Impact of Blood Type on Pre- and Post-Transplant Outcomes in Patients with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices Listed for Orthotopic Heart Transplant

Blood group AB is associated with reduced blood loss but also elevated cardiovascular mortality in aortocoronary bypass surgery.

Patient blood group (BG) is predictive for von-Willebrand-factor (VWF) and Factor VIII variation. The clinical impact of this ABO-effect on blood loss, cardiovascular complications and outcome has been described for several patient cohorts. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of patient BG on blood loss and outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Patient records, intraoperative data and perioperative transfusion records of 5713 patients receiving an on-pump CABG procedure between 05/2004 and 12/2018 were analyzed. A logistic regression model for death due to perioperative myocardial ischaemia (PMI) was developed from initially 24 variables by using an univariate and multivariate selection process. BG AB patients required less blood transfusions as compared to the other blood groups, especially in case of emergency operations. However, BG AB patients also had a higher mortality which was due to secondary cardiovascular complications. The impact of blood type on the rate of cardiovascular mortality was confirmed in the logistic regression model. BG AB patients have a worse outcome after CABG surgery due to an increased incidence of fatal cardiovascular complications. As perioperative myocardial ischemia due to graft occlusion appears to be the most likely explanation, stricter anticoagulation for BG AB patients should be discussed.

Dealing with the Problem of Monotone Likelihood in the Inflation of Estimated Effects in Clinical Studies. Comment on Hasegawa et al. Impact of Blood Type O on Mortality of Sepsis Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 826.

I read the press article from the Fujita Health University School of Medicine titled "Impact of Blood Type O on Mortality of Sepsis Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study" [...].

The impact of blood type on the mortality of patients with severe abdominal trauma: a multicenter observational study

Few studies have investigated the relationship between blood type and trauma outcomes according to the type of injury. We conducted a retrospective multicenter observational study in twelve emergency hospitals in Japan. Patients with isolated severe abdominal injury (abbreviated injury scale for the abdomen ≥ 3 and that for other organs < 3) that occurred between 2008 and 2018 were divided into four groups according to blood type. The association between blood type and mortality, ventilator-free days (VFD), and total transfusion volume were evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression models. A total of 920 patients were included, and were divided based on their blood type: O, 288 (31%); A, 345 (38%); B, 186 (20%); and AB, 101 (11%). Patients with type O had a higher in-hospital mortality rate than those of other blood types (22% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). This association was observed in multivariate analysis (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.48 [1.25–2.26], p = 0.012). Furthermore, type O was associated with significantly higher cause-specific mortalities, fewer VFD, and larger transfusion volumes. Blood type O was associated with significantly higher mortality and larger transfusion volumes in patients with isolated severe abdominal trauma.

Blood type does not modify prognosis in patients with COVID-19: experience in a COVID-19 hospital in Mexico

Introduction: According to reports from China and Europe, there are various clinical and laboratory risk factors that associate with both death and the use of a ventilator in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Wuhan, blood type A was related to these complications, but this factor is unknown for Latin America. Objective was to describe the association of blood type with complications related to COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: A retrospective comparative study from the clinical files of patients cared for in the emergency department between April and May 2020. Results: Data was analyzed from 120 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. There were no differences in age and gender by blood type. Type O was the most frequent (80.8%) followed by type A (11.7%) and type B (7.5%). In univariate analysis, there was no impact of blood type on survival, individually (groups A, B, O) (log rank 0.154). In multivariate analysis, only age influenced prognosis ( p =0.004). Above the risk, type O showed no impact on mortality (OR 1.0119, 95% CI: 0.3898–2.6272, p =0.980) or ventilator use (1.5616, 95% CI: 0.4834–5.0453, p =0.456), likewise for types A and B (OR 0.9882, 95% CI, 0.3806–2.5657). Conclusion: Blood type does not impact prognosis in Mexican patients with COVID-19.

The Impact of Blood Type O on Major Outcomes in Patients With Severe Burns.

ABO blood type has been reported to be a predictor of poor prognosis in critically ill patients. Here, we aim to correlate different blood types with clinical outcomes in patients with severe burns. We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study by enrolling patients with severe burn injuries (≥40% TBSA) between January 2012 and December 2017. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between disparate ABO blood types (type O vs non-O type). Multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to identify an association between ABO blood type and clinical outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, the development of acute kidney injury (AKI), and hospital or ICU length of stay. A total of 141 patients were finally enrolled in the current study. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with type O blood compared with those of other blood types. The development of AKI was significantly higher in patients with blood type O vs non-O blood type (P = .001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that blood type O was independently associated with in-hospital mortality and AKI occurrence after adjusting for other potential confounders. Our findings indicated the blood type O was an independent risk factor of both increased mortality and the development of AKI postburn. More prudent and specific treatments are required in treating these patients to avoid poor prognosis.

The impact of ABO blood type on the prevalence of portal vein thrombosis in patients with advanced chronic liver disease.

Background and aimsNon‐O blood type (BT) is a risk factor for thromboses, which has been attributed to its effects on von Willebrand factor (VWF)/factor VIII (FVIII) levels. Although high VWF/FVIII may be risk factors for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD), the impact of BT on PVT is unknown. We aimed to assess (I) whether non‐O‐BT is a risk factor for PVT and (II) whether non‐O‐BT impacts VWF/factor VIII in patients with ACLD.MethodsRetrospective analysis comprising two cohorts: (I) “US” including all adult liver transplantations in the US in the MELD era and (II) “Vienna” comprising patients with a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) ≥6 mmHg.Results(I) The “US cohort” included 84 947 patients (non‐O: 55.43%). The prevalence of PVT at the time of listing (4.37% vs 4.56%; P = .1762) and at liver transplantation (9.56% vs 9.33%; P = .2546) was similar in patients with O‐ and non‐O‐BT. (II) 411 patients were included in the “Vienna cohort” (non‐O: 64%). Mean HVPG was 18(9) mmHg and 90% had an HVPG ≥10 mmHg. Patients with non‐O‐BT had slightly increased VWF levels (318(164)% vs 309(176)%; P = .048; increase of 23.8%‐23.9% in adjusted analyses), but this difference was driven by patients with less advanced disease. However, non‐O‐BT explained only 1% of the variation in VWF and had no effect on FVIII.ConclusionsAlthough non‐O‐BT impacts VWF in patients with early stage ACLD, its contribution to VWF variation is considerably smaller than in the general population. Moreover, non‐O‐BT had no impact on FVIII. These findings may explain the absence of an association between non‐O‐BT and PVT in patients with advanced cirrhosis.

The impact of blood type on transfusion after major emergency abdominal surgery.

ABO dependent variation in von Willebrand factor (vWF) and factor VIII have an impact on hemostasis. Several contradictory studies have investigated the influence of ABO blood type in surgical hemorrhage. Emergency surgery is associated with an increased risk of perioperative hemorrhage leading to inferior clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate if patients with blood type O received more transfusions with blood components compared with non-O patients after major emergency abdominal surgery. This retrospective observational study combined perioperative data including hemoglobin with transfusion data in patients undergoing emergency surgery at a university hospital between January 2010 and October 2016. The primary outcome was postoperative transfusion stratified into early transfusion, within 24 hours after surgery, and late transfusion from 24 hours to 7 days (POD7) after surgery. A total of 869 patients were included, 363 patients with blood type O (42.0%) and 501 (58.0%) with blood type non-O. We found no difference in the need for transfusion with 42 (11.6%) patients with blood type O and 66 (13.2%) patients with blood type non-O receiving early transfusion and 39 (13.4%) and 48 (11.9%) of O and non-O patients, respectively, receiving late transfusion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an adjusted OR of 0.915 (95% CI 0.569-1.471) for early transfusion and an adjusted OR of 1.307 (95% CI 0.788-2.169) for late transfusion in patients with blood type O. Likewise, no difference was seen with respect to the change in hemoglobin levels before and after surgery as well as transfused volume. We did not find an association between transfusion or perioperative changes in hemoglobin with respect to blood type ABO.

Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: advancements in precision and prevention

In pregnant patients, the impact of blood type and the presence of red blood cell antibodies influence the course of the pregnancy and the health of the fetus and newborn infant. Throughout history, haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn has played a fundamental role in the discovery of the blood group antibodies and their cognate antigens. The mid‐1900s were noted for the advent of Rh immunoglobulin. Now, the technological advancements in diagnosis and treatment of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn have provided the critical tools needed to support mothers with affected pregnancies. The knowledge of blood typing has been further refined with the explosion of understanding about blood group genes, particularly in the RH blood group. Genomic blood group typing, improvements in ultrasound technology and transfusion medicine progress have advanced the field. The care of women with potentially affected pregnancies has never been more robust. Despite this, the risk to the fetus is significant, and prevention strategies for maternal alloimmunization deserve continued attention.

The impact of blood type O on mortality of severe trauma patients: a retrospective observational study

BackgroundRecent studies have implicated the differences in the ABO blood system as a potential risk for various diseases, including hemostatic disorders and hemorrhage. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the difference in the ABO blood type on mortality in patients with severe trauma.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted in two tertiary emergency critical care medical centers in Japan. Patients with trauma with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 15 were included. The association between the different blood types (type O versus other blood types) and the outcomes of all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortalities (exsanguination, traumatic brain injury, and others), ventilator-free days (VFD), and total transfusion volume were evaluated using univariate and multivariate competing-risk regression models. Moreover, the impact of blood type O on the outcomes was assessed using regression coefficients in the multivariate analysis adjusted for age, ISS, and the Revised Trauma Score (RTS).ResultsA total of 901 patients were included in this study. The study population was divided based on the ABO blood type: type O, 284 (32%); type A, 285 (32%); type B, 209 (23%); and type AB, 123 (13%). Blood type O was associated with high mortality (28% in patients with blood type O versus 11% in patients with other blood types; p < 0.001). Moreover, this association was observed in a multivariate model (adjusted odds ratio = 2.86, 95% confidence interval 1.84–4.46; p < 0.001). The impact of blood type O on all-cause in-hospital mortality was comparable to 12 increases in the ISS, 1.5 decreases in the RTS, and 26 increases in age. Furthermore, blood type O was significantly associated with higher cause-specific mortalities and shorter VFD compared with the other blood types; however, a significant difference was not observed in the transfusion volume between the two groups.ConclusionsBlood type O was significantly associated with high mortality in severe trauma patients and might have a great impact on outcomes. Further studies elucidating the mechanism underlying this association are warranted to develop the appropriate intervention.

Impact of blood type, functional polymorphism (T-1676C) of the COX-1 gene promoter and clinical factors on the development of peptic ulcer during cardiovascular prophylaxis with low-dose aspirin.

Aims. To investigate the impact of blood type, functional polymorphism (T-1676C) of the COX-1 gene promoter, and clinical factors on the development of peptic ulcer during cardiovascular prophylaxis with low-dose aspirin. Methods. In a case-control study including 111 low-dose aspirin users with peptic ulcers and 109 controls (asymptomatic aspirin users), the polymorphism (T-1676C) of the COX-1 gene promoter was genotyped, and blood type, H pylori status, and clinical factors were assessed. Results. Univariate analysis showed no significant differences in genotype frequencies of the COX-1 gene at position -1676 between the peptic ulcer group and control group. Multivariate analysis revealed that blood type O, advanced age, history of peptic ulcer, and concomitant use of NSAID were the independent risk factors for the development of peptic ulcer with the odds ratios of the 2.1, 3.1, 27.6, and 2.9, respectively. Conclusion. The C-1676T polymorphism in the COX-1 gene promoter is not a risk factor for ulcer formation during treatment with low-dose aspirin. Blood type O, advanced age, history of peptic ulcer, and concomitant use of NSAID are of independent significance in predicting peptic ulcer development during treatment with low-dose aspirin.