Performance Impact Research Articles

Corporate ESG performance and the capital market’s information environment: evidence from analysts’ forecasts

ABSTRACT The role of ESG is not confined to investments, but extends to the influence it exerts on capital markets. This study investigates the impact of corporate ESG performance on the information environment. Our results show that as companies demonstrate higher ESG performance, there is a significant increase in analyst coverage, an enhancement in the accuracy of public information, and a reduction in the precision of private information. Further analysis reveals that the impact of ESG performance on the capital market information environment is significantly higher in state-owned companies, non-heavily polluting industries, and the eastern regions. This study not only examines the economic consequences of corporate ESG performance from the perspective of the capital market’s information environment, but also provides practical guidelines for policymakers and professionals in finance and sustainability to optimize the capital market environment through the development of corporate ESG.

Distributed Task Allocation for Multiple UAVs Based on Swarm Benefit Optimization

The auction mechanism stands as a pivotal distributed solution approach for addressing the task allocation problem in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms, with its rapid solution capability well-suited to meet the real-time requirements of aerial mission planning for UAV swarms. Building upon the auction mechanism, this paper proposes a distributed task allocation method for multi-UAV grounded in swarm benefits optimization. The method introduces individual benefit variation to quantify the effect of a task on the benefit of a single UAV, thereby enabling direct optimization of swarm benefit through these individual benefit variations. Within the formulated individual benefit calculation, both the spatial distance between tasks and UAVs and the initial task value along with its temporal decay are taken into account, ensuring a thorough and accurate assessment. Additionally, the method incorporates real-time updates of individual benefits for each UAV, reflecting the dynamic state of task benefit fluctuations within the swarm. Monte Carlo simulation experiments demonstrate that, for a swarm size of 16 UAVs and 80 tasks, the proposed method achieves an average swarm benefit improvement of approximately 2% and 4% over the Consensus-Based Bundle Algorithm (CBBA) and Performance Impact (PI) methods, respectively, thus validating its effectiveness.

The Role of Wind Turbine Siting in Achieving Sustainable Energy Goals

As global energy demands rise, there is an increasing need to transition from fossil fuels, which contribute to environmental harm and have limited reserves, to more sustainable and renewable energy sources. This shift is vital for both protecting the environment and ensuring long-term energy security. Renewable energy, such as wind power, plays a significant role in mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions while also being environmentally harmonious. Wind energy, in particular, is gaining importance as a clean, renewable source of power, with wind turbines serving as key components of this transformation. The success of wind energy projects depends largely on proper site selection. Factors such as wind potential, the topographical structure, environmental sensitivity, and legal considerations must all be carefully analyzed to ensure maximum performance and minimal environmental impact. The site selection process is crucial in optimizing energy production while promoting sustainability. Effective micro-siting strategies, which focus on the specific placement of turbines within a site, are also essential for improving energy efficiency and minimizing environmental disruption. This study highlights the importance of careful site analysis to ensure the successful and sustainable implementation of wind energy projects.

ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF ROAD EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE ON THE EFFICIENCY OF ITS USE

The paper assesses the impact of road machinery performance on the efficiency of its use. It is accepted that the main operational parameters of road equipment for analyzing the technical condition and degree of use of machines include productivity, efficiency index, time for the technological process and losses. The influence of productivity on the strategy of machine operation, as one of the main parameters of the roadway arrangement process, is considered provided that road machines have not only different productivity, but also different rates of its change during operation. The analysis of the given dependencies and the given conditions for changing productivity has shown the impact of increasing and decreasing the rate of productivity decline on the optimal service life of the equipment. These results confirm the extremely important importance of measures aimed at maintaining high machine performance during their operation. The components of machine operating time are analyzed. It was found that the useful or effective working time is an estimated value that is the required time for a given volume of production at reference performance, that is, without loss of productivity and quality. The methods of monitoring the technical condition and the degree of use of road equipment in road construction are analyzed.

Evaluating the performance and environmental impact of low calcium fly ash-based geopolymer in comparison to OPC-based concrete.

The current paper explores the performance, microstructure and environmental consequences of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete compared to OPC-based concrete. The performance of the concrete is assessed based on strength, permeability, sulfate resistance, and acid attack. Two geopolymer mixes were designed by adjusting the binder dosage. The geopolymer concrete mixes achieved 11-16% higher strength than OPC-based concrete. However, increasing the binder dosage from 30 to 40% led to 5% reduction in strength at later ages. Geopolymer concrete demonstrated superior resistance to sulfate and acid attacks, as well as lower penetration depth and permeability coefficient compared to OPC-based concrete. Microstructural analysis was conducted using XRD and SEM techniques, identifying sodium aluminosilicate gel as the product formed during the polymerization process. The environmental impact was evaluated through a life cycle assessment using a cradle-to-gate approach. Geopolymer concrete requires 25-33% less energy and emits 14-28% less kg-CO2 eq. than OPC-based concrete. The production of OPC-based concrete had the greatest negative environmental impact, except in the categories of metal depletion (MDP) and ionizing radiation (IRP_HE). In geopolymer concrete, the use of alkaline activators accounted for higher energy consumption and accounted for 73-75% kg-CO2 eq. emissions. Overall, fly ash-based geopolymer concrete showed higher strength and excellent resistance to acid and sulfate attacks, along with a lower carbon footprint and energy consumption.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bali: Corporate social responsibility, competitive advantage and its impact on financial performance

Climate-related concerns have drastically made companies realize the need for better environmental regulations and consolidate them in corporate business strategies such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR improves firm performance by valuing the stakeholders' interests and substantially achieving a competitive advantage over competitors. Recognising a firm's competitive advantage in the market indicates performance and might help the company perform better. The objective of this research is to provide concrete proof related to how CSR affects competitive advantage and its effects on company performance, especially financial performance in SMEs in Bali Province. This study uses primary data in the form of questionnaires distributed to SMEs both directly and online. The sample of this research is the manager / owner of SMEs in Bali Province. Data analysis tools using SmartPLS 4.0. The study's findings indicate that CSR has a direct impact on financial performance (SMEs) and CSR indirectly affects the financial performance (SMEs) through competitive advantage. Competitive advantage was found to partially mediate the impact of CSR and financial performance (SMEs). These findings will be used by SME managers in Bali Province in order to enhance the company's financial performance by considering the use of CSR strategies and strengthening competitive advantage. Implementing CSR can help a company become more competitive and separate itself from competitors by providing an innovative product or service. Finally, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can give a company a competitive advantage by strengthening its marketing abilities, which leads to improved performance.

Exploring Raw Red Clay as a Supplementary Cementitious Material: Composition, Thermo-Mechanical Performance, Cost, and Environmental Impact

This study explored the potential of natural red clay as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and costs associated with the cement industry. Given that cement production is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, developing sustainable alternatives is of paramount importance. Recognizing the environmental impact of cement production, this research investigates the substitution of conventional cement with raw red clay, aiming to balance mechanical performance with enhanced thermal properties and a lower environmental footprint. Through chemical characterization using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), along with comprehensive mechanical and thermal performance testing, this study identifies the dual role of raw clay in mortar. It was found that incorporating up to 5% by weight of raw clay slightly impacted compressive strength while significantly improving thermal conductivity and diffusivity, cost-efficiency, and environmental sustainability, making it an appealing option for structural applications requiring high mechanical resistance. Conversely, a higher proportion of clay (beyond 5%) compromises compressive strength, but further enhances thermal properties and environmental benefits, suggesting its suitability for applications where low mechanical resistance is acceptable. This investigation highlights the viability of raw clay as a promising SCM, offering a pathway to more sustainable construction materials without the need for energy-intensive processing, thereby contributing to the reduction in the construction sector’s carbon footprint and energy demand.

Research On the Impact of ESG Performance on Operating Capacity in Environmental Protection Industry

With the rise of ESG concepts as a hot topic, the topic of corporate Environment. Social. Government(ESG)governance has attracted the attention of scholars. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between corporate ESG governance and operational capabilities. This article explores the impact and mechanism of ESG performance of listed companies in the environmental protection field on their operational capabilities. Based on quarterly data from 2010 to 2023, this article uses the Topsis model and linear regression analysis to do empirical analysis. Research shows that the comprehensive ESG performance of environmental protection enterprises is significantly positively correlated with their operational capabilities. Enterprises with excellent ESG can improve operational efficiency by effectively reducing sales costs. The study emphasizes the role of ESG in corporate strategy, information transparency, and financing simplification, and suggests that companies strengthen the integration of ESG strategies into their business, transparent disclosure, and internal and external supervision. This article enriches the research on the operational efficiency of ESG in environmental protection enterprises and has practical guidance value for ESG application, policy formulation, and corporate strategy.

The 2024 GPS accuracy improvement initiative

Following several performance enhancements, GPS has provided a stable signal-in-space range error (SISRE) of about 50 cm (RMS) for more than a decade. As of early 2024, a major SISRE reduction by about 30% could be noted that helps to maintain the competitiveness of GPS in comparison with the Chinese BeiDou system and reduces the performance difference with respect to the European Galileo system. Based on analyses of onboard clock stability and broadcast navigation messages, the SISRE enhancement can be attributed to a combination of clock switches on selected satellites as well as an overall reduction of the mean time between navigation data uploads. The additional adoption of new transmit antenna phase center offsets in the control segment has no immediate performance impact but affects the comparison of broadcast and precise orbits. Following the aforementioned operational changes, SISRE values for dual-frequency P(Y)-code positioning with the legacy navigation message (LNAV) were found to decrease to roughly 30 cm from March 2024 onward, and marginally worse results are obtained for users of the civil L1/L2 signals and the L2 civil navigation (CNAV) message. Single-frequency LNAV users, on the other hand, experience only a minor benefit, since orbit and clock information improvements are largely masked by the non-availability of group delay information for the L1 C/A signal relative to the L1 P(Y) signal.

The Impact of ESG on Financial Performance: Case Study of CR Power

With the deepening of the concept of sustainable development in the world, people gradually realize the interrelationship between economic development needs, environmental protection and social development, thus ESG rating comes into being. Through the analysis of the sustainable development case of CR Power, this paper studies the impact of ESG performance on the financial performance of enterprises, which shows that good ESG performance can improve the financial performance of enterprises through enhancing reputation and encouraging innovation. In addition, this paper studies the negative impact of ESG on financial performance by increasing costs and causing imbalance and puts forward measures for the synchronous development of ESG and performance in the future. This research not only provides a reference for promoting CR Power's pursuit of sustainable development in the future, but also provide a reference for other enterprises in the same industry to further improve ESG.

A simulation study to assess the influence of population pharmacokinetic model selection on initial dosing recommendations of vancomycin in neonates.

The accuracy of model-informed precision dosing largely depends on selecting the most appropriate population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model from many available options. This study aims to evaluate the concordance of optimal initial simulated doses among various vancomycin popPK models developed in neonates and to explore the role of predictive performance in explaining the variability in probability of target attainment (PTA). A virtual neonatal patient population was created and 26 previously externally evaluated vancomycin popPK models were used to simulate 5 different dosing regimens. For each simulated scenario, the area under the concentration-time curve and PTA were calculated to assess the agreement on optimal initial doses across the 26 models. A multiple regression was performed to explore the impact of the models' predictive performance on PTA. For most models (15/26), there was an agreement on the optimal dosing regimen. The highest PTA being achieved by the model with the best a priori predictive performance. The multiple regression model significantly predicted mean ln-transformed PTA, with F(2, 23) =5.406 and P =.010, yielding an adjusted R2 of .21. PTA was significantly influenced by imprecision (P =.048) but not bias (P =.469). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that, despite the variability in bias and imprecision, there was a consensus on the initial optimal doses for the majority of models; however, models with superior a priori predictive performance yielded higher PTA values. Bias and imprecision alone only seem to predict a small proportion of the variability in PTA, with imprecision having a more pronounced effect.

Bank Performance and Capital Formation in Pakistan

In Pakistan, during the last decade, the banking sector has experienced a reduction in the number of banks and their operations. This paper investigates the impact of banks' performance on capital formation in Pakistan. The country's investment level has been low, attributed to various factors. This study specifically examines the relationship between banks' performance and capital formation. Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) is the dependent variable, while major indicators of banks' performance serve as the independent variables. The study employs time series annual data from 1981 to 2023, comprising 43 observations. Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) tests have been conducted to analyze the long-term and short-term relationships among the variables. The results reveal both long-term and short-term relationships between GFCF and the selected indicators of banks' performance. Total deposits, bank credit to the private sector, and banks' profitability show a positive relationship with capital formation. The study concludes that banks' performance in Pakistan significantly impacts capital formation. A robust banking system in Pakistan could facilitate efficient investment in the country.

Insights into Building VR Solutions in the Police Domain

Advanced technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) hold immense significance for society, particularly in the law enforcement domain. VR offers a unique platform for immersive, experiential learning, allowing Police Officers (POs) to engage with dynamic scenarios that mirror real-world situations, incidents, and challenges. In the Police domain, the integration of VR solutions provides valuable insights into enhancing POs’ training, situational awareness, and community relations. Learning objectives in VR-based Police training encompass a spectrum of skills, including decision-making under pressure, effective communication and collaboration, and de-escalation techniques. Furthermore, evaluation perspectives span both quantitative and qualitative measures, assessing training efficacy, officer performance, and societal impact. This research adopts a systematic literature review approach where it becomes evident that the future of VR-enabled policing lies in interdisciplinary collaboration, technological innovation, and ethical considerations. Future directions entail refining VR solutions to reflect evolving societal dynamics, integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) for adaptive scenario generation and analytics, and addressing concerns related to algorithmic transparency, fairness, security, and privacy. By leveraging VR technologies, law enforcement agencies can enhance operational effectiveness and foster trust, accountability, and responsibility within the communities they serve.

The contradictory impact of ESG performance on corporate competitiveness: Empirical evidence from China's Capital Market

In recent years, with the increasing awareness of sustainable development, corporate ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) performance has garnered widespread attention from investors and has had a sustained impact on long-term business operations. The mechanisms by which ESG performance affects corporations primarily include the "governance effect" and the "window-dressing effect." Aimed at high-quality development goals, what kind of impact does ESG performance have on corporate competitiveness? This paper attempts to explore the economic relationship between corporate ESG performance and corporate competitiveness in China's capital market through theoretical analysis and empirical testing. The research results show that ESG performance significantly promotes corporate competitiveness, particularly through the "social" dimension (S) and "governance" dimension (G). ESG performance significantly enhances corporate competitiveness by increasing corporate philanthropic donations and improving total factor productivity, demonstrating the "governance effect" of ESG. However, in the "environmental" dimension (E), ESG performance instead leads to an increase in corporate carbon emissions, which may indicate that corporate efforts in environmental areas are more for superficial appearance, exhibiting the "window-dressing effect" of ESG. This study reveals the crucial role of ESG practices in enhancing corporate competitiveness, providing theoretical support and policy implications for promoting corporate competitiveness and achieving high-quality development goals.

Performance impact analysis of shell and tube PCM heat exchanger based on hemispherical rough elements

Performance impact analysis of shell and tube PCM heat exchanger based on hemispherical rough elements

Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Small and Medium Enterprises Performance in Botswana

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are an essential component of an economy. However, in today’s increasingly challenging business environment, SMEs encounter challenges in their performance. Therefore, there is a necessity to identify strategies that can enhance their performance such as Entrepreneurial Orientation. Guided by the resource-based view and dynamic capability theory, the study assessed the impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation and SMEs performance. A survey research design was adopted to gather information from SMEs in Gaborone through the quantitative method. Data from 368 SMEs owners/managers were collected and analyzed through Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) technique. From statistical results, all dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, except risk-taking have a significant impact on SMEs’ performance. This evaluation may assist decision makers in enhancing their business practices consequently influencing their performance and insightful implications for researchers.

RELIGIOUSITY, LOCATION, AND ISLAMIC WORK PERFORMANCE: THE CONNECTION BETWEEN INDONESIAN AND MALAYSIAN EMPLOYEES

Introduction: In today's dynamic era, tight competition urges a comprehensive analysis of company success factors with an emphasis on high-quality human resources, employee performance, religiosity, and workplace location's impact on performance. Methods: This explanatory research uses a quantitative approach, surveying 259 urban Muslim employees in Indonesia and Malaysia online from May to August 2023 via random sampling and SEM analysis. Results: Using WarpPLS, this study found that work location significantly affects both religiosity and Islamic work performance, confirming H1 with a coefficient of 0.502 (p-value <0.001) and H2 with a coefficient of 0.573 (p-value <0.001). However, H3 is rejected, as religiosity does not significantly affect Islamic work performance (coefficient 0.082, p-value 0.245). Conclusion and suggestion: Work location significantly affects employee religiosity and Islamic work performance, with urban and closer locations enhancing these aspects. However, religiosity does not directly impact performance, indicating a complex relationship. Managers should consider location in recruitment, support religious practices, and investigate these dynamics while integrating religious values in training programs.

Empowering Access to Justice through Automated Legal Case Management

This article presents an analytical framework for understanding automated legal case management systems, specifically focusing on Pega's implementation across public defense organizations. A comprehensive examination of system architecture and empirical evidence gathered from multiple jurisdictions demonstrates how workflow automation and intelligent case routing can substantially enhance case processing efficiency while reducing operational costs. This article examines implementation patterns across immigration, family law, and public defense sectors, revealing significant improvements in case management efficiency. This article indicates that automated case management systems markedly improve access to legal services for underserved communities, demonstrated through substantial reductions in case backlogs and increased case handling capacity. A novel framework is used to evaluate legal automation systems that consider technical performance and societal impact metrics. This article extends the current understanding of legal technology implementation by providing detailed insights into system architecture, data flow optimization, and social impact assessment. This article reveals that properly implemented automation systems can transform public legal services, creating more equitable access to justice while maintaining high standards of legal service delivery

The Impact of ESG Performance on Equities: The Case of the US Transport

The Impact of ESG Performance on Equities: The Case of the US Transport

Drivers of Social Media Marketing Adoption and Performance Impacts on Indonesian SMEs: An Integrated TAM, RDT, and TOE Framework

Drivers of Social Media Marketing Adoption and Performance Impacts on Indonesian SMEs: An Integrated TAM, RDT, and TOE Framework