Imbalance Of Economic Development Research Articles

Russian Fertilizers as an Element of Strengthening Africa’s Food Sovereignty

Over the past few years, amid the pandemic and other crises in the world markets, food security in Africa has once again become a key issue in international relations. However, what is important for the food sovereignty of the continent is not only the uninterrupted supply of food but also the gradual localization of food production in Africa, which requires increased fertilizer consumption, making the transition from the concept of “food security” to “food sovereignty” relevant. In general, it can be argued that the problem of Africa’s food sovereignty is not related to land scarcity but primarily to Africa’s position in the global value chains in the world’s food markets, as well as its dependence on imports of semi-finished food products. The key role in maintaining import dependence is played by influential lobbying and financial groups, intermediaries linked to transnational corporations, traders, and a number of other international actors. Structural imbalances in economic development have so far prevented most African countries from producing fertilizers domestically, which has led to an increase in fertilizer imports. In recent years, Russian exporters have managed to significantly strengthen their presence in African food and agricultural markets, bringing their share of the African fertilizer market to 20%. This article deals with the main trends of the movement toward food sovereignty in Africa, primarily considering the role of fertilizers in this process. For the first time, an analysis of the strategies of major Russian fertilizer suppliers in Africa is provided.

Impact of artificial intelligence on sustainable development in African countries

The African continent continues to be characterized by imbalances in economic development and infrastructure challenges, while the high cost of internet access, skills shortages and technical skills hinder the adoption of artificial intelligence. Large-scale corruption and bureaucracy pose major challenges. Addressing these challenges will enable the development of a quality AI ecosystem and utilize the latest technologies to create new opportunities for the government, businesses and the African population. The main objective of this study is to identify the role of artificial intelligence in the inclusive and sustainable economic growth of African countries, and justify the feasibility of its adoption in their economies and infrastructure. The study of the artificial intelligence market in the countries of the region has shown that there is significant potential in the introduction of such technologies in various sectors of national economies There is unevenness in the readiness of countries for digital transformation and technology adoption due to different levels of investment opportunities of national economies, human potential, government policies on artificial intelligence, political stability and technological development. Based on expert assessments, three scenarios (conservative, confident and pessimistic) of economic development of African economies depending on the level of development of the artificial intelligence market in the region were drawn up. The factors negatively affecting the processes of digital transformation were identified; the directions of using artificial intelligence technologies to solve global problems and achieve inclusive and sustainable economic growth of the African continent were substantiated.

Экономическая дифференциация и восприимчивость муниципалитетов российской Арктики к федеральным преференциальным режимам

The modern Arctic policy of Russia focuses on the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) as a single macroregion. However, since the Russian Arctic is internally heterogeneous, a common Arctic policy can either increase or decrease the differentiation of municipalities. Therefore, to improve federal spatial policy, it is necessary to assess the differentiation of Arctic municipalities and their receptivity to federal support measures for investors. To this end, the study proposes a new indicator, namely, the share of social and other benefits to the population in the sum of social benefits and taxable income of individuals and individual entrepreneurs. Unlike traditional wage indicators, the proposed indicator adequately reflects the income of the population and is not distorted by territorial price differences. This indicator for the AZRF varies from 5 % in municipalities with accelerated gas production to more than 50 % in peripheral areas. A reduced share of social benefits is typical for agglomerations of regional capitals, industrially developed municipalities or important seaports. The receptivity of municipalities to federal preferential treatment is analysed based on the author’s processing of resident registers (distribution of residents by Arctic municipalities). According to the results, investors are primarily attracted to the largest urban agglomerations of the European Russian Arctic (about half of residents of the Russian Arctic are in Arkhangelsk and Murmansk agglomerations), while the impact of preferential treatment on peripheral municipalities is minimal or non-existent (there were no residents of the Russian Arctic in approximately 20 percent of municipalities in three years). Such a situation will increase the imbalance in economic development of Arctic municipalities, therefore, state policy should provide various measures to support different municipalities, which should be substantiated in further research.

Evaluation of Freeze–Thaw Erosion Intensity in the Ecological Function Reserve of the Greater Hinggan Mountains Based on Geographic Information Systems and a Geographic Detector

Freeze–thaw erosion is one of the three major soil erosions in China, including wind erosion and hydraulic erosion, which leads to the destruction of the natural environment, the imbalance of economic development, a threat to personal safety, and irreversible disaster to the country and people. China’s permafrost area accounts for about one-fifth of the country’s land area, and the seasonal permafrost area accounts for half of China’s land area, mainly concentrated in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, Xinjiang Province, Heilongjiang Province, Gansu Province, and other regions. In order to establish an evaluation system for the ecological function reserve of the Greater Hinggan Mountains, nine evaluation indicators were selected from the perspectives of topography, climate, soil, and vegetation conditions. GIS technology, a multiple collinearity test, and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the freeze–thaw erosion in the ecological function reserve of the Greater Hinggan Mountains. This study categorized the evaluation results into five intensity levels, from micro to severe. Finally, the degree of influence of different influencing factors on freeze–thaw erosion and the interactions between the factors were analyzed using a geographic detector. The results showed the following: (1) The intensity of freeze–thaw erosion in the study area gradually increased from west to east, and the comprehensive evaluation results were −0.2552 to 0.7581. Overall, moderate, severe, and mild erosion accounted for 29.83%, 25.9%, and 21.54% of the total area of the freeze–thaw zone, respectively. (2) Soil moisture content and the annual range in temperature were the main factors contributing to freeze–thaw erosion. The degree of influence of the two effects on freeze–thaw erosion (q = 0.5997) was better than that of the single-factor effect.

Spatiotemporal data evolution of regional economy based on spatial econometric models

From the perspective of practical development, under the premise of stable macroeconomic growth in society, influenced by spatiotemporal factors, regional economies inevitably have differences and changes, which affect various aspects of social production and life. In order to understand the spatiotemporal data evolution characteristics of regional economy, promote common regional development and the implementation of coordinated economic development strategies, this article takes the Beijing Tianjin Hebei (BTH for short here) region as an example. By combining spatial econometric models (SEM for short here), this article collects and processes economic development data from 2013 to 2022 in the BTH region, and introduced a spatial weight matrix to conduct High-performance computing and analysis of its regional economic spatial correlation. Based on this, this article conducted in-depth research on the spatiotemporal data evolution characteristics of the BTH regional economy through the description and quantitative analysis of the influencing factors of the BTH regional economy. The empirical analysis results showed that the global Moran index (Global Moran’s for short here) of the BTH region was positive from 2013 to 2022, and the Z-values were all greater than 1.96, indicating a significant spatial correlation in the BTH regional economy. There is an imbalance in economic development in the BTH region, but with the continuous development of the region, its economic balance has improved.

A Study of Trends in Low-Energy Development Patterns in China: A Data-Driven Approach

China is currently undergoing a transition towards high-quality economic development, and the industrial structure is being optimized. However, there are still regional imbalances in economic development and energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether the disparities in electricity intensity between provinces and industries can converge over time. This paper investigates the trend towards low-energy consumption in China and verifies the club convergence of electricity intensity across provinces and industries in China using a data-driven log t-test and club clustering algorithm. The study innovatively finds that the convergence of electricity intensity is more pronounced in the tertiary sector. The value added of electricity consumption in the tertiary sector is closely related to the level of regional economic development, further indicating that the pattern of low-energy development is closely related to factors such as the geographical location of the province, regional radiation capacity, and industrial structure. In order to accelerate low-energy development in China, the paper proposes policy recommendations related to low-energy development to improve the quality of China’s economic development.

Disease Burden Evaluation of Injury and Poisoning in China from 2009 to 2019.

We aimed to analyze the differences and changing trends of mortality of Injury and Poisoning (IP) between urban and rural areas and gender in China to find out the influencing factors and to propose improvement measures. IP mortality, population, economy, medical and health information data came from the official web-site of the National Bureau of Statistics, and basic data on education level came from the Chinese Ministry of Education. Then the differences of the mortality of IP were compared between different areas and gender in China from 2009 to 2019, and the relationships between the mortality changes of IP and education level, GDP per capita, the numbers of practicing physicians, health institutions and urbanization rate were also explored by establishing a ridge regression model. The mortality of IP in rural areas was significantly higher than that of urban areas, and in male was higher than that of female (both P<0.001). Primary school graduates, GDP per capita, the number of practicing physicians, health institutions and urbanization rate had strong correlations (rmin=-0.622) with the mortality of IP. Ridge regression model showed that there was a quantitative relationship between primary school graduates, GDP per capita, the number of practising physicians, health institutions, urbanization rate and the mortality of IP in China. As the difference of working nature, economic development imbalance, psychological and gender, the mortality of IP was significantly different, so the state should take more effective measures to develop the urban and rural areas balanced, and reduce the IP risk in some particular occupations.

Construction of ecological network based on MSPA-Conefor-MCR at the county scale: A case study in Yanqing District, Beijing, China.

The acceleration of urbanization and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters have led to increasingly fragmented habitats and decreased ecological connectivity, which in turn hinder rural sustainable development. Constructing ecological networks is a key direction in the spatial planning. By strengthening source protection, corridor construction, and ecological control, it can effectively alleviate the contradiction between regional ecological and economic development imbalance and promote biodiversity enhancement. With Yanqing District as an example, we constructed the ecological network by means of the morphological spatial pattern analysis, the connectivity analysis software, and the minimum cumulative resistance model. We analyzed various network elements from a county perspective, and provide suggestions for the development of towns. The results showed that the ecological network of Yanqing District as a whole presented the distribution characteristics of "the Mountain and the Plain". A total of 12 ecological sources were identified, covering an area of 1085.54 km2, accounting for 54.4% of the total area. 66 ecological corridors were screened with a total length of 1057.18 km, including 21 important corridors and 45 general corridors, with the length of which accounting for 32.6% and 67.4%, respectively. 27 first-class ecological nodes and 86 second-class ecological nodes were identified, which were concentrated in "the Mountain" such as Qianjiadian and Zhenzhuquan. The distribution of ecological networks in different towns was closely related to their geographical environment and development orientation. The towns such as Qianjiadian and Zhenzhuquan were located in "the Mountain", covering a wide range of ecological sources and corridors. Strengthening protection of ecological source was the focus of network construction, which can promote the coordinated development of ecology and tourism in towns. The towns such as Liubinbao and Zhangshanying were located at the junction of "the Mountain-Plain", hence strengthening corridor connectivity was the main direction of network construction, which could promote the construction of ecological landscape in towns. The towns such as Yanqing and Kangzhuang were located in the "the Plain", with serious landscape fragmentation due to the lack of ecological sources and corridors. Those towns need to build green livable towns through increasing ecological nodes and strengthening ecological restoration. This study enriched the construction of ecological networks at the county scale, explored the interface with spatial planning, strengthened ecological restoration and ecological control, which had reference value for promoting the sustainable development of towns and the construction of a multi-scale ecological network.

The Impact of Population Migration on Regional Economic Growth: A Case Study of Heilongjiang Province

China is the most populous country in the world. With the rapid development of China's Reform and Opening-up as well as the reform of the economic system, the problem of multi population in China has emerged, the most prominent of which is the problem of population migration. Population migration is one of the important factors that affect the development of regional economy. Since the Reform and Opening-up, the unbalanced and inclined economic development strategy of regional economy implemented in China has ignored the balance goal in emphasizing the economic benefit goal. The country's investment focus and policy dividend are inclined to the coastal areas. Behind the rapid economic development of China, the imbalance of economic development among regions has gradually become one of the hidden dangers of China's economic development. Various studies at home and abroad have shown that the unbalanced development of regional economy will cause many hazards, such as conflicts or even distortions in regional interest relations, unreasonable resource distribution and utilization, and the widening income gap. Among the population migration issues, Heilongjiang Province is typical, and many regional studies on Heilongjiang region focus on the government system, industrial structure and other reasons, and often ignore the factors of population migration. With the rapid economic development of different regions, the difference in regional economic development has become an important problem in China's rapid development. Excessive regional economic development gap will inevitably lead to a series of social problems and a vicious circle. The core of this study is to explore the impact of population migration on economic growth in Heilongjiang Province. Through combing relevant literature, based on the theory of population migration and the relevant theories of regional economic growth, theoretical analysis and assumptions are made on this issue. Based on the panel data analysis of 13 prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province, the following conclusions are drawn through empirical analysis. Firstly, the migration of Heilongjiang population has a positive impact on economic development. Secondly, government policies and industrial structure have a significant impact on Heilongjiang's economic development.

Італійське «економічне диво»: успішний досвід управління повоєнним відновленням

The research is based on the historical experience of rebuilding Italy’s economy, destroyed as a result of World War II. The purpose of the article is historical and economic assessment of the process of restoration of the Italian economy in the post-war period for extrapolation of this experience in the revival of the economy of Ukraine at the present stage. The study results in analysis of the main reforms, highlighting the peculiarities of the Italian government’s economic policy and revealing the consequences of internal and external efforts in economic recovery, as well as substantiation of prospects of the use of this historical experience in modern Ukraine. The article analyzes the specifics of the post-war revival of the Italian economy by the government of Christian Democrats, who introduced a policy of strict regulation of the monetary system, state intervention in industrial policy, promoted the development of innovative entrepreneurship, creation of high-tech industries. It was proved that the agrarian reform, which laid the foundations for the formation of efficient farm production, helped market reorientation of agriculture in general. Italian experience of leveling regional imbalances in economic development for national integrity and unity is useful for Ukraine. The correlation of external patronage influence and internal efforts in the rapid rise of the Italian economy, which was called «economic miracle», was revealed. It is justified to use the strategy of economic development of the post-war Italy in preparing programs of economic reconstruction of Ukraine destroyed by the aggressive war of Putin's russia.

The North and South Divide: A Drag on the Italian Economy

Over the last three decades, Italy's GDP growth has seen generally seen stagnation. In the European Union, Italy's economic development rate is among the poorer levels and is internationally recognized as a country not suitable for investment. This has directly led to a decline in Italy's international voice. When it comes to the causes of Italy's economic development stagnation, the North-South gap within Italy is one of the important reasons, which is manifested in the excessive difference between the GDP per capita of the South and the North within Italy. For a long time, the north and the south of Italy have developed differently, including the different distribution of economic pillars (this paper focuses on agriculture, industry, and tourism), the different employment patterns of workers, and the different motivations of people to engage in economic development. These differences have led to an extreme imbalance in the economic development of the north and south of Italy, especially in the south, where the level of development is lower than that of the north. Such an imbalance in economic development is undoubtedly detrimental to the overall economic development of Italy. The comparison with Germany and Spain leads to the conclusion that Italy needs to reduce the gap between the North and South of the country by improving the quality of workers, introducing advanced technologies and regulating the employment system of immigrants.

Cost-Effectiveness of Posaconazole vs. First-Generation Triazoles for the Prevention of Invasive Fungal Infections Among High-Risk Patients With Hematological Malignancies in China.

BackgroundPosaconazole is confirmed to be more effective for preventing invasive fungal infections (IFIs) than first-generation triazoles (fluconazole and itraconazole), but its economic value has not been comprehensively evaluated in China. This study compared the cost-effectiveness of these two antifungal prophylaxis regimens in hematological-malignancy patients at high risk for IFIs from the Chinese healthcare perspective.MethodsA hybrid decision tree and Markov model were built using published data to estimate the total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of antifungal prophylaxis with posaconazole oral suspension and first-generation triazoles. Regimens with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) lower than the threshold of willingness to pay (WTP) were considered cost-effective. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess model robustness. The regional imbalance of economic development and the tablet formulation of posaconazole were considered in the scenario analyses.ResultsIn the base-case analysis, posaconazole oral suspension provided an additional 0.109 QALYs at an incremental cost of $954.7, yielding an ICER of $8,784.4/QALY, below the national WTP threshold of $31,315/QALY. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust. Scenario analyses showed that the base-case ICER was consistently below the WTP thresholds of all 31 Chinese provinces, with the likelihood of posaconazole being cost-effectiveness ranging from 78.1 to 99.0%. When the posaconazole oral suspension was replaced by the tablet formulation, the ICER increased to $29,214.1/QALY, still below the national WTP threshold and WTP thresholds of 12 provinces.ConclusionsPosaconazole oral suspension is a highly cost-effective regimen for preventing IFI in high-risk hematological-malignancy patients from the Chinese healthcare perspective. Posaconazole tablets may also be considered in some high-income regions of China.

Research on Evolution of Population and Economy Spatial Distribution Pattern in Ecologically Fragile Areas: A Case Study of Ningxia, China

Sustainable development is particularly important for ecologically fragile areas. The relationship between population and economy is a key factor affecting the sustainable development of ecologically fragile areas. This study uses the population and regional GDP data of 22 districts (cities, counties, etc.) under the jurisdiction of Ningxia from 2010 to 2019 to analyze regional gravity center, geographic concentration, inconsistency index, and spatial autocorrelation, therefore uncovers the population and economy spatial distribution pattern evolution of Ningxia. The results show that: 1) The population and economy in Ningxia is in an unbalanced spatial distribution pattern of “high in North and low in Middle and South,” and their geographical connection is relatively close. 2) The imbalance of economic development in Ningxia exceeds that of population development, but their relationship is becoming increasingly coordinated. 3) Ningxia’s economically advanced zones and coordinately developing zones are mainly concentrated in the north, and most of the central and southern areas have always been economically lagging. 4) There is a strong trend of agglomeration in Ningxia’s population and economic distribution. The districts with similar inconsistencies between population and economy tend to be spatially agglomerated, and the overall LL-type and HH-type agglomeration trend is significant. This research provides an important basis for the formulation of population and economic policies in ecologically fragile areas.

Analysis of Economic Development Inequality in Polewali Mandar Regency of West Sulawesi Province Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the imbalance of economic development and the relation of factors influencing the level of economic development in Polewali Mandar Regency. This study uses data panels from 2015 to 2019 with the least squares panel method (PLS) and using software eviews 9 for data processing. This study uses the Williamson Index and Gini ratio as a dependent variable in describing the condition of economic development inequality that occurred in Polewali Mandar Regency. Then the variables of infrastructure, investment, labor force, DAU (general allocation of funds) and DAK (special allocation of funds) as independent variables. The results stated that the average value of Economic Development inequality based on Williamsons index in the period of 2010-2019 by 0.11. While the infrastructure variables have a negative and significant effect on the imbalance of economic development on the value of 5% with the value of 0.0273 profitability. DAU also has a negative but not significant impact on development imbalance in Polewali Mandar Regency with profitability value of 0.4287. Investment variables, DAK and labor force (labor force participation rate) have a positive effect on variables of economic development inequality in Polewali Mandar regency. We found that infrastructure and DAU should be improved by the central gogernment, because these variables can reduce the level of income inequality and economic development in Polewali Mandar Regencys.

Urinary monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the general population from 26 provincial capital cities in China: Levels, influencing factors, and health risks.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from the incomplete combustion of organic materials are associated with adverse health effects. However, little is known about PAH exposure levels and their influencing factors on a large scale in developing countries. In this study, urinary monohydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs), including the metabolites of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene, were measured in 1154 samples in the general population nationwide from 26 provincial capitals in China. Concentrations of OH-PAHs ranged from 1.39 to 228μg/L. OH-Nap, metabolite of naphthalene, was the predominant compound, accounting for 65.1% of totals. People in eastern, southwest and northeast China, such as Shanghai, Kunming, Nanning, and Changchun, suffered more PAH exposure than other regions which might associate with sampling time, living habits of the subjects, and the imbalance of economic development and energy consumption across regions. Urinary OH-PAH concentrations were associated with body mass index, gender, and age, and smoking was the main correlating factor. Inhalation and diet might be the main exposure route of human exposure to PAHs, especially for smokers by inhalation. Hazard indices showed that no subject was exposed to PAHs with potential non-carcinogenic risk. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk was the most significant health effects, with almost all subjects having carcinogenic risk values higher than the acceptable level of 10-6. Naphthalene and phenanthrene were the main contributors. The results also suggested a possible relationship between PAH exposure and lung cancer in the Chinese population. This first nationwide study on human internal exposure to PAHs provides a large body of scientific information for governmental decision-making about associated human health and the prevention of human exposure to PAHs.

Scientific and Technological Progress and Economy of the USSR: Theory, Practice, Lessons for the Present

The article is devoted to the main approaches of Soviet economists to the issue of introducing the achievements of scientific and technological progress into production related to the experience of economic development of the USSR. Among the research provisions, general economic planning stands out as a key tool for the balanced dissemination of the elements of scientific and technological revolution in the interests of the entire population. Practice showed the validity of the advantages of socialism noted by researchers in a number of spheres. However, there were also significant imbalances in economic development, which were insufficiently worked out theoretically. The successes were concentrated mainly in the important strategic industries, while the production of consumer goods faced systemic difficulties. Ultimately, these imbalances started growing, and the intensive component of economic growth began declining. This tendency is substantiated by a system of motivations at different management levels, among employees. Public enthusiasm and intangible motives were substantial but limited, while economic incentives were insufficient. Nevertheless, despite the current dominance of an economic system being fundamentally different from the Soviet model, there are prerequisites of the growing relevance of turning to Soviet theories and practices in economic development based on advanced technologies. This is due to a significant degree of similar content of technologies attributed to the fourth industrial revolution, compared with the post-war stage of scientific and technological revolution. The new nature of technologies presupposes greater calculation possibilities in planning, the prospects for widespread automation of production, coupled with the need to form new, non-economic motives of work. Similar problems were widely discussed in the Soviet academic sources.

Industrial Structure Optimization of the Pearl River-Xijiang River Economic Belt under the Strategy of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

In order to promote industrial structure optimization of the Pearl River-Xijiang River Economic Belt (PR-XREB), the stage, direction and rate of the industrial transformation and upgrading of the PR-XREB from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed. The results showed that the PR-XREB was in the mid-prophase stage of industrialization, the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure was in a slow state. Both of the primary and secondary industry lags behind and the later even more serious. There was unbalance development among the PR-XREB. However, the upgrading rate of industrial structure in Guangdong 4 cities is obviously faster than that of 7 cities in Guangxi, and this economic development imbalance have a worse trend.

The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate in Latin America: Knowledge Gaps and the Urgency to Translate Science Into Action

Climate Change hazards to social-ecological systems are well-documented and the time to act is now. The IPCC-SROCC used the best available scientific knowledge to identify paths for effective adaptation and mitigation of climate change impacts on the ocean and cryosphere. Despite all the evidence highlighted by SROCC and the key role of the ocean and cryosphere for climate change at all levels, Latin America (LA) faces challenges to take effective action mostly due to socio-economic vulnerability, political instability and overall technical capacities. Countries have adopted diverse actions as the information needed by policy makers has been made available, not necessarily in accessible and inclusive ways. Regional imbalance in economic development, technological level, capacity development, societal involvement, and governmental oversight have contributed to skewed geographical and technological gaps of knowledge on key ecosystems and specific areas preventing effective climate actions/solutions. We analyze the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) from the region as proxies to the incorporation of IPCC recommendations. The gaps and opportunities for the uptake of ocean and climate science to political decision making is discussed as five key aspects: (i) climate assessment information and regional policies, (ii) knowledge production, (iii) knowledge accessibility, (iv) knowledge impact to policy, and (v) long term monitoring for decision making. We advocate that the uptake of SROCC findings in LA policies can be enhanced by: (a) embracing local realities and incorporating local, traditional and indigenous knowledge; (b) empowering locals to convey local knowledge to global assessments and adapt findings to local realities; (c) enhancing regional research capabilities; and (d) securing long-term sustainable ocean observations. Local and regional participation in knowledge production and provision enhances communication pathways, climate literacy and engagement which are key for effective action to be reflected in governance. Currently, the lack of accessible and inclusive information at the local level hampers the overall understanding, integration and engagement of the society to mitigate climate effects, perpetuates regional heterogeneity and threatens the efforts to reverse the course of climate change in LA. Local researchers should be empowered, encouraged, rewarded and better included in global climate-ocean scientific assessments.

Кредитно-інвестиційні чинники економічного зростання регіонів україни в умовах фінансово-економічної турбулентності

The important problem of regional development is the strengthening of interregional disparities due to the concentration of financial capital in some of the most economically developed and investment-attractive regions and its outflow from economically weaker regions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the spatial distribution of the processes of credit activity and capital investment in conditions of financial and economic turbulence, to assess their impact on the economic growth of the regions of Ukraine. The following methods were used for the study: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, graphical visualization, statistical. The article identifies trends and problems of spatial distribution of credit activity, capital investment and highlights the features of credit and investment development of regions in crisis conditions; the influence of credit and investment factors on the economic growth of the regions is estimated. It has been found that in Ukraine a high concentration of capital investment in highly developed regions does not always guarantee them high investment productivity. Regional development under the COVID-19 quarantine restrictions was often influenced by behavioral factors and a number of irrational decisions by economic entities. During 2020, the share of public capital investments increased, but these investments were often financed by international funds. However, unlike most developed countries, the main objects of investment were not the health care system (including its increased capacity to fight the pandemic) or the digitalisation of public services, but the objects of hard infrastructure. The article identifies the risks of economic growth of regions, in particular: the risk of delayed effect of economic growth in the short term, the risk of deepening imbalances in economic development of Ukraine, the risk of low productivity of public investment, the risk of increasing irrationality of consumer behavior in the short term.

Research on the Regional Environmental Protection and Imbalance of Economic Development in Qinghai Province

Due to differences in economic foundation, natural and geographical environment, and other factors, the regional economic development of Qinghai Province is unbalanced, and regional environmental protection is problematic. This paper uses the location entropy method and the coupling coordination model to evaluate the economic development and environmental protection of eight regions in Qinghai Province. Finally, combining the characteristics of economic development and natural environment in the main areas of Qinghai Province, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.