Image Restoration Theory Research Articles

Influence of Ethical PR Practices on Corporate Image during Scandals in Tanzania

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of ethical PR practices on corporate image during scandals in Tanzania. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that maintaining ethical standards significantly mitigates reputational damage. Ethical PR strategies, including transparency, accountability, and timely communication, help companies navigate crises more effectively. Transparency ensures that all relevant information is disclosed promptly, fostering trust among stakeholders. Accountability demonstrates a company's commitment to taking responsibility for its actions, which can help regain public trust. Timely communication ensures that the company controls the narrative, reducing the spread of misinformation. Studies indicate that companies employing ethical PR practices during scandals tend to recover faster and sustain less long-term damage to their corporate image. Additionally, these practices can turn a crisis into an opportunity to showcase the company's integrity and commitment to ethical standards, potentially strengthening its reputation in the long run. Overall, ethical PR practices are crucial in safeguarding and enhancing corporate image during and after scandals. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Situational crisis communication theory (SCCT), stakeholder theory and image restoration theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing influence of ethical PR practices on corporate image during scandals in Tanzania. Encourage organizations to establish proactive ethical guidelines for PR professionals. Advocate for the establishment of a regulatory framework that mandates ethical practices in PR. This policy can help standardize ethical behavior across the industry, enhancing corporate accountability.

Face-work in North American Presidential Debates: A Corpus-based Multi-theoretical Approach

As inherently confrontational contexts, North American presidential debates compel politicians to engage in image restoration efforts when targeted by a face-threatening act. Since the first televised debates in 1960, presidential campaigns have become increasingly mediatized and the need to defend against face-damage has increased, for there is still a need to uphold a favorable presidential image despite the prominence of impoliteness in these events. Although a longstanding tradition, there is still no framework for the combined analysis of threatening and defensive face-work in presidential debates. This paper presents a corpus-based three-fold analysis blending qualitative, quantitative and statistical methodologies to observe the evolution of facework in this context, focusing on impoliteness and image restoration manifestations. The selected corpus comprises the presidential debates of seven North American elections —one per decade—, providing an overview of the evolution of both phenomena. This methodology also allows insight into the frequency of specific strategies. The analysis adopts a multi-theoretical approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating Impoliteness theory (Culpeper, 1996) and Image restoration theory (Benoit and Wells, 1996) to create a comprehensive new approach to the study of face-work in presidential debates. Supported by results from Pearson’s Chi-square test, the combination of these theories was shown to be possible. The recurrence of attack-defense pairings integrating strategies from both theories also pointed to their necessary combination. While the recent incorporation of a female presidential candidate hinted at the potential gender variation of face-work in the debates, further data is needed to obtain conclusive results.

Introducing the Marginalized Image Navigation and Expression (MINE) principles via the confirmation hearings of judge Ketanji Brown Jackson

Image Restoration Theory (IRT) examines the strategies that people, especially public figures, and organizations use when they face image and reputational threats. Past scholarship has not fully accounted for the impact of identity on an individual or group’s ability to invoke image repair strategies. We examine the 2022 Supreme Court confirmation hearings of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson through an intersectional lens to spotlight the constraints that minoritized populations, generally, and Black women, specifically, encounter when responding to reputational threats. Given the legacies of patriarchy and whiteness that operate in the West, Black women often lack the standing in the eyes of the public to defend themselves against attacks and accusations, an experience we describe as nonpersonhood. This point suggests that image repair strategies are not neutral, but embedded within socio-political and historical contexts. Via our analysis, we introduce Marginalized Image Navigation and Expression (MINE) principles as a conceptual framework that is useful for understanding the nuanced ways that images are navigated, negotiated, and expressed, especially for marginalized persons. Finally, we examine the implications of our arguments in the context of reputational threats against minoritized people and organizations.The most disrespected person in America is the Black woman. The most unprotected person in America is the Black woman. The most neglected person in America is the Black woman.Malcolm X

Police Image Restoration: A Case Study of the Stampede (Crowd Crisis) at Kanjuruhan Malang

On October 1 2022, 131 people died in a "riot" at the Kanjuruhan Stadium, Malang, East Java. The riot occurred after Persebaya silenced Arema, the host football group. Arema supporters, who did not accept the defeat, then rushed into the stadium, so that the police (Polri) who were on guard at the location, dispersed the crowd by spraying tear gas, leaving the exit doors tightly closed, thus triggering massive panic. What happened in Kanjuruhan was an example of a stampede or crowd crisis which created chaotic conditions to the point that many were found dead. The aftermath of the tragedy was the erosion of public trust in the National Police institution. This research outlines the image restoration strategy of the National Police in overcoming the Kanjuruhan stampede, using Bennoit's Image Restoration theory. This qualitative research uses descriptive analysis to explain this phenomenon. The research results show that strategies to improve the image of the National Police, including denial, evading responsibility, reducing effectiveness, corrective action, mortification, have in fact proven to be ineffective. Because, this strategy failed to boost the institution's positive image. Thus, public trust in this institution has collapsed to this day.

The Best Practices and Strategies for Crisis Communication and Reputation Management in Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to the best practices and strategies for crisis communication and reputation management in Kenya
 Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
 Findings: the best practices and strategies for crisis communication and reputation management in Kenya revolve around timely and transparent communication, local context sensitivity, community engagement, digital media utilization, collaboration with traditional media, partnerships with government agencies, internal communication, preparedness, stakeholder engagement, and ethical conduct. These findings provide valuable insights for organizations and government bodies in Kenya seeking to navigate and mitigate the impact of crises while preserving their reputation.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), image restoration theory & cultural context theory may be used to anchor future studies on the best practices and strategies for crisis communication and reputation management in Kenya. Proactively develop crisis communication plans tailored to Kenya's unique challenges, such as natural disasters or political instability. Align crisis communication practices with Kenya's legal and regulatory framework, including data protection and media laws.

Fungsi Kehumasan dalam Membangun Citra Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Televisi Republik Indonesia (LPP TVRI) Stasiun Kalimantan Timur

LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station, which once had great power over Indonesian television, slowly began to decline. LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station has a goal to improve the image of the institution. The purpose of this research is to find out the public relations function and strategies by LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station in order to build their image and evaluate their strategies. This research uses a qualitative approach method and used Image Restoration Theory. The results showed that LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station made strategic efforts in accordance with the assumptions of image restoration theory. These strategies include socializing to not broadcasting discrimination, forming Fopersi, promoting through new media content, conducting assessments in employee recruitment, welcoming and accompanying guests to represent their image. It is undeniable that LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station has not been maximized in applying its strategies because it does not yet have its own public relations division in implementing its public relations functions, resulting in overload in carrying out its duties. It is important for LPP TVRI East Kalimantan Station consistently implementing its strategies so they can achieve the goal of building a positive image and strengthening its role as a unifying medium for the nation.

Strategi komunikasi image restoration mantan narapidana kasus narkoba di Aceh Tengah

In general, former prisoners want to participate socially so that their status is the same as that of other members of society. However, in reality, they often face social discrimination and negative stigma from their environment. This research question is: What is the message from former convicts in drug cases in the strategy to restore self-image in Central Aceh Regency? This research uses qualitative methods to obtain in-depth and natural data. Image Restoration Theory by William L. Benoit's is used as an analytical perspective. The research informants were four former drug convicts who had been socially reintegrated according to certain criteria. Data collection was carried out using unstructured interviews. Research data was analysed using the interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. This study found that the informants use a transcendental-multi-step flow communication model in their image restoration strategies. The messages used by informants in image restoration include the five strategies offered by Benoit. However, corrective action and mortification are important strategies in this case. The corrective action strategy is not just about being "clean" from drugs but also about making positive changes in various aspects, such as relationships, work, and religious practice. Apart from having a cognitive consonance effect, the mortification strategy can also repair damaged relationships. Through corrective action and mortification strategies, former prisoners build an image called the "image of repentance".

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI KRISIS HUMAS PEMKAB NGANJUK DALAM PEMULIHAN CITRA PASCA KASUS KORUPSI

Government organizations, in crisis conditions, need and are very important to maintain their reputation so that their image in the eyes of the public is viewed favorably, so that public trust in them can recover and stabilize. The role of social media in the image of a government organization is as a bridge of information and control of information lanes that are closely related to the image itself. Instagram social media is one of the means of information that is currently favored by millennial people to obtain information. Therefore, by using qualitative methods, researchers describe how a positive image of a government organization is important and how to apply crisis communication using image restoration theory developed by Benoit (1995). By conducting a case study on Instagram @diskominfo_nganjuk researchers observed how the role of Diskominfo's Instagram social media played a role in implementing crisis communication strategies in handling the issue of corruption cases that occurred in 2021. This is also related to Diskominfo's mission in information disclosure from the government to the public is one of the important things to be achieved by the Communication and Information Service. One of them was realized by the Nganjuk Regency Communication and Information Office by disseminating information, namely through @dinaskominfo_nganjuk Instagram content with various themes and topics around Nganjuk Regency information with the aim of disseminating information to be able to reach all circles of society.

A conceptual update to image restoration theory (IRT) via an analysis of the vice-presidential campaign of Kamala Harris

Image Restoration Theory (IRT) is a well-tested framework that explains strategies public figures can deploy when they face smear tactics and other severe image and reputational threats. To-date, scholars have not made central the identity (race and gender) of the attacked and examined how identity leads to other image repair options that have not been articulated until now. We examine ten of Kamala Harris’ speeches or interviews she gave during her vice-presidential campaign, centering racial and gender identity, because literature suggests that Black women public figures especially, often say little or at worst remain silent in the face of threats to their images to avoid being stigmatized and labeled stereotypically as angry, sassy, and aggressive. Via our analysis, we argue that the attack the accuser strategy warrants further nuancing between directly attacking the accuser and indirectly attacking the accuser—and while any person can use this strategy, by centering race and gender in our research we were able to unearth it. Finally, we discuss the implications of these claims in the context of how minoritized organizations and minoritized organizational spokespersons likewise might employ similar IRT response strategies when their images are threatened.

Indonesian public officials after erroneous statements about COVID-19: An application of image restoration theory

IntroductionThis study aimed to examine the tactics and strategies of Indonesian public officials to restore their reputation after making false claims and policies on coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). The significance of this study can be separated into two categories. First, the application of image restoration theory to public organizations and public officials is uncommon. Second, it is essential to analyze the application of this theory to diverse social, political, and economic contexts of emerging nations; as a result, these distinctions may lead to varied research conclusions.MethodologyA dataset of 2,000 Instagram posts by Indonesian public officials was generated to conduct the content analysis.ResultsThis study found that reducing offensiveness, evading responsibility, and taking corrective action are the three most commonly seen practices followed by Indonesian public officials. This study confirms that denial and mortification are employed exceedingly infrequently in non-Western countries because both these strategies are believed to diminish the image of public leaders in public view.DiscussionThis study presents the practical implications that public officials or public relations experts who represent them must be cautious since it can have severe implications on their reputation. This study also argues that erroneous claims when posted by public officials attract unwanted public attention and negatively affect their image. Furthermore, this study provides practical implications for public officials and their representatives to be more cautious while handling media accounts.

Study on the image restoration strategy and effect of corporates in crisis situations based on text mining

A corporate's reputation may be significantly impacted by how it handles emergencies. To investigate the effect of different coping strategies on corporate image restoration, we collected 47 representative events of corporates in different industries as well as relevant comments from Weibo. Based on the image restoration theory proposed by Benoit, the effects of different strategies on corporate reputation restoration were analyzed by using sentiment analysis and the topic model. We found that the two strategies of corrective action and mortification can usually better alleviate the negative emotions of the public. On the contrary, if corporates respond with strategies of denial, evading responsibility, or reducing offensiveness, there could be strong feelings of dissatisfaction. The case study of the food industry also finds that even if the effect of alleviating the negative emotions of the public is not significant, an appropriate response could shift the attention of some consumers and to some extent serve the purpose of restoring the corporate reputation.

Analysis of Indonesian Government Public Communication based on Image Restoration Theory

The spread of Covid-19 virus in all around the world has been happening so fast and massive. In addition, this corona virus has gotten a multidimensional crisis in the world. All countries are working hard to fight the spread of the virus either from medical side or country's policy. In Indonesia was the corona virus detected and confirmed after 4 months from the 1st case in Wuhan on November 2019. Along that 4-month period, many questions were being inquired by Indonesian legislative members about the spread of this corona virus. This journal discusses the analysis of public communication which has been performed by the Indonesian government in the face of the spreading of this Covid-19 from February to April 2020. This journal utilizes communication research which focuses on Image Restoration Theory (TIR), providing strategy in restoring image by denying strategy, evading responsibility strategy, deducting offense, corrective action and shouldering the crisis impact. he result of this research discovers that government has not been optimal to undergo the manual of crisis communication in common way, starting from confused communication message, inconsistent declaration, awkward use of social media. Eventually, government has not involved the stakeholders maximally.

KOMUNIKASI KRISIS PT. JOUSKA FINANSIAL INDONESIA DALAM PEMULIHAN CITRA PERUSAHAAN

Jouska is an independent financial advisory company that provides offline and online consulting services that recently went viral in social media and had a strong brand image as a financial consultant related to today's needs. In July 2020, social media was outraged by the complaint, which claimed to have been harmed by them, because Jouska allegedly directed their clients to determine an Investor Fund Account Management Contract (RDI) with PT Mahesa Strategies Indonesia, whose shares are affiliated with Jouska. However, during the development, the client experienced a significant loss in the shares. This situation turned out to be similar complaints from other clients until Jouska underwent a crisis that led to the government's blocking, and the case ended in the realm of law. This study aims to analyze the communication that presents Image Restoration Theory through a lens. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, and it was found that Jouska did not yet have a clear SOP for communication with clients and had not implemented crisis management appropriately. There are several recommendations that Jouska can achieve to restore public trust, including collaborative action with various parties, building a communication strategy, and optimal media relations.

A Mathematical Morphology Algorithm for Detection and Counting of Nuclear Tracks

Solid state nuclear track detection plays an extremely important role in the field of nuclear technology, but artificial cognition is extremely time-consuming and labor-consuming. In this paper, an automatic measurement system of solid state nuclear track is proposed, in which the microscopic image of the nuclear track is obtained by the camera and processed digitally, and then use software to identify the image content. Based on the image restoration theory, this paper preprocesses such as noise elimination and luminance correction, and the mathematical morphology algorithm is used for track counting and parameter estimation. The comparison results between automatic recognition and manual recognition show that the algorithm can effectively identify track points from images under different conditions and improve work efficiency.

Sustainability reporting after the Costa Concordia disaster: a multi-theory study on legitimacy, impression management and image restoration

PurposeCan sustainability disclosures be a tool for executing image restoration strategies after corporate manslaughter? This is the question explored in this study of Costa Crociere's sustainability reports after the Concordia disaster.Design/methodology/approachMerging traditional textual content analysis with visual analysis and supported by machine learning tools, this is a predominantly qualitative study framed by legitimacy theory, image restoration theory and impression management.FindingsCosta Crociere's voluntary sustainability reporting is strongly influenced by a mix of text and visual signals that distract readers' attention from the disaster. A “nothing really happened” communication strategy pervades the disclosures, with the only rational motivation being to change perceptions and erase memories of this tragic and avoidable event.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the analysis covered multiple sources of corporate information, media coverage was not one of them. A more in-depth exploration of sustainability reporting in the cruise industry, including evidence of similar cases, to test impression management theory would be a worthwhile avenue for future research.Social implicationsWhile Costa Crociere technically followed the customary guidelines of disclosing human resource impacts, there was almost no acknowledgement of the people involved in the accident. Costa Concierevastly understated their responsibility for the accident, did not apologize, and conveyed very little remorse. The majority of disclosures centred on disaster recovery management.Originality/valueThe authors discuss why and how a company can overcome a legitimacy threat by completely freezing its voluntary sustainability reporting, and the authors show how a company can restore its image by minimizing specific aspects of an accident and shifting attention from the human victims to corporate operations. Incorporating image recognition driven by AI models and combining the results with narrative disclosures contributes an innovative and original analysis technique to the field of impression management. In addition, this research also contributes to our knowledge on the cruise industry – a sector currently under scrutiny for its ethical, social and environmental practices.

Damage control: Canadian University crisis management responses to sexual assault

ABSTRACT The current study investigates media coverage of two cases of sexual assault allegations involving university athletes through a qualitative content analysis of newspaper reports of each case. The highly divergent coverage of university responses to the incidents are discussed within established organizational crisis management frameworks of Image Restoration Theory and Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Recommendations are made for handling of future cases.

Weibo Public Opinion Guidance Strategy Under Dual Vision of Sentiment Analysis and Image Restoration Theory

The grievance subject coping strategies often affect the public's emotional changes, thus affecting the direction of lyrics. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the public opinion guiding strategy from the emotional aspect. This paper establishes a research model combining emotion analysis and image restoration theory. Firstly, it uses text analysis to deal with Weibo public opinion, and initially understands the public's concern about the microblogging public opinion. Then, using sentiment analysis as the technical basis, it explores public microblogging public opinion. The emotional trend, and finally combined with the image restoration theory, the tactical choice of the lyrical subject to guide the lyrics. Through the combination of empirical analysis and analysis, the feasibility of the relevant theory is proved, and the coping strategies are proposed for the main body of the public opinion to guide the public opinion.

Weibo Public Opinion Guidance Strategy Under Dual Vision of Sentiment Analysis and Image Restoration Theory

Weibo Public Opinion Guidance Strategy Under Dual Vision of Sentiment Analysis and Image Restoration Theory

When sorry is not an option: CSR reporting and ‘face work’ in a stigmatised industry – A case study of Barrick (Acacia) gold mine in Tanzania

This paper investigates how a stigmatised company mobilised accounting, particularly CSR reporting, to manage a crisis of legitimacy and spoiled identity following a series of social and environmental crises. Specifically, it uses Goffman’s (1959, 1963) writings on stigma and presentation of self and Benoit’s (1995) image restoration theory to explore how a large mining company in Tanzania used various strategic responses in striving to distance and dissociate itself from the attached ‘stigma’. The evidence shows that, in response to attacks from pressure-group organisations, rather than apologising for the social and environmental crises, the company was preocupied with ‘defensive stigma management’ strategies, including denial and refocusing attention, evading responsibility, image bolstering, excuses and dissociation. Drawing on our findings, we argue that, rather than making the effects of stigma more visible, accounting and CSR disclosures were mobilised to conceal the threats of stigma, manage the legitimacy crisis and repair spoiled identity. This study moves beyond the current focus on legitimacy in the extant CSR reporting literature, by bringing in the concept of organisational stigma to examine stigma management strategies implemented by a company operating in a stigmatised industry to avoid, reduce or minimise its audiences’ disapproval.

Employer Postcrisis Image Restoration: Implications for Recruitment

A crisis can severely tarnish a company’s image and attempts to restore the damaged image may negatively affect postcrisis recruitment efforts. Because company image plays an important role in job seeker attraction, and company crises are on the rise, we examined the effects of postcrisis image restoration on job seeker attraction. We applied image restoration theory to a repeated-measures 2 (negative or neutral company information at Time 1) × 3 (two types of image restoration, and neutral for the same company at Time 2) factorial experimental design. We used the psychology of apologies to understand the underlying mechanisms by which a company’s image changes in the context of image restoration. Results showed that Time 2 ratings of image were more positive after restoration attempts; however, there was no significant difference between the two types of restoration or with the neutral condition. We also found that attraction to the organization assessed at Time 2 fully mediated the relationship between perceptions of image and intentions to pursue a job opportunity. The implications of our findings are that the valence of image restoration influences job seekers’ pursuant behavior more than what is said within image restoration.