Ikorodu Local Government Research Articles

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Lassa virus infection in South-West and North-Central Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Understanding the level of exposure to Lassa virus (LASV) in at-risk communities allows for the administration of effective preventive interventions to mitigate epidemics of Lassa fever. We assessed the seroprevalence of LASV antibodies in rural and semiurban communities of two cosmopolitan cities in Nigeria with poorly understood Lassa epidemiology. A cross-sectional study was conducted in ten communities located in the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Abuja, and Ikorodu Local Government Area (LGA), Lagos, from February 2nd to July 5th, 2022. Serum samples collected from participants were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies using a ReLASV® Pan-Lassa NP IgG/IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. A questionnaire administered to participants collected self-reported sociodemographic and LASV exposure information. Seroprevalence of LASV IgG/IgM was estimated overall, and by study site. Univariate and multivariate log-binomial models estimated unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for site-specific risk factors for LASV seropositivity. Grouped Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was used for variable selection for multivariate analysis. A total of 628 participants with serum samples were included in the study. Most participants were female (434, 69%), married (459, 73%), and had a median age of 38 years (interquartile range 28-50). The overall seroprevalence was 27% (171/628), with a prevalence of 33% (126/376) in Abuja and 18% (45/252) in Lagos. Based on site-specific grouped LASSO selection, enrollment in the dry season (vs. wet; aPR, 95% CI: 1.73, 1.33-2.24), reported inconsistent washing of fruits and vegetables (aPR, 95% CI: 1.45, 1.10-1.92), and a positive malaria rapid test (aPR, 95% CI: 1.48, 1.09-2.00) were independently associated with LASV seropositivity in Abuja, whereas, only a self-reported history of rhinorrhea (PR, 95% CI: 2.21, 1.31-3.72) was independently associated with Lassa seropositivity in Lagos. The LASV seroprevalence was comparable to that in other areas in Nigeria. Our findings corroborate those from other studies on the importance of limiting human exposure to rodents and focusing on behavioral factors such as poor hygiene practices to reduce exposure to LASV.

Access to credit and its effect on poultry farmers’ productivity: A case study of layer chicken farmers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

Despite the relevance of the poultry sub-sector to the economy of Nigeria and the capital-intensive nature of poultry production, many poultry farmers are unable to access adequate credit which affects their productivity. This study was therefore conducted to understand the effect access to credit has on farmers’ productivity, with emphasis on layer producers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 114 layer producers. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Total Factor Productivity, and Tobit regression model. The result of this study showed that though most of the layer producers had access to credit (87.6%), not all of them obtained credit (67.0%) from the sources where credit can be accessed. It also revealed that layer farmers with access to credit (4.88±1.99) were marginally more productive than layer producers without access to credit (4.22±2.22). The study finally revealed that while socio-economic variables such as sex of layer farmers, marital status of layer farmers, household size of layer farmers, and membership of cooperative association significantly influenced productivity of layer farmers, access to credit also significantly influenced the productivity of layer farmers. The study recommended that the government should enforce policies relating to ease of accessing credit from financial institutions.

Geoenvironmental Assessment of the Impacts of Ewu-Elepe Dumpsite on Soil and Groundwater Resources at Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria

The environmental status of the municipal solid waste dumpsite at Ewu-Elepe, Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State was investigated. A total of seventeen (17) samples consisting of twelve (12) soils, three (3) groundwater and two (2) leachate samples were collected and analyzed for different parameters using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results revealed that in the leachate samples, all the heavy metals, Cl- , COD, salinity, and conductivity contents showed significant increase. The physicochemical results for the groundwater samples agreed with the international standards for drinking water, except for high cadmium content (0.009mg/l) recorded in the groundwater sample W1 which exceeded the NSDWQ and WHO permissible limits of 0.003 and 0.005mg/l respectively for drinking water, and high manganese content (0.09mg/l) recorded also in W1. The results of soil samples from the dumpsite showed that the concentration of all the heavy metals, Zn (23.5mg/kg), Cu (10.8mg/kg), Cr (14.2mg/kg), Ni (3.47mg/kg) and Pb (19.0mg/kg) fall below the Sediment Quality Criteria ISQG-Low level and the Lowest Effect Range of the New York Sediment Criteria except for Cd (16.60mg/kg) which is even higher than the High Effect Range of both the New York sediment Criteria and the Sediment Quality Criteria that the soil within the dumpsite have been moderately impacted is further demonstrated by the application of environmentric parameters treatment such as Contamination Factor (CF), Geo-accumulation Index, Enrichment Factor (EF) and Ecological Risk Factor Analyses. The results of the sediment quality assessment are good evidence to confirm that the soil of the dumpsite is highly polluted with cadmium (Cd), and moderately contaminated with lead (Pb). This study reveals that the solid waste dumpsite is affecting the natural quality of the ambient environment. Therefore, indiscriminate dumping of solid waste at the dumpsite should be prohibited.

PERFORMANCE OF CATFISH (CLARIASGARIEPINUS) FARMING IN IKORODU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Background: In a growing nation like Nigeria, where millions of its teeming people suffer from malnutrition, the need for proper nutrition is especially important. Nigerians consume a lot of fish, with a 3.6 million metric ton annual demand. Yet, there is a national demand-supply mismatch of 2.5 million metric tons, and imports are used to make up the difference at a cost of about 625 million US dollars annually. Hence, the demand-supply gap can be effectively closed by starting widespread small- and large-scale fish production.Objective: The study examined the Per for mance of catfish, Clarias gariepinus farming in Ikorodu Local Government area, Lagos State, Nigeria.Methods: 50 randomly selected far mer s from the Ikorodu LGA completed a standardized questionnaire to gather the primary data for the analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an assessment of net farm revenue.Results: The results of the budgetary analysis showed that the total cost (TC) of ₦4,234,313 ($9,993.27) was incurred, total revenue (TR) of ₦4,953,125 ($11,689.71) and a returning gross margin (GM) of ₦787,312.50 ($1,858.11) were attained. The benefit-cost ratio was 1.17, the rate of return on investment was 0.17, the gross revenue ratio was 0.16 and an operating ratio of 0.84. This indicates that catfish farming is marginally profitable due to the high cost of fish feed which was 84 % of the total cost of production in the study area

Analysis of the Factors Contributing to the Lagos State Public Housing Development Scheme Vandalism

The Lagos state government has expressed disapproval of the looting and vandalism of its housing scheme, which frequently results in delays in its housing delivery agenda and sustainability violations in its housing estates. This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to the persistent vandalism of public housing developments in the study area using a quantitative approach. It seeks to determine the order of importance of these factors and identify the underlying causes. The research strategy in this study involved adopting a quantitative approach to gather data on factors contributing to vandalism in public housing developments in Agbowa and Igbogbo towns, in Epe Local government area and Ikorodu Local government area, Lagos State respectively. Three hundred semi-structured questionnaires were distributed among the household heads in Agbowa and Igbogbo of Epe LGA and Ikorodu LGA respectively, with a 76% response rate. The data analysis involved the Relative Importance Index (RII) to rank contributing factors and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to identify and validate the underlying significant factors. The RII ranked factors based on their perceived importance, highlighting unemployment, poverty, and insecurity as the most important factors contributing to vandalism. Subsequent EFA revealed three underlying factors—economic breakdown, societal challenges, and socio-cultural challenges—explaining 68.70% of the total variance. Factor rotation was applied to enhance interpretation accuracy, resulting in a clear structure of three components. The study confirms instrument reliability and validity through Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability calculations. Practical implications for policymakers and stakeholders in addressing housing infrastructure vandalism challenges are discussed.

Perception and reasons for the choice of informal provider among women receiving antenatal care services from traditional birth attendants in rural communities of Lagos state, Nigeria.

Unskilled delivery, particularly the use of traditional birth attendants, is a major threat to reducing maternal mortality in Africa. Despite the associated risks, there is insufficient evidence on the major reasons why pregnant women in Nigeria continue to use traditional birth attendant (TBA) services, especially in rural areas. This study, therefore, assessed the perception, reasons for use, and utilization of only TBA services in current pregnancy among rural-dwelling pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 pregnant women recruited from traditional birth attendant facilities at Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos. Data were collected with an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted with a significance level set at p<0.05. The outcome measures included perception, utilization of only TBA services in current pregnancy, and reasons for use. Positive perception refers to positive thought, belief, or opinion held by the participants towards the TBA. All the respondents had a positive perception of TBAs, majority (70.3%) utilized TBA only while 29.7% combined TBA and healthcare facilities services in the current pregnancy. Recommendations from previous users (81.6%), welcoming and hospitable staff (77.2%), perceived spiritual protection (75.2%), and past use (68.6%), were some of the reasons cited by the respondents for utilizing only TBA services. Predictors of utilizing only TBA services were respondents' level of education, those with secondary (aOR = 0.261; 95% CI; 0.108-0.629) and tertiary (aOR = 0.352; 95% CI; 0.162-0.769) had lower utilization while the lack of health insurance coverage (aOR = 3.017; 95% CI; 1.476-6.166) were associated with higher utilization of TBAs. Respondents in this study had a positive perception of TBA services. Continuous training and an effective monitoring system of TBAs by the government and other healthcare stakeholders to improve women's birthing experiences is recommended.

Barriers to acute management of diarrhea in the home setting: An explorative study of under-five caregivers in southwestern Nigeria

Objectives: Diarrhea remains the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age. Persistent mortality and poor outcomes despite available treatments such as oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc tablets are indicators of possible barriers to home management among under-five caregivers. This study was designed to explore the potential barriers encountered by under-five caregivers in providing home management for acute diarrhea within the first 24 hours of recognition. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted among under-five caregivers attending Primary Health Centers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Twelve under-five caregivers, who indicated in the larger cross-sectional study that they did not provide any form of home management for the child within the first 24 hours of recognizing diarrhea were interviewed. Interviews were recorded. Naturalized transcription, peer in vivo inductive coding, and debriefing w ere done. Th ematic a nalysis was c onducted and findings were presented as themes and subthemes. Results: Three themes emerged: (1) Waiting for natural stoppage of diarrhea, (2) perceived function of ORS/ zinc, and (3) disconnect between potential consequences of diarrhea and action taken. Subthemes include perceived cause and seriousness of diarrhea, misdiagnosis, misinformation on the functions of ORS/ zinc from health-care providers, and lack of awareness of potential consequences of untreated diarrhea. Conclusion: The study showed that the main barriers to providing adequate home management were caregivers’ perception of the cause and seriousness of diarrhea and the misinformation about the function of ORS and zinc therapy. Continuous and accurate education of under-five caregivers would improve the timely initiation of ORS/ zinc and correct home management of acute diarrhea.

Virtual and augmented reality as predictors of users’ intention to use Lagos State Public Library, Lagos State, Nigeria

PurposeVirtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are a significant part of smart libraries in the information age. Hence, their adoption is inevitable in the technological age. This study aims to examine VR and AR as predictors of library users’ intention to make use of public libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a descriptive survey approach. Using the random sampling technique, a questionnaire was adopted to collect data from the users of public libraries in Ikorodu Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. The sample size for the study is 229. Data were analysed using the IBM-Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (version 23). Descriptive statistics (frequency counts and simple percentage) and inferential statistical (simple linear regression and Sobel test) were used to analyse collected data.FindingsThe findings revealed that the users have a positive valence towards VR and AR. Results showed that library users would be influenced by subjective norms to make use of VR and AR. Findings revealed that users need the cooperation of librarians to use the technologies.Originality/valueThe study established that the users have a positive attitude and normative beliefs towards using the library if VR and AR technologies are introduced in library and information services in public libraries. This provides a theoretical underpinning to use VR and AR to enhance users’ intention to use public library.

Deposition and Microbial Analyses from Roof-Top Sediments Within Different Sanitation Environments

Since the building roof acts as hub for atmospheric sediment deposition, the attached microbes can enter rainwater storage tank with ease to cause health issue for rainwater users. This study aims to explore the trend of roof-top deposited microbes in the different areas of Ikorodu local Government Area at Lagos, Nigeria. This paper also tests the hypothesis that the roof sediment deposition being a significant source to home bacteria. The total deposition rate on the roof for 34 weeks, which include 17 rainy and 17 dry weeks, were investigated. The enumerated bacteria was obtained from the roof deposit samples, where four representative different sites have been analysed to study the solid depositions and microbes within the area thoroughly. The sites were selected judging by their levels of sanitation and vegetation rate. The experimental investigations showed that enumerated microbes and total suspended solid (TSS) depositions in the different areas were higher in the dry season compared to rainy season, and the highest deposition was experienced in the Harmattan period. In addition, the results showed that areas with poor drainage infrastructure and poor sanitation have the roof-top deposition with higher bacterial count than good sanitation areas; while the unpaved and unvegetated areas produced higher deposits than the paved and vegetated areas. In terms of contamination sources, this study has illustrated that the particulate deposition on the roof-top prior to collection has further contaminated the roof-harvested rainwater.

INFORMATION DISSEMINATION, WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, AND DECENT SOCIETY TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF LAGOS STATE: IKORODU LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNDERSTUDY

Greater knowledge of good societal, values and systems of waste reduction through information disseminations can enhance citizens ability to involve in waste management. Information on proper waste management for decent environment in any given society remains inevitable. As part of 2030 Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs), emphases are put on the decent environment and infrastructural development to make the world a better place for all. Ensuring the reduction of environmental risk to human health and general wellbeing in all works of life is a social responsibility for all. Lagos State, like any other modern city is faced with some noticeable challenges in the management of its waste hence, posed health challenges to the environment at large. This study covers 227 randomly selected participants from members of the general public residing in Lagos within the study area, Ikorodu Local Government. Research Instrument namely Information Dissemination and Waste Management (IDWM), Waste Management and Decent Society (WMDS) and Waste Management and Sustainable Development (WMSD) were developed for this study. The descriptive statistics were used to interpret data while the hypothesis testing was carried out using Pearson’s Statistical Correlation Tool. From the findings of the study, it was deduced that there is a significant relationship between Information Dissemination and Waste Management in Lagos metropolis towards sustainable Development. Recommendations were made, which include sensitisation of general public through all mean of information dissemination tools on the benefits of descent environment and societal wellness.

Street youths: reproductive health risk status, reproductive health challenges and barriers to health services utilization in a southwestern City, Nigeria.

According to the United Nations, about 150 million youth spent most of their time on the street, or better still, homeless. This is becoming a global phenomenon and majority of this vulnerable people live in large cities and urban areas of developing countries. Street youths are among the high risk, insecure and vulnerable groups who are often exposedto various forms of abuses and diseases, including reproductive health issues. A descriptive cross sectional study carried out among street youths in Ikorodu Local Government, Lagos State using a multi staged sampling technique. Frequency tables were drawn at the univariate level, chi squared was used to test for association between socio-demographic characteristics and sexual risk level. Data was analyzed using SPPSS version 22, p value was set at 0.05. Almost half 48(48.5%) of the respondents were between the age range 20-24years and two third 61(61.6%) of them were female and 27(27.3%) had up to senior secondary education attainments. Majority 73(73.7%) of them have been on the street for more than 3months and 32 (32.3%) professed that the reason they were on the street was to search for job while 25 (25.3%) because of family disharmony among parents. Eighty six (86.9%) of the respondents were sexually active, 31 (36.0%) of which have more than four sexual partners. Duration of stay on the street and their educational status were determinants of risky sexual behavior and polygamous setting was found to be statistically significant(p value =0.035) with reproductive health challenges. There is high risk sexual practice among street youths in Ikorodu Local Government. Strategic interventions aimed at minimizing sexual risky behaviors among street youths should focus on reducing the duration of stay on the street as well as increasing access to contraception.

Distribution of Cancer and Cancer Screening and Treatment Services in Lagos: A 10-Year Review of Hospital Records.

In Lagos State, Nigeria, the population distribution of cancers is poorly described because studies are conducted at a few tertiary hospitals. Therefore, this study aims to map all health facilities where cancer screening takes place and describe the cases of cancer screened for and treated. A cross-sectional survey to identify facilities involved in screening and management of cancers was performed followed by extraction of data on individual cases of cancer screened for and treated at these facilities from 2011 to 2020. All health care facilities in the state were visited, and the survey was performed using standardized national tools modified to capture additional information on cancer screening and treatment. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 14 and R version 3.6.3. Cervical cancer was the commonest cancer, accounting for 55% of 2,420 cancers screened, followed by breast (41%), prostate (4%), and colorectal cancers (0.2%). Of the 7,682 cancers treated among Lagos residents, the top five were breast (45%), colorectal (8%), cervical (8%), prostate (5%), and ovarian (4%). The female:male ratio of cancer cases was 3:1. The peak age for cancer among females and males was in the 40- to 49-year age group and 60- to 69-year age group, respectively. The Ikorodu local government area had the highest rate of reported cancer per million population. Cancer screening is poor with a significant gap in screening for breast cancer since it is the commonest cancer in the state. The findings indicate the urgent need for the establishment of organized screening programs for the predominant cancers in the state and the prioritization of cancer research that addresses key policy and program questions.

Detection and Co-occurrence of kdr (F1534C and S989P) Mutations in Multiple Insecticides Resistant Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Nigeria.

The outbreak of yellow fever virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti has been of major concern in Nigeria, this mosquito also transmits several other arboviruses globally. The control of many vectors of mosquito-borne diseases relies heavily on the use of insecticides. Therefore, constant monitoring of insecticide resistance status and associated mechanisms is crucial within the local mosquito population. Here, we determined the resistance profile of adult Ae. aegypti from Majidun and Oke Ota communities, Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria to different classes of insecticides using WHO procedures. The resistant phenotypes of Ae. aegypti were screened for the presence of kdr mutations F1534C, S989P, and V1016G, which have been implicated in insecticide resistance in yellow fever vectors. A high level of resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was recorded in Ae. aegypti in this study, although possible resistance to deltamethrin, one of the pyrethroids was reported in one of the locations. Resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in the Majidun community while Ae. aegypti in both locations were susceptible to malathion. The presence of F1534C mutation associated with DDT and deltamethrin resistance in Ae. aegypti population, and the presence of S989P mutation were detected singly and in co-occurrence with F1534C for the first time in Africa, while V1016G mutation was not detected in this study. The role of these mutations in resistance phenotype expressed in Ae. aegypti in larger populations needs to be established.

Nutritional Knowledge and Feeding Practice among Mothers of Under-Five Children Attending Primary Health Care Clinic in Ikorodu Local Government Area

Nutrition is an important part of a child’s growth and development, especially the first two years of life considered to be the window of opportunity where we can improve the wellbeing of a child. This study, therefore, investigated mother’s nutritional knowledge and the nutritional status of their children in a selected health centre in Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 400 participants for the study. A 43-item validated semi-structured questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.71; 0.72; 0.70 was used to collect data. Frequency, pie chart, Chi-square, and correlation analysis was conducted to give statistical responses to the research question and hypotheses using SPSS version 23. The mean age of the respondents was 30 ± 6.4 years. More than half (56.6%) of the respondents were married, 70% were Yoruba’s, and 61.3% were Christians. Respondents mean knowledge score was 5.9±1.96, while most (78.8%) of the respondents had good nutritional knowledge. Respondents mean child feeding practices score was 6.05±1.98, with more than half (59.2%) of the respondents having good child feeding practices. There was a significant relationship between respondent’s knowledge of nutrition and their child feeding practices (r=-0.13, p value= 0.007). In conclusion the mothers’ nutritional knowledge was good, the study further showed that there is a significant association between mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the nutritional status of the children. The study recommended that women should be educated by trained nutritionists on the types of locally available foods that promote growth in children during ante-natal clinics.

Adaptation strategies to land grabbing among agri-preneurs in Lagos State, Nigeria

The study identified adaptation strategies to land grabbing among agri-preneurs using three stage sampling technique. First was purposive selection of Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu Local Governments. Second stage was selection of communities mostly affected by land grabbing activities; third stage involved use of representative sampling technique to select sixty respondents. Data collected through interview schedule were analyzed using percentage and chi-square. Results showed that increased urbanization 48.3% accounted for major cause of land grabbing. Building and construction was used by 60% of the respondents as the most effective preventive measure. The majority (83.3%) of the respondents used change in farming system as their coping strategies. A significant relationship existed between education status and coping strategies (X2= 11.7). Land grabbing is gradually driving agricultural production into extinction in Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu Local Government Areas mostly known for agricultural production. Equipping farmers with adequate knowledge on different farming system such as mixed cropping, mixed farming and integrated farming system. Extension services should be geared towards giving farmers technical advice and information on how to effectively use the little land at their disposal and Government should assist farmers by ensuring strict adherence to formulated policy on land grab matters.

Seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G and E among out-patients with malaria in Ikorodu LGA, Lagos, Nigeria

Background. Global response to malaria has stalled, despite increased malaria control efforts worldwide. Antibodies are among the immune factors that play a role in mediating protection in malaria, although the mechanism remain unclear. The study evaluated profile of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) and E (IgE) among malaria cases. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional survey of individuals that presented with malaria symptoms and assessed diagnostic care at selected health facilities in Ikorodu Local Government Area (LGA) of Lagos State, Nigeria. Demographic information was recorded using structured questionnaire. Malaria diagnosis was done by microscopy, ELISA was used to evaluate plasma IgG and IgE profiles among malaria positive and control group. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: LgE plasma level (34760.63±2954.5 pg/ml, p=0.005) was significantly higher in malaria positive cases compared with negative control group (19912.12± 6762.6pg/ml, p&lt;0.01). In contrast, no significant difference between IgG levels in malaria positive (4936.53±211.4 pg/ml) and negative cases (4861.64 498.8pg/ml; p =0.297). Age and IgG profile correlated (r = 0.192; p = 0.010); and negative correlation between IgE profile and age although not significant (r= -0.008; p= 0.911). LgE correlated negatively with parasite density, although not significant (r = -0.019; p =0.833). IgG levels correlated with PCV (r =-0.27; p = 0.001), while IgE did not correlate. Conclusion: This study demonstrated increased IgE in uncomplicated malaria cases, and suggests that malaria could be a key differential diagnosis in acutely febrile patients with abnormally elevated IgE levels in malaria endemic area.

Pulse oximetry and oxygen services for the care of children with pneumonia attending frontline health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria (INSPIRING-Lagos): study protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation

IntroductionThe aim of this evaluation is to understand whether introducing stabilisation rooms equipped with pulse oximetry and oxygen systems to frontline health facilities in Ikorodu, Lagos State, alongside healthcare worker...

Groundwater Quality Assessment of Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State in Nigeria

An assessment of the quality of groundwater in Ikorodu Local Government Area (LGA) was carried out in September 2020 (Late wet season). A total number of 29 samples were collected from different selected locations of the study area. The samples were collected from private and government bore holes. The pH, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Salinity, Turbidity, Hardness, Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Phosphate, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Total bacterial count (TBC) were determined according to American Public Health Association (APHA) standard techniques. The results showed that the mean pH, TDS, Salinity, Turbidity, Hardness, BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate, Sulphate, and TBC in the water samples were 7.0 ±0.59, 176.0 ±132.2mg/L, 0.14 ±0.11g/kg, 0.32 ±0.05 NTU, 59.58 ±34.89mg/L, 11.59 ±3.41mg/L, 14.90 ±4.18mg/L, 0.97 ±0.46mg/L, 2.62 ±1.27mg/L, 9.44 ±5.94mg/L, and 4.92 ±2.94 x 102 cfu/mL, respectively. The calculated Water quality index (WQI) of the different sampling points showed the least WQI was 50.3 and the highest WQI was 66.9. Overall, the WQI indicated “Poor” quality of groundwater in the Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State.

Office Technology and Change Management amid Covid-19 Pandemic Study of Ikorodu Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria

Office technology has not only improved the efficiency of office work but changes the nature of office work in general. Office Technology is the use of electronic devices to increase performance in workplace, the development of office systems raises several issues for the organization. Invention of modern Office systems have the potential to bring about profound changes in organization, this changes, if not well managed will affect the aims and objectives of the organization. This paper detailed and focused on The challenges in advancement in Office Technology and the changes involved in organization, how changes in technology are managed for efficiency in an organization, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria, using Ikorodu Local Government as a case study. The study used descriptive statistics which include tables, percentages, and graph. Questionnaires were used as the major research instruments. Three hundred (300 ) questionnaires were distributed among workers in Ikorodu Local Government and Two Hundred (200) were returned, hence, the study population. Two main research questions were formulated to guide the study, relevant Technology and change Management theories were used in this study. Data collected were presented in frequency tables and percentages, graphical representation were made to analyze. Discussions were made to each table and figure. It was deduced from this study that the pandemic era has led to advancement in technology in office system, hence, change is inevitable in office scenario. Based on the findings, this study recommended among other things that, Change in organization should be gradual and there should be training and retraining of office workers that involves in the use of sophisticated office equipment to be able to cope with changes technology bring in the workplace Keyword: Automation, Organization, Change, Management, Worker Journal Reference Format: Lawal, A., Damisola, O. Adewumi &amp; Idiake, C.O. (2022): Office Technology and Change Management amid Covid-19 Pandemic Study of Ikorodu Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw, Environmental Sciences &amp; Technology Journal. Vol. 8, No. 1 Pp 9-18 Article DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/SIJ/V8N1P2. www.isteams/socialinformaticsjournal

RISK FACTORS AND PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG RESIDENTS OF LAGOS, NIGERIA

This study investigated the type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk factors and prevalence among residents of Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. This research was a cross-sectional study involving Ehi, Pharcept and Divine Intervention Medical centers. The demographics of 106 patients living with diabetes were collected and analyzed to characterize people living with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) in Ikorodu LGA. Written ethical approval was obtained from the health facilities visited. Administrative personnel in the health facilities assisted with the medical files of participants. Participants were interviewed and their consent was sought. Cronbach Alpha value of 0.79 was obtained for the questionnaire’s reliability. Filled copies of questionnaires were collected and analyzed using frequency, percentages and regression analysis. The results showed the prevalence of diabetes in the study area increased with age and diet was the most risk factor. No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of diabetes in men and women with a P-value of 0.195. The study revealed that persons with T1DM and T2DM were predominantly between ages 41 and 60, although they were mostly middle class, non-smokers and Christians. Unhealthy diets (eating mostly carbohydrates) devoid of vegetables and proteins should be avoided by urban dwellers for good quality health; as revealed in the study that diet posed a key risk factor, especially for T2DM. The study recommends intensive efforts by healthcare professionals and stakeholders to put in place structured diabetes care and prevention program for residents.