Hierarchy Of Identities Research Articles

The future image as a component of political subjective space: testing the conceptual model

The image of the future of youth is described in this paper and its relationship with the subjective space of politics is identified. The article provides a brief analysis of research on the image of the future within the framework of social and political sciences, describes the main theoretical approaches to analyzing the future image of youth. The authors give their own conceptual definition of the future image as a component of the political subjective space, a set of symbolic, ideological and cultural meanings that determine the orientation and behavior of various political actors. The authors as a methodology use focus group interviews, online questionnaires of youth representatives in order to verify the conceptual model of the study. The dynamic nature of the future image as a part of political subjective space is determined by a system of institutions, agents and factors of socialization. Five key components have been identified in the structure of the future image: content, value, emotions, activity and technology. Four projection levels of the future image are defined: personal, group, projection at the level of the macro community and global. The study indicates the predominance of personal projection in the respondents' ideas about the future. Despite the presence of worries and fears for their personal future, young people are generally confident in their own future and believe that the Russian state will continue to play an important role as a world power. An important characteristic of the future image is the subjectivity of its bearer, the degree of activity or proactivity and the willingness to take responsibility for their own future and the future of their families, local community, region, country, and the world. Locus control, that is, a subjective assessment of the factors (personal efforts or external circumstances) on which the future depends, according to the study, is associated with the degree of confidence in the future, the formation of a positive future image. The predominance of civic identity in the hierarchy of identities is also revealed. Young people feel responsible for the future of their country. At the moment, Russian civic identity has a positive impact on the future image of young people. It is significant that among students studying in the Luhansk People's Republic, the level of concern about the future is higher, the level of civil identity is lower, which indicates that the task of forming civil identity should be prioritized in the new regions of the Russian Federation.

The relationship between management vs nonmanagement status and women employees’ dissent expression in US organizations

Purpose This study aims to test whether a) differences existed in dissent expression between women in management and nonmanagement positions and b) the differences varied between white women and women of color. Design/methodology/approach Responses from 1,011 employed women in the US were analyzed for the study. Findings Results revealed that in management vs nonmanagement status, women employees were more likely to express upward dissent and employ dissent strategies that signified both influence and lack of influence in organizations. However, race-based differences existed in the expressions of some forms of dissent. Originality/value Research has shown that employees in management vs nonmanagement status express more upward dissent and employ dissent strategies that signify influence in organizations. However, can this be the case for women employees? Although previous research has explored dissent expression extensively in US organizations, women employees' dissent expression has not received much attention in social-scientific studies. In these studies, gender and race were treated as mere demographic variables to describe sample compositions despite these variables being influential factors in organizational life. Through an intersectional approach to identities, this study’s findings call upon organizations to address iniquities that limit dissent expression based on identity hierarchies.

Capitalism and the Organization of Displacement: Selma James’s Internationalism of the Unwaged

As political theorists explore work beyond traditional workplaces, how should we understand the vast class of insecure, informal, and unsalaried workers whose existence defies traditional categories of employment? In asking this question, I revisit the political theory of the Marxist feminist and cofounder of the International Wages for Housework movement, Selma James, to explore her “internationalism of the unwaged” and her writings on wagelessness. An example of political theory in service of struggle, James’s internationalism was widely circulated in anticolonial, Black radical, and autonomous Marxist circles in the 1970s. In this article, I argue that it was grounded in three intertwined and mutually reinforcing arguments: an account of how capitalist life is spatially divided into distinct workplaces; an anticapitalist theory of identity that explains social difference as maintained by the international division of labor and labor market hierarchies; and a diagnosis of work organization viewed from the perspective of the wageless worker. I trace how James developed these arguments about the spatial division of labor, hierarchies of identity, and internationalist political struggle and how her view of the common exploitation and division of workers formed the basis of a class-struggle identity politics. Her political theory was an important contribution to women’s international thought and transnational feminist critiques of global forms of domination and exploitation. It also offers a critique of capitalism’s organization of the displacement of work and workers and an account of wagelessness as a work situation, both of which illuminate capitalist organization of work and wageless life today.

Hierarchies of Identity and Non-Belonging: The Unimagined Community in K. H. Lim’s Written in Black

Hierarchies of Identity and Non-Belonging: The Unimagined Community in K. H. Lim’s Written in Black

Hierarchy of identities In modern humanitarian discourse

The article examines the problems of terminological confusion in matters of identity and their impact on the social and political atmosphere in societies. The purpose of the article is the study of the modern discourse on the problem of identity, the analysis of filling the concept of identity with content, the construction of a semantic "chain" in the hierarchy of identities. The methods used in the article are the historical method, the systemic method, and discourse analysis. In the results and discussion, positions of the relationship of different types of identity are given. Thus, analyzing ethnic and national identity, where it is proven that ethnic identity has a socio-cultural nature, and a national-political-legal one. The regional and civilizational subsections emphasize that the concepts of regional and civilizational identity are a pair of bipolar categories that show a person's place in the time-space cultural and political continuum. When considering civic and political identity, their similarities and differences are emphasized, and various degrees of maturity of civic identity are described: normal, deformed, and deficient. The conclusions emphasize the importance of the right identity policy, which the state should conduct. The following chain in the hierarchy of identities is proposed: the first is individual, the second is regional, the third is ethnic, the fourth is national, and the fifth is civilizational. The relationship of identities is an ensemble in which each identity can be defined depending on the orientation of the individual.

REFLECTIONS ON STUDYING RIGHT-WING EXTREMISM IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

Looking back on my thirty years of research about right-wing extremism in the United States, I offer several principles to guide how our field approaches conservative activism in these perilous times. First, I discuss how the causes of right-wing movements are different from other movements. Their goals center on preserving privileges that are slipping away, rather than fighting for privileges historically denied to constituents. This key difference forces us to reconsider the causal role of grievances in the emergence of collective action. Second, rightwing movements are about power. Power is most effective in maintaining dominance when it is not visible. Right-wing mobilization signals a failure to maintain dominance in ways that conceal exploitative relationships. Third, power devaluation theory provides guidance on specifying ways that threats and grievances lead to right-wing mobilization. Finally, the status component of Weber’s class-status-power trinity is especially relevant for understanding the rise of rightwing movements. My current research considers how socially constructed status hierarchies of race, gender, sexual orientation and gender identity, citizenship, and religion shape the contours of political divisions in American politics. Apropos of the last point, findings demonstrate the importance of status-preservation goals in structuring political behavior. In the near future it seems that such goals will continue to animate right-wing extremism and pose a threat to democratic governance and efforts to generate equality and a more peaceful world.

Социокультурные аспекты современных идентификационных процессов

This article is devoted to the problem of multiple identities and the specifics of their interaction in modern conditions. Plurality of identities, on the one hand, is considered a normal phenomenon that explains complex social communications and allows an individual to optimally participate in a diverse modern social life, applying to various situations. On the other hand, the authors note that in conditions of social, political, economic, and cultural mobility, the phenomenon of identity also turns out to be in an unstable state, which is aggravated by the fact that the phenomenon of identity itself is not completely static. If a few decades ago an equivalent diversity of identities implied their interaction, multicultural polyphony, where a plurality of identities could be realized as much as possible, then at the beginning of the twenty-first century, a request for hierarchization and ordering of identities arises in society. In the article, the authors attempt to determine by what criteria it is possible to build a hierarchy of identities, on which social and cultural events, accents, and preferences this hierarchy will depend, whether it will be accepted by the whole society, or whether it will require taking into account group subcultural specifics. The authors note the desire for the dominance of civil and civilizational identities based on cultural identity as a deep foundation. Civil identity in a multinational state with ethnic, cultural, and economic diversity among regions presupposes a strong consolidating resource. The needs of society for a clear definition of the civilizational vectors of modern Russia make the question of defining civilizational identity one of the most demanded. The article also examines how purposeful social and institutional formation of identities and their conscious alignment into a hierarchical pyramid is possible.

Representation of the “business‐self”: Professionals’ construction of multifaceted identities in written business communication

AbstractThis study explores professionals’ construction of their multifaceted identities as representatives of their corporations in business writing. The self‐mention framework is applied to explore the representation of the “business‐self” which I propose encompasses the projection of individual, collective, and corporate identities. A corpus of 100 CEO's letter to shareholders was examined for the use of personal pronouns and company referential terms and collocation analysis performed to understand the surrounding discourse contexts. The findings reveal a distinct hierarchy of identities; US business professionals communicate with stakeholders by immersing themselves in the identity of the collective and make a concerted effort to project the corporate identity, whereas representation of the individual self is minimal. The study provides important insights into the identity construction work undertaken by professionals in authentic business texts and the findings can help inform English for Specific Purposes (ESP) practitioners of business communication courses in higher education.

Traditional value foundations of all-Russian identity: case study of the Northern Caucasus youth

The issue of forming and sustaining all-Russian identity among the youth has become particularly relevant and significant in the context of increasing geopolitical risks and sociocultural confrontation. The value and ideological foundations of student identity vividly reflect the contradictions between two main sociocultural codes: traditional and modern. Resolving this contradiction may lead to increased stability in all-Russian identity or its gradual weakening. The research results indicate that the main elements of the traditional Russian value matrix retain their significance as the basis for all-Russian identity. The lack of significant differences in the assessments of respondents from the Russian and North Caucasian peoples, Orthodox and Muslim adherents, indicates the integrative role of traditional Russian values for people with different ethnocultural identities. In the hierarchy of identities, the local identity is prioritised for the respondents. This is followed by all-Russian civil, value-ideological, ethnocultural identity, and belonging to the “Russian world”. The attitude towards religion serves as a marker for value-ideological differences between traditionalists-collectivists and modernists-individualists. The research reveals statistically significant differences in the positions of non-religious respondents and believers. Respondents who do not associate themselves with any religious denomination have less pronounced ethnocultural and religious foundations of identity. The formation of traditional foundations for all-Russian youth identity is interpreted as evidence of a high degree of all-national consolidation in the polyethnic youth environment. The significance of traditional identification values indirectly confirms the partial depoliticisation of identity, as it transitions into the sociocultural dimension, that reduces the risks of ethnopolitical conflict.

Resistance and Control in a Culture Programme: Disrupting Hierarchies of Social Identity

Resistance and Control in a Culture Programme: Disrupting Hierarchies of Social Identity

Identical hierarchy of physical drought types for climate change signals and uncertainty

Climate change may have different impacts on different types of drought through its influence on the mechanisms of the propagation of a precipitation lack into a hydrological or agricultural drought. The involvement of additional processes in runoff and soil moisture modeling potentially leads to discrepancies in the projection uncertainties and signal-to-noise ratios between different drought types. This global study compares climate change signals, uncertainty, and signal-to-noise ratios between meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts characterized by standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized runoff index (SRI), and standardized soil moisture index (SSI), respectively. The comparison is made for five drought characteristics including median and peak intensity, median and longest duration, and frequency using 18 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models for four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. We find that the spatial extent and magnitude in all five drought characteristics increase from meteorological to hydrological to agricultural drought. This increase manifests itself, however, at the expense of augmented uncertainty, to the extent that uncertainty for agricultural drought is up to sevenfold larger compared to meteorological drought. Despite the augmentation of uncertainty from meteorological to agricultural drought, the hierarchy of drought types for climate change signals still holds for the spatial extent of significant signal-to-noise ratios.

Triggers and Hierarchies of Social Identities in the European Parliament

AbstractResearch on dynamics within the European Parliament frequently draws on group‐based explanations – such as parties and national affiliations – for the behaviour of its members. Hence, there is a growing interest in the question of how policy issues trigger the salience of group memberships and whether partisan or national group memberships – and which of them – rank higher when voting on issues. This article provides answers to these questions by presenting empirical evidence on the group memberships that are decisive for the voting behaviour of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). In theoretical terms, it introduces the social‐psychological perspective on social identities to European Union (EU) parliamentary research. Methodologically, the article relies on a qualitative comparative analysis of voting results in three resolutions of the 9th EU legislative term. The findings emphasize a hierarchy of salient social identities and reveal that some national and some partisan identities are stronger than others in the European Parliament.

Proposal of Hierarchical Organization Structure for Negotiation Consensus in Multinational Joint-Client Megaprojects: Case of US Force Relocation Program in Korea

During negotiations in the initial stage of multinational megaprojects, technical issues are underemphasized compared to diplomatic or political perspectives despite varying relevant standards of participating countries. If the organization structures are established soundly while overcoming heterogeneous aspects of involved countries, decision making among countries satisfying both could be made timely and properly. With the aim of positive multilateral relationships and negotiations concerning engineering factors collectively, a framework is presented for identifying the roles and responsibilities of multinational joint clients with a hierarchical organization structure composed of a decision maker, senior responsible owner, project sponsor, and project manager. US forces relocation program in the Republic of Korea, a $1.4 billion megaproject, was analyzed where political and cultural aspects were attempted to melt down in a hierarchical organization. Results from interviewing high-level decision makers from both countries show that upper-level participants focus on political issues, while lower-level practitioners aim to achieve satisfactory technical quality. The involvement of engineers in earlier negotiation stages with upper-level counterparts is essential in establishing realistic goals. The uniqueness of the framework compared to previous factor-driven perspectives between different joint-client structures are as follows: Identical hierarchy of level from the countries supports defining roles with integrated scope management, and neutral consultative body for arbitrating conflict between countries and in-house departments within a country is required.

Media as a factor in the formation of the civic identity of young people

The article discusses the issues of the formation of civic identity among young people. The main attention is paid to the role of mass media and social networks and their influence on the process of formation of civic identity. The current situation in the international arena and the growing trend of globalization actualize the question of preserving and strengthening citizenship, the formation of public consciousness, including civic awareness among young people. In this regard, given the easy access of modern youth to information, the rapid spread of various information channels, it is important to study their impact on the consciousness of young people, including the process of forming civic identity.The article defines the influence of mass media and social networks on the formation of civic identity of young people. The potential of new media technologies in the formation of civic identity is considered, their place in the hierarchy of identities is analyzed. The study determines the influence of mass media on the process of youth identity, depending on their type. The author emphasizes the importance of new media (Internet and social networks), while the role of traditional media is not excluded. The study showed that in the minds of young people who receive information through the Internet and social networks, there are no significant differences in the hierarchy of identities. It is established that young people who receive information through the Internet and social networks have the same level of civil identification. At the same time, there are differences in the hierarchy of identities in the minds of young people who receive information through traditional media. The practical significance of the research lies in the use of the research results by the scientific community, as well as specialists in the field of media, humanities. This article was developed as part of the financing of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Social Identity, Behavior, and Personality: Evidence from India

Hierarchies in social identities are integrally related to divergences in economic status. In India, caste is a significant social identity where discriminatory practices have resulted in poor outcomes for the lower castes. While there is considerable research on differences in economic outcomes along caste lines, there is limited work on behavioral preferences and personality traits that can also be adversely affected by such identity hierarchies, and that are important determinants of educational attainment and labor market performance. Combining rich data from incentivized tasks and surveys conducted among a large sample of university students, we find that the historically marginalized Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SCSTs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) report lower scores than upper castes along several dimensions of economic behavior, such as competitiveness and confidence and personality traits, such as grit, locus of control, and conscientiousness. Further, socioeconomic status has a limited compensatory role in mitigating these gaps.

Probing cell identity hierarchies by fate titration and collision during direct reprogramming

Despite the therapeutic promise of direct reprogramming, basic principles concerning fate erasure and the mechanisms to resolve cell identity conflicts remain unclear. To tackle these fundamental questions, we established a single‐cell protocol for the simultaneous analysis of multiple cell fate conversion events based on combinatorial and traceable reprogramming factor expression: Collide‐seq. Collide‐seq revealed the lack of a common mechanism through which fibroblast‐specific gene expression loss is initiated. Moreover, we found that the transcriptome of converting cells abruptly changes when a critical level of each reprogramming factor is attained, with higher or lower levels not contributing to major changes. By simultaneously inducing multiple competing reprogramming factors, we also found a deterministic system, in which titration of fates against each other yields dominant or colliding fates. By investigating one collision in detail, we show that reprogramming factors can disturb cell identity programs independent of their ability to bind their target genes. Taken together, Collide‐seq has shed light on several fundamental principles of fate conversion that may aid in improving current reprogramming paradigms.

PERANCANGAN TAMAN BUDAYA KABUPATEN SAMBAS

The traditions inherent in the Sambas community make this area thick with customs in people's lives. The development of human civilization is created over time, as is the case with the people in Sambas. Preservation of culture has started in the past and has been preserved until now. Art and Culture that continues to be maintained over time begins to change even more, worse, many are forgotten. This sustainability has an impact on the values of the community, which is reflected in their daily life. Art and Culture is the identity of the community, it is important that efforts are made to maintain it. As an area that upholds the values of traditional arts and culture in the social life of the city of Sambas, it does not yet have a centralized place to accommodate the traditional activities of the Sambas area. There are no supporting facilities to carry out activities and introduce Arts, Culture and Traditions to the community specifically for present and future generations. Concentration of place to continue to preserve this tradition is needed. Therefore, the existence of the Cultural Park aims to accommodate the cultural activities of the Sambas people. The design of the Cultural Park will not only make it a place for the arts but will become a hierarchy of identity for the Cultural and Arts buildings that exist in this city and aims to reintroduce traditions that have begun to be abandoned by the times. Integrating the content contained in Art, Culture and Tradition preserved with Architectural values, in responding to problems, thinking about conformity to the environment. Through the application of Neovernacular Architecture, it is hoped that it can bring back the Art and Cultural Traditions of the Sambas community.

A New Quality of Identities and Nation-Building in the Modern Age

The article discusses the relationship between identities and nation-buil-ding processes in the Modern Age. Identity is an inseparable characteristic of a person, which is manifested, on the one hand, in the recognition of their uniqueness, and on the other - in the sense of belonging to a particular community. It is emphasized that it is in the Modern Age, namely capita-lism in economics and liberalism in politics, that nation-building processes begin. The most important features of the nation are formed: common myths and historical memory; common language, civic culture; uniform legal rights and obligations for all members; common economy with the ability to move within the national territory, the national idea (which includes a political program of community development); the primacy of the national in the hierarchy of community identities. The process of forming a political nation in France and a nation based on ethical, cultural and historical ties in Germany is considered. As nation-building processes unfold, national identity begins to take shape, which appeals to such markers as national language, state border, national culture, national character, and modernization processes.

ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О РОЛИ ГОСУДАРСТВА И ОТНОШЕНИЕ К ЗАКОНУ МОЛОДЕЖИ ЮГА РОССИИ

The purpose of the study is an analysis of the ideas of modern youth in the South of Russia about the spheres of the state influence, as well as their attitudes regarding the law and the need to comply with it.   The methodological basis of the research is presented by empirical data obtained in the course of an applied sociological study conducted by employees of the South Russian branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2018. The research method is a questionnaire survey of residents of the South of Russia.   Research results. Civic self-identification occupies one of the main places in the hierarchy of social identities of modern youth, along with family and generation. The difference in self-identification determines the presence of differentiated images of the state, as well as the degree of state participation in various spheres. It has been established that young people living in the South of Russia demonstrate a rather ambiguous attitude to the law: on the one hand, they realize that the law is a set of written norms and rules, and on the other hand, ideas about the superiority of personal aspirations over public ones are quite strong in their minds. Prospects for the study. The empirical data obtained in the course of the study can become the basis for further more detailed study of the social behavior of young Russians, taking into account the revealed attitudes regarding the spheres of influence of the state, as well as the law and the need to comply with it.

A personal and relational model of father identity construction

AbstractAlthough extensive, the identity theory literature does little to explain how specific identities are constructed. Developmental and sociological work primarily have focused on either images of possible future selves in adolescence, or established identities in adulthood and their impacts on behavior. To date, little work has connected the two realms or proposed what processes occupy the “black box” of identity creation between adolescence and adulthood. To begin to address this gap, we use identity theory to propose a model of father identity construction, focusing on the influence of personal and relational characteristics. Specifically, we propose that the formation of men's status and role identities as fathers are shaped by paternal self‐efficacy and existing identity hierarchies, as well as their experiences with their own fathers and fathering role models and the views of their partners–coparents. Implications and additional applications of the model are elaborated.