Identification Of User Requirements Research Articles

Identification of User Requirements and their Influencing Factors Based on Online Reviews and Operational Data

It is crucial for enterprises to clearly identify user needs during the process of formulating product design improvement plans. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively and accurately identify user needs, explore the reasons behind the emergence of these needs, and incorporate user opinions into the process of product design improvement. A method is proposed to comprehensively and accurately capture user requirements and address the challenge of identifying the underlying causes of user requirements. This method utilizes online comments and operational data to identify user requirements and their influencing factors. First, text sentiment analysis techniques are employed to quantify the importance and performance values of product feature topics. Second, we construct a quadrant model to identify product features requiring improvement, and the original negative comments related to these features are traced. However, the quadrant model alone is insufficient to reflect specific product issues that users are concerned about. Therefore, a functional structure model based on product issues is designed to filter and identify factors that influence user requirements using operational data. Finally, a Bayesian network inference approach is utilized to identify the key influencing factors on user requirements, enabling analysis of the causes behind user requirements and the proposal of product design improvement strategies. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated through experiments conducted on heavy-duty truck data. By analyzing the original negative comments related to the power characteristics, specific user demands regarding the insufficient power of the product were identified, such as “obviously insufficient power when climbing slopes” and other issues. Based on the vehicle power system functional structure model, combined with expert knowledge and operational data, factors related to the state of parts and user behavior that may affect “insufficient vehicle power” were identified. Based on the analysis results, suggestions were made to improve the engine intake air temperature control strategy and to enhance vehicle performance by promoting correct user behavior through informational campaigns.

The Application of IT Tools in Assessing Employees’ Personality and Motivation

Purpose: The paper aims to explore the applicability of information technologies in assessing employee personalities and motivations, outline the evolution trajectories of relevant IT tools, and report experiences with their application methodologies. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper presents the findings of research on the applicability of IT support tools in determining employees’ personality and motivation. The research methods included primarily Development and Assessment Center A&DC, and literature studies. The following techniques were used, interview, participant observation, role play, self-reflection sheet, feedback, and cause-and-effect analysis. The following psychometric tools were also employed: Hogan Systems, Test Intentio Consensio, Thalento. Findings: The proliferating applications of psychometrics are bilaterally tied to progress in related research. Evolution trajectories of considered tools lead toward the embracement of BI, AI, IT ontologies. A&DC methodology should be developed in parallel. ractical Implications: The metaplan technique utilized by the authors compares business practice (what is it like?), as demonstrated by case studies, against a research model (what should it be like?). The resulting recommendations are given. Originality/value: The paper seeks to make a contribution to the methodology foundations for the application of information technology in support of employee personality and motivation assessment, and to indicate paths for the evolution of relevant tools. Identification of user requirements is followed up by a set of practical recommendations, based on descriptors and selection criteria, concerning the use of such tools in organizational settings, with a special focus on the needs of HR knowledge workers.

Identification of user requirements for an energy scenario database

Identification of user requirements for an energy scenario database

Development of a framework with tools to support the selection and implementation of patient-reported outcome measures

BackgroundPatient reported outcomes (PROs) provide information on a patient’s health status coming directly from the patient. Measuring PROs with patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) has gained wide interest in clinical practice for individual patient care, as well as in quality improvement, and for providing transparency of outcomes to stakeholders through public reporting. However, current knowledge of selecting and implementing PROMs for these purposes is scattered, and not readily available for clinicians and quality managers in healthcare organizations. The objective of this study is to develop a framework with tools to support the systematic selection, implementation and evaluation of PROs and PROMs in individual patient care, for quality improvement and public reporting.MethodsWe developed the framework in a national project in the Netherlands following a user-centered design. The development process of the framework contained five iterative components: (a) identification of existing tools, (b) identification of user requirements and designing steps for selection and implementation of PROs and PROMs, (c) discussing a prototype of the framework during a national workshop, (d) developing a web version, (e) pre-testing of the framework. A total of 40 users with different perspectives (clinicians, patient representatives, quality managers, purchasers, researchers) have been consulted.ResultsThe final framework is presented as the PROM-cycle that consists of eight steps in four phases: (1) goal setting, (2) selecting PROs and PROMs, (3) developing and testing of quality indicator(s), (4) implementing and evaluating the PROM(s) and indicator(s). Users emphasized that the first step is the key element in which the why, for whom and setting of the PROM has to be defined. This information is decisive for the following steps. For each step the PROM-cycle provides guidance and tools, with instruments, checklists, methods, handbooks, and standards supporting the process.ConclusionWe developed a framework to support the selection and implementation of PROs and PROMs. Each step provides guidance and tools to support the process. The PROM-cycle and its tools are publicly available and can be used by clinicians, quality managers, patient representatives and other experts involved in using PROMS. Through periodic evaluation and updates, tools will be added for national and international use of the PROM-cycle.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PUSKESMAS BERBASIS ELEKTRONIK DI PUSKESMAS AMBAL II KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

Ambal II Public Health Center previously used the electronic-based management information system that has been provided by Kebumen District Health Office trough online system, but the system has many weaknesses, especially related to the length of time in processing the data, the patient's age items are still input manually, and can’t print the patient registration sheet containing social identity data, prescription data and patient diagnosis. In addition, there are obstacles related to ip public that can’t be accessed so the system no longer used. Medical recorders want a more responsive system so patients can be served more quickly. The purpose of this study was to develop new electronic based information system on Ambal II Community Health Center and know the user's acceptance of the system. This study was research and development with prototyping approach. The subjects were medical records officers, doctors, midwives, and nurses of Kebumen Community Health Center. In this research, the identification of user requirements, development and testing of an electronic-based management information systems prototype have been done. Users accepted the prototype even though there are still some shortcomings that need to be fixed.

User preferences for adaptive user interfaces in health information systems

An adaptive user interface requires identification of user requirements. Interface designers and engineers must understand end-user interaction with the system to improve user interface design. A combination of interviews and observations is applied for user requirement analysis in health information systems (HIS). Then, user preferences are categorized in this paper as either data entry, language and vocabulary, information presentation, or help, warning and feedback. The user preferences in these categories were evaluated using the focus group method. Focus group sessions with different types of HIS users comprising medical staff (with and without computer skills) and system administrators identified each user group’s preference for the initial adaptation of the HIS user interface. User needs and requirements must be identified to adapt the interface to users during data entry into the system. System designers must understand user interactions with the system to identify their needs and preferences. Without this, interface design cannot be adapted to users and users will not be comfortable using the system and eventually abandon its use.

A Decision Support Tool for the Strategic Assessment of Transport Policies – Structure of the Tool and Key Features

Abstract Decisions on transport policy measures proposed by the European Union (EU) have long-term and important impacts on economy, environment and society. Transport policy measures can lock up capital for decades and cause manifold external effects – thus, policy measures may have a tremendous scope, especially if proposed on a European level. In order to allow European policy-makers to evaluate transport polices, a strategic assessment tool is required to compute economic, environmental and social impacts of transport policies. The paper illustrates the conceptual phase of development of the strategic high-level transport policy assessment instrument HIGH-TOOL. After careful identification of user requirements, on the basis of EU policy documents and user surveys, the conception stage of the strategic transport policy assessment tool is described in terms of tool structure, scope of output indicators, transport policies covered and other key features. Besides elaborating the structure and key features of the assessment instrument, the paper demonstrates the complexity and sensitivity associated with the conception stage of the development of a policy assessment tool. Several targets of a policy assessment tool are mutually conflicting, which results in the need to carefully counter-balance these targets, under consideration of methodological and implementation-wise aspects. The paper elaborates trade-offs between different tool objectives and derives a magical polygon of targets of an assessment instrument.

PENENTUAN KONSEP PERANCANGAN ALAT PENGERING SIMPLISIA JAHE MENGGUNAKAN SUMBER PANAS SINAR MATAHARI DENGAN BACKUP PANAS KOMPOR BIOMASSA

The ginger drying process used by Biofarmaka farmers of Karanganyar to produce simplisia, used heat source from solar energy of the sunlight. Sunlight is a free source of energy that can be obtained in the universe but can not be controlled. Production of simplisia can be stopped or obstructed if there is no sunlight that gives solar energy for the drying process (cloudy or rainy). This obstacle of production process of simplisia becomes an important matter considering the low durability of fresh ingredients (ginger). This requires the presence of an additional source of heat energy which is cheap and can be controlled to produce simplisia if the heat source from solar energy of the sunlight can not be used. This study aims to construct concept of design solar dryer with a biomass stove for heat backup to produce ginger simplisia. The step of design are identification of user requirements, construction of product specifications, product concept development, and product concept selection. This study resulted in 36 product concept of the ginger solar dryer.

Maritime Safety – Stakeholders in Information Exchange Process

This paper presents the methodology and research results on identification of potential users of the ESABALT system, which is targeted towards improving the situational awareness in the Baltic Sea region. The authors describe the technique of analysing the stakeholders involved in maritime sector processes, especially in maritime transport processes, while also taking into account their different classification criteria. The resulting list of stakeholders is used to identify system users and their classification into user profiles groups. This study will form the basis for the identification of user requirements of the ESABALT system.

User-centered development and testing of a monitoring system that provides feedback regarding physical functioning to elderly people

PurposeTo involve elderly people during the development of a mobile interface of a monitoring system that provides feedback to them regarding changes in physical functioning and to test the system in a pilot study.Methods and participantsThe iterative user-centered development process consisted of the following phases: (1) selection of user representatives; (2) analysis of users and their context; (3) identification of user requirements; (4) development of the interface; and (5) evaluation of the interface in the lab. Subsequently, the monitoring and feedback system was tested in a pilot study by five patients who were recruited via a geriatric outpatient clinic. Participants used a bathroom scale to monitor weight and balance, and a mobile phone to monitor physical activity on a daily basis for six weeks. Personalized feedback was provided via the interface of the mobile phone. Usability was evaluated on a scale from 1 to 7 using a modified version of the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ); higher scores indicated better usability. Interviews were conducted to gain insight into the experiences of the participants with the system.ResultsThe developed interface uses colors, emoticons, and written and/or spoken text messages to provide daily feedback regarding (changes in) weight, balance, and physical activity. The participants rated the usability of the monitoring and feedback system with a mean score of 5.2 (standard deviation 0.90) on the modified PSSUQ. The interviews revealed that most participants liked using the system and appreciated that it signaled changes in their physical functioning. However, usability was negatively influenced by a few technical errors.ConclusionInvolvement of elderly users during the development process resulted in an interface with good usability. However, the technical functioning of the monitoring system needs to be optimized before it can be used to support elderly people in their self-management.

Development and Formative Evaluation of a Web-Based Self-Management Exercise and Diet Intervention Program With Tailored Motivation and Action Planning for Cancer Survivors

BackgroundMost dietary and exercise interventions developed to date for cancer survivors have employed intensive clinic-based face-to-face counseling sessions. However, when the clinic-based face-to-face intervention ends, the participants cannot receive feedback from the experts, and the motivation for regular exercise and diet practices decreases. One way to overcome the shortcomings of clinic-based face-to-face intervention is to employ the Internet to this end. To maximize effectiveness when providing Web-based interventions, action planning should be able to start at the right time, education should be tailored to motivational readiness, and self-efficacy should be enhanced at appropriate intervals.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a Web-based self-management diet and exercise intervention program with the aid of the transtheoretical model (TTM) and to conduct formative evaluations.MethodsThe Web-based self-management exercise and diet intervention program was developed employing a 5-phase system development life-cycle (SDLC) method. The 5 phases were 1) identification of user requirements, 2) system design, 3) system development, 4) system evaluation, and 5) system application. An expert group composed of 3 content experts, a Web developer, and 2 Web designers, evaluated the usability and accuracy of the content. The program was evaluated by 30 breast cancer survivors for perceived ease of use.ResultsThe Web-based self-managed exercise and diet intervention program contained 5 components differing in screen layout. These components are introduction, assessment, education (tailored information provision), action planning (goal setting, scheduling, keeping a diary), and automatic feedback. Education, action planning, and automatic feedback were tailored to each participant through the assessment. The processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance, which are the principal strategies encouraging behavioral change according to the TTM theory, were reflected in the education, and self-efficacy was also reflected in the automatic feedback. After iterative testing by experts on problems that arose in terms of usability and content accuracy during system operation, the perceived ease of use of the program was evaluated by 29 breast cancer survivors. The end users rated the program as being easy to understand and use (a total usability score of 81.3 points). In addition, program feasibility was evaluated using the percentage of patients (27/30, 90%) who consistently used the program.ConclusionsThe use of Internet technology allowed immediate and easy access to interventions, real-time monitoring of progress, online education, tailored action planning, and tailored short message services using mobile phones.

A Goal Oriented Approach for the Definition of a Business Process Requirement Model

This paper presents a Goal Oriented Approach for the Definition of a Business Process Requirement Model, taking into account the level of importance and constraints inherent in these requirements. The level of importance of a goal is the credit which the user associates to it, while constraints are nonfunctional needs related to that which this goal must satisfy. The approach proposed in this article revolves around four major activities: the identification of user requirements; selection of the various goals; transformation of the requirements into knowledge bits and lastly, development of the requirement model. We showed in this paper that this step enabled us to describe in an exhaustive way a business process. General Terms Requirement Modeling

Beyond Specifications: Towards a Practical Methodology for Evaluating Web Accessibility

The current set of tools and specifications for ensuring web accessibility require expert knowledge and often have a highly technical orientation, with the consequence that it is not very clear how, or even when, to make use of them. In an attempt to tackle this problem, this paper reviews the types of tools and specifications available and proposes a simple and practical methodology for web accessibility evaluation that demonstrates how these tools and specifications could be used. The proposed methodology proposes methods and processes for reaching and maintaining web accessibility, and consists of the following phases: (a) identification of user requirements and setting up of accessibility goals, (b) web accessibility evaluation and redesign process, and (c) establishment and follow-up of accessibility policy. Further, in order to illustrate step (b), an example of web accessibility evaluation is described, where the domain is contemporary scientific publishing web sites. The work presented in this paper reports on issues that need to be considered by human-computer interaction (HCI) researchers, interaction design practitioners, and usability professionals for inclusive web design and are complementary to web usability engineering.

Conceptual model of fleet management in agriculture

Agricultural fleet management is viewed as farmers' or machine contractors' decision-making concerning, for example, resource allocation, scheduling, routing, and real-time monitoring of vehicles and materials. In order to optimise this management task, fleet management tools are used for decision support to improve scheduling, routing and other operational measures for a fleet of agricultural machines. Additionally, fleet management involves the process of supervising the use and maintenance of machines and the associated administrative functions including the coordination and dissemination of tasks and related information for solving the heterogeneous scheduling and routing problems. In order to analyse the complex situation of how to develop an effective Fleet Management System, a conceptual model was developed based on a participatory approach and subsequent system analysis. This involved identification of the scope of the system, identification of user requirements, conceptual modelling, identification of actors and decision processes, and information-needs modelling. A holistic view and scope of the system is presented together with the system constraints. The results build on extracted information from selected actors in the agricultural domain. The systems components are depicted and linked to the subsequent conceptual model of the overall system as an outline for a subsequent tool development and implementation.

Showcase EUROGRID – towards a European resource for gridded climate data, products and services

Abstract. EUROGRID is the vision of the European network of meteorological services (EUMETNET) about a European service for gridded climate monitoring information and products responding to the needs of users from a variety of domains. The EUMETNET project Showcase EUROGRID (S-EUROGRID) presented in this paper has the main objective to provide a better understanding of the EUROGRID idea and the way forward towards its realization. In addition to the identification of user requirements on gridded climate monitoring data and services S-EUROGRID aims to demonstrate example products and services building on existing shared gridded climate monitoring information available from European meteorological and hydrological services and other initiatives. The latter includes a harmonized visualization of data, the generation of example products/services and the dissemination of raw or processed data to the user community. For these purposes S-EUROGRID needed a simple and low-cost technical solution allowing for the seamless integration and dissemination of maps and data contributed by distributed resources, leading to Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)-protocols as one promising option. In this concept, data providers can set up their own OGC-compliant services for climate data, which then can be viewed/accessed in a harmonized way, e.g. through the S-EUROGRID portal or by a user's specific client software (e.g. a GIS). Dynamic (i.e. real-time) generation of products is beyond the scope of S-EUROGRID, but the architectural choice of OGC-standards offers easy ways for client-side data processing, e.g., using the end user's GIS capacity. In addition, S-EUROGRID hosts a selection of pre-processed example products, illustrating the potential of combining gridded climate monitoring information with data and information sources from other thematic domains.

Prototype evaluation and redesign: structuring the design space through contextual techniques

This paper addresses the problems involved in the progress through evaluation and redesign from one interface prototype to the next stage of development. An approach is proposed based on situated action techniques for the early identification of user interface issues and their translation into design factors that lead to design improvements. The approach can be used within parallel prototyping or iterative development. Situated action is increasingly popular for the participative identification of user requirements for information systems and is usually implemented at an early stage in systems development. In contrast the most frequently used method for user participation within detailed interface design is within iterative user-based evaluation which is often performed relatively late in the development. The method described involves linking developer–user contextual evaluation sessions, where developers observe user's responses to an interactive prototype, and team evidence analysis sessions, where a group of designers work together to derive design decisions with the evidence collected from the users. The proposed method is tested in an experimental design. The proposed techniques provide a rich source of user evidence that can be brought to bear on the enhancement of prototype user interfaces. The study also showed how team working within a group of developers is important to effective design.

Programmable electronic medical systems – related risks and learning from accidents

The application of medical devices is often combined with some risk. This risk needs to be evaluated and compared with the benefits: based on this, evaluation of the device needs to fulfil a certain safety integrity level. On the basis of examples of failures of medical systems, some measures to overcome repetitive failures and to diminish their negative effects will be described. The use of a reporting procedure and a reporting system should help early recognition and removal of faults. Learning from incidents must be organized and users, producers and licensing bodies need to be involved. The design of medical devices needs to take careful consideration of the possible risks involved with the use of the devices, especially in the case of sophisticated devices and their use by inexperienced laypersons. The identification of user requirements, relevant application contexts and the associated assignment of the appropriate risk category are discussed.

Knowledge-based system requirements

There is a growing demand both for greater ‘ease of use’ and ‘support in use’ as existing software packages are employed for more complex tasks. End users are faced with both the intricacies of the existing software, and the increasing complexity of the application-problem domains. As a result, there are important implications for the design of support systems for the professional user. The paper describes an approach to the identification of user requirements for knowledge-based front ends to existing software systems. The development of KBFEs is a software re-use technique that involves the integration of existing systems and services to provide specific users and user groups with a tailored solution. As a result, a KBFE enables a greater number and variety of users to have access to existing software and its functionality. This has implications for the requirements-elicitation methods employed. Investigations requirements that assume the use of existing software are described, and a framework for the structuring of the user requirements obtained is presented.

User requirements and the development of products which are suitable for the broad spectrum of user capacities

The identification of user characteristics and requirements is central to the task of the ergonomist since it provides a basis for testing the match between people and the processes, products and places they use. Established methods exist for measuring human physical and performance characteristics but the identification of requirements has received little attention as yet. It is anticipated that progress, which has largely been confined to the area of consumer ergonomics, will accelerate once the connection between poorly designed products and subsequent costly incapacity in the population is more widely recognized. User requirements can provide a clear, testable basis for product development and evaluation when expressed as performance specifications. Problems which may be encountered in the identification of user requirements may be avoided by establishing the patterns of activity prior to discussing the underlying requirements with the user.