Identification Of Such Objects Research Articles

Правовые последствия выявления объекта археологического наследия для собственника земельного участка

Owners and users of land plots, when carrying out any type of work, may be faced with the identification of objects on their territory that have signs of an archaeological heritage property. Identification of such objects imposes serious restrictions on the owner or user and can lead to the complete impossibility of using the land plot for construction or other purposes related to excavation work. The author proposes to change the approach to civil circulation of archaeological heritage properties in order to clarify and protect the rights and obligations of this land owners.

ПРОБЛЕМА ПРЕДСТАВЛЕННЯ АРХІТЕКТУРНО-МІСТОБУДІВНОЇ СПАДЩИНИИ КАЛУША У СУЧАСНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ МІСТА

In this article we find out the historical value of town-building heritage on the territory of historic core of town Kalush, we also proved the hypothesis concerning the location of lost objects situated in the historic downtown, in this research we identify fragments of preserved elements of shape and planning city structure dated XV-XVIII century. While research process it was made the scheme including theoretical planning of the historic fortress of town Kalush for the period of XVII-XVIII century, this work was based on field surveys and collected source base. At the mentioned period, the city had the appearance of a regular city center with a Market Square with market quarters with straight streets, which were bounded by a regular quadrangular close to square fortification system with corner bastions. The planning structure of the center of historical Kalush fit into a regular rectangle. The center of the city included the Starostyn castle described in several historical sources, the territory of which adjoined the market square on the long side, and on the two short sides it bordered the territory of the church of St. Valentine and the territory of the church of St. Michael. Also we analyzed the existing components (dated XV century) of the historic city environment, and made the identification of such objects on the modern planning structure of the city. In this research work we described the main features of unique historical environment of the city, which is threatened nowadays, also we outline the ways of solving the problem concerning preservation and protection of the historic core of town Kalush. In order to preserve and present the unknown architectural and urban planning heritage of the city, its residents and guests are invited to use the method of Symbolic identification of the historical center of Kalush.

On the Rotation Properties of a Post-explosion Helium-star Companion in Type Iax Supernovae

Recent studies have suggested that type Iax supernovae (SNe Iax) are likely to result from a weak deflagration explosion of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf in a binary system with a helium (He)-star companion. Assuming that most SNe Iax are produced from this scenario, in this work we extend our previous work on the three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation of ejecta-companion interaction by taking the orbital and spin velocities of the progenitor system into account. We then follow the post-impact evolution of a surviving He-star companion by using the one-dimensional stellar evolution code MESA. We aim to investigate the post-explosion rotation properties of a He-star companion in SNe Iax. We find that the He-star companion spins down after the impact due to the angular-momentum loss and expansion caused by the mass-stripping and shock heating during the interaction. This leads to the situation where the surface rotational speed of the surviving companion can drop to one-third of its pre-explosion value when it expands to a maximum radius a few years after the impact. Subsequently, the star shrinks and spins up again once the deposited energy is released. This spin-switching feature of the surviving He-star companions of SNe Iax may be useful for the identification of such objects in future observations.

An Approach for Unattended Object Detection through Contour Formation using Background Subtraction

Abstract Any unattended object in public places is generally considered as a suspicious object. Identification of such objects in public places is one of challenging tasks in computer vision. Robust object detection system with prompt and accurate identification of safety breaches augments security measures at public places such as shopping malls, airports, railway stations, etc. This paper proposes a new and efficient approach for the detection of unattended objects in a well illuminated environment from video captured through a single camera. The proposed approach extracts foreground objects using background subtraction method. These foreground objects are further categorized into static and moving objects by comparing their respective coordinates of centroid in consecutive frames. The foreground object is classified as an unattended object if that object is static over a predefined period of time and its size lies in the predefined range. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by conducting the experiments on ABandoned Objects DAtaset (ABODA) dataset and also on few real time videos recorded by the authors. The results are derived for evaluating the experiments using Correct Object Detection Rate (CODR), Object Success Rate (OSR), and False Alarm Rate (FAR) metrics. The CODR & OSR rates so attained for the proposed approach with static background are 100% each while FAR is 0%. Average CODR, average OSR, and average FAR of static and dynamic background are found to be 70.83%, 67.25%, and 35.41% respectively for the proposed approach. The proposed approach updates/replaces the original background frame to minimize the scope of false alarm rate in case of dynamic background. It is generic and can be efficiently used for object detection in various public scenarios.

РОЗРОБКА АЛГОРИТМІВ ТА ПРОГРАМНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ КВАЗІСТАЦІОНАРНИХ МАГНІТНИХ ПОЛІВ

The magnetometric section of the marine areas geophysics is characterized by the transition to a qualitatively new level of research, pipeline tracing, search for sunken ships, aerial bombs and unexploded ordnance, study of sunken objects of cultural heritage, identification of such sunken objects (inverse magnetometry problem), etc. The identification of such objects is called the inverse problem of marine magnetometry, and it belongs to the class of incorrectly posed task. The first step in solving this task is to find solution of the direct problem. A direct problem is to determine the anomalous field created by objects of a certain shape, density under certain conditions of immersion and accumulation of information about these objects. Problems of determining the anomalous field of a thin-walled objects are of particular interest. The solution to this problem is largely determined by the existence of an effective system of programs for solving three-dimensional direct magnetometry problems – finding the fields of typical objects (by using sets of such objects you can approximate real objects). The article describes the operation of the main algorithm and subroutines that are part of the main algorithm of the developed MBEM software for modeling the magnetic fields of thin-walled structures. MBEM is based on the developed modified boundary element method, based on the classical boundary element method and the secondary source method. Numerical verification has been carried out and the efficiency of the developed algorithms and software components has been established on the problems of calculating the magnetic field of thin-walled structures for which solutions are known. The example of the software complex work is given – the calculation of the resulting field of a thin-walled pipe, namely the simulation of the tension vector in the plane that is under the object at a distance of one half meter.

EVN OBSERVATIONS OF HESS J1943+213: EVIDENCE FOR AN EXTREME TeV BL Lac OBJECT

ABSTRACT We report on the 1.6 GHz (18 cm) very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the unresolved, steady TeV source HESS J1943+213 located in the Galactic plane, performed with the European VLBI Network (EVN) in 2014. Our new observations with a nearly full EVN array provide the deepest image of HESS J1943+213 at the highest resolution ever achieved, enabling us to resolve the long-standing issues of the source identification. The milliarcsecond-scale structure of HESS J1943+213 has a clear asymmetric morphology consisting of a compact core and a diffuse jet-like tail. This is broadly consistent with the previous e-EVN observations of the source performed in 2011 and re-analyzed in this work. The core component is characterized by the brightness temperature of ≳ 1.8 × 10 9 K, which is typical for low-luminosity blazars in general. Overall, the radio properties of HESS J1943+213 are consistent with the source classification as an “extreme high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object.” Remarkably, we note that because HESS J1943+213 does not reveal any optical or infrared signatures of the active galactic nucleus activity, it would never be recognized and identified as a BL Lac object if not for its location close to the Galactic plane where the High Energy Stereoscopic System surveyed for and the follow-up dedicated X-ray and radio studies triggered by the source detection in the TeV range. Our results suggest, therefore, a presence of an unrecognized, possibly very numerous population of particularly extreme HBLs and simultaneously demonstrate that the low-frequency VLBI observations with high angular resolution are indispensable for a proper identification of such objects.

Detection of cosmic superstrings by geodesic test particle motion

$(p,q)$-strings are bound states of $p$ F-strings and $q$ D-strings and are predicted to form at the end of brane inflation. As such, these cosmic superstrings should be detectable in the Universe. In this paper we argue that they can be detected by the way that massive and massless test particles move in the space-time of these cosmic superstrings. In particular, we study solutions to the geodesic equation in the space-time of field theoretical $(p,q)$-strings. The geodesics can be classified according to the test particles' energy, angular momentum and momentum in the direction of the string axis. We discuss how the change of the magnetic fluxes, the ratio between the symmetry-breaking scale and the Planck mass, the Higgs-to-gauge-boson mass ratios and the binding between the F- and D-strings, respectively, influence the motion of the test particles. While massless test particles can move only on escape orbits, a new feature as compared to the infinitely thin string limit is the existence of bound orbits for massive test particles. In particular, we observe that---in contrast to the space-time of a single Abelian-Higgs string---bound orbits for massive test particles in $(p,q)$-string space-times are possible if the Higgs boson mass is larger than the gauge boson mass. We also compute the effect of the binding between the $p$- and the $q$-string on observables such as the light deflection and the perihelion shift. While light deflection can also be caused by other matter distributions, the possibility of a negative perihelion shift seems to be a feature of finite width cosmic strings that could lead to the unmistakable identification of such objects. In Melvin space-times, which are asymptotically nonconical, massive test particles have to move on bound orbits, while massless test particles can escape to infinity only if their angular momentum vanishes.

Search for exotic matter from gravitational microlensing observations of stars

We consider small-scale spheroidal clusters of weakly interacting massive particles in our Galaxy as non-compact gravitational microlenses and predict the appearance of caustics in the plane of a lensed source. The crossing of these caustics by a lensed star can produce a large variety of light curves, including some observed in actual microlensing events that have been interpreted as manifestations of binary gravitational lenses. We consider also observable effects during the gravitational microlensing of stars of non-zero angular size with a given brightness distribution across their disks by such an exotic objects as natural wormholes and objects whose space-time environment is described with the NUT metric. We demonstrate that, under certain conditions, the microlensing light curves, chromatic and polarizational effects due to the properties of the lens and the star disk brightness distributions can differ considerably from those observed for a Schwarzschild gravitational lens, so that their analysis can facilitate the identification of such objects.

Observable effects during gravitational microlensing of stars by NUT objects

We consider observable effects during the gravitational microlensing of stars of finite angular size with a given brightness distribution across their disks by exotic objects whose space-time environment is described with the NUT metric. We demonstrate that, under certain conditions, the microlensing light curves and chromatic effects due to the wavelength dependence of the disk brightness distributions can differ considerably from those observed for a Schwarzschild gravitational lens, so that their analysis can facilitate the identification of such objects.

Sensory function assessment: A pilot comparison study of touch pressure threshold with texture and tactile discrimination

The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between touch-pressure threshold testing and sensory discrimination function, specifically tactile gnosis for texture and object recognition. Twenty-nine patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), as confirmed by electromyography or nerve conduction velocity tests, were administered three sensibility tests: the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, a texture discrimination test, and an object identification test. Norms were established for texture and object recognition tests using 100 subjects (50 females and 50 males) with normal touch-pressure thresholds as assessed by the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test. The CTS patients were grouped into three categories of sensibility as determined by their performance on the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test: normal, diminished light touch, and diminished protective sensation. Through an independent t test statistical procedure, each of the three categories' mean response times for identification of textures and objects was compared with the normed response times. Accurate responses were given for identification of all textures and objects. No significant difference (p < .05) was noted in mean response times of the CTS patients with normal touch-pressure thresholds. A significant difference (p < .05) in response times by those CTS patients with diminished light touch was detected in identification in four out of six objects. Subjects with diminished protective sensation had significantly longer response times (p < .05) for identification of the textures of cork, coarse and fine sandpaper, and rubber. Significantly longer response times were recorded by the same subjects for identification of such objects as a screw and a button, and for the shapes of a square, triangle, and oval.

Compact stars: Neutron stars or quark stars or hybrid stars?

Using results from energy calculations of neutron matter, we construct various neutron star equations of state. From these equations of state, together with the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations, we calculate quantities such as pressure, mass density, mass energy density, total mass, radius, and moment of inertia for neutron stars. Comparison is made with calculations based on other nuclear potentials and nuclear energy calculations, and our results are in reasonable agreement with results from observational data. We also calculate mass, radius, moment of inertia and surface gravitational red shift of “quark stars” described by three models: a non-interacting Fermi gas model, an asymptotic MIT bag model, and a perturbative QCD model. We also give results of phase transition calculations, and comment on possible observable differences between neutron stars and quark stars. Finally, properties of “hybrid stars” consisting of a core of strange quark matter surrounded by ordinary neutron matter are investigated. We discuss star models based on phenomenological equations of state including a phase transition between the hadronic phase and the quark-gluon plasma. For certain parameters, these equations of state support the existence of hybrid stars. The identification of such objects could provide information on the properties of strange quark matter.

Neutron stars, hybrid stars and the equation of state

Gross properties of hybrid stars consisting of a core of strange matter surrounded by ordinary neutron matter are investigated. We discuss star models based on phenomenological equations of state from nuclear reactions including a phase transition between the hadronic phase and the quark-gluon plasma. For certain parameters, such equations of state support the existence of hybrid stars. The identification of such objects could provide detailed information on the properties of strange quark matter.

Hybrid stars and the equation of state

Gross properties of hybrid stars consisting of a core of strange matter surrounded by ordinary neutron matter are investigated. We discuss star models based on phenomenological equations of state from nuclear reactions including a phase transition between the hadronic phase and the quark-gluon plasma. For certain parameters, such equations of state support the existence of hybrid stars: While the nuclear equation of state has a minor influence on the gross properties of hybrid stars, the identification of such objects could provide us with a rather stringent constraint on the vacuum energy density of the quark gluon plasma.

The relations of logic and semantics to ontology

We have employed our semantical theory to investigate the matter of the ontological commitment of logic and semantics, and have found the following results: (i) The logical predicates, such as “or” and “entials”, are about statements not about any other objects. Moreover this is what a logical theory is supposed to characterize, namely logical objects, and only such. (ii) Tautologies refer, now to conceptual objects, now to physical ones, now to all objects. But they describe or characterize none. Hence logic is not “une Physique de l'objet quelconque” (Gonseth, 1938, p. 20). Logic is no more and no less than the theory of logical form, in particular of the form of deductive arguments. (iii) The general theory of reference we propose does not specify the nature of the referents of a construct, hence it is not ontologically committed. By contrast, any application of the theory is ontologically committed. This commitment is made the moment the predicate under scrutiny is analyzed as a function mapping n-tuples of objects into statements. Such an analysis requires the identification of such objects, which identification is based on some hypothesis or other concerning the furniture of the world. But the identification itself is a task for the special sciences not for semantics. (iv) The correspondence theory of truth is committed to the thesis that there is an external world, i.e. that there are entities that a factually true statement fits. Hence the chapter of semantics dealing with the notion of verite de fait is not ontologically neutral. And it does not overlap with model theory.