Identification Of Mastitis Pathogens Research Articles

Conventional culture, MALDI-TOF and 165 rRNA compared for agreement in diagnosis of bovine mastitis pathogens

Tests for bacterial mastitis pathogens include those in use for some time and some that have only become available recently. The objective of this study was blind comparison of culture, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization - time offlight (MALDI-TOF), and 16S rRNA genomic sequencing for test agreement in identification of mastitis pathogens from bovine milk.

Estudo longitudinal da mastite subclínica e produção de leite em um rebanho mestiço Holandês-Zebu criado em sistema semi-intensivo

Acompanhou-se durante 15 meses um rebanho leiteiro, composto por diferentes graus de sangue Holandês-Zebu (HZ), em sistema semi-intensivo. Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento longitudinal da contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e a influência da mastite subclínica (MS) na produção total e no pico de produção de leite de vacas mestiças HZ. Inicialmente, coletaram-se amostras de leite individual para análise microbiológica, a fim de identificar o perfil de patógenos causadores de mastite. Realizou-se mensalmente a CCS com o intuito de monitorar a MS. Semanalmente, avaliou-se a produção de leite. Para avaliar o efeito da CCS sobre a produção de leite, as vacas foram divididas em dois grupos, <200.000 e ≥200.000 células/mL. Os patógenos encontrados foram Streptococcusambientais (34%), células leveduriformes (29%), Staphylococcuscoagulase negativa (31%) e Staphylococcus aureus (6%), com CCS de 1.100.000, 845.000, 275.000 e 620.000, respectivamente. A CCS média variou de 255.000 a 975.000 cél./mL, com prevalência média de 42% de MS. Vacas primíparas com MS apresentaram redução da produção total de leite quando comparadas às primíparas sem MS (P<0,05). Em contraste, a produção total das vacas multíparas não foi alterada. Não foram observadas diferenças entre a CCS, a produção total e o pico de produção nos diferentes graus de sangue HZ (P>0,05). A CCS das vacas diferiu (P<0,01) entre a secagem e o pós-parto imediato. A manutenção das condições de elevado risco ambiental em rebanho leiteiro manejado em sistema semi-intensivo pode minimizar as variações na ocorrência de MS nos períodos de verão e inverno, possibilitando a expressão do problema em vacas de diferentes graus de sangue HZ. Em um rebanho caracterizado pela ocorrência de mastite predominantemente ambiental, a produção de leite na lactação total de vacas primíparas com CCS superior a 200.000 cél./mL é reduzida em comparação com vacas com CCS inferior a 200.000 cél./mL, o que não foi observado em vacas multíparas.

Evaluation of antibacterial effect of some Sinai medicinal plant extracts on bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis

Aim: Bovine mastitis is the most economically important disease affecting dairy cattle worldwide from an economic, diagnostic and public-health point of view. The present study aimed to isolate and identify of bacteria causes mastitis in dairy cows and to evaluate the antibacterial activities of some selected medicinal plants extracts comparing antibiotics used in the treatment of mastitis in Egypt. Materials and Methods: A total of 203 milk samples of dairy cows were collected during the period from February to June 2013 at different Governorates in Egypt. The use clinical inspection and California mastitis test examination were provided efficient diagnostic tool for detection of clinical, subclinical mastitis and apparently normal health cattle. The collected milk samples were cultured on Nutrient, Blood agar, Mannitol salt, Edward’s and MacConkey agar plates supporting the growth of various types of bacteria for their biochemical studies and isolation. The antimicrobial activity of plants extracts (Jasonia montana and Artemisia herb alba)with different solvent (ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform and acetone)were studied in vitro against isolated bacteria from mastitis by paper desk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration method (MIC). Results: The prevalence of clinical, subclinical mastitis and normal healthy animals were 34.50%, 24.7% and 40.8% respectively. The major pathogens isolated from collected milk samples were Escherichia coli (22.16%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.19%), Streptococcus spp. (13.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (12.8%), Streptococcus dysgalactia (0.5%), Pasteurella spp. (2.45%), Klebsiella spp. (1.47%)and Pseudomonas spp. (0.45%). The highest antibacterial activity of J. montana plant extracted with acetone solvent against S. agalactiae, E. coli, S. aureus, Klebsiella spp and coagulase-negative Staphylococci with zone of inhibition values ± standard deviation (SD), ranging from 4.33±0.57 to 25.6±0.60 mm. The MIC values for the extracts ranged from 0.01 to 1.56 mg/ml. when comparing antibacterial activity of A. herb alba plant extracted with acetone solvent on the same bacteria with zone of inhibition values ± SD, ranging from 00±00 to 5.6±0.60 mm. Both extracts from J. montana and A. herb alba plant extracts with petroleum ether, methanol and chloroform solvent were less antibacterial activities than acetone solvent extract. Conclusion: The present study spot highlight on isolation and identification of mastitis pathogens that are fundamental aspects of milk quality, udder health control programs and public health and food safety issues associated with food borne pathogens. J. montana and A. herb alba plants have antibacterial effects more than antibiotics used in the treatment of mastitis. Finally, the medicinal plant extracts can be used to discover bioactive natural product in the form of antibacterial that may be serve the development of new pharmaceutical products. But still need further research necessary to identify active compounds and research to mechanism and drug interaction.

Developing a practice-based microbiological laboratory to guide mastitis treatment on dairy farms

Culture-based treatment of mastitis has been advocated to reduce expenses of treatment and discarded milk and to improve treatment results. Ideally, identification of mastitis pathogens should be performed in a laboratory accessible to dairy farms within a reasonable amount of time. Results can usually be made available to farms the following day, before the time of day that treatments are normally administered. Mastitis pathogens can be successfully identified in a practice-based laboratory using standardized methods. Examples of specific, step-by-step methods, including needed materials, are described to aid in developing and operating a mastitis laboratory. A novel method of reporting results utilizing Google Docs is described.

PARTICIPATION OF DIAGNOSED MASTITITS IN COWS IN MILK HYGIENE OF BRANICEVO DISTRICT IN 2002

Production of good quality milk with proper biological characteristics is provided from milk udder in good health condition. This paper presents the results of examining the mammary glands of dairy cows in Branicevo district. Standard bacteriological methods were used for bacteriological isolation and identification of mastitis pathogens. The prevalence of mammary infection in the area was 2.14%. The most common cause of mastitis was Staphylococcus aureus. For proper prevention and treatment of mastitis, good hygiene measures should be undertaken during milking, ensuring proper equipment, good nutrition and effective treatment in the cases of udder diseases.

Somatic cell count and bacteria shedding from mammary quarters in cows with subclinical mastitis

Samples of milk from 638 mammary quarters were examined for identification of mastitis pathogens, SCC and TBC. The analysis of SCC and TBC results was performed using descriptive statistics, T test for independent samples and linear regression models. The geometric means of the results of SCC (cells/mL) and TBC (CFU/mL) according to the results of microbiological examination were: no growth (52,000; 12,000), coagulase-negative staphylococci (85,000; 17,000), Staphylococcus aureus (587,000; 77,000), Streptococcus spp. than S. agalatiae (432,000; 108,000) and Streptococcus agalactiae (1,572,000; 333,000). Regression analysis showed increased release of different bacteria with the same increase of SCC according to the pathogen. The results suggest that the greater the intensity of the inflammatory process, greater release of bacteria from the mammary gland and the adoption of a program to control and prevention of mastitis is essential for maintaining a low bacterial load in the milk of herds.

Variação da contagem de células somáticas em vacas leiteiras de acordo com patógenos da mastite

Avaliou-se o efeito de patógenos da mastite sobre a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) em leite. Foram coletadas 3.987 amostras de leite de 2.657 animais oriundos de 24 rebanhos leiteiros localizados nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. As amostras de leite foram usadas para CCS e identificação de patógenos da mastite. Estatísticas descritivas, teste T para amostras independentes e modelo linear generalizado foram usados para análise dos dados. O modelo linear generalizado identificou os efeitos de rebanho, animal dentro de rebanho, ordem de parto, estação do ano e infecção intramamária causada por Streptococcus agalactiae e Streptococcus spp. que não S. agalactiae como significativos na variação da CCS. O efeito de animal dentro de rebanho foi maior que o efeito de rebanho. S. agalactiae foi o patógeno responsável pelo maior aumento da CCS em vacas e apresentou em média 1.520.000 células/mL. Foi observado efeito específico dos patógenos na variação da CCS.

Comparison of 3M Petrifilm Staph Express Count Plates, and 3M Petrifilm Rapid Coliform Count Plates with Standard Bacteriology of Bovine Milk

Isolation and identification of mastitis pathogens is a fundamental step in milk quality control programs. There is a need for an inexpensive and rapid bacteriologic test that allows veterinarians as well as dairy producers to make real-time decisions to better manage udder health in their herds. Petrifilm plates may fill this gap. Petrifilm plates are ready-to-use culture media that are used primarily in the food industry. The objectives were 1) Evaluate the test characteristics of the Petrifilm Staph express Count Plates (STX) for identification of S. aureus from milk. Milk samples were taken from cows a) in the first 30 days in milk, b) with high somatic cell count (SCC) during lactation, c) with clinical mastitis. 2) Evaluate the test characteristics of the Petrifilm Rapid Coliform Count Plates (RCC) for identification of coliforms from cases of clinical mastitis.