Identification Of Fish Larvae Research Articles

Engraulidae (Teleostei, Clupeiformes) in tropical estuarine ecosystems: identification of fish larvae based on morphological analysis and molecular evidence

Engraulidae (Teleostei, Clupeiformes) in tropical estuarine ecosystems: identification of fish larvae based on morphological analysis and molecular evidence

USING DNA BARCODE TO IMPROVE THE IDENTIFICATION OF MARINE FISH LARVAE, CASE STUDY COASTAL WATER NEAR JAKARTA AND BANDA SEA, INDONESIA

The sustainability of the exploitation of the Indonesian fishes depends heavily on many of fish’s basic information including both larvae distribution and dispersal. However, the identification of fish larvae and juvenile to species is very limited. In this study, we employed DNA barcoding techniques to identify marine fish larvae to a species level in Jakarta Bay and Banda Sea by comparing the querries with sequences from adult stage as reference library to contribute on biodiversity information on that particular area. The result revealed that in Jakarta Bay, the molecular marker of a 471 bp region of the mitchondrial cyctochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) has been successfully found to be species-specific, genetic distance within species (0.0 - 1.30 percent). There are total of 8 families, 5 genera and 5 species from a total 15 successful PCR that could be used to calculate the accuracy of larval fish identification in three taxonomic categories. Meanwhile in Banda Sea, for the adult specimens, after some of PCR experiment, we have successfully amplified 27 individuals, only 8 sequences available. There are a total 326 eggs and larvae which been collected from 19 stations, of the 28 successfully amplified PCR samples, 11 sequences were available for DNA analysis and at least 10 species used Banda Sea and surrounding area as their spawning ground. We prove the ability of COI barcodes to identify species level resolution from query sequences and to classify species from distinct geographical origins and determine of how the data retrieved give important information for proposing plans for conserving and managing of fisheries in the sea waters.

Identification of larvae of three arctic species of Limanda (Family Pleuronectidae)

Identification of fish larvae in Arctic marine waters is problematic as descriptions of early-life-history stages exist for few species. Our goal in this study is to provide descriptions that enable researchers to distinguish larvae of righteye flounders (family Pleuronectidae) of the genus Limanda that are among the most abundant fishes and frequently collected pleuronectid larvae in the northern Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort seas. Three species of Limanda are represented: L. aspera (yellowfin sole), L. proboscidea (longhead dab), and L. sakhalinensis (Sakhalin sole). Partial descriptions of L. aspera and L. proboscidea larvae have been previously published, but content and illustrations are inadequate for making positive identifications; therefore, each species is redescribed here with updated illustrations. Larvae of L. sakhalinensis are described for the first time. Descriptions of meristic, morphometric, and pigment characteristics with species comparisons of larvae are presented. Primary characters that distinguish the three species are pigmentation, body depth, and length of larvae and early juveniles at developmental stage landmarks. Pigment characters during the early and late larval stages of L. proboscidea and its large size at transformation are different compared to L. aspera and L. sakhalinensis. These disparate larval characters described for L. proboscidea in comparison to the other two species provide additional evidence suggesting the genus Limanda may be paraphyletic, as has been proposed in other studies. Results presented here have potential utility in future Arctic fisheries oceanography research.

Species identification of partial fish larvae and juveniles in Fujian coastal areas based on cytochrome C oxidase subunit I barcoding

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于CO I基因的福建近海部分仔稚鱼DNA条形码分析 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 福建省水产研究所, 福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室, 福建 厦门 361013 作者简介: 徐春燕(1986-),女,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事渔业资源生物学及生态学研究.E-mail:xuchunyan218@126.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S93 基金项目: 福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2015R1003-5）；福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室开放课题（2016fjscq04）；闽台重要海洋生物资源高值化开发技术公共服务平台（2014FJPT01）；福建重要海洋经济生物种质库与资源高效开发技术公共服务平台（14PZY017NF17）. Species identification of partial fish larvae and juveniles in Fujian coastal areas based on cytochrome C oxidase subunit I barcoding Author: Affiliation: Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen 361013, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为研究DNA条形码技术在遭遇瓶颈的仔稚鱼种类鉴定中的适用性，2015年7月17-20日采集福建近海仔稚鱼样品，并挑选80尾进行DNA条形码分析。获得仔稚鱼的CO I基因序列73条，鉴定仔稚鱼26种，隶属于7目22科25属，另有5个物种仅鉴定到属，2个物种仅鉴定到科。种内平均遗传距离为0.0023，属内种间遗传距离为0.1797，约为种内遗传距离的78倍，说明利用CO I基因可以进行有效的仔稚鱼物种鉴定。科内属间、目内科间的遗传距离分别为0.1937、0.2420，遗传距离随着分类阶元的提高而增大。在系统进化树的分析中，同一种类的不同个体都聚在一支，所有物种都分别聚为独立的一支，这些物种都能有效区分开来。以上结果表明，线粒体CO I基因作为DNA条形码可以实现仔稚鱼的物种鉴定，且较多能鉴定到种的水平。 Abstract:Fish eggs, larvae, and juveniles are important food sources for fish populations. Correct identification of fish eggs, larvae, and juveniles can let us understand which species are spawning where and when, their hatching and nursery grounds, and their possible migration routes during their early life history. At present, fish larval and juvenile identification mostly relies on morphological characters. But since different species often share similar characters and species change greatly during their early development stages, identification of fish larvae and juveniles is very hard, most of which can only be identified to the family or genus level, except for a few fish juveniles that can be identified to species. Moreover, because traditional morphological methods rely too much on personal experience and observation methods, it is easy to misidentify fish larvae and juveniles and difficult to identify to the genus or species level. In view of the limitations of traditional morphological methods, DNA barcode techniques could be a rapid tool to survey many uncertain species, species composition, and cryptic species and to distinguish morphologically similar species. To study the applicability of this technique to identify fish larvae and juveniles, samples were collected in Fujian coastal areas from July 17 to 20, 2015, and 80 samples were selected for DNA barcoding analysis. A total of 73 valid cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (CO I) gene sequences of fish larvae and juveniles in Fujian coastal areas were obtained. Five species were identified to the level of genus, two were identified to the level of family, and another 26 species were identified to the level of species. The results showed that the average Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) distances within species, genus, family, and order were 0.0023, 0.1797, 0.1937, and 0.2420, respectively. The interspecific genetic distance was much larger than the intraspecific distance, and K2P genetic distance values increased with taxonomic level. All sequences formed species units in a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, indicating that the DNA barcode can be used to identify these 33 species. Consequently, CO I barcoding is one of the useful tools to identify fish larvae and juveniles. However, this test highlights the limitations of DNA barcoding. The neighbor-joining tree cannot analyze cluster relations clearly above the taxonomic level of family, which corresponds to the slower-increasing trend of genetic distance values with the higher taxa. This means that CO I barcoding is only suitable for phylogenetic analysis of lower taxa, and is not applicable for species identification of higher taxa. Four sequences having high similarity (greater than 98%) with many species in the database were identified only to genus ( sp.). That indicates that some fish species are similar not only in shape but also in CO I sequences, and sequence identification cannot be done using only CO I barcoding. We should strengthen the research of multi-gene barcode technology in order to overcome the deficiency of the single CO I gene sequence. Another sequence, limited by the number of sequences that can be used in the DNA database, with a maximum similarity between 85%-86%, was identified to the level of family. It is suggested to further improve the sequence quantity and quality of the DNA barcode database, so as to let it be more useful for species identification. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

DNA barcoding and morphological identification of neotropical ichthyoplankton from the Upper Paraná and São Francisco.

The identification of fish larvae from two neotropical hydrographic basins using traditional morphological taxonomy and DNA barcoding revealed no conflicting results between the morphological and barcode identification of larvae. A lower rate (25%) of correct morphological identification of eggs as belonging to migratory or non-migratory species was achieved. Accurate identification of ichthyoplankton by DNA barcoding is an important tool for fish reproductive behaviour studies, correct estimation of biodiversity by detecting eggs from rare species, as well as defining environmental and management strategies for fish conservation in the neotropics.

Feeding Ecology and Nursery of Marine Larval Fishes

Larval stage of marine fishes, habitat characteristics, nursery and feeding ecology has been discussed in this review. Identification of fish larvae is difficult and that is why limited research is available on biology of fish larvae in the Indo-Pacific coastal region. Estuaries play a vital role in energy transfer between a river and a sea, which is especially important for many commercial coastal fishes whose larvae and juveniles are dependent on the estuary as a nursery and feeding grounds. Many coral reef fish species use mangrove and seagrass beds as nursery habitats. Diet composition of the family Clupeidae were made up of seven major categories to include phytoplankton, plant-like matter, debris, fragment of copepod, algae and unidentified food items. The most predominant food item in the gut of clupeids was phytoplankton (82.53%).

Histological criteria for diagnosing the starving condition in early post yolk sac larvae of the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax Girard

The identification of fish larvae that are in starving condition in plankton samples would be a valuable aid in estimating early mortality rates of populations in the sea. Histological criteria are given for determining the degree of starvation-induced emaciation, with an indication of its relevance to mortality, for larvae of the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax Girard. Larvae were reared with and without food to age 9 days, i.e., beyond the point of yolk absorption. Eleven histological characteristics were each graded on scales of poor, intermediate or good, depending variously on texture, shape and fullness of nuclei, cytoplasm, extracellular substance, and cellular products and storage material. Grades varied with food deprivation, so that increasing emaciation may be estimated from histological variables. Distribution of the grades also paralleled trends in survival and length, indicating that degree of emaciation reflects the probability of survival. The histological variables that best classified larvae as severely emaciated, moderately emaciated, or robust in a stepwise discriminant analysis were pancreas condition, trunk muscle fiber separation, intermuscular tissue, and liver cytoplasm. The discriminant analysis suggests that an average of grades for three or four characteristics is sufficient for determining the state of emaciation of a larva.