Ideal Methodology Research Articles

Microwave-Energy-Based Device for the Treatment of Cellulite and Localized Adiposity: Recommendations of the “Onda Coolwaves” International Advisory Board

The body contour market has grown rapidly in recent years, due to persistent requests for noninvasive treatments for localized fat adiposities, cellulite, and skin laxity. A variety of different methods are now available to improve body shaping. This review aims to provide an exhaustive compendium of the main recommendations for the optimal use of an innovative device delivering microwaves (MWs) for unwanted fat and cellulite reduction (Onda Coolwaves, DEKA, Florence, Italy), resulting from the experiences of the most expert international users. The availability of this new technology has led to an increasing number of treated patients and clinical studies. However, what is still missing, to the best of our knowledge, is an evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of this method. Based on the most recent data available, this compendium focuses on the ideal parameters, patient selection, and treatment methodology for providing safe and effective treatment protocols. Future research findings may suggest changes to the conclusions or recommendations in this report.

Unraveling the Origin of Multichannel Circularly Polarized Luminescence in a Pyrene-Functionalized Topologically Chiral [2]Catenane.

Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) are promising platforms for developing functionalized artificial molecular machines. The construction of chiral MIMs with appealing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties has boosted their potential application in biomedicine and the optical industry. However, there is currently little knowledge about the CPL emission mechanism or the emission dynamics of these related MIMs. Herein, we demonstrate that time-resolved circularly polarized luminescence (TRCPL) spectroscopy combined with transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy offers a feasible approach to elucidate the origins of CPL emission in pyrene-functionalized topologically chiral [2]catenane as well as in a series of pyrene-functionalized chiral molecules. For the first time, direct evidence differentiating the chiroptical signals originating from either topological (local state emission) or Euclidean chirality (excimer state emission) in these pyrene-functionalized chiral molecules has been discovered. Our work not only establishes a novel and ideal approach to study CPL mechanism, but also provides a theoretical foundation for the rational design of novel chiral materials in the future.

Unraveling the Origin of Multichannel Circularly Polarized Luminescence in a Pyrene‐Functionalized Topologically Chiral [2]Catenane

AbstractMechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) are promising platforms for developing functionalized artificial molecular machines. The construction of chiral MIMs with appealing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties has boosted their potential application in biomedicine and the optical industry. However, there is currently little knowledge about the CPL emission mechanism or the emission dynamics of these related MIMs. Herein, we demonstrate that time‐resolved circularly polarized luminescence (TRCPL) spectroscopy combined with transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy offers a feasible approach to elucidate the origins of CPL emission in pyrene‐functionalized topologically chiral [2]catenane as well as in a series of pyrene‐functionalized chiral molecules. For the first time, direct evidence differentiating the chiroptical signals originating from either topological (local state emission) or Euclidean chirality (excimer state emission) in these pyrene‐functionalized chiral molecules has been discovered. Our work not only establishes a novel and ideal approach to study CPL mechanism, but also provides a theoretical foundation for the rational design of novel chiral materials in the future.

Showcasing water-based delivery of an amino acid targeting fingermark developer in a hydrogel

Most recommended methods for visualising fingermarks on paper rely on chemical developers that target and react with amino acids. Traditionally, these developers are sprayed onto paper substrates in solutions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), but now those same PFAS chemicals are undergoing phaseout or phasedown, which threatens to undermine forensic capabilities. This situation provides an opportunity to pivot towards greener approaches to fingermark visualisation. The ideal methodology would be a water-based treatment, as these provide superior safety for practitioners, combined with environmental sustainability. A major hurdle to implementing a water-based fingermark developer targeting amino acids is that water, as a universal solvent, can dissolve the eccrine components in fingermarks, as well as any optical or luminescent dyes that are created, causing the ridge detail to run or dissolve. This work circumvents this problem by delivering the amino acid developer alloxan in a hydrogel, which enables sharp fingermark ridge details to be observed despite it being a water-based treatment. Alloxan dissolved in a viscous hydrogel is shown here to react with the amino acids in fingerprint residues to form the coloured dye murexide, supported by optimisation and characterisation studies.

Advances in Bio-Optical Imaging Systems for Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Intestinal Bacteria.

Vast and complex intestinal communities are regulated and balanced through interactions with their host organisms, and disruption of gut microbial balance can cause a variety of diseases. Studying the mechanisms of pathogenic intestinal flora in the host and early detection of bacterial translocation and colonization can guide clinical diagnosis, provide targeted treatments, and improve patient prognosis. The use of in vivo imaging techniques to track microorganisms in the intestine, and study structural and functional changes of both cells and proteins, may clarify the governing equilibrium between the flora and host. Despite the recent rapid development of in vivo imaging of intestinal microecology, determining the ideal methodology for clinical use remains a challenge. Advances in optics, computer technology, and molecular biology promise to expand the horizons of research and development, thereby providing exciting opportunities to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of gut microbiota and the origins of disease. Here, this study reviews the characteristics and problems associated with optical imaging techniques, including bioluminescence, conventional fluorescence, novel metabolic labeling methods, nanomaterials, intelligently activated imaging agents, and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. It hopes to provide a valuable theoretical basis for future bio-intelligent imaging of intestinal bacteria.

Insurtech in Europe: identifying the top investment priorities for driving innovation

The purpose of this study is to determine the essential indicators to improve insurtech systems and select the most critical alternative to increase insurtech-based investments in European countries. A novel fuzzy decision-making model is generated by integrating entropy and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) techniques with spherical fuzzy sets. First, the indicators are weighted using spherical fuzzy entropy. Then, the alternatives are ranked using spherical fuzzy ARAS. The alternatives are also ranked with the spherical fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution methodology. The main contribution of this study is that it would help investors to take the right actions to increase the performance of insurtech investments without incurring high costs. Another important novelty is that a new fuzzy decision-making model is proposed to solve this problem. The results of the two models are quite similar, proving the validity and coherency of the findings. It is found that pricing is the most critical factor that affects the performance of insurtech investments. Insurtech companies are required to make accurate pricing by conducting risk analyses to increase their profits and minimize their risks. Additionally, according to the ranking results, big data are the most appropriate way to improve the performance of insurtech investments in Europe. Big data analytics helps companies learn more about the behavior of their customers. By analyzing data about their customers’ past transactions, companies can provide more convenient services to them. This would increase customer satisfaction and enable companies to achieve long-term customer loyalty.

Auxin exposure disrupts feeding behavior and fatty acid metabolism in adult Drosophila.

The ease of genetic manipulation in Drosophila melanogaster using the Gal4/UAS system has been beneficial in addressing key biological questions. Current modifications of this methodology to temporally induce transgene expression require temperature changes or exposure to exogenous compounds, both of which have been shown to have detrimental effects on physiological processes. The recently described auxin-inducible gene expression system (AGES) utilizes the plant hormone auxin to induce transgene expression and is proposed to be the least toxic compound for genetic manipulation, with no obvious effects on Drosophila development and survival in one wild-type strain. Here, we show that auxin delays larval development in another widely used fly strain, and that short- and long-term auxin exposure in adult Drosophila induces observable changes in physiology and feeding behavior. We further reveal a dosage response to adult survival upon auxin exposure, and that the recommended auxin concentration for AGES alters feeding activity. Furthermore, auxin-fed male and female flies exhibit a significant decrease in triglyceride levels and display altered transcription of fatty acid metabolism genes. Although fatty acid metabolism is disrupted, auxin does not significantly impact adult female fecundity or progeny survival, suggesting AGES may be an ideal methodology for studying limited biological processes. These results emphasize that experiments using temporal binary systems must be carefully designed and controlled to avoid confounding effects and misinterpretation of results.

A methodology to customise commercial products of SMEs

Product development durations are being drastically reduced, thanks, amongst other reasons, to the use of design automation techniques. But this trend is observed in large companies and to a much lesser extent in SMEs. This article seeks to research the possibility of finding suitable automation technologies for this type of enterprises. Automating the development of commercial offers in SMEs can be a good starting point to the change in this trend. Focusing on this objective, the necessary requirements that a tool of this type must have are established. Different models of assistants have been developed and analysed on different products, deducing from their results an ideal system architecture and methodology. This solution is based on design tables, a technology that links data from a spreadsheet, implements the company’s design process, with parameters of a three-dimensional CAD model, which represents the solution. The rest of the documents that constitute the commercial offer and the possibility of linking them with verification tools are derived from this design core. The main conclusion is the current viability of this method, anticipating the improvement of many aspects, mainly highlighting the link with the rest of the life cycle phases through interoperability tools.

Construction of a super large Stokes shift near-infrared fluorescent probe for detection and imaging of superoxide anion in living cells, zebrafish and mice

As one of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2•−) is engaged in maintaining redox homeostasis in the cell microenvironment. To identify the pathological roles in related disorders caused by abnormal expression of O2•−, it is of great significance to monitor and track the fluctuation of O2•− concentration in vivo. However, the low concentration of O2•− and the interference caused by tissue autofluorescence make the development of an ideal detection methodology full of challenges. Herein, a “Turn-On” chemical response near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe Dcm-Cu-OTf for O2•− detection in inflamed models, was constructed by conjugating the NIR fluorophore (dicyanisophorone derivative) with an O2•− sensing moiety (trifluoromethanesulfonate). Dcm-Cu-OTf exerted about 140-fold fluorescence enhancement after reacting 200 μM O2•− with an excellent limited of detection (LOD) as low as 149 nM. Additionally, Dcm-Cu-OTf exhibited a super large Stokes shift (260 nm) and high selectivity over other bio-analytes in stimulated conditions. Importantly, Dcm-Cu-OTf showed low toxicity and enabled imaging of the generation of O2•− in the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HeLa cells, zebrafish, and LPS-induced inflamed mice. The present study provided a potential and reliable detection tool to inspect the physiological and pathological progress of O2•− in living biosystems.

CONTEMPORARY APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES IN ORTHODONTICS

Cephalometric X-ray image analysis is part of diagnostic procedures in dento-maxillofacial orthopedics and orthodontics. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical programs is increasingly prevalent, with several studies comparing various computerized cephalometric analysis programs against traditional methods. However, no definitive consensus has been reached on the ideal methodology. In the realm of cephalometric analysis, errors can arise in image acquisition, identification, and measurement. Currently, there are many different programs for calculating and analyzing X-ray images of the head. One of them is AudaxCeph, a program enabling clinicians to incorporate specialized knowledge into computer software and apply it for cephalometric analysis of X-ray images.This study delves into the landscape of cephalometric analysis programs, with a specific focus on AudaxCeph. AudaxCeph stands out as a program that allows the incorporation of specialist knowledge into computer software for cephalometric analysis of X-ray images. Through the collaboration between Poltava State Medical University and "Audax doo" in Ljubljana, Slovenia, the AudaxCeph program has been integrated into medical, advisory, scientific, and educational practices at the department of postgraduate education for orthodontists.At the department of postgraduate education of orthodontists of the Poltava State Medical University, according to the cooperation agreement between the university and "Audax doo" company Ljubljana, Slovenia, the AudaxCeph program is used in medical and advisory, scientific and educational work. The use of the program for cephalometric analysis is implemented in the educational process, in particular, in the curricula and programs of the specialty "Orthodontics" for interns, thematic improvement cycles, and in specialization cycle in the "Diagnostics in Orthodontics" section. The program was also used to conduct a number of scientific studies on the diagnosis of malocclusion. Conclusions. The implementation of AudaxCeph in educational processes, such as internships, thematic improvement cycles, and specialization cycles in the "Diagnostics in Orthodontics" section, demonstrates its versatile utility. Moreover, the program has been instrumental in conducting scientific studies on malocclusion diagnosis. In conclusion, while the use of computer programs enhances the efficiency of orthodontists, the role of artificial intelligence should be viewed as a supplementary diagnostic tool rather than the sole determinant of accurate analysis.

Indole Substrates to Carbazole Targets: An Update in the Discovery of an Ideal Synthetic Methodology

Carbazole compounds have been proven to exhibit vital photophysical and biological applications. Even simple carbazole derivatives were showing attractive biological activities such as antimicrobacterial activity (Glycozoline), antiproliferative activity (Mukonine), free radical scavenger (Carazostatin), etc. In case of photophysical applications, carbazole derivatives were utilized in organic semiconductors, photoconducting polymers, Green host material in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), hole-transporting material in OLEDs and organic light emitting materials. An account of different synthetic methodologies involved in the synthesis of natural and synthetic carbazole derivatives was evaluated based on the usage of commercially available cheap starting materials such as derivatives of Indole. This paper takes into account the time from 2011 to 2023. The advanced methods were developed based on the 12 principles of Green chemistry such as Multistep domino reactions, Atom & Step economy reactions, protection-free reactions, mild reaction conditions, open atmosphere reactions, harmless by-products and photochemical transformations.

Reimagining the Rheumatology Fellowship Interview: Using Participatory Design-Thinking Process to Create a More Applicant-Centered Experience.

Design thinking is a creative problem-solving process used to better understand users' needs and experiences so that a product or service can be improved. Its emphasis on empathy, iterative prototyping, and participatory collaboration make it an ideal methodology for innovation in medical education. We apply this framework to the virtual rheumatology fellowship interview process so that interviews can become more applicant centered. This educational quality improvement project uses a design-thinking framework to identify opportunities and challenges for rheumatology fellowship applicants. The investigators use the 5-step process (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test) and incorporate rapid qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews to innovate the interview experience. The iterative and collaborative nature of this process has empowered participants to codesign an applicant-centered interview experience. Interviews with fellowship applicants (n=9), fellow physicians (n=4), and faculty members (n=3) identified three major dynamics of the interview process: (1) Is it a safe environment to ask questions? (2) How do I exchange information effectively? and (3) How do I fit all these data into the bigger picture? Creative brainstorming techniques at a series of three workshops yielded four prototypes emphasizing customization, hybridization, facilitation, and preparation. A finalized applicant-centered interview template was devised in preparation for the 2023-2024 application season. Design thinking has yielded insights into three important dynamics that drive applicant experiences. These insights allow for a redesign of processes so that virtual interviews can be more applicant centered. This framework allows for further iterations and modifications as the needs of applicants and programs evolve over time.

Fast and Accurate NoC Latency Estimation for Application-Specific Traffics via Machine Learning

Latency is one of the critical performance metrics for Networks-on-Chips (NoCs). When designing an NoC, the designers have to explore enormous design parameters and various traffic patterns, thus a fast and accurate latency estimator is essential to explore the large design space. In this paper, we present an ideal neural network-based methodology for latency estimation in NoCs, especially for application-specific traffics. By inputting the sequence of extracted traffic features and NoC parameters, the neural network model will infer the corresponding average network latency in a fast while accurate way. Instead of training one neural network model for each benchmark from scratch, we adopt transfer learning to train the network model for a new benchmark from another trained one. Experimental results on a set of widely used application-specific NoC benchmarks show that, our method can achieve an average estimation accuracy of 95%, and a 17.1X speedup for large NoCs compared to BookSim2 simulations. Our method can also achieve 20% to 70% improvement in accuracy over the other state-of-art machine learning-based works.

Decatungstate Photocatalyzed Acylation of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

2D Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their unique chemistry have flourished in the recent years owing to their pertinence in a broad series of front-row applications including electronic, opto-epectronic and energy storage /harvest devices for the semiconductors,1, 2 while also catalysis and photo /electrothermal applications for the metallic phases.3 Since their ability to protagonist in such applications is dependent on their chemical structure and processing, a great deal of research effort has been focused on TMDs’ functionalization. The nucleophilic nature of the metallic phase is responsible for the uneven flourish, regarding covalent functionalization, in favor of the metallic phase vs the semiconducting. In parallel, the main inspiration for such chemical transformations on 2D TMDs has been organic chemistry. However, until now there is no report based on a catalytic protocol for the covalent functionalization of TMDs. Following our previous report on the catalytic transformation of single walled carbon nanotubes,4 we herein present the decatungstate-photocatalyzed acylation of 2H-MoS2 and 2H-MoSe2, employing aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes (Figure 1). The successful protocol is accompanied by detailed optimization and spectroscopic characterization. The availability of the various aldehydes as means to realize chemical modifications of choice on the surface of 2H phase of TMDs and the mild reaction conditions protocol, shape an ideal methodology to advance the chemistry of 2D TMDs bringing them one step closer to industry applications.

Development and Evaluation of a New qPCR Assay for the Detection of Mycoplasma in Cell Cultures.

In recent years, cell culture has become an important tool not only in research laboratories, but also in diagnostic and biotechnological development laboratories. Mycoplasma contamination is present in up to 35% of cell cultures used in research and in cell therapies. This fact represents a significant problem since such contamination can cause disastrous effects on eukaryotic cells by altering their cellular parameters, which, in turn, can lead to unreliable experimental results. For this reason, it is mandatory to carry out continuous testing for the presence of Mycoplasma in cell culture and the development of appropriate methodologies for this purpose. An ideal detection methodology should be fast, sensitive, and reliable. In this study, we propose an alternative detection method based on real-time PCR in conjunction with a novel combination of primers and probes that have been improved to increase their efficiency. The new PCR method demonstrates 100% sensitivity and specificity results in the detection of common Mycoplasma species that contaminate cell cultures. Whilst 11 of 45 tested supernatants were positive for Mycoplasma (24.4%) using the new PCR method (corresponding to 5 of the 14 lines tested (35.71%)), only 10 of 45 supernatants showed positive results with the commercial Venor®GeM qEP and Plasmotest® kit. In addition, the new PCR method exhibits a high capacity to detect less-frequent Mycoplasma species, such as those related to the M. mycoides cluster. The use of an alternative Mycoplasma-detection method in cell culture labs can guarantee the detection of Mycoplasma contamination, especially in cases when dubious results are recorded.

Lead immobilization for environmentally sustainable perovskite solar cells.

Lead halide perovskites are promising semiconducting materials for solar energy harvesting. However, the presence of heavy-metal lead ions is problematic when considering potential harmful leakage into the environment from broken cells and also from a public acceptance point of view. Moreover, strict legislation on the use oflead around the world has driven innovation in the development of strategies for recycling end-of-life products by means of environmentally friendly and cost-effective routes. Lead immobilization is a strategy to transform water-soluble lead ions into insoluble, nonbioavailable and nontransportable forms over large pH and temperature ranges and tosuppress lead leakage if the devices are damaged. An ideal methodology should ensure sufficient lead-chelating capability without substantially influencing the device performance, production cost and recycling. Here we analyse chemical approaches to immobilize Pb2+ from perovskite solar cells, such as grain isolation, lead complexation, structure integration and adsorption of leaked lead, based on their feasibility to suppress lead leakage to a minimal level. We highlight the need for a standard lead-leakage test and related mathematical model to be established for the reliable evaluation of the potential environmental risk of perovskite optoelectronics.

Abstract A015: Dynamics and lipid interactions of the RAS-RBD-CRD protein complex

Abstract The high-resolution structure of the RAS G-domain complexed to the RBD and CRD domains of RAF provides critical insights into the assembly and conformation of the RAS-RAF signaling complex[1]. The influence and impact of the membrane on both the RAS and RAF proteins is a factor that we are just beginning to understand and appreciate. Molecular simulation is an ideal methodology to further study the complicated relationship between the membrane and associated proteins. Our recent work, using MuMMI[2] (Multiscale Machine-learned Modeling Infrastructure), investigated the different lipid compositions around KRAS4b and the interplay between the protein behavior and these membrane environments[3]. MuMMI uses machine learning to couple adjacent simulation scales and can be effectively scaled across some of the world’s largest high performance computing systems. The MuMMI multi-resolution framework has been expanded to include the RAF RBD-CRD domains. Here we present the overall simulation results from this latest MuMMI campaign. Tens of thousands of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were completed, sampled from a variety of protein/lipid composition configurations. The orientations of the RAS-RBD-CRD complex on the membrane occupies distinct configurational states. Furthermore, the spatial patterns of lipid arrangements around these different protein states are also unique to each state. Interactions of the CRD with the membrane indicate the enrichment of very specific lipids in precise locations act to stabilize the complex. The extent, and size of the lipid ‘fingerprint’ imposed on the membrane by the RAS-RBD-CRD protein complex is significantly larger than observed for just the RAS protein on its own. We do not observe any statistically significant defined protein-protein orientations within the simulation ensemble. These observations indicate that spatial co-localize the RAS-RBD-CRD proteins in the same vicinity may be assisted by specific membrane environments. [1] Tran, Timothy H., et al. "KRAS interaction with RAF1 RAS-binding domain and cysteine-rich domain provides insights into RAS-mediated RAF activation." Nature communications 12.1 (2021): 1-16. [2] Di Natale, Francesco, et al. "A massively parallel infrastructure for adaptive multiscale simulations: modeling RAS initiation pathway for cancer." Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis. 2019. [3] Ingólfsson, Helgi I., et al. "Machine learning–driven multiscale modeling reveals lipid-dependent dynamics of RAS signaling proteins." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119.1 (2022): e2113297119. Citation Format: Felice C. Lightstone, Timothy S. Carpenter. Dynamics and lipid interactions of the RAS-RBD-CRD protein complex [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Targeting RAS; 2023 Mar 5-8; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2023;21(5_Suppl):Abstract nr A015.

Photovoice as Counseling Intervention and Research Method: One Family’s Experience of Barriers to Implementing Mindfulness Skills

This photovoice study was conducted simultaneously for the purpose of research and clinical intervention with one client family to explore their experiences of barriers to implementing mindfulness skills learned in counseling into their everyday lives. Photovoice is an ideal research methodology for investigating clients’ perspectives on the counseling process because it centralizes the client worldview, minimizes researcher interpretation, and empowers clients toward action. The sample consisted of four participants (one family) whose ages were 16, 18, 41, and 43, and all identified as White or Caucasian. The family identified (a) What Life Does to Us and What We Do to Ourselves, (b) Schedules- What We Have to Do and Not Have to Do, and (c) Resistance to Change is Natural as themes representing barriers to implementing mindfulness skills at home. Authors collaborated as researcher and practitioner in this endeavor and discuss implications for scholarship and practice.

Comparing Traditional Teaching and the Personal and Social Responsibility Model: Development of Values in Secondary Education Students

Personal and Social Responsibility Model (TPSR) is considered an ideal methodology for promoting values while teaching academic or physical activity contents. The purpose of this study was to carry out an intervention in an educational center with TPSR to exceed 70% of the total teaching time. A total of 105 students participated in the present study as experimental group and 147 as control group (12 to 16 years old). A series of questionnaires were passed to check their responsibility (PSRQ questionnaire) and for the experimental group, a questionnaire to evaluate their TPSR satisfaction (ECVA-12 questionnaire). On the other hand, we check with interviews teachers opinion about the experience with TPSR intervention. The results showed that TPSR allowed after six months a favorable opinion including a values near to 4 (3.78 and 3.72) in a 1–5 scale in the satisfaction with TPSR and values acquisition comparing this methodology with their previous way of receiving classes. At the same time, personal and social responsibility values had significative scores after intervention in both personal (p < 0.05) and social responsibility (p < 0.01) and taking into account the control group. In addition, the teachers interviewed showed high satisfaction with the methodology, valuing the importance of adapting very well to the most complex students, and the need to carry out continuous training in the methodology. It is concluded that TPSR is an adequate methodology to improve students and teachers satisfaction with teaching, as well as allow an improvement in the responsibility values.

Comparative Extraction and Quantifi cation of Myricetin from Leaves of Madhuca longifolia Using RP-HPLC

Background: This study’s purpose was to develop a sensitive, repeatable reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for extracting the main fl avonoid Myricetin from the leaves of Madhuca longifolia and quantifying it. Materials and Methods: Diff erent leaves extracts were prepared using various solvent systems, including ethanol, ethanol: water (50:50), and water, through various extraction methodologies, including hot and cold maceration and soxhlet-assisted extraction, in order to optimize the best solvent system and ideal extraction methodology (SAE). Myricetin was separated by chromatography using a C18 column. Results: According to the fi ndings, the hydroalcoholic extract had the greatest content of myricetin at 2.524 ng. This study reports the presence of fl avonoid content in M. longifolia leaves extract that can be extracted using, water:ethanol and ethanol. The best solvent system was water:ethanol, and the best extraction technique was cold maceration. Conclusion: M. longifolia extracts were produced by hot and cold maceration, SAE techniques, and their fl avonoid concentrations were measured using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Water: Cold maceration and ethanol were shown to be promising solvent systems. While trying to extract myricetin from M. longifolia leaves, the extraction approach was more eff ective than other traditional extraction methods.