Ideal Families Research Articles

An optimal estimation approach in non-response under simple random sampling utilizing dual auxiliary variable for finite distribution function

Auxiliary data needs to be incorporated into survey sampling in order to create a precise population parameter estimator. This study investigates improving the efficiency of these estimators, the researchers use study variable [cumulative distribution function, (CDF)] and auxiliary variable (CDF, mean and ranks) to achieve this goal in the condition of non-response. The researchers suggest two ideal families of exponential estimators to obtain an enhanced population (CDF) estimators in simple random sampling under non-response, by utilizing the data from dual auxiliary variable. The first-order approximation is used for the bias, mean squared error (MSE), and minimal mean squared error of the new and existing estimators. Using dual auxiliary information, the new families of exponential estimators turn out to be precise and efficient while estimating the distribution function, whenever non-response is contained within three Situation such as (Situation-I when non-response occurs in both study and auxiliary variables, next to it Situation-II when non-response occurs only in study variable and Situation-III when non-response occurs only in auxiliary variable). We employ a single population to assess the effectiveness and suitability of the suggested family estimators; varying values of k = 2 and 3 produce varying mean square error and percentage relative efficiency values. The suggested families of estimators have lower (MSE) and higher (PRE) values for the population which showed in tables 2–13 The percentage relative efficiency (PRE) of proposed families of estimators when k = 2 for all the three situation of non-response is 183.52715, 189.78448, 184.82791, 185.49885, and 223.06144 and when k = 3 for all the three situation of non-response is 223.06144, 119.32556, 165.89993, 166.29598, 112.90767 and 113.25086.

Семья и дети в системе ценностей студенческой молодежи

Introduction. This paper is devoted to identifying the role of family and children in the value system of Kaliningrad university students. This aspect is important both in connection with the current demographic situation, as well as with the decision to declare 2024 the Year of the Family in Russia.Materials and methods. In 2023, a survey was conducted among students of Kaliningrad universities, which was attended by 241 people aged 18-24 years. The questionnaire consisted of six “open” questions. Students were asked to give their own definition of the concept of “values”; to name the most significant values; to describe the ideal family model; to determine the role of children in general and in their own life strategies; to explain the reasons for wanting or not wanting to have children. This type of survey was designated as an express interview. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of demographic well-being, according to which demographic processes must be considered simultaneously at the macro and micro levels. In this research, the focus was on the micro level.Results. The study revealed that the majority of respondents perceive values as basic attitudes that define a person’s life, are expressed in spiritual and material things and are passed on to the next generations. The most important values are recognized as family, friendship, money, love, freedom and health. Talking about the ideal family, the survey participants described the relationships they would like to see in the family. Only a few people consider the ideal families in which they grew up and live. The majority of respondents intend to have children in the future, although some make a reservation that there must be appropriate conditions for this. At the same time, a significant proportion of young people were identified who expressed a fundamental reluctance to have children.Discussion. Based on the conducted research, it was revealed that the family is the most significant category in the students’ value system. The ideal is a complete family without financial problems, whose members live in an environment of mutual understanding, support and love. For most respondents, children seem to be a necessary part of the family. Some survey participants expressed unwillingness to perform parental functions. The conducted research has demonstrated the importance of analyzing demographic processes at the micro level, that is, from a human perspective, taking into account his values and life attitudes.

Investigating Family metaphors in the speeches of American Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama in the United Nations General Assembly

Three salient assumptions suggested by Lakoff (1996 / 2002) in his Morality Politics Theory (MPT): (1) American political positions emerge from two independent moral worldviews that are conceptually entrenched in individuals’ beliefs about ideal families. Conservatives tend to promote the strict father (SF) family model whereas Democrats endorse the nurturant parent (NP) family model. (2) The conceptual linking or mapping of ideal parenting models onto politics occurs because people metaphorically conceptualise the nation as a family. (3) Some people may endorse both parenting models (biconceptuals), that is, they can reason about political issues using SF & NP models. Lakoff additionally argues that American politicians use two conceptual metaphors, NATION IS FAMILY and the WORLD COMMUNITY metaphors, to reason about foreign policy. Building onempirical study, this paper seeks to examine Lakoff’s(1996 / 2002) assumptionsin the speeches delivered by G. W. Bush and Barack Obama in the United Nations General Assembly. The analysis of this research corpus gives different conclusions of that suggested by Lakoff. Firstly, contrary to what was suggested by Lakoff (1996 / 2002), the data shows that Obama can be labbeled as SFand G. W. Bush as NP. Secondly, the results reveal that both speakers tend to use more logical literal entailments from the models rather than metaphorical expressions when they speak about various moral political issues.

KONTEKSTUALISASI KONSEP JODOH, SAKINAH, MAWADAH, WARAHMAH DALAM AL-QUR’AN

Abstract Islam limits the pattern of interaction between men and women outside of marriage so that their respective honor can be maintained. In humans, there is a tendency of animal tendencies that have the potential to lead to prohibited cases (mungkarat or muharramat). Islam also regulates the provisions if a man and woman want a halal relationship as well as a reward value in the framework of marriage. An ideal marriage is generally defined as a marriage that is the result of one's own choice without any outside intervention, the two partners are never heard of fighting and arguing, and a married couple is supported by an established economy, such family conditions are considered ideal families. After several weeks or more, the news was heard that the husband and wife were divorced, even though at the beginning of the marriage they had received a prayer "hopefully they will become a sakinah family, mawadah, wa-rahmah and mate in the hereafter" could not prevent the intention to separate. The research method in this article uses a qualitative literature approach. The conclusion from the study and analysis of the text of the verses of the Qur'an regarding the concept of mate and the concepts of sakinah, mawadah, warahmah in the Koran is mentioned differently by Allah SWT. The concept of mate is said to use Arabic khalaqah, and the concepts of sakinah, mawadah, warahmah are spoken in Arabic ja'ala. The consequence of disclosing the concept of a mate using lafadz khlaqah means that something is the personal right of Allah SWT and humans do not have the effort to intervene, while the disclosure of the concepts of sakinah, mawadah, warahmah uses lafadz ja'ala, this means that human intervention is needed in building a family that is ideal.

Single Mothers in Contemporary Japan: Motherhood, Class, and Repro ductive Practice by Aya Ezawa

Reviewed by: Single Mothers in Contemporary Japan: Motherhood, Class, and Repro ductive Practice by Aya Ezawa Yoko Yamamoto (bio) Single Mothers in Contemporary Japan: Motherhood, Class, and Repro ductive Practice. By Aya Ezawa. Lexington Books, Lanham MD, 2016. xxvi, 127 pages. $84.00, cloth; $78.50, E-book. Mothers have been one of the central topics in studies on Japanese families and education. Since the 1970s, middle-class to upper-middle-class Japanese mothers, in their role as "professional housewives," have enjoyed a reputation as a critical agent contributing to family members' well-being and children's healthy and successful development. Over the last few decades, more studies have demonstrated diverse forms of motherhood and mothering, especially by examining working-class mothers whose major responsibilities include contributing to family finances. Nevertheless, studies on Japanese mothers in poverty as well as those outside marital status are still scarce, particularly in English-language literature. The rate of single mothers is relatively low in Japan. However, about 60 per cent of single mothers in Japan live in poverty (p. xii), which is significantly higher than the proportion in other developed nations, even though the majority of them work. Thus, studies on single mothers offer insights into persisting gender hierarchies and inequality that lead to structural and psychological barriers to women in Japan. In Single Mothers in Contemporary Japan: Motherhood, Class, and Reproductive Practice, Aya Ezawa skillfully depicts the "gendered meanings of social class" (p. xii) through her analyses of single mothers' life trajectories, experiences, and perspectives as mothers and working women. Ezawa delves into the variations and diversities among single mothers, especially across generations and social classes, in addition to commonalities in their experiences related to mothering. Her research method focuses on qualitative analyses of life-history interviews with 59 single mothers with preschool-aged children in Tokyo that were collected from 1998 to 2000. In 2004 and 2005, she conducted follow-up interviews with some of the original women and additional mothers with older children. Her research also included ethnographic fieldwork and participant observation at events and meetings providing support for single mothers. She intentionally recruited single mothers who were born in different generations, ranging from the 1950s to the 1970s. In so doing, she was able to capture shifting ideals of family and motherhood in a rapidly changing social and economic environment that powerfully shaped Japanese women's construction of aspirations and life decisions. [End Page 182] Unlike earlier periods when marriage was viewed in relation to patriarchy and women's subordination, during Japan's economic growth period marriage and family consisting of a salaryman husband and a stay-at-home wife and mother became a symbol of a happy life and the norm of the middle class. Around this time, many people, including women, started to perceive stay-at-home mothers as a symbol of status and achievement for women. Ezawa argues that the challenges faced by single mothers came not only from economic conditions and practical issues such as time management and living conditions but also from negotiations of maternal identities and roles. Single mothers, most of whom worked at low-paying jobs, struggled to provide what, in their minds, ideal and happy families had, such as financial stability (provided by a father) and cultural capital (fostered at home). The book consists of five chapters in addition to the introduction and conclusion. After describing the overview of this study and the research method in the introduction, chapter 1 provides careful literature reviews on shifts in family systems during the postwar era and on women's life courses, along with the development of professional housewife ideals. This section also describes social policy, economic status, and employment opportunities for single mothers. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on women's life stories based on analysis of the interviews, including their childhood experiences and socialization processes in the prebubble and bubble generations, respectively. Chapters 4 and 5 move on to elaborate women's experiences, views, and attitudes toward childrearing and negotiations of identities as single mothers. These chapters also highlight the challenges facing single mothers, such as structural discrimination and work-life balance. Sometimes, I found it difficult to keep track of some...

Goethe's Families of the Heart by Susan E. Gustafson

Reviewed by: Goethe's Families of the Heart by Susan E. Gustafson Julie Koser Susan E. Gustafson. Goethe's Families of the Heart. New York: Bloomsbury, 2016. 208 pp. In this persuasive new study on family in Goethe's works, Susan Gustafson extends the focus of her award-winning scholarship on male same-sex desire to attend to the multiplicity of affinities and non-exclusive attractions constituting familial configurations in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Expanding recent scholarship on gender and sexuality in Goethe's literary corpus, Gustafson foregrounds the varied iterations and diverse constellations of the family manifested in works spanning from 1776 to 1829. The aim of Gustafson's project is to illuminate how "Goethe's literary texts provide a counter discourse to the predominant aristocratic and emerging civil constructions of 'ideal families'" (2) by examining "the multiple ways in which his texts challenge common eighteenth-century notions of family and relationships between women and men, men and men, and women and women" (4). At stake in [End Page 300] Gustafson's critical readings is the claim that Goethe "clearly rejects the norms of his time in defining and accepting all love relationships, and in dismissing the notions of ideal civil or aristocratic families" (5). Through careful analyses, Gustafson's book participates in and successfully deepens Goethe scholarship by offering further insights into Goethe's attitudes and views about gender, sexuality, and kinship. Confining its analysis of Goethe's unconventional families to the novel Die Wahlverwandschaften, the play(s) Stella, and the novels Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre and Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre, primarily, Goethe's Families of the Heart is organized into four chapters framed by a brief introduction and conclusion. In the introduction, readers are presented a concise summary of the historical, political, and legal definitions of family as they emerged at the end of the eighteenth century. Gustafson positions this important study on kinship within the existing scholarship on Goethe and establishes the theoretical framework for nuanced readings of the family with recourse to Michel Foucault's History of Sexuality, Volume I and Lisa M. Diamond's Sexual Fluidity. The first chapter, with its in-depth examination of the changeable and fluid nature of attraction in Die Wahlverwandschaften, functions as a fulcrum for detailed explorations of familial configurations in subsequent chapters. In this foundational chapter, Gustafson persuasively establishes the non-conformist, non-exclusive, and changeable nature of love that permeates the panoply of Goethe's literary families. In chapter two, same-sex relationships between women take center stage in Gustafson's compelling reading of the play Stella. Juxtaposing the two versions of the play's conclusion, the author notes that the drama "presents one of the most daring representations of same-sex desire between women in Goethe's works" (66). This chapter, as well others in which Gustafson exhibits a sustained engagement with elective affinities between women in Goethe's texts, offers perhaps the most innovative and impactful contribution to recent scholarly discussions. The majority of Goethe's Families of the Heart, chapters three and four, is dedicated to the novels Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre and Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre respectively, which offers numerous examples of the manifold and arguably unconventional forms of family conceptualized by Goethe. From incestuous attractions, same-sex and heterosexual partnerships, to non-biological, adoptive families, Lehrjahre and Wanderjahre provide Gustafson with the most compelling evidence for her claim that Goethe not only radically redefined notions of family and rejected conformist, conservative definitions of kinship promulgated by the dominant discourses of his time but that such elective affinities "are not only present, not only real, not just acceptable, but (as the Wanderjahre asserts) actually the highest and holiest of feelings that bring relationships and families together" (153). The study's arguments are synthesized succinctly in the book's conclusion which once more articulates the radical and controversial views of family instantiated by Goethe's works that took aim at conservative, restrictive notions of family in late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century German-speaking society. Gustafson's concluding remarks affirm the transformative potential of Goethe's characters in their pursuit and consummation of elective affinities: "Goethe's stories confront us with not only the persistent...

Can Cartoons Influence Americans' Attitudes Toward Bailouts?

According to Moral Politics Theory (Lakoff, 1996, 2004, 2006, 2008), a portion of the U.S. population is biconceptual. These citizens subscribe to both the strict-father and nurturant-parent model in their reasoning about ideal families and therefore possess more flexible political attitudes that can shift depending on what family model is brought to the fore of their reasoning through the language used in public discourse. The present study examined whether visual issue framings in terms of a strict-father and nurturant-parent model result in short-term framing effects. Participants were exposed to strict-father and nurturant-parent framings of the issue of bailouts. The results showed that strict-father and nurturant-parent framings led to framing effects and that biconceptuals were susceptible to framings in terms of both models. Furthermore, the author demonstrated that presenting strict fathers with an antibailout argument framed in terms of strict-father values pushed them toward even stronger stances in line with their preheld beliefs (although see Chong & Druckman, 2007; Converse, 1974; Judd & Krosnick, 1982; Payne, 1951; Wehling, 2013; Wehling, Feinberg, Saslow, Melvaer, & Lakoff, 2014). In addition, the results confirmed that subtle changes in visual metaphoric constructions can exert an influence over people's political attitudes.

Scrutinization of FOCDMA Code Families for Application in Optical Communication

<p align="justify">In code division multiple access (CDMA) code construction and analysis, the bit error rate due to multiple access interference is an important performance parameter which is overcome to some extent by generating almost orthogonal codes. Ideal orthogonal code families should have zero autocorrelation and no crosscorrelation. The building of fiber-optic CDMA (FOCDMA) is based on binary, unipolar spreading codes, which in turn requires considerably longer length of spreading codes in order to satisfy these constraints. Spreading an optical bit in wavelength, time and multiple fibers is observed to satisfy the constraints for accommodating sufficiently large number of users with a comparatively smaller spreading code length. Various optical code families of different dimensions have been proposed for FOCDMA. The performance of the code families varies under different conditions. In this research, some aspects of the performance issues have been considered.</p>

Missionary families: Race, gender and generation on the spiritual frontier by Emily J. Manktelow

Reviewed by: Missionary families: Race, gender and generation on the spiritual frontier by Emily J. Manktelow Jane Samson Missionary families: Race, gender and generation on the spiritual frontier By Emily J. Manktelow. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2013. Published in the prestigious "Studies in Imperialism" series, where an emphasis on the cultural histories of empire has always been to the fore, Emily Manktelow's important contribution reflects recent interest in missionary families as sites of historical investigation. Her thorough and imaginative use of London Missionary Society (LMS) official records, as well as private papers, have generated two principal questions: What were the ideal families promoted by the society's leadership, and how were actual missionary families formed and sustained during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? Manktelow provides brief introductions to the geographical contexts of her study: the LMS headquarters in London, the "South Seas Mission" founded at Tahiti, and the "South African Mission." Along with a chronological account of major events and personalities involved in the founding of her sample missions, Manktelow provides some very welcome illustrations and family trees designed to invite the reader into the family circles explored later in the book. Her comparative method works well, primarily because she focuses so clearly on a single society, the LMS, and on missionary self-understandings. To have included substantial analysis of these understandings in the context of a range of different Indigenous cultures would have disrupted the book's clarity. Others might disagree, but I believe that we do not yet know enough about the complexity of missionary self-understandings, especially when developed in tension with metropolitan expectations and directives. Manktelow's detailed, well-researched analysis takes up several themes: missionary wives, marriage in the mission context, families, mothers and fathers, mission children, and second-generation missionaries. She emphasises "the perception of isolation and distance" on early mission stations that made early mission families "completely formative in the practice and evolution of mission" (16). Although parts of her introduction read like press promotions—"an ever-intriguing, fascinating and imaginatively inspiring aspect of the cultural history of mission" (16)—there is no doubt that Manktelow is correct to underline the importance, and the historiographical neglect, of missionary families. Two of her topics have generated particularly pioneering insights. One concerns mission marriages and parenting strategies, where she pays particularly close attention to male missionaries. Mission families were intended to be role models for gendered cultural change in Indigenous societies, but historical research has tended to focus on mission women. Manktelow produces powerful insights from her archival sources, showing us loving and unloving husbands, sexual demands met and unmet, and (mostly) demonstrative and committed fathers. In other words, male missionaries deserve the further deconstruction of their stereotypes as much as their womenfolk. Missionary men often had to deliver their own children in the early days, tending to ailing wives or children during frequent illness, cooking, and decorating their homes alongside their wives. "The missionary husband came to understand that his role was quite distinct from that of husband in Britain" (82). From this perspective, Manktelow is able to shed new light on the famously unhappy marriage of Mary and David Livingstone, concluding that Mary's agency should not be so quickly brushed aside by historians eager to underline the conventional image of Livingstone as selfish, even brutal, in his pursuit of missionary glory. A focus on missionary children opens up fresh perspectives on the institutional dynamics of the LMS and its resistance to the idea of responsibility for mission families. Crucial here was the society's 1818 resolution establishing the principle of "mission first; family second" (40). This view was at odds with the priorities of missionaries in the field and their supporters in Britain. A public campaign led to the establishment of a fund for missionary widows and orphans in 1824 and, eventually, schools in London for missionary children in 1838 and 1842. However, this warm public support never entirely prevailed upon the LMS to see mission families as central to their enterprise. By the later nineteenth century, single women and single men were being recruited for the mission field where established hospitals, schools and Indigenous clergy were becoming focal points...

Note on families of pairing-friendly elliptic curves with small embedding degree

Pairing-based cryptographic schemes require so-called pairing-friendly elliptic curves, which have special properties. The set of pairing-friendly elliptic curves that are generated by given polynomials form a complete family. Although a complete family with a $\rho$-value of 1 is the ideal case, there is only one such example that is known, this was given by Barreto and Naehrig. We prove that there are no ideal families with embedding degree 3, 4, or 6 and that many complete families with embedding degree 8 or 12 are nonideal, even if we chose noncyclotomic families.

Seizure alarm dogs for children's nocturnal seizures: feasibility and consumer involvement exercise

Aims Family dogs will sometimes alert parents when a child has a seizure in bed at night. Our preliminary consumer involvement suggested that 28% of children with epilepsies already had a dog, and 24% of these had alerted parents to the child9s seizures at least once. 37% said they would consider having a dog, and only 35% would not consider having a dog in the future. We therefore wanted to assess further the feasibility and public support likely for a clinical trail of specifically trained seizure alarm dogs for monitoring children at night. Methods A convenience sample of parents of children with nocturnal seizures were asked to complete a brief questionnaire, about their child9s seizures, emergency medication, and whether they had a dog or would consider having one in the future. Data was entered into Excel and simple descriptive statistics used. Results 13/46 (28%) of children with nocturnal seizures, involved so far, had at least 1 nocturnal seizure a week and 15% had 1 a night. 50% of affected children slept in the same room as at least 1 parent and 25% regularly used a seizure alarm or audio monitor. 20% used no precautions. 61% of the children had a neurodisability, and 61% had emergency rescue medication e.g. buccal midazolm at home for prolonged seizures. Families were generally keen to be involved in helping us scope and design future research in this area with 67% wanting to help. We know of one family, not in the consultation, who successfully adopted a specifically trained nocturnal seizure alarm dog, trained by Support Dogs, funded by the Kennel Club. Conclusions A pilot study of training dogs to act as nocturnal seizure alarm dogs for children appears feasible: ideal families would be those who would consider owning a dog, but did not currently have one, and whose child had similar looking seizures in the day to the nocturnal seizures, occurring most days.

The Role of Second-Language Learning in Diagnosing Primary Student's Gaps of Knowledge: Towards a Symptomatic Use of Interdisciplinarity

This discussion-paper aims to present a concrete, albeit untested, hypothesis regarding how second-language learning lessons could prove useful in diagnosing essential signs of confusion, misunderstanding, or of any other kind of cognitive blunder which affects the scientific knowledge of late primary-education students (aged 10-12). In opposition to the somewhat rigid means of evaluation normally employed in content-oriented subjects, such as History, Biology, etc. —exams, tests and written assignments, carried out, as a rule, in the children‘s native language—, this discussion-paper defends that the accuracy of the student's knowledge may also, though not only, be evaluated by paying attention to their creative discourse; furthermore, to the creative discourse they produce in a second-language. In fact, such discourse would fulfill a similar role to the one held by free- association in psycho-analytic therapy. In this case, however, the teacher's attention would not focus on pupil's unconscious thoughts or desires, but on any sign of ignorance or misunderstanding revealed in this imaginative use of language. Accordingly, story-telling activities, wishful expressions, descriptions of ideal societies, ideal animals, ideal families, etc., could all offer a viable side-road to access the child's conceptual knowledge in relation to scientific contents. Children's acquaintance with the basic aspects of the social and natural sciences, as dictated by their education curriculum, could be further analyzed in this way.^p

Ideal Families and Social Science Ideals

Journal of Marriage and FamilyVolume 72, Issue 1 p. 41-44 Ideal Families and Social Science Ideals Timothy J. Biblarz, Corresponding Author Timothy J. Biblarz University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Sociology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2539 ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorJudith Stacey, Judith Stacey New York University *Search for more papers by this author Timothy J. Biblarz, Corresponding Author Timothy J. Biblarz University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Sociology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2539 ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorJudith Stacey, Judith Stacey New York University *Search for more papers by this author First published: 20 January 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00682.xCitations: 15 Department of Sociology, New York University, 295 Lafayette St., 4th floor, New York, NY 10012. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume72, Issue1February 2010Pages 41-44 RelatedInformation

Structural Insights into 19-Atom Pd/Pt Nanoparticles: A Computational Perspective

We present a systematic study of the structural changes of 19-atom PdnPt19-n nanoparticles as a function of composition, modeling the interatomic interactions with the many-body Gupta potential and using a genetic algorithm to obtain the lowest energy structures for all possible compositions. Topological analysis reveals that most of the structures are based on icosahedral packings and are strongly composition dependent. The pure Pd19 nanoparticle exhibits a double icosahedral geometry, while the Ino decahedron is the basis of the Pt19 cluster structure, which has a lower symmetry. Several structural motifs of the predicted lowest energy configurations are observed for bimetallic clusters in the range of compositions studied here. Six ideal structural families have been identified. Our results show that, for Pt-rich clusters, Pt atoms segregate into the core and the number of Pd−Pt bonds increases, while for Pd-rich clusters, the surface-segregated Pd atoms tend not to be nearest-neighbors. X-ray diffract...

Ideals in the Roe algebras of discrete metric spaces with coefficients in % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaagaart1ev2aaatCvAUfKttLearuqr1ngBPrgarmWu51MyVXgatC % vAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaeHbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharyavP1wz % ZbItLDhis9wBH5garqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbb % L8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpe % pae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-xfr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaam % aaeaqbaaGcbaWefv3ySLgznfgDOfdarCqr1ngBPrginfgDObYtUvga % iyaacqWFSeIqaaa!456B! $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (H)

The notion of an ideal family of weighted subspaces of a discrete metric space X with bounded geometry is introduced. It is shown that, if X has Yu’s property A, the ideal structure of the Roe algebra of X with coefficients in \( \mathcal{B} \)(H) is completely characterized by the ideal families of weighted subspaces of X, where \( \mathcal{B} \)(H) denotes the C*-algebra of bounded linear operators on a separable Hilbert space H.

Integrality properties of edge path tree families

An Edge Path Tree (EPT) family is a family whose members are edge sets of paths in a tree. Relying on the notion of Pie introduced in [M.C. Golumbic, R.E. Jamison, The edge intersection graphs of paths in a tree, Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B 38 (1985) 8–22], we characterize Ideal and Mengerian EPT families. In particular, we show that an EPT family is Ideal if and only if it is Mengerian. If, in addition, the EPT family is uniform, then it is Ideal if and only if it is Unimodular. The latter equivalence generalizes the well-known fact that the edge set of a graph is an Ideal clutter if and only if the graph is bipartite.

Bent Babies and Closed Borders: Paid Maternity Leave, Ideal Families and the Australian Population Project

This article examines recent public debate in Australia around the question of paid maternity leave with specific reference to the way this policy has been mooted as a possible key to reversing or stabilizing Australia's declining birth-rate. The paid maternity leave debate is read against a set of debates that have unfolded concurrently but generally have been treated separately: those concerning access to assisted reproductive technologies, gay marriage, border protection, and mandatory detention. What unites these debates is tension over who constitutes “proper’ families, “correct’ mothers and the “right” (white) babies. We are interested in the way these debates not only give expression to shared anxieties about race, (reproductive) biology and nation, but in fact depend upon one another in their efforts to re-constitute familiar hierarchies of meaning and merit in the realms of motherhood and family, which are then materialised in the current Australian federal government's policies on family, welfare, work and immigration.

Irish Families in the Twentieth Century: Exceptional or Converging?

Irish families were characterized as being patriarchal, stem-extended, large, strong, and stable for much of the twentieth century. Studies completed during the 1930s and 1940s propagated this depiction. These characteristics made Irish families an exception to the convergence of family patterns going on worldwide. Historical scholarship and empirical data are used to assess the accuracy of this characterization, chart changing patterns, and compare changes in Irish families to families in Sweden and the United States. The stem-extended family reigned as an ideal type but Irish families emulating these characteristics were prevalent only briefly in rural western Ireland. Rapid, radical, and broad changes in Irish family patterns since the 1960s are heading toward convergence at a pace considered exceptional.

Assessment of Geometrical and Transport Properties of a Fibrous C/C Composite Preform Using x-ray Computerized Micro-tomography: Part I. Image Acquisition and Geometrical Properties

Raw and partially infiltrated carbon–carbon composite preforms have been scanned by high-resolution synchrotron radiation x-ray computerized micro-tomography. Three dimensional high-quality images of the pore space have been produced at two distinct resolutions and have been used for the computation of geometrical quantities: porosity, internal surface area, pore sizes, and their distributions, as well as local and average fiber directions. Determination of the latter property makes use of an original algorithm. All quantities have been compared to experimental data with good results. Structural models appropriate for ideal families of cylinders are shown to represent adequately the actual pore space.

The Changing Values of Children and Preferences Regarding Family Size in South Africa

Cette recherche élargit à un contexte africain avec la problématique suivante les études en cours sur les relations entre les générations et les valeurs attribuées aux enfants: dans quelle mesure la structure des valeurs projetées sur les enfants (VOC) repérée dans des études antérieures peut‐elle être retrouvée en Afrique du Sud et quelles sont les préférences des femmes concernant la taille des familles petite, nombreuse et idéale. L’échantillon était constitué de trois cohortes de femmes noires sud‐africaines originaires de la province de Limpopo. Des analyses factorielles ont montré que les dimensions de la VOC apparue en Afrique du Sud étaient un agrégat de différentes valeurs. Ont été isolées comme dimensions relatives au désir d’enfants Social/Emotionnel et Traditionnel/Utilitaire. Pour ce qui est des motifs expliquant le choix de ne pas avoir d’enfants sont apparus l’enfant comme source de contraintes et les contraintes que constitue le fait d’avoir un enfant. Les comparaisons entre les générations montrent des variations dans l’importance des dimensions des valeurs accordées aux enfants et dans les préférences concernant la taille de la famille. Les valeurs dont les enfants sont porteurs pour les jeunes mères étaient liées au nombre d’enfants que ces femmes avaient et à leurs préférences relatives à la taille de la famille. La discussion sur les résultats tient compte de l’évolution du contexte sociopolitique de l’Afrique du Sud.This study extends the ongoing studies on values of children and intergenerational relations into an African context with the following key questions: To what extent can the structure of values of children (VOC) identified in previous studies be found in South Africa and what are women's preferences regarding the size of small, large, and ideal families? The sample consisted of three cohorts of Black South African women from the Limpopo Province. Factor analyses showed that the dimensions of VOC found in South Africa are a conglomeration of different values. Identified dimensions were Social/Emotional and Traditional/Utilitarian with respect to reasons for wanting children. Regarding reasons for not wanting children, Child as Source of Constraints and Constraints to Have a Child were identified. Intergenerational comparisons showed variations in the importance of value of children dimensions and in preferences regarding family size. Values of children of younger mothers were related to the number of children these women had and to their preferences regarding family size. The findings are discussed within the changing socio‐political context of South Africa.