Level Of Hygiene Research Articles

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hygiene among meat handlers in Vijayapura city, North Karnataka

Background: Food-borne diseases are a significant health concern globally, particularly in meat-related cases, due to unhygienic handling and inadequate sanitation. Challenges such as inadequate food safety regulations, weak regulatory frameworks and insufficient awareness among food handlers contribute in exacerbating the issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of hygiene among slaughterhouse workers in Vijayapura, north Karnataka. Objective was to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics of meat handlers and their correlation with knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to meat hygiene in in Vijayapura, north Karnataka. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Vijayapura city from July to September 2023, involving meat handlers from various shops. 79 participants were selected from 200 shops using a lottery method, anticipating a 71% knowledge level of meat hygiene. Informed consent was taken, and data collection was done using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among the 79 participants, 86.1% were male and 13.9% female, with 64.5% having over five years of experience. Most (96.2%) had good knowledge of meat hygiene, while 3.8% had poor knowledge. Significant associations were found between gender (p=0.00), religion (p=0.00), educational status (p=0.013), and meat hygiene practices. Conclusions: The study reveals satisfactory knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding meat hygiene among meat handlers in Vijayapura. It is highly advisable to emphasize public health education, develop policies, and implement consistent training programs for meat handlers focused on safe meat handling practices, as well as maintaining high standards of personal and general hygiene.

SALIVA FLOW RATE AND PLAQUE SCORE IN CONVENTIONAL SMOKERS

Background: Smoking had become a common habit in the community. The Lampung Dormitory in Yogyakarta had found that people who had consumed cigarettes for more than 1 year had a moderate level of dental and oral hygiene. Teeth and mouths could be said to be clean if they were free of dirt such as debris, plaque, and calculus. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between saliva flow rate and plaque score in conventional smokers in Lampung Dormitory. Methods: A type quantitative research with an observational analytical approach was used, employing a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was conventional cigarette users aged 18–30. The number of samples in this study was 70 respondents with sampling using the purposive sampling technique. The research variables were saliva flow rate and plaque score. Saliva was taken by the spitting method, and the plaque scores were measured using the PHP (Personal Hygiene Performance) index. Data analysis used bivariate analysis in the form of a chi-square test. Results: Smokers had a low criterion saliva flow rate (50.0%), and smokers had a poor criterion plaque score (45.7%). The average saliva flow rate was low (0.29±0.08), and the plaque score was poor (2.85±0.81). based on the chi-square test showed that p-value was 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between saliva flow rate and plaque score in conventional smokers.

A mathematical model of Cholera–Typhoid coinfection dynamics with a hygiene-driven contact rate

Waterborne infections such as Cholera and Typhoid remain a huge burden on the public health systems of poor countries in Africa and Asia. The highest disease burden is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. In most regions, the recent spike in cases of both infections is attributed to dilapidated infrastructure and poor hygiene. This paper examines the role of poor hygiene in the surge of both infections. We use a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations to model the movement of people between the different classes of infections, and we use a sigmoidal function to model the different levels of hygiene in a community. The findings demonstrate that managing hygiene, even if limited to the direct transmission route, can significantly reduce the prevalence of both infections. This paper presents some of the public health implications of these findings.

THE EFFECT OF PEER EDUCATION ON SLEEP HYGIENE ON SLEEP QUALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS LIVING IN DORMITORIES

This study was conducted to examine the effect of peer education on sleep hygiene sleep quality and psychological resilience in university students living in dormitories. In the study, a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group was used. 240 university students staying at Akyazı Credit and Dormitories Institution in Akyazı district of Sakarya province participated in the study. Half of the students (n=120) formed the intervention group and the other half (n=120) formed the control group. Before the study, 20 students were given sleep hygiene training by the research team. The training group provided peer education to the intervention group on sleep hygiene. No intervention was made in the control group. Student diagnostic form, Sleep Hygiene Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools. There was no statistically significant difference between the Sleep Hygiene Index and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale score averages of the intervention and control group students included in the study at the beginning and the last interview (p>0.05). However, it was determined that there was an improvement in the sleep hygiene and psychological resilience levels of the students in the intervention group (p0.05). In addition, it was determined that the intervention group had a significant improvement in subjective sleep quality and sleep latency, which are sub-dimensions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (p

Evaluation of the impact of specific oral health parameters on the quality of life in children with rare disorders of phosphorus-calcium metabolism

Relevance. Understanding the impact of oral health problems on the quality of life in children with rare metabolic disorders that affect mineral metabolism is critically important.Materials and methods. An oral health assessment was conducted on 59 children aged 6 to 17 years with rare diseases affecting mineral metabolism, each with a genetically confirmed diagnosis. The children were divided into two study groups: the first group (24 children) comprised those with bone mineralization disorders (hypophosphatemic rickets, hypophosphatasia), while the second group (35 children) included those with disorders of bone and cartilage formation (osteogenesis imperfecta, Marfan syndrome, achondroplasia, etc.). The clinical condition of the children's dental tissues was assessed by evaluating oral hygiene levels and caries intensity in permanent teeth, using the OHI-S and DMFT indices, respectively. The pufa/PUFA index was used to document complications arising from dental caries. To assess the perception of oral health problems, a survey was administered to parents and legal guardians using the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) questionnaire.Results. The average DMFT and OHI-S index values did not show statistically significant differences, with values of 4.26 ± 0.28 and 1.96 ± 0.15 in the first group, and 3.76 ± 0.40 and 1.75 ± 0.10 in the second group, respectively. However, the mean pufa/PUFA index values were significantly higher in children with bone and cartilage formation disorders (p = 0.003), being three times greater than those in the group with bone mineralization disorders, with values of 1.03 ± 0.18 and 0.30 ± 0.11, respectively. This increase was associated with higher correlation coefficients between the DMFT and PUFA indices and the modules for physical discomfort, oral functional status, and emotional well-being, with values of 0.38 and 0.41, and 0.49 and 0.27, compared to 0.07 and 0.02, and 0.29 and -0.21 in the first group. These differences were statistically significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.005.Conclusion. The study revealed that existing oral health conditions have the greatest impact on the quality of life in children with rare diseases affecting bone and cartilage formation.

Temporary splinting in periodontally mobile teeth: review before application

Introduction Temporary splinting of mobile, periodontally compromised teeth is an important stage in the complex treatment of periodontitis, used to improve mastication, aesthetics, and the prognosis for teeth with pathological mobility. It helps prevent this phenomenon and consolidate the success of conservative and surgical treatment, which also has a positive effect on the patient's psycho-emotional state. Material and methods 12 patients (6 female and 6 male), aged 26–60 years, with pathological teeth mobility due to chronic generalized periodontitis, were included in the study. Temporary splinting was performed using fiberglass threads braided with polyester microfibers, polyethylene fibers, and aramid fibers, and in all clinical cases, it was secured with photo-composite material designed for teeth splinting. Results Temporary splinting is a very important step in periodontitis treatment, and dynamic monitoring is necessary throughout the entire period of splinting. The interval between visits is determined based on the type of splinting, the risk of complications, the severity of periodontitis, systemic and local factors, the level of individual oral hygiene, and the patient's motivation. The interval can be 6 months, 4 months, or, in aggressive forms of periodontitis, 2 months. Conclusions Temporary splinting contributes to the effectiveness of pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy.

Food Safety Awareness and Proper Hygiene among Food Vendors

Proper hygiene practices among food vendors are crucial in ensuring food safety and preventing foodborne illnesses. Although food vendors play a critical role in the food supply chain, foodborne illnesses and food contamination can result from inadequate hygiene practices. This study aimed to assess the food safety awareness and hygiene practices of street vendors in Digos City. Eventually, data was collected from 150 randomly selected food vendors, and answered the adopted questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale. The study used a descriptive-comparative research design to determine the awareness level of food vendors on food safety and proper hygiene. Based on the findings, the level of awareness on food safety is high. It indicates that food safety standards are consistently upheld across food vendors. While, the level of food hygiene among food vendors was described as high, thus, this indicates that the food hygiene among food vendors is well practiced and relatively evident. Findings also revealed that there was a significant difference between food safety awareness and proper hygiene practices among vendors when analyzed by profile. Hence, the study suggests that improving food safety and hygiene standards in Digos City can lead to a reduction in foodborne diseases and overall public health by implementing food safety training for vendors and must undergo regular inspections of city health office.

Влияние ополаскивателей полости рта на стабильность цвета эстетических реставраций

Over the past decades, intensive work has been carried out to expand the possibilities of aesthetic dentistry; the range of demands from patients has also increased. One of the main conditions for the long service life of filling material is careful oral care using the full arsenal of available hygiene products. We analyzed the effect of mouth rinses with various active ingredients (fluorine, chlorhexidine digluconate, medicinal plant extracts) on the level of oral hygiene, as well as on the quality of the filling, in particular on the color of the aesthetic restoration after their use. At the end of the study, all subjects experienced a significant improvement in oral hygiene (decrease in API scores). However, a negative effect of a liquid product containing chlorhexidine digluconate (Waterdent “Chlorhexidine mouthwash with mint flavor”) on the quality of composite restorations has been established. The use of additional oral hygiene products can reduce the risk of caries, but their selection must be personalized so as not to have a negative impact on the aesthetics of composite restorations.

Assessment of Lactococcus Cremoris preparations for the pre- and post-milking teat disinfection

Good hygienic milking practices including the disinfection of the cow teat skin before and after milking aimed at preventing the occurrence of new intramammary infections (IMI) in dairy cows. This practice is generally performed using disinfectants, and in the current context of attention to the emergence of resistances, it is of greatest interest to evaluate alternative solutions that can expand treatment options. We assessed the efficacy of a pre-dipping and a post-dipping product based on the bacteriocin-containing culture of Lactococcus cremoris strain FT27, as compared to commercial disinfectants. FT27 was selected for the bactericidal activity in vitro against food pathogens. In the present study, it also revealed a high bactericidal activity against the main mastitis pathogens, most likely related to Nisin A production, according to genomic and proteomic analysis. The lactococcus-based preparations were applied in two commercial dairy farms in Northern Italy. Overall, 298 dairy cows were enrolled, 141 in the treated group (TR), and 157 in the control group (CTR). The cows were sampled at quarter level every two weeks for 3 months. During the trial, all cows showed a good health status. The hygiene level for udder, flanks and legs was generally good (on average < 3 score); the udder hygiene was significantly worse (P < 0.01) in the CTR group. The teat apex hyperkeratosis was overall low (on average < 2 score). We recorded no significant differences between the two experimental groups in the Somatic Cell Count (SCC) values and the bacteriological results. The overall frequency of new IMI was low, ranging 0.6 − 0.5% for S. aureus in the TR or CTR group respectively, to 2.6–4.4% for NASM. Regarding Str. spp., the new IMI accounted for 1.7% or 1.9% in the TR or CTR group, respectively. Notably, the incidence of S. aureus new IMI did not increase during the study, even though neither of the two herds segregated the positive cows. The non-inferiority test showed that the Lactococcus-based pre- and post-dipping products had an efficacy comparable to proven commercial disinfectants in maintaining udder health and preventing new IMI, thus representing a possible alternative to current teat dip products.

Street Food: Hygiene Practices and Knowledge Among Food Hawkers Towards Customer Satisfaction

Street food has become an important element of people's diets since it is easily accessible and affordable in urban areas, and it is woven into our modern lifestyle. However, many street food hawkers do not possess formal education and often lack basic knowledge and practices regarding food safety. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the hawkers' hygiene knowledge and review the hawkers' hygiene practices in relation to customer satisfaction. Content analysis is used on 32 journals published from the past five years worldwide to review how hawkers’ hygiene knowledge and hawkers’ hygiene practices have affected customer satisfaction. As a result, it was discovered that most of the hawkers did not attend food safety training and did not have a high level of food hygiene and safety knowledge. Furthermore, it was found that most of the hawkers did not practice proper personal hygiene, especially in handwashing washing practices. The findings also indicated that customer satisfaction is influenced by hawkers' hygiene practices, specifically personal hygiene, cleanliness of their premises and equipment, and food hygiene. The study concluded that hygiene knowledge and practices among hawkers should be emphasized to produce good and safe food for customers to consume. Future researchers are encouraged to broaden the data collection to include more respondents who can provide a more general perspective on the issues.

The method of the etiological factor′s evaluation of the gingival recession, with count of their′s separately and common complicity in the pathogenesis

Introduction. Gingival recession is a highly relevant and common dental pathology. The prevalence of recession ranges from 45,5 to 99,3 % in people of different ages, with the risk of gingival recession increasing with age. The true etiology of gingival recession, its components and the degree of their influence, jointly or separately; the influence of the environment and lifestyle on the development of pathology are poorly understood. In the literature, for example, there is no classification of etiological factors according to the degree of their influence as triggers of gingival recession. It is of scientific interest to study the causes of gingival recession, their systematisation and assessment of the degree of influence of each factor separately and together.The aim of the study is to develop a classification system of etiological factors taking into account their significance and degree of influence on the formation of gingival recessions.Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific literature, methods of classification and structuring; methods of decomposition, integration and determination of cause-and-effect relationships.Results. A model of classification of factors of the etiology of gingival recessions was proposed, elements of the structure of etiological factors of gingival recessions were determined by the degree of their influence on pathogenesis.Conclusion. Conclusions. The study and understanding of the etiology of gingival recessions allows the clinician to select a personalised treatment taking into account individual characteristics that influence the recession occurrence and its condition: congenital and acquired factors; living conditions, habits, level of hygiene, as well as other components that aggravate or compensate for the degree and level of complexity of any recession - single, multiple or generalised. It is advisable to continue the study of literature data to expand the classification and detail the structure of etiological factors.

Archaeoparasitology and pathoecology of Buchta Nakhodka, a medieval settlement in the far north of Western Siberia, dating from the 13th century

Buchta Nakhodka, which was inhabited by the Northern Samoyeds, is one of the few sites in the far north of Western Siberia that has been explored archaeologically and archaeoparasitologically. Many factors complicate research work in this region; therefore, any additional study of known sites can provide valuable data. Here, we report the results of soil samples from the cultural layer taken during the excavation of structures of the medieval settlement of Buchta Nakhodka. Six types of human and animal parasite eggs were found in the studied samples. The extent of contamination and number of parasite species varied, depending on the sampling location. The analysis of research results in the historical and archaeological context enabled the reconstruction of certain nutritional habits of the population of Buchta Nakhodka in the 13th century and such activities as hunting, fishing, and dog breeding, as well as an evaluation of the level of hygiene and possible population movements and trade links with neighbouring settlements.

Immediate versus conventional loading in short and ultra-short implants: a protocol design.

After tooth extraction, inevitable resorption of the postextraction socket occurs. Placing an immediate implant does not fully preserve the bone integrity of the socket. Preservation techniques cannot avoid alveolar resorption. In residual atrophies, bone augmentation techniques are necessary for subsequent rehabilitation with implants. The aim of this study was to propose a protocol of immediate loading in short implants as an alternative to bone augmentation techniques, comparing the immediate versus conventional loading, evaluating peri-implant bone loss, the biological and prosthetic complications, the survival of the implant and prosthesis and the patient satisfaction after one year. This study consists of a randomized controlled clinical trial. For implant planning, periapical intraoral radiographs and Cone Beam Computed Tomography will be used. All patients will receive Straumann Group® (Basel, Switzerland) titanium-zirconia implants with a 4.1mm or 4.8mm diameter and a 4 mm or 6 mm length. The expected results show similar or even minor bone loss, biological and prosthetic complications, identical or even better survival of the short implants with immediate loading, and greater satisfaction. Short implants demonstrate similar survival to conventional length implants, with comparable or even minor biological and prosthetic complications and bone loss. Immediate loading gives satisfactory results similar to conventional loading, with similar biological and prosthetic complications, and generally depends on poor hygiene levels. Bone loss is even less, and the satisfaction increases.

Effects of X‐ray irradiation on pathogen inactivation, quality changes, and hydrocarbon profiles of pork cutlets

SummaryPork cutlets are susceptible to cross‐contamination with foodborne pathogens during processing. Food irradiation effectively improves food hygiene by eliminating microbes. We investigated the application of X‐ray irradiation (0.5–10 kGy) on pathogen inactivation (D10 value), quality changes [total aerobic bacteria (TAB), yeast and mould (Y&amp;M), total coliform (TC), colour, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and pH], and the hydrocarbon profile of pork cutlets. D10 values of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus were 0.37, 0.62, 0.52, and 0.36 kGy, respectively. At least 3.10 kGy (5‐D10 values) is required to ensure the microbiological safety of pork cutlets. X‐ray irradiation dose‐dependently reduced all microbial counts, and up to 7 kGy had no adverse effects on colour, TBARS, and pH. Furthermore, 1,7‐hexadecadiene and 8‐heptadecene were potential markers for irradiated pork cutlets. X‐ray irradiation of up to 7 kGy is effective in improving hygiene levels while maintaining pork cutlet quality.

A prospective study of health-related lifestyle changes among police cadets

The objectives of this prospective study were to explore the health-related lifestyle of police cadets and assess changes in their health behaviors following entry into the police force. To do so, 190 police cadets completed an online questionnaire assessing their physical activity level, sedentary behaviors, diet quality, sleep hygiene, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and stress level. One year following their graduation from the police training program, participants were invited to, once again, complete the questionnaire. Our results suggest that police cadets generally display healthy lifestyles, with very few cadets being physically inactive, smokers, reporting insufficient sleep duration, and displaying obesity. Nevertheless, paired-sample comparisons highlighted significant decreases in physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep duration, and sleep quality at the follow-up. Likewise, significant increases in fast-food consumption and BMI were observed.

Mental Hygiene Level Of Undergraduate Students Post Pandemic Covid-19: A Survey After 2 Years Of The Pandemic

Mental Hygiene Level Of Undergraduate Students Post Pandemic Covid-19: A Survey After 2 Years Of The Pandemic

Medicine distribution pattern detection in pharmaceutical supply chains: a new Kth-proximity density-distance-based method

Purpose Medicine distribution logistics pattern in pharmaceutical supply chains is a hot topic, which aims to predict applicable and efficient medicine distribution patterns so that the medicine can be distributed effectively. This research aims to propose a new method, named density-distance method, that works based on Kth proximity using patient features (including age, gender, education, inherent diseases, systemic diseases and disorders); geographical features (city, state, population, density, land area) and supply chain features (destination and transportation system). Design/methodology/approach The proposed method of this research consists of two main phases where in the first phase, quantitative data analytics will be carried out to find out the significant factors and their impacts on medicine distribution. Then, in the next phase, a new Kth-proximity density-distance-based method is proposed to determine the best locations for the wholesalers while designing a supply chain. Findings The findings show that the proposed method can effectively design a supply chain network using realistic features. In addition, it is found that while the distance-density aggregate index is applied, the wholesalers' locations will be different compared to classic supply chain designs. The results show that age, public hygiene level and density are the most influential during designing new supply chains. Practical implications The outcomes of this research can be used in the medicine supply chains to predict appropriate medicine distribution logistics patterns. Originality/value In this research, the machine learning method based on the nearest neighbor has been used for the first time in the design of the supply chain network.

Innovations in oral hygiene tools: a mini review on recent developments

BackgroundThis review examines advancements in oral hygiene aids and their impact on gingival and periodontal health. As periodontal diseases are widespread, effective hygiene is vital. Enhancements in traditional tools and innovations have improved oral hygiene status. Clinical evidence confirms these innovations improve gingival and periodontal health, though proper use and patient adherence are crucial.MethodologyA comprehensive literature search was conducted using MeSH terms like “Gingivitis/prevention &amp;amp; control*”, “Dental Plaque/prevention &amp;amp; control*”, “Dentifrices”, “Electrical Equipment and Supplies*”, “Toothbrushing”, “Equipment Design”, “Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use”, “Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use”, “Dental Devices, Home Care”, “Dentifrices*/therapeutic use”, “Vibration”, “Gingivitis*/drug therapy”, “Gingivitis*/prevention &amp;amp; control”, “Gingival Hemorrhage/prevention &amp;amp; control”, “Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology”, “Chlorhexidine/pharmacology”, “Mouthwashes/pharmacology”, “Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology”, “Mouthwashes/therapeutic use”, “Anti-Infective Agents, Local*/therapeutic use”, “Mouthwashes/chemistry*”, “Plant Extracts/therapeutic use*”, “Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/therapeutic use*”, “Treatment Outcome”, “Oral Hygiene/methods”, “Toothpastes/therapeutic use*”, “Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use”, “Chronic Periodontitis*/therapy”, “Periodontal Attachment Loss/therapy”, “Probiotics*/therapeutic use”, “Oral Hygiene*”, “Periodontal Index” and so on. This search utilized PubMed and Google Scholar, restricted to English-language publications from 2018 to 2024. The screening process involved reviewing titles, abstracts, and keywords, focusing on randomized clinical trials only. Inclusion criteria focused on novel innovations in conventional oral hygiene methodologies. A total of 86 randomized clinical trial articles met the inclusion criteria.ResultsRecent innovations in traditional oral hygiene tools have markedly enhanced oral hygiene levels and patient compliance. These newer innovations demonstrate substantial efficacy in plaque control and gingival health. Clinical outcomes underscore their pivotal role in improving oral hygiene standards, promoting reduced gingivitis and enhanced patient adherence to oral care regimens.ConclusionAdvanced oral hygiene aids significantly improve gingival and periodontal health. However, patient adherence and correct usage are crucial for their optimal performance. Incorporating advanced oral hygiene aids into daily practices is essential for achieving optimal periodontal health, and continuous education is necessary to ensure their effective use.

Hygiene performance rating at farm level - an auditing scheme for evaluation of biosecurity measures’ effect on prevalence of Campylobacter from selected broiler producers

BackgroundPreventing pathogens from entering the broiler premises is the main biosecurity measure at farm level. In conventional broiler production, chickens are kept indoors during the entire production period. Pathogens can enter the broiler-producing unit from sources such as water, equipment, personnel, insects, and rodents. The possible routes must be controlled, and corrective measures applied when necessary. The objective of this study was to (1) develop a hygiene protocol and test the scheme on 30 farms, and (2) compare the results to their Campylobacter-colonised status. A Hygiene Performance Rating protocol at farm level (HPR-F) was developed to systematically review the production to identify risk areas to biosecurity. The HPR-F consists of 13 categories with related questions. For each question, a score was given from 1 to 3, where 1 meant “acceptable”, 2 was “potential for improvements”, and 3 was “not acceptable”. Scores for each question were multiplied with weight factors for hygienic impact and economic consequences describing whether the necessary improvement depends on a significant investment or is a cheap quick-fix and calculated into a percentage where 100% is perfect hygiene. The 30 farms in the study were selected from one county in Norway. The Campylobacter-results for each of the 30 farms in 2019–2021 were given according to rules in the Norwegian Action Plan against Campylobacter faecal sampling on-farm 3–6 days prior to slaughter.ResultsThe overall results from the HPR-F showed that the general hygiene level was high in all farms. The mean total hygiene score was 82% and varied from 70 to 92%. The category Handling dead chicken had the highest hygiene score (93%), and Ventilation had the lowest score (55%). The HPR-F results were compared to the Campylobacter-status for the 30 farms: Campylobacter-negative flocks had slightly higher total scores than Campylobacter-positive flocks (P = 0.19). Among others, the category Outdoor area (vegetation close to the premises’ walls) was identified as the most stable factor in relation to be colonised with Campylobacter.ConclusionsThe HPR-F tested in this research trial provides a tool for veterinarians, advisors, and poultry farmers to improve biosecurity at farm level and enhance the preventive animal health initiatives.

Assessment of dental hard tissues and periodontium in children with hemophilia

Relevance. Children suffering from hemophilia primarily receive dental care when they present with acute tooth pain or exacerbation of an existing condition. Due to the rarity (orphan nature) of hereditary coagulopathies, dentists often lack the experience and knowledge to utilize modern methods of prevention and treatment for this patient category. Additionally, the lack of regular dental check-ups for children with hemophilia often leads to a high level of oral morbidity and a need for specific treatments, as indicated by literature data.Materials and methods. The primary methods used to assess oral health in children with hemophilia included detailed questioning, detection of carious lesions in dental hard tissues, assessment of oral hygiene, and the condition of periodontal tissues.Results. Among pediatric patients with hemophilia, poor oral hygiene was associated with a high prevalence of carious lesions (100%) and very high caries intensity values (8.8, ranging from 7 to 11). Additionally, there was a relatively high prevalence of gingival inflammation, accompanied by pronounced gingival bleeding. A direct correlation was identified between the level of oral hygiene and the degree of gingival bleeding in children aged 6-17 years with hemophilia. The deterioration of dental indicators corresponded to the severity of hemophilia, the primary disease in these children.Conclusion. The study demonstrated that pediatric patients with hemophilia, particularly those with moderate to severe forms, had significantly worse indicators of oral hygiene, dental hard tissues, and gingival health compared to generally healthy children. The results indicate the necessity for dental monitoring and rehabilitation for children with hemophilia to detect and effectively treat oral diseases at early stages.