Hydrophilic Sealant Research Articles

Microleakage Assessment of Hydrophilic Pit and Fissure Sealants Fortified with Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles-An in Vitro Study

Background and Aim: Pit and fissure sealants play a significant role in preventive dentistry. The sealant's physical properties lend a notable contribution to its long-term success. The invention of nanoscience has led to breakthrough discoveries in improving the mechanical properties of sealants. The current work aimed to evaluate the microleakage of Hydrophilic sealant fortified using silver nanoparticles compared to the Hydrophilic sealant and conventional sealant on permanent molars. Materials and methods: Silver nanoparticles were green synthesized using beetroot extract and incorporated into hydrophilic Ultraseal XT Hydro sealant. A sample of extracted third molars, thirty in number, were allocated randomly to three different groups as follows: Group I: conventional Clinpro sealant, Group II: hydrophilic Ultraseal XT hydro, and Group III: Ultraseal XT hydro fortified with silver nanoparticles. Microleakage assessment was performed using a stereomicroscope. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to compare the microleakage values of the three groups. Results: Group III had the lowest values about mean microleakage score , and the highest scores were noted for Group I ( . A statistically significant difference was observed in comparing the three groups employing the Kruskal-Wallis test. Conclusion: The results of the current study have established that the microleakage was the lowest in fortified UltraSeal XT Hydro (Group III) when compared to Ultraseal XT Hydro (Group II) and Clinpro sealant (Group I).

Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrophilic Sealants incorporated with Green Synthesized Silver nanoparticles-An invitro Study

Background: Dental caries formation is highly prevented by applying pit and fissure sealant but was associated with microleakage and secondary caries formation. Aim and Objectives: To synthesize novel pit and fissure sealant with green synthesized silver nanoparticles and evaluation of antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Materials and Methods: Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was done using beetroot, characterized using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis), and Scanned Electron Microscope Analysis. A novel pit and fissure sealant was made by incorporating synthesized Ag nanoparticles and hydrophilic nature from Ultra seal XT Hydro. Using amoxicillin as a control, an agar well diffusion method was used to conduct an antimicrobial test for a new sealant against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutants, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans in Muller Hinton Agar for each organism. Result: Zone of inhibition was measured, showing statistically significant antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans with the ZOI value at concentration of Ag nanoparticles in sealant material. Conclusion: Novel Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant with Ag nanoparticles are potentially antibacterial against the cariogenic microorganism. Thus, it can be utilized for the better efficiency of topical pit and fissure sealant preventive therapy.

In Vitro Evaluation of Viscosity, Depth of Penetration, Microleakage, and Shear Bond Strength of Conventional and Hydrophilic Sealants.

Sealants are effective in preventing and arresting pit and fissure caries. Newer brands of sealants continue to be developed despite the lack of scientifically based information addressing the caries-preventive properties of these materials. Hence, laboratory in vitro tests play a vital role in providing the necessary information regarding the efficacy of new products in a short period of time. To compare and evaluate the viscosity, resin tag length, microleakage, and shear bond strength between conventional and hydrophilic sealants. A total of 40 extracted third molars were selected. Only 20 were evaluated for microleakage and resin tag length and another 20 for shear bond strength evaluation between group I-ClinPro and group II-UltraSeal XT hydro. After sealant placement, specimens were immersed in 0.1% rhodamine dye, followed by thermocycling. Microleakage testing was done using a confocal laser scanning microscope and resin tag length evaluation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and shear bond strength using an Universal Instron machine. Viscosity was assessed using an Anton Paar viscometer. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20. Viscosity and mean microleakage scores for group I (0.92 MPa and 1.50) were found to be higher than for group II (0.72 MPa and 0.60). Mean resin tag length and mean shear bond strength for group I (7.46 ± 0.95 μm and 13.71 ± 0.94 MPa) were found to be less compared to group II (10.03 ± 1.00 μm and 20.39 ± 0.98 MPa). The results were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Group II was found to be less viscous, which resulted in the formation of resin tags of sufficient length and showed less microleakage and higher shear bond strength than group I. Prabakar J, Jeevanandan G, Kengadaran S. In Vitro Evaluation of Viscosity, Depth of Penetration, Microleakage, and Shear Bond Strength of Conventional and Hydrophilic Sealants. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):745-750.

Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Moisture-tolerant Sealant and Glass Ionomer Sealant Using Stereomicroscope: An In Vitro Study.

The preventive benefits of pit and fissure sealants rely on their retention and sealing ability. The drawback of the conventional pit and fissure sealant is its poor retention due to the presence of moisture. Among the numerous pit and fissure sealants available, newer hydrophilic sealants are ideal for children. This study evaluates and compares the sealing ability of hydrophilic sealant Embrace WetBond with conventionally used glass ionomer sealant under a stereomicroscope. A total of 48 extracted human premolars were randomly divided into two groups (N = 24) and sealed with Embrace WetBond and GC Fuji VII as per manufacturers' instructions. Following thermocycling, the sectioned samples were evaluated for sealant penetration, unfilled space, and total length of fissure under a stereomicroscope at magnifications 2.5×, 4×, and 5×. The values were measured in microns and in various fissure types using the "ImageJ app" to measure the sealant penetrability and sealing ability. The data recorded were statistically evaluated. The penetrability of moisture-tolerant sealant was better (87.8 ± 10.7) compared to that of glass ionomer sealant (73.8 ± 15.5) (p = 0.002). Among the samples, U-type fissure patterns displayed greater penetrability (94.2 ± 6.2), whereas IK-type fissures revealed the lowest degree of penetrability (67.5 ± 7.3). Embrace WetBond is better than glass ionomer sealant with respect to penetrability and sealing ability under stereomicroscope hence recommended as a better sealant for pediatric clinical practice. Priscilla S, Shivashankarappa PG, Mohandoss S, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Moisture-tolerant Sealant and Glass Ionomer Sealant Using Stereomicroscope: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S67-S71.

In Vitro Analysis of Hydrophilic and Conventional sealants - A comparative study

Background: According to the World Health Organization, filling up the pits and fissures is one of the most efficient, least invasive ways to completely protect the occlusal surface from the carious phenomena. In vitro tests are essential for quickly delivering the knowledge required about the effectiveness of more recent sealant brands. Consequently, the objective of the current study was to assess and contrast the viscosity and length of resin tags on permanent molars of conventional and hydrophilic sealants. Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted third molars were split into two groups at random, one receiving conventional sealant (Clinpro 3M ESPE), and the other receiving hydrophilic sealant (UltraSeal XT Hydro). Each tooth's occlusal surfaces underwent an acid etchant pretreatment before the appropriate sealants were applied. Afterwards thermocycling and longitudinal sectioning were applied to both groups. For the purpose of measuring the length of the resin tag, the sectioned tooth specimens were examined under a scanning electron microscope. An Anton Paar viscometer was used to measure viscosities. The difference between the mean resin tag length of Group I and Group II sealants was compared using an independent t-test. Results: The mean resin tag length of Group II (10.07+/- 1.01m) was found to be higher than Group I (7.49+/- 0.94m), and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The viscosity measurements of Groups I and II were determined to be 0.8 mega Pascal (MPa) and 0.6 MPa, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current investigation, it can be said that Group II sealants generated resin tags of sufficient length and had lower viscosities than Group I sealants. Thus, a hydrophilic sealant outperformed a conventional sealant in terms of performance.

Comparative Evaluation Of Clinical Performance Of Giomer Based And Hydrophilic Resin Based Pit And Fissure Sealant In Primary Molars: A Split Mouth Clinical Trial

Aim: The current in vivo study is done to compare the retention, marginal staining, marginal integrity, and development of new carious lesions between a hydrophilic resin-based sealant and a giomer-based pit and fissure sealant on primary molars.Study Design:180 primary molars from 45 participants are taken into consideration in this randomised clinical investigation. 90 primary molars were sealed with Beautisealant (Group 1) and the other 90 primary molars were sealed with Embrace Wet Bond sealant (Group 2). To evaluate the clinical performance Modified USPHS criteria will be used and applied immediately following sealant application, at 3, 6, and 12 months. The entire set of data was gathered, enteredinto MS Excel, and examined with SPSS 16.0. The parameters of clinical evaluation were compared using the Fisher's exact test and the Pearson Chi-Square test.Result: At the end of 12 months, 75.9% of group 2 primary molars still had sealants in place, compared to 26.2 percent of group 1, which is statistically significant (p.001). Conclusion: Hydrophilic sealants may be employed as efficient fissure sealants, particularly in children who are at high risk for tooth decay, overly salivate, are physically and intellectually challenged, have partially erupted molars, and for children enrolled in community care programs.

Clinical evaluation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants among 7-10 year old school children: a split mouth study design

Introduction: The study was done to compare the effectiveness of hydrophobic and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant retention among 7-10 year old school children. Material and Methods: The present split mouth randomized trial was conducted on the occlusal surfaces of permanent first mandibular molars to compare and assess the retention along with other outcome variables like colour match, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, anatomic form, postoperative sensitivity, caries formation and surface roughness properties of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants at 3rd and 6th month. The data was compiled and analyzed using SPSS software and results were generated. Results: In the present study among the 50 restorations in the hydrophobic pit and fissure sealants (Group I), 48 (96%) restorations were retained at the end of third month and 45(90%) were retained at the end of sixth month. Among the 50 restorations in the hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants (Group II), 49(98%) restorations were retained at the end of third month, and 46(92%) at the end of sixth month were retained. There was no significant difference in the number of completely retained restorations at the end of six months (p = 1.00) among both the groups. The assessment of all the other outcome variables between both the interventions showed that the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study concluded that the hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant was similar to the hydrophobic pit and fissure sealant in terms of retention, colour match, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, anatomic form and surface roughness properties with. Keywords Pit and fissure sealants; Moisture tolerant; 7-10 years; School children; Mandibular teeth.

Evaluación bajo microscopio electrónico de barrido de sellantes de fosas y fisuras hidrófobos e hidrófilos, bajo diferentes condiciones de humedad: Un estudio in vitro

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de diferentes marcas de selladores de fosas y fisuras hidrófobos e hidrófilos en Microscopio electrónico de barrido de emisión de campo (MEB-EC) expuestos a humedad relativa. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron 40 premolares extraídos con fines ortodóncicos, se dividieron al azar en 8 grupos: Grupo 1: sellador Clinpro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 2: sellador Clinpro® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 3: sellador Embrace WetBond® (ambiente seco), Grupo 4: sellador Embrace Wet-Bond® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 5: sellador UltraSeal XT Hydro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 6: sellador UltraSeal XT Hydro® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 7: sellador UltraSeal XT Plus® (ambiente seco) y el Grupo 8 sellador UltraSeal XT Plus® (ambiente húmedo). Resultados: El Grupo 1 (Clinpro®/ambiente seco) Mostró valores de adhesión al esmalte superiores, de forma estadísticamente significativa, en relación a los demás grupos y mejor calidad en la formación de “tags” en comparación con los otros grupos, independientemente si el ambiente era seco o húmedo. Conclusiones: Los selladores Clinpro 3M®, utilizados en condiciones secas o de relativa humedad demostró tener buenos resultados. La resina fluida UltraSeal XT Plus® utilizada en condiciones húmedas no proporcionó buenos resultados observándose poca formación de tags; los selladores hidrófilos (Embrace Wetbond ® y UltraSeal XT Hydro®) utilizados en un ambiente húmedo tenían una capacidad de adaptación, observándose buena formación de tags; Los selladores hidrófilos usados en ambientes secos no se adaptan a la superficie y tienen una tendencia a fallar en lo que respecta a la adhesión.

Microleakage Assessment of Two Different Pit and Fissure Sealants: A Comparative Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Study.

IntroductionPit and fissures of permanent dentition are considered to be highly vulnerable to the adhesion of cariogenic microorganisms and consequently result in caries formation. The main problem associated with sealant failure will be microleakage. Therefore, sealants can be considered to be an effective preventive procedure for dental caries, only if it strongly bonds to the tooth, and protect the pit and fissures from the oral bacterial environment.Aim and objectiveTo compare and assess the microleakage of two different pit and fissure sealants on permanent molars.Materials and methodsA total of 20 extracted third molars were randomly divided into two groups where group I is conventional sealant and group II is hydrophilic sealant. Occlusal surfaces of permanent molars were treated with 37% orthophosphoric acid before sealant placement. Tooth samples were subjected to 0.1% rhodamine dye immersion, thermocycling, and tooth samples were sectioned and evaluated under a confocal laser microscope for dye penetration. A non-parametric test (Mann–Whitney U) was performed to compare the mean microleakage score difference between the groups.ResultsGroup II (hydrophilic sealant) showed a minimum level of the microleakage score when compared to group I (conventional sealant) and was found to be statistically significant using the Mann-Whitney U test with a p value <0.05.ConclusionThe less the microleakage, the better will be the retention of the sealant for a longer duration and cariostatic action.How to cite this articlePrabakar J, Indiran MA, Kumar P, et al. Microleakage Assessment of Two Different Pit and Fissure Sealants: A Comparative Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(S-1):S29–S33.

Antibacterial activity of new hydrophilic sealants: In vitro study.

Pits and fissures sealing and modulation of oral microbiota through probiotics are important preventive measures against dental decays. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of the Embrace™ WetBond™ Pit and Fissure Sealant (Pulpdent, USA) and UltraSeal XT® Hydro™ (Ultradent, USA) against selected oral bacteria and probiotics. The antibacterial effect of both sealants was tested both through planktonic growth inhibition test - 96-well microtiter plates and agar disk diffusion assay containing light-cured Embrace™ and UltraSeal XT® against Streptococcus mutans and two oral probiotics (Streptococcus salivarius and Lactobacillus reuteri). Embrace™ showed a stronger and broad activity against all the bacterial strains tested (P < 0.05) in planktonic growth inhibition test even at its lowest dose (10 μl), with inhibition rates higher than 90% in all cases. UltraSeal XT® Hydro™ showed a mild antibacterial activity against L. reuteri, with growth inhibition rates being 19% and 23% for 20 μl and 50 μl, respectively. Regarding agar disk diffusion test, both sealants showed exclusively an antibacterial activity by contact. According to these findings, it is recommended to carefully plan the timing for the administration of different preventive interventions, such as oral probiotics assumption and sealant application, to maximize their specific effectiveness. We suggest prescribing oral probiotics first and putting off the Embrace™ sealant application to the end of probiotic treatment. On the contrary, it is possible to administer L. reuteri simultaneously with the application of UltraSeal XT® since it elicits a minimal antibacterial action against this oral probiotic.

Comparative Evaluation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Resin-based Sealants: A Clinical Study

The purpose of this study is to clinically evaluate and compare the retention and evidence of caries of three fissure sealants. A total of 150 children, between 7 and 13 years of age, with fully erupted permanent molars, had sealants placed using a full-mouth design. Sealant retention was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months later. Teeth were evaluated for retention and evidence of caries using Simonsen's criteria and results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Chi-square test. At 1-year examination, in teeth sealed with Clinpro: (a) 8% were completely retained, (b) 74.4% were partially lost, and (c) 8.5% were completely lost; with Embrace Wetbond: (a) none of the sealants were completely retained, (b) 13.1% were partially lost, and (c) 59.1% were completely lost; with Champ: (a) 1% were completely retained, (b) 71.4% were partially lost, and (c) 10.9% were completely lost. All the three sealants showed evidence of caries from 9 months. The retention of hydrophobic (Clinpro) sealant was superior to hydrophilic (Embrace Wetbond and Champ) sealants. The evidence of caries was less in the hydrophobic sealant group when compared with the hydrophilic sealant groups. There was no statistical difference in retention and evidence of caries between maxillary and mandibular teeth for all the three sealant groups. Sealants prevent the occurrence of caries in the majority of children. Though hydrophobic sealants appear to be more successful, hydrophilic sealants too may provide promising results in the near future.

Comparative Evaluation of Retention, Cariostatic Effect and Discoloration of Conventional and Hydrophilic Sealants - A Single Blinded Randomized Split Mouth Clinical Trial.

Introduction:Pit and fissures are approximately eight times vulnerable than the smooth surface caries lesion. Sealants are effective in preventing, arresting, and progression of pit-and-fissure occlusal caries lesions. The failure of sealant resin-based retention is mainly attributed to the moisture contamination. To overcome this drawback, UltraSeal XT® hydro, a moisture-friendly sealant, has been introduced.Aim:This study aimed to compare and evaluate the retention, cariostatic effect, and discoloration of conventional Clinpro™ 3M™ ESPE™ and hydrophilic UltraSeal XT® sealants among 12 to 15-year-old schoolchildren for 3 months.Materials and Methods:A single-blinded, randomized, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted among thirty schoolchildren aged 12–15 years. Sealants used in the present study were Group I – Clinpro™ and Group II – UltraSeal XT® hydro. Sealants were provided in the school by two operators based on the computer-generated random sequence and the study participants were evaluated after 3 months for sealant coverage, caries incidence, and discoloration using Color, Coverage and Caries sealant evaluation system. Sealant coverage between the two sealants was compared using Mann–Whitney U-test and Z-test for proportions.Results:A total of 47 teeth (78.3%) with UltraSeal XT® Hydro had the sealant covering in all the fissures compared to Clinpro™ 3M™ ESPE™ which was 46.7% (28 teeth) and the difference was observed to be statistically significant.Conclusion:Hydrophilic UltraSeal XT® Hydro yielded better sealant coverage (retention) compared to the conventional Clinpro™ 3M™ ESPE™. No difference was observed with regard to cariostatic effect and discoloration.

Comparative Evaluation of the Viscosity and Length of Resin Tags of Conventional and Hydrophilic Pit and Fissure Sealants on Permanent Molars: An In vitro Study.

Background:The World Health Organization considers sealing the pit and fissures as a primary preventive measure and is one of the most effective, least invasive means to ensure the complete protection of the occlusal surface from the carious phenomenon. In vitro tests play a vital role in providing the necessary information regarding the efficacy of newer brands of sealants in a short period. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the viscosity and length of resin tag of conventional and hydrophilic sealant on permanent molars.Materials and Methods:Twenty extracted third molars were randomly divided into two groups: Group I: Conventional sealant (Clinpro 3M ESPE) and Group II: Hydrophilic sealant (UltraSeal XT Hydro). Occlusal surfaces of each tooth were pretreated with the acid etchant, and the respective sealants were placed. Both the groups were then subjected to thermocycling and sectioned longitudinally. The sectioned tooth specimens were examined under scanning electron microscope for resin tag length measurements. Viscosities were evaluated using an Anton Paar viscometer. Independent t-test was used to compare the difference in mean resin tag length of Group I and Group II sealants.Results:Viscosity measurements of Group I and Group II were found to be 0.9 mega Pascal (MPa) and 0.7 MPa and the mean resin tag length of Group II (10.03 ± 1.00 μm) was found to be higher than Group I (7.46 ± 0.95 μm) and was found to be significant statistically (P = 0.001).Conclusion:Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that Group II sealant exhibited lower viscosity and formed resin tag of sufficient length than that of Group I sealants. Therefore, hydrophilic sealant showed better results as compared to a conventional sealant.

Effect of Er:YAG laser enamel conditioning and moisture on the microleakage of a hydrophilic sealant

For a given sealant, successful pit and fissure sealing is principally governed by the enamel conditioning technique and the presence of moisture contamination. A new generation of hydrophilic resin sealants is reported to tolerate moisture. This study investigates the impact of Er:YAG laser pre-conditioning and moisture contamination on the microleakage of a recent hydrophilic sealant. Occlusal surfaces of extracted human molars were either acid etched (n = 30), or successively lased and acid etched (n = 30). Ten teeth from each group were either air-dried, water-contaminated, or saliva-contaminated prior to sealing with UltraSeal XT® hydro™. Samples were inspected for penetration of fuchsin dye following 3000 thermocycles between 5 and 50 °C, and the enamel–sealant interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significant differences in microleakage were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni adjustment (p = 0.05). Laser pre-conditioning significantly reduced dye penetration irrespective of whether the enamel surface was moist or dry. Microleakage of water-contaminated acid etched teeth was significantly greater than that of their air-dried or saliva-contaminated counterparts. SEM analysis demonstrated good adaptation in all groups with the exception of water-contaminated acid etched teeth which exhibited relatively wide gaps. In conclusion, this hydrophilic sealant tolerates the presence of saliva, although water was found to impair its sealing ability. Laser pre-conditioning significantly decreases microleakage in all cases.

In Vitro Evaluation of Microleakage and Penetration of Hydrophilic Sealants Applied on Dry and Moist Enamel

In Vitro Evaluation of Microleakage and Penetration of Hydrophilic Sealants Applied on Dry and Moist Enamel

The impact of Er:YAG laser enamel conditioning on the microleakage of a new hydrophilic sealant--UltraSeal XT hydro.

UltraSeal XT® hydro™ is a new hydrophilic, light-cured, methacrylate-based pit and fissure sealant which has been developed by Ultradent Products, USA. The sealant is highly filled with a 53 wt.% mixture of inorganic particles which confer both thixotropy and radiopacity. The principal purpose of this study was to investigate the microleakage of UltraSeal XT® hydro™ as a function of different enamel etching techniques. The occlusal surfaces of sound, extracted human molars were either acid etched, Er:YAG laser irradiated or successively laser irradiated and acid etched. UltraSeal XT® hydro™ was applied to each group of teeth (n = 10) which were subjected to a thermocycling process consisting of 2500 cycles between 5 and 50 °C with a dwell time of 30 s. Microleakage assessments were then carried out using 0.5 % fuchsin dye and optical microscopy. The microleakage score data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni adjustment. No significant differences in microleakage were noted between the individually acid etched and laser-irradiated groups (p > 0.05); however, teeth treated with a combination of laser irradiation and acid etching demonstrated significantly lower microleakage scores (p < 0.001). Electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the mineral filler component of UltraSeal XT® hydro™ essentially comprises micrometre-sized particles of inorganic silicon-, aluminium- and barium-bearing phases. Laser etching increases the roughness of the enamel surface which causes a concentrated zoning of the filler particles at the enamel-sealant interface.

Comparison of Microleakage and Penetration Depth between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Sealants in Primary Second Molar

IntroductionOptimal pit and fissure sealing is determined by surface preparation techniques and choice of materials. The performance of pit and fissure sealant materials has been intensively investigated, yet no single product is reported as an ideal sealant. In children, moisture control during cavity preparation is always a big challenge, and hence, hydrophilic sealants have been developed.AimTo compare the microleakage and penetration depth of hydrophilic and hydrophobic sealants using acid-etching on dry and moist surfaces.Materials and methodsRecently, extracted 28 2nd primary molars are assigned to two groups (hydrophobic group I; hydrophilic group II) depending on the surface condition (dry group: A1 and B1; moist group: A2 and B2) of 7 teeth in each group. Samples from group A1 and B1 are cleaned and dried with a 3-way syringe and etched with etching gel, and sealant is applied to the fissures and cured with visible light. Sample from A2 and B2 are immersed in 0.1 mL of fresh whole human saliva for 20 seconds and dried using a pellet cotton, and the same procedure is carried out. All samples are subjected to 1000 thermal cycles and sectioned to compare the depth of penetration and microleakage. Sections will be examined under light microscope and analyzed using an image analysis software (SigmaScan).ResultsThe least microleakage was seen with hydrophilic sealant under moist surface condition, and the depth of penetration of hydrophobic sealant was found to be better than that of hydrophilic sealant in both dry and moist surface conditions.ConclusionHydrophilic pit and fissure sealants showed higher tolerance to saliva contamination with less microleakage, but in terms of penetration ability hydrophobic sealants were found to be superior.How to cite this articleGawali PN, Chaugule VB, Panse AM. Comparison of Microleakage and Penetration Depth between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Sealants in Primary Second Molar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):291-295.

Impact of Er:YAG laser ablation on the interfacial properties of a hydrophilic fissure sealant

Impact of Er:YAG laser ablation on the interfacial properties of a hydrophilic fissure sealant

Unvulcanized elastomeric waterproofing materials for construction application

In the construction was widespread elastomer profiles, which have the ability to swell in water. Such products should have a high capacity for swelling, elasticity, resistance to weathering. At the present time for these purposes are used materials, mostly of foreign origin. With the increasing pace of construction in Russia the problem of replacement of imported materials is particularly relevant. The work was dedicated to the creation of water-swellable elastomer materials using bentonite powders and study of their properties. Сomparative testing of imported and domestic hydrophilic sealants were held. Rationale and choice of components for the cords of bentonite was conducted. Polymer base is saturated ethylene-propylene rubber. Bentonite from different manufacturers used to increase the swelling of the samples. Filler added in an amount of 50–100 phr. The elastomeric compositions were prepared using laboratory roller at a temperature of 60 ± 5° C. Profiling was performed on a syringe-machine at a temperature of 120° C. Extrusion indicator of the mixtures were evaluated on a 10-point scale (German-Russian system). It is found that high swelling products provided using field Azerbaijan bentonite. It is noted that the dosage of bentonite than 150 w.p. deteriorates technological properties of bentonite cords. It has been shown that activation of the bentonite and sodium carbonate chloride can significantly improve product swelling, wherein the bentonite content of the composition was 150–200 w.p.

Clinical Evaluation of Retention in Hydrophobic and Hydrophillic Pit and Fissure Sealants-A Two Year Follow-Up Study

Objectives: The present in vivo study is done to compare and evaluate the retention of the traditional hydrophobic pit and fissure sealant with a hydrophilic resin-based sealant on first permanent molars and to compare the sealant retention in maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial 212 permanent first molars from 76 subjects are considered in this study. Out of which 106 right side upper & lower first molars were sealed with Delton FS (Group I) and the remaining 106 left side upper & lower first molars were sealed with Embrace Wet Bond sealant (Group II). Clinical evaluation by both visual and tactile examination was carried out -immediately after sealant application, at 1,6,12,18 and 24 months using Simonsen’s criteria. Results: At the end of two years 67.9% of permanent molars of group II showed completely retained sealants compared to 45.3% of permanent molars of group I. Conspicuously 56.6% upper teeth in group II retained sealant, whereas only 17% of upper teeth retained sealant in group I and is statistically significant (p=0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hydrophilic sealant may be used as effective pit and fissure sealants especially in children with high risk of caries, excessive salivation, mentally and physically challenged, very young children, uncooperative child and partially erupted molars and community care programs. Key words: Children Dentistry, First permanent molars, Hydrophobic sealants, Hydrophillic sealants, Pits and Fissures, Retention.